重庆市实验中学2022-2023学年高一上学期期末考试英语试题（解析版）

2/22022-2023学年上期高2021级期末英语试题第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分)做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题纸上。第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.Wherearethespeakers?A.Onaship.B.Inastore.C.Attheairport.2.Howcanthemangetintothelibrary?A.Throughthefrontdoor.B.Throughthesidedoor.C.Bytakingalift.3.Whatwillthespeakersdofirst?A.Gohiking.B.Putuptheirtent.C.Gofishing.4.Whatwillthemandothisafternoon?A.Havelunchwiththewoman.B.Finishhisreport.C.Makeaschedule.5.Whatdoweknowaboutthewoman?A.Shehasfailedherexam.B.Shehasbrokenherglasses.C.Sheregrettedlosinghertemper.第二节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6.Whatarethetwospeakersdoing?A.Headingforashop.B.Choosingitemsinastore.C.Waitinginacheckoutline.7.Whatisonsale?A.Pepper.B.Cannedsoup.C.Toiletpaper.听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。8.Wherewilltheexhibitionbeheld?A.InFlorida.B.OnGuanyinshanBeach.C.InShanghai.9.Whenwillthespeakersgototheexhibition?A.ThisSaturday.B.ThisSunday.C.NextTuesday.10.Whatdoweknowabouttheman?A.He’sneverflownakitebefore.B.Heisuninterestedinthefestival.C.HewasinShanghaitwomonthsago.听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。11.Wholivesupstairsintheapartment?A.Awriter.B.Anoldcouple.C.Anoldcouple’sson.12.Howmuchwillthewomanpaypermonthtorenttheapartment?A.$800.B.$750.C.$50.13.WhichofthefollowingisNOTincludedintherent?A.Gas.B.Electricity.C.Maintenancefee.听第9段材料，回答第14至16题。14.What’sthewoman’sdinnerfor?A.Welcomingafriendback.BCelebratingabirthday.C.Givingafriendasend-off.15.What’stheKoreanrestaurantlike?A.Thefoodisterrible.B.Theserviceisn’tgood.C.Thefoodisoverpriced.16.WhatdoweknowabouttherestaurantinChinatown?A.Itoffersexcellentservice.B.Itonlyserveshotpot.C.It’spopularamongdiners.听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。17.What’sthespeaker’smaintopic?A.Howtosleepbetter.B.Howsleepbenefitspeople.C.Howmuchsleepweneed.18.Whichistherecommendedamountofsleepforadults?A.Sixtoeighthoursperday.B.Seventoninehoursperday.C.Sixtoninehoursperday.19.Whattendstohappentopeopleiftheysleepforoverninehours?A.They’llfeelextremelytired.B.They’llhaveahigherriskofdeath.C.They’llwanttosleeplonger.20.Whichisariskfactorassociatedwithseeminglylongsleep?A.Mentalillnesses.B.Strangesleephabits.C.Poorsleepquality.第二部分阅读(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文。从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项。AAttractionsforKidswithDinosaurFeverWhilethereareplentyofmoviesandbooksthatcanteachyourlittleoneallaboutdinosaurs,thefollowingchildren’sattractionswillallowthemtocomeface-to-facewiththeirfavoritedinosaursandlearninaninteractive,funenvironment.1.DinosaursAliveatCedarPointSandusky,OHSeethe“ageofdinosaurs”cometolifewithinteractiveexhibitsbasedonrealfossilevidence.AttheDinosaursAlivesectionofCedarPointpark,visitorscanwalkamongmorethan50life-sizeddinosaurswhichmoveandroar.Seethesegiganticlizards(蜥蜴)upcloseandlearnmoreaboutthemostfearsomeperiodoftheearth’shistory.2.TheChicagoChildren’sMuseumChicago,ILTheChicagoChildren’sMuseumisfilledwithplentyofactivitiesforkidsofallages,butoneofthecoolesthastobetheDinosaurExhibition.Atthisexhibit,childrencanspendtimediggingfordinosaurbonesatanexcavation(挖掘)site,lookingatdinosaurfossils,andlearningwhatlifeislikeforrealarchaeologists(考古学家).3.CarnegieMuseumofNaturalHistoryPittsburgh,PAInadditiontoplentyofexhibitsaboutwildlife,theCarnegieMuseumofNaturalHistoryhasoneofthefinestdinosaurfossilcollectionsintheworld.VisitorscanseeexpertsworkwithrealdinosaurfossilsinthePaleoLab.MakesuretosnapaphotoinfrontofDippy,thescarf-lovingdinosaurguardingthefrontofthemuseum!4.TheChildren’sMuseumofIndianapolisIndianapolis,INFromthedinosaursexplodingoutofthesideofthebuildingtothefossilswithin,theChildren’sMuseumofIndianapolisisfilledwithfunthingstodo.KidscantoucharealT-rexboneandseereconstructeddinosaurskeletonsupclose.1.Whoaretheattractionsmainlyintendedfor?A.Children. B.Parents. C.Archaeologists. D.Volunteers.2.Inwhichmuseumcanvisitorsdigfordinosaurbones?A.DinosaursAliveatCedarPoint. B.TheChicagoChildren’sMuseum.C.CarnegieMuseumofNaturalHistory. D.TheChildren’sMuseumofIndianapolis.3.WhatarevisitorsadvisedtodoinPittsburgh,PA?A.ToucharealT-rexbone. B.TakeaphotoinfrontofDippy.C.Seereconstructeddinosaurskeletons. D.Seeexpertsworkwithfakedinosaurfossils.【答案】1.A2.B3.B【解析】【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了四个与恐龙有关的旅游景点。【1题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段第一句中的“thefollowingchildren’sattractionswillallowthemtocomeface-to-facewiththeirfavoritedinosaurs(下面的景点将让孩子们与他们最喜欢的恐龙面对面)”可知，文章介绍的这些景点主要是为孩子们准备的。故选A。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段第二句中的“Atthisexhibit,childrencanspendtimediggingfordinosaurbonesatanexcavationsite(在这个展览中，孩子们可以花时间在挖掘现场挖掘恐龙骨头)”可知，在芝加哥儿童博物馆中，游客们可以挖掘出恐龙的遗骨。故选B。【3题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段最后一句中的“MakesuretosnapaphotoinfrontofDippy(一定要在Dippy面前照张相)”可知，当游览位于匹兹堡的卡内基自然历史博物馆时，作者建议游客们在名为Dippy的恐龙化石前拍照。故选B。BDevonGallagher,acollegegraduatefromPhiladelphia,wantstheworldtoknowexactlywhereshe’sbeenduringherworldwidevacationinaspecialway.Thetraveler,whowasbornwithabonedisease,hadherrightlegamputated(截肢)attheageoffour.AlthoughtheamputationcausedsetbacksforGallagherearlyon,shenowseesitasnothingshortofinspirationforlivingherbestlife.Tospreadthatmessage,Gallagherhastakentosocialmedia,whereshesharesphotosofhertravelsacrosstheglobe,butinsteadofsimplyusingageo­tag,shewritesherlocationacrossherartificiallegbeforetakingapicture.NowshehasbeentakingpicturesacrosstheContinent,whichshowhercyclingoverthecanalinAmsterdam,relaxingonawalloverlookingthecityofBarcelona,posingwithawaffleinBrussels,takingspectacularpicturesinAthensandenjoyingarivercruiseinBudapest,allwiththewell­knownlocationswrittenonherartificialleg.“IgetanewlegeverytwoyearsandIcanchoosethedesignonit.OnedayIhadasuddenthoughttogetachalkboard,”Gallaghersaid.“Mymumandgrandmotherweren’ttookeenontheidea,butmyfriendsthoughtitwasgreatandtoldmetogoforit,soIdid.”Gallaghersaidpeopleoftenstarewhenshe’swritingonherleg,butonceshesharesthephotos,shereceivesonlypositivefeedback.“Myleghasn’tstoppedmefromdoinganythingI’vewantedtodo,”shesaid.“Idon’tknowifit’smydeterminationtoprovetomyselfthatIcandoit,butregardless,I’vebeenabletokeepupwithmypeersandleadaprettygreatlife.”Gallaghershowsusthatyoushouldneverletanythingstandinthewayofyourdreams.Andiflifegivesyouanartificialleg,makeart.4.WhatmessagedidGallagherwanttospreadinherspecialway?A.Sheenjoyshertravelingacrosstheglobe.B.Shesufferslittlefromherlegamputation.C.Shelooksonhermisfortuneasanotherformofblessing.D.Shehasexactlyfalleninlovewithpostingphotosonline.5.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“which”inParagraph4referto?A.TheContinent. B.Thepictures.C.Theleg. D.Thelocations.6.Gallaghercanbestbedescribedas________．A.helpfulandambitious B.friendlyandgenerousC.determinedandcreative D.independentandsensible7.Whichofthefollowingmightbethebesttitleforthetext?A.NeverTooLatetoShare B.ASpecialArtificialLegC.AnOutstandingPhotographer D.Gallagher’sSummerHolidays【答案】4.C5.B6.C7.B【解析】【分析】这是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章主要讲述了截肢的Gallagher不畏不幸，坚持环球旅行，并在拍照前在假肢上写下自己的位置。她以特殊的方式传递一种信息：把自己的不幸看作是另一种形式的幸运。【4题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段“AlthoughtheamputationcausedsetbacksforGallagherearlyon,shenowseesitasnothingshortofinspirationforlivingherbestlife.（虽然截肢在早期给Gallagher带来了挫折，但她现在认为这无异于激励她过上最好的生活。）”可知，Gallagher把挫折当做了一种激励。所以Gallagher想以特殊的方式传递一种信息：把自己的不幸看作是另一种形式的幸运，故选C项。【5题详解】指代猜测题。根据第四段“NowshehasbeentakingpicturesacrosstheContinent,whichshowhercyclingoverthecanalinAmsterdam,relaxingonawalloverlookingthecityofBarcelona,posingwithawaffleinBrussels,takingspectacularpicturesinAthensandenjoyingarivercruiseinBudapest,allwiththewellknownlocationswrittenonherartificialleg.（现在，她一直在拍摄横跨欧洲大陆的照片，这些照片显示她在阿姆斯特丹的运河上骑自行车，在俯瞰巴塞罗那市的墙上放松，在布鲁塞尔与华夫饼合影，在雅典拍摄壮观的照片，并在布达佩斯享受河上游船，所有这些都写在她的假腿上。）”可知，此句中which引导非限制性定语从句，指代先行词pictures。故推知which指代“照片”。故选B项。【6题详解】细节理解题。根据第六段““Myleghasn’tstoppedmefromdoinganythingI’vewantedtodo,”shesaid.（她说：“我的腿并没有阻止我做任何我想做的事情”。）”可知，Gallagher是个坚定果断的人。根据第三段“Tospreadthatmessage,Gallagherhastakentosocialmedia,whereshesharesphotosofhertravelsacrosstheglobe,butinsteadofsimplyusingageotag,shewritesherlocationacrossherartificiallegbeforetakingapicture.（为了传播这一信息，Gallagher已经在社交媒体上分享了她在世界各地旅行的照片，但她没有简单地使用地理标签，而是在拍照之前在她的假腿上写下了她的位置。）”可知，她在假肢上写位置的行为很有创造性。故Gallagher是个坚定并有创造力的人，故选C项。【7题详解】主旨大意题。根据最后一段“Gallaghershowsusthatyoushouldneverletanythingstandinthewayofyourdreams.Andiflifegivesyouanartificialleg,makeart.（Gallagher向我们表明，你永远不应该让任何事情阻碍你的梦想。如果生活给了你一条假腿，那就做艺术吧。）”可知，文章主要讲述了截肢的Gallagher不畏不幸，坚持环球旅行，并创造性地在拍照前在假肢上写下自己的位置。她以特殊的方式传递一种信息：把自己的截肢看作是另一种形式的幸运。故文章的标题应是：一条特殊的假腿，故选B项。CFishcatsareakindofcatsthatlovewaterandlovetofish.Theyareliketigersandlions,onlymuchsmaller,aroundtwicethesizeofouraveragepetcats.TheyliveinwetlandsofSouthAsiaandmangroveforests(红树林)ofSouthandSoutheastAsia.Likemanyendangeredspecies,fishcatswereindangerofdyingoutmorethantwentyyearsago,mainlybecauseofthegreatinternationalneedforfishfoodandthepeoplescuttingofthemangrovesatanextremelyfastspeed.MangrovesofSoutheastAsiaarehometoagreatmanyfantasticspecieslikefishcats,turtles,shorebirdsandothers.Mangrovescanprotectsoil,andtheycanbethefirstlineofprotectionbetweenstorms,tsunamisandthemillionsofpeoplewholivenexttothem.ThefactisthatmangrovescanstorealmostfivetotentimesmoreCO2thanotherforests.Soprotectingmangrovesmaywellbelikeprotectingfivetotentimesmoreofotherforests.Tenyearsago,inSouthIndia,manypeoplecametogethertochangethefutureoftheirhome.Inlessthan10years,withinternationalsupport,thestateforestdepartmentsandthelocalpeopleworkedtogethertorestoreover20,000acresofunproductivefishandshrimpfarmsbackintomangroves.Nowexpertsareworkingwiththeminhelpingstudyandprotectingthemangrovesaswellasthespecieslivinginthem.Fishandshrimpfarmersarenowwillingtoworkwithexpertstotesttheharvestofnatureprotectionlikefishes,turtlesandotherspeciesinmangroves.Thelocalfarmersareencouragedtoprotectandplantmangroveswheretheyhavebeenlost.Awinwin-winforfishcats,localpeopleandtheglobalecosystem(生态系统)isbeingbuilt.8.Whatmadethefishcatsendangered?A.Beingtoolargeandneedforfishfood. B.Cuttingofmangrovesandlackofwater.C.Lessfishandovercuttingofmangroves. D.Naturalenemiesandenvironmentpollution.9.Whyaremangrovessoimportant?A.Theycanpreventextremeweather. B.Theyareperfecthometoallspecies.C.TheycantakeinmoreCO2effectively. D.Theyhelpplantsgrowbetteronthesoil.10.Whatisthelastparagraphmainlyabout?A.Workinprotectingshrimps. B.Effortstoprotectthemangroves.C.Waysofturningfarmsintoforests. D.ChangesofSouthIndiainI0years.11.Whichofthefollowingcouldbethebesttitleforthetext?A.ManandNature B.WaystoProtectFishCatsC.TheRestorationofWetlands D.FishCatsandMangrovesProtection【答案】8.C9.C10.B11.D【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了需要被保护的濒危的鱼猫、对于人类十分重要的红树林以及南印度为形成鱼猫——当地居民——生态系统三赢格局所作出的努力。【8题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段“Likemanyendangeredspecies,fishcatswereindangerofdyingoutmorethantwentyyearsago,mainlybecauseofthegreatinternationalneedforfishfoodandthepeople'scuttingofthemangrovesatanextremelyfastspeed.(许多濒危物种一样，鱼猫在二十多年前就面临灭绝的危险，主要原因是国际上对鱼类食物的巨大需求以及人们以极快的速度砍伐红树林)”可知，鱼猫濒临灭绝的原因是鱼类供不应求和红树林的过度砍伐。故选C。【9题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段“ThefactisthatmangrovescanstorealmostfivetotentimesmoreCO2thanotherforests.Soprotectingmangrovesmaywellbelikeprotectingfivetotentimesmoreofotherforests.(事实上，红树林能储存的二氧化碳几乎是其他森林的五到十倍。因此，保护红树林很可能就像保护其他森林的5到10倍)”可知，红树林重要的原因在可以吸收更多的二氧化碳。故选C。【10题详解】主旨大意题。根据最后一段“Tenyearsago,inSouthIndia,manypeoplecametogethertochangethefutureoftheirhome.(十年前，在南印度，许多人聚集在一起改变他们家园的未来)”以及“Thelocalfarmersareencouragedtoprotectandplantmangroveswheretheyhavebeenlost.(鼓励当地农民保护和种植已经消失的红树林)”以及段落内容可知，最后一段主要讲述了南印度人民为保护红树林所做出的努力。故选B。【11题详解】主旨大意题。根据最后一段“Awin-win-winforfishcats,localpeopleandtheglobalecosystemisbeingbuilt.(鱼猫、当地居民和全球生态系统三赢的格局正在形成)”以及全文内容可知，文章主要介绍了需要被保护的濒危的鱼猫、对于人类十分重要的红树林以及南印度人为保护红树林做出的努力，故D选项“鱼猫和红树林保护”最符合文章标题。故选D。DAteamofresearchersatETHZurichhastheperfectlong-lastingsolutiontoourfogproblem.Theyhavedevelopedaverythinandgold-basedtransparentcoating(涂层)thatcanconvertsunlightintoheat,whichcanbeappliedtoglassandothersurfacestopreventthemfromfogging.Thespecialcoatingisdevelopedusingtitaniumoxideandgoldparticles.Itselectivelyabsorbsinfraredradiations(红外线照射)fromthesunlightandcreatesaheatingeffectthatispowerfulenoughtokeepfogawayfromthesurfaceofanobject.Thecoatingbasicallyemploysheattostopfogging.Thecoatingabsorbsalargepartoftheinfraredradiation,whichcausesittoheatup—byupto8℃.Previously,productslikeanti-foggingsprayscreateaverythinfilmofwateronthesurfacetoremovefog.Theproblemwithsuchsurfacesispollution.Alongwithwater,thespraysalsoattractdirt,dust,oil,andvariousotherdirtysubstances,andjustalittledirtonthesurfacemakesituseless.However,thenewcoatingrepels(排斥)water.Furthermore,thecoatingissignificantlythinner,whichmakesitmoretransparentaswellasflexible.Itisheatedpassivelyandrequires,duringdaytime,noadditionalenergysource.Goldmightbeexpensive,buttheresearchersstressthattheircoatingrequiressolittlethatthematerialcostsremainlow.Theircoatingisproducedwithstandardizedandreadilyscalablemethods,allcost-effectively.However,althoughthisproductcanworkatverylowlevelsofsolarirradiation,itdoesrelyonacertainamountoflight.Theresearcherswilldevelopthecoatingfurtherforotherapplications.Intheprocess,theywillexaminewhetherothermetalsworkjustaswellasgold.Thereisnoneedtofear,however,thiswouldcauseacarorabuildingtoheatupmoreinthesummer.Theresearchershavealreadyfiledapatent.Hopefully,thisgroundbreakingproductwillsoonbeavailableonthemarket.12.Howdoesthenewcoatingworktoremovefog?A.Byreflectingpartofsunlightselectively.B.Bykeepingcoolairawayfromtheobject.C.Bycreatingathinfilmofwateronthesurface.D.Byabsorbinginfraredradiationstoheatthecoating.13.Whydoestheauthormentionpreviousanti-foggingproducts?A.Tostresstheadvantagesofthenewcoating.B.Tointroducetheinspirationbehindthenewcoating.C.Toprovethedifficultyofcreatinganti-foggingproducts.D.Toexplainthereasonfortheanti-foggingcoatingbeingpopular.14.Whatisthelimitationofthenewcoating?A.Itisconsiderablyexpensive.B.Itdependsonsunlighttowork.C.Itlakestoomuchtimetoproduce.DItisdifficulttocleanandmaintain.15.WhatdotheresearchersplantodonextA.Seekmorematerialsasthecoating.B.Applyforapatentfortheinvention.C.Developtheproductformorepracticaluses.D.Exploretheenvironmentalimpactofthecoating.【答案】12.D13.A14.B15.C【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。苏黎世联邦理工学院的一组研究人员开发了一种新型涂层，文章介绍了这种新型涂层的工作原理、优缺点及下一步研究方向等。【12题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第二段中的“Itselectivelyabsorbsinfraredradiations(红外线照射)fromthesunlightandcreatesaheatingeffectthatispowerfulenoughtokeepfogawayfromthesurfaceofanobject.(它选择性地吸收太阳光中的红外辐射，并产生一种强大的加热效应，足以使雾远离物体表面。)”可知，这种新涂层通过选择性地吸收太阳光中的红外辐射，来加热涂层，使雾远离。故选D项。【13题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第三段“Previously,productslikeanti-foggingsprayscreateaverythinfilmofwateronthesurfacetoremovefog.Theproblemwithsuchsurfacesispollution.Alongwithwater,thespraysalsoattractdirt,dust,oil,andvariousotherdirtysubstances,andjustalittledirtonthesurfacemakesituseless.However,thenewcoatingrepels(排斥)water.Furthermore,thecoatingissignificantlythinner,whichmakesitmoretransparentaswellasflexible.Itisheatedpassivelyandrequires,duringdaytime,noadditionalenergysource.(以前，像防雾喷雾剂这样的产品会在表面形成一层非常薄的水膜来去除雾。这种表面的问题是污染。除了水，喷雾剂还会吸引污垢、灰尘、油和其他各种脏物质，表面上有一点污垢就没用了。然而，这种新的涂层可以排斥水。此外，涂层明显更薄，这使得它更透明，也更灵活。它是被动加热的，在白天不需要额外的能源。)”可知，本段对比分析了以前防雾产品的缺点和新型涂层的优点，由此可知，作者提到以前的防雾产品，是为了强调新型涂层的优点。故选A项。【14题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第四段中的“However,althoughthisproductcanworkatverylowlevelsofsolarirradiation,itdoesrelyonacertainamountoflight.(然而，尽管这种产品可以在非常低的太阳照射水平下工作，但它确实依赖于一定量的光。)”可知，这种新型涂层需要依赖一定量的太阳光来工作，这是它的不足之处。故选B项。【15题详解】细节理解题。根据文章最后一段“Theresearcherswilldevelopthecoatingfurtherforotherapplications.(研究人员将进一步开发其他用途的涂层。)”可知，研究人员计划进一步开发其他用途的涂层。故选C项。第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Differentparentshavedifferentreactionstolearningthattheirchildrenmightbeexperiencingbullying(欺凌).Somemaybelievethatthebullyingisawayto“toughenthemup”.Othersmightbecomesoangrythattheywanttofacethebulliesthemselvesormaypushtheirchildrentofightback.____16____It’smuchbettertotrytocalmyourselfdownandfindwaystosolvetheproblem.Herearesomesuggestionsthatexpertsrecommend.Talkaboutbullying.Oneofthebestwaystohelpyourbulliedchildistosimplytalkaboutbullying.Notabouttheirbullyspecificallyorthetroublethey’regoingthrough,butwhybullyinghappens,howbulliestypicallywork,andwhattheycandotomakeitstopandhelpothers.Theyalsoneedtounderstandthatbulliesarenevertoblameforbullyingbecausefartoomanyofthemcanfeelguiltyandevenbecomedepressed.____17________18____Alotofkidswon’tbecomfortablecomingtotheirparentsforhelpforavarietyofreasons,soit’simportantthatyoudoeverythingyoucantoshowthemthattalkingtoyouaboutaproblemissomethingsafe.Makesuretheyknowthatyoucareandthatyou’rewillingtolistennomatterwhat,butdon’tpressthemforinformationortheymightretreatfurtherintothemselves.Documenteverything.____19____Schoolauthoritieswilloftenwantproofifyougotothemwithaccusation,andthecourtwillcertainlyneeditifitgetstothepointthatyouneedtomakeitalegalmatter.Justasimportantly,hangingontothingslikee-mailscanreallyhelpifyoursonordaughterisbeingtargetedbyanonymousbullies,becauseauthoritiessometimesusethatinformationtotrackdownthebully.Gotoofficials.Lettingbullyinggotoofarcanleadtoallkindsofpotentialphysicalandpsychologicaldamage.____20____Meetingslikethiscangooneoftwoways—youcanfocusontheproblembyyourselfandmakeactionsagainstthebullies,oryoucanworkwithschoolofficialstostartprogramsthateducatetheirstudentsaboutbullyingandseektocontrolitintheschool.A.Keepaneyeoutforyourchild.B.Makeyourselfavailabletoyourchild.C.Thesechoicesarerarelytherightwaytohandlebullying.D.Sometimesyouhavetogotoschoolofficialstogetitstopped.E.Youhaveanumberofoptionsavailabletoyoudependingonyourpersonality.F.Iftherearerecordsofyourchildbeingbullied,itisvitaltoholdontotheevidence.G.Inthisway,youcanarmyourchildwithinformationtheycanusetosolvetheproblem.【答案】16.C17.G18.B19.F20.D【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。不同的父母在得知孩子可能遭遇欺凌时有不同的反应，文章介绍了一些专家建议的建议。【16题详解】根据上文“Somemaybelievethatthebullyingisawayto“toughenthemup”.Othersmightbecomesoangrythattheywanttofacethebulliesthemselvesormaypushtheirchildrentofightback.(有些人可能认为欺凌是一种“让他们坚强起来”的方式。其他人可能会变得非常愤怒，想要自己面对欺凌者，或者可能会迫使他们的孩子反击)”及下文“It’smuchbettertotrytocalmyourselfdownandfindwaystosolvetheproblem.Herearesomesuggestionsthatexpertsrecommend.(最好是让自己冷静下来，找到解决问题的方法。以下是专家推荐的一些建议)”可知，上文提到的做法并不正确。由此可知，C.Thesechoicesarerarelytherightwaytohandlebullying.(这些选择很少是处理欺凌的正确方式)能够承上启下，符合语境。故选C。【17题详解】根据上文“Theyalsoneedtounderstandthatbulliesarenevertoblameforbullyingbecausefartoomanyofthemcanfeelguiltyandevenbecomedepressed.(他们还需要明白，欺凌者永远不应该因为欺凌而受到指责，因为他们中有太多的人会感到内疚，甚至变得抑郁)”可知，需要让孩子了解一些信息。由此可知，G.Inthisway,youcanarmyourchildwithinformationtheycanusetosolvetheproblem.(通过这种方式，你可以用他们可以用来解决问题的信息武装你的孩子)能够承接上文，符合语境。故选G。【18题详解】根据下文“Alotofkidswon’tbecomfortablecomingtotheirparentsforhelpforavarietyofreasons,soit’simportantthatyoudoeverythingyoucantoshowthemthattalkingtoyouaboutaproblemissomethingsafe.(很多孩子会因为各种各样的原因不愿意向父母寻求帮助，所以你要尽你所能向他们表明，和你谈论问题是安全的，这很重要)”可知，父母要让孩子随时能找你需求帮助。由此可知，B.Makeyourselfavailabletoyourchild.(让你的孩子随时能找你)符合语境。故选B。【19题详解】根据上文“Documenteverything.(记录一切)”及下文“Schoolauthoritieswilloftenwantproofifyougotothemwithaccusation,andthecourtwillcertainlyneeditifitgetstothepointthatyouneedtomakeitalegalmatter.(如果你向学校提出指控，他们通常会要求证据，如果你需要将其列为法律问题，法院当然也会需要证据)”可知，保留证据很重要。由此可知，F.Iftherearerecordsofyourchildbeingbullied,itisvitaltoholdontotheevidence.(如果有你的孩子被欺负的记录，重要的是要抓住证据)能够承上启下，符合语境。故选F。【20题详解】根据上文“Gotoofficials.(去找官员)”及下文“Meetingslikethiscangooneoftwoways—youcanfocusontheproblembyyourselfandmakeactionsagainstthebullies,oryoucanworkwithschoolofficialstostartprogramsthateducatetheirstudentsaboutbullyingandseektocontrolitintheschool.(像这样的会面可以采取两种方式之一——你可以自己关注问题，并对欺凌者采取行动，或者你可以与学校官员合作，启动项目，教育学生有关欺凌的知识，并寻求在学校控制欺凌)”可知，此处在讲述到学校官员那里需求帮助。由此可知，D.Sometimesyouhavetogotoschoolofficialstogetitstopped.(有时你不得不去学校官员那里阻止它)能够承上启下，符合语境。故选D。第三部分语言运用(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出可以填入空自处的最佳选项。ThatyearIwaselevenandinsixthgrade.InWethersfield,allsixth-gradersare____21____totakepartintheR.O.P.E.Program.Itsmain____22____istobelieveyourpeers(同龄人),worktogether,and____23____newadventures.Theseprogramsincludefallingbackwardand____24____peerstocatchyou,workingtogethertofitintoasmallcircleandsomethingofthatkind.Iwasreadytoparticipateinthese____25____.Fallingbackwardandfittingintoasmallcirclewerenothingtome.Crossingoverastreamwithnothingholdingmeupbutaropewasbrave,butIcould____26____it.Finallythedaycamewhenmysixthgradeclasswouldtraveltoclimbandrappel(绕绳下滑)amountaininSouthington.Thosepeoplewhoweretoo____27____wereallowedtopracticeclimbingandrappellingasmallerareaofrocks,butthatwasn’tforme.Icouldclimbthebigmountain.Twentyminuteslater,my____28____arrived.AsIwaswell____29____,Isetoffatonce.Igotaquarterofthewayupbutcouldn’tseemtogetany_____30_____.Itriedandtried.Ibegantoputmyselfdownandcry.Therewasnothingmore_____31_____thanmyclassmateswerelookingatme.AllIkept_____32_____was“Lisa,youcandoit.”“Trytofityourfootinthere._____33_____,Lisa.You’realmostthere.”ItwasthenthatIthoughttomyself,“WhyamIcrying?Icandothis.”Almost_____34_____Iwentongoingupthemountain.WithinfiveminutesIsuccessfully_____35_____ittothetop.21.A.forced B.reported C.required D.reminded22.A.idea B.result C.question D.road23.A.run B.introduce C.experience D.describe24.A.begging B.thinking C.promising D.trusting25.A.lectures B.discussions C.stories D.activities26.A.manage B.discover C.change D.need27.A.motivated B.noisy C.frightened D.annoyed28.A.friend B.turn C.teacher D.day29.A.relaxed B.balanced C.organized D.prepared30.A.quicker B.warmer C.farther D.longer31.A.awkward B.amazing C.annoying D.exciting32.A.shouting B.remembering C.learning D.hearing33.A.Watchout B.Comeon C.Hurryup D.Walkalong34.A.completely B.carefully C.dangerously D.immediately35.A.reached B.made C.got D.took【答案】21.C22.A23.C24.D25.D26.A27.C28.B29.D30.C31.A32.D33.B34.D35.B【解析】【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章介绍了作者参加R.O.P.E项目的爬山活动时，爬了四分之一就爬不动了，班上同学一直鼓励她，最终她爬上了山顶的故事。【21题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：在韦琴斯菲尔德，所有六年级学生都必须参加R.O.P.E.项目。A.forced迫使、强迫；B.reported报道、据说；C.required要求；D.reminded提醒。根据“InWethersfield,allsixth-gradersare____1____totakepartintheR.O.P.E.Program.”可知，应该是所有六年级学生都被“要求”参加R.O.P.E项目，required符合语境。故选C项。【22题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：它的主要思想是要信任同伴、共同合作、历经冒险。A.idea想法、原则、目标；B.result结果；C.question问题、疑问；D.road道路、途径、方法。根据“istobelieveyourpeers(同龄人),worktogether,and____3____newadventures.”可知，这是活动的主要思想，idea符合语境。故选A项。【23题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：它的主要思想是要信任同伴、共同合作、历经冒险。A.run奔跑、跑步；B.introduce介绍、引进；C.experience经历、体会；D.describe描述、形容。根据“newadventures”可知，此处应该指“经历”冒险，experience符合语境。故选C项。【24题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：这些方法包括向后倒，相信同伴会接住你，一起努力融入一个小圈子，诸如此类。A.begging乞求、乞讨；B.thinking认为、思考；C.promising承诺、答应；D.trusting信赖、信任。根据“fallingbackwardand____4____peerstocatchyou”可知，这是一种考验信任的活动，向后倒，相信同伴能接住你，trusting符合语境。故选D项。【25题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我准备参加这些活动。A.lectures讲座；B.discussions讨论；C.stories故事；D.activities活动。根据“Iwasreadytoparticipateinthese____5____.”可知，作者是准备参加上文提到的那些“活动”，activities符合语境。故选D项。【26题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：单绳支撑过河，这很考验勇气，但我能做到。A.manage管理、控制、设法做到；B.discover发现；C.change改变、变化；D.need需要。根据上文的“werenothingtome”和“Crossingoverastreamwithnothingholdingmeupbutaropewasbrave,butIcould____6____it.”可知，向后倒对作者来说不是什么问题，单绳支撑过河虽然考验勇气，但是作者也可以做到，此处manage符合语境。故选A项。【27题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：那些太害怕的人被允许在一小块岩石上练习攀爬和绳降，但那不适合我。A.motivated积极的、主动的；B.noisy嘈杂的、聒噪的；C.frightened受惊的、害怕的；