必修一Unit 1 写作与阅读（教师版）

Unit1写作与阅读应用文写作——建议信本单元的写作任务是应用文类别中的“建议信”。建议信是就某件事情向收信人提出建议或给出忠告。有可能是写给个人的，也有可能是写给某个机构或组织的。而高考英语试题中书面表达一般都要求写私人信件，私人信件是指亲朋好友或同事之间的来往信件，通常包括五部分，即信头、称呼、正文、结束语和签名。一、基本结构1．开头(beginning)——开门见山，向对方陈述自己的观点(stateyouridea)。2．主体(body)——对所提出的问题进行分析并说明理由，接着提出自己的建议(reasonsandsuggestions)。3．结尾(ending)——呼应开头，重申观点(restateyouropinion)。二、注意事项1．写作文体：建议信属于应用文，但高考中一般都会给出书信的格式。2．主体时态：文章通常以一般现在时和一般将来时为主，也可以根据需要适当使用其他时态。3．主体人称：由于是给对方提建议，所以人称主要为第一人称和第二人称。一、开头常用语1．Thankyouverymuchforyourletter!来信已收到，甚为感谢！2．Iknowyouarenowhavingtroublecommunicatingwithothers,andyoumayoftenfeellonely.我知道你现在在与人交流方面有些麻烦，你也可能经常感到孤独。3．I'mgladtoreceiveyourletteraskingformyadviceon很高兴收到你就……征求建议的来信。4．Herearesometips/afewsuggestionstohelpyou.这里是对你有帮助的一些建议。二、正文常用语1．Isuggestyoudo...我建议你做……2．Ithinkyoushould...我认为你应该……3．I'msureyouwill...我认为你会……4．AsfarasIamconcerned/Inmyopinion,youshould...就我而言/在我看来，你应该……三、结尾常用语1．Thanksforreadingmyletter.Idohopeyouwillconsidermysuggestions.谢谢你看我的信。我希望你会考虑我的建议。2．Ibelievethatifyoufollowmyadvice,you'llgetalongwellwithyourclassmates.我相信，如果你听从我的建议，你会和同学们相处得很好。3．Ihopeyouwillfindthesesuggestionspractical/useful/helpful.我希望你会发现这些建议实用/有用。假设你是李华，你的英国朋友Susan在交友方面有些困难。请根据下面提示给她写一封信。1．要交朋友首先要做一个朋友；2．要和朋友同甘共苦；患难之中的朋友才是真朋友；3．友谊需要时间和投入。注意：1.词数100左右；2．开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。DearSusan，Yours，LiHua【答案】DearSusan，Iamsorrytoknowthatyouarehavingtroubleinmakingfriends.However,thesituationiseasytochangeifyoutakemyadvice.Herearesometipstohelpyou.Tobeginwith,whynotbeafriendfirstifyouwanttomakefriends?Inaddition，wouldn'titbeagoodideaifyousharehappinessandsorrowwithyourfriend?Justasasayinggoes,“Afriendinneedisafriendindeed.”Lastbutnotleast,itwouldbeagoodideaifyouputyourheartintomakingfriends.Itiswell­knowntousallthatfriendshipcallsfortimeandeffort.Ihopeyouwillfindtheseideasuseful.Yours，LiHua总评本文作者经过精巧的构思，设计了写作的切入点，能够用简洁明快的语言囊括试题中要求表达的所有信息。语言表达灵活，不是单纯地罗列题干所要求的几个注意事项。内容连贯自然，条理清楚，结构清晰，灵活地使用了连接词和过渡语；语言诚恳而且正式，完全符合信件的格式。全文体现了作者较强的语言运用能力。[亮点呈现](1)灵活准确地使用大量短语：havetroubleindoingsth.“做某事有麻烦(困难)”；takeone'sadvice“采纳某人的建议”；tobeginwith“首先，起初”；inaddition“另外，除此之外”；lastbutnotleast“最后，但同样重要的”；putone'sheartinto“全身心地投入”，这体现了作者深厚的语言功底。(2)Justasasayinggoes,“Afriendinneedisafriendindeed.”此谚语运用地道、准确。(3)第二段多处使用if引导的条件状语从句，使句式结构复杂多变。阅读天天练阅读理解AThismonthinTravelersCornertherearethreeteenagers'experiencesinyear­abroadprogrammes.Mariko_Okada—TokyoMyyearabroadintheUnitedStateswasafantasticeq\a\vs4\al(W1)experience.I'mnotashyperson,andIwasverycomfortablespeakingtoeveryone.SoIgotlotsofspeakingpractice.IalsolearnedlotsofinterestingthingsaboutAmericanculture.WhenIgothome,myfriendsallsaidthatIhadimprovedsomuch!Ihopetogobackagaininthefuture.Carla_Fonseca—Rio_de_JaneiroIspentlastyearstudyingEnglishinLondon.I'mfromasmalltown,andLondonisaverybigcity.SometimesIfeltitwastoobig.Thereweresomanypeopletotalkto,butIalwaysfeltbadaboutmyEnglish.Imissedmyfamily,andIreallymissedmytwocats.Myroommateeq\a\vs4\al(W2)wasalwaysusingourtelephone,soIhardlyhadthechanceforeq\a\vs4\al(P)anicelongtalkwithmyparents.Ithinkitwasagoodexperienceforme,butI'mgladtobehome!Alvin_Chen—Hong_KongStudyinginNewZealandwasaninterestingexperienceforme,butitwasalsolotsofhardwork!IhadEnglishclassessixhoursaday,fivedaysaweek—withlotsofhomework.Ialsokeptadiaryofmyexperience.Iliketowrite,andIwrotetwoorthreepagesinmydiaryeveryday.OnSaturdays,myhomestayfamilytookmetolotsofinterestingplacesandshowedmesomanywonderfulthingsabouttheculture.I'mreallygladIwent！篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了三个青少年为期一年在国外的学习经历。1．Allthethreeteenagerswentabroad________.A．tohaveaholiday B．tovisitfriendsC．tostudyEnglish D．tofindajobC【解析】细节理解题。根据“MarikoOkada—Tokyo...SoIgotlotsofspeakingpractice...CarlaFonseca—RiodeJaneiroIspentlastyearstudyingEnglishinLondon...AlvinChen—HongKong...IhadEnglishclassessixhoursaday,fivedaysaweek”描述，可知这三个人都是去国外学英语。故选C。2．Whodidn'treallyenjoythestayinaforeigncountryverymuch?A．Carla. B．Mariko.C．Alvin. D．Noneofthem.A【解析】细节理解题。根据“CarlaFonseca—RiodeJaneiro...Imissedmyfamily,andIreallymissedmytwocats.”及该段最后一句中的“butI'mgladtobehome”描述，可知卡拉不太喜欢待在外国。故选A。3．TravelersCornerismostprobably________.A．asportsclubnewsletterB．asciencedocumentaryC．anewswebsiteD．atravelmagazineD【解析】推理判断题。联系文章开头的“threeteenagers'experiencesinyear­abroadprogrammes”描述可知，TravelersCorner可能是一本关于旅行的杂志。故选D。BNowadays,manykidsaren'tinterestedinasummercampthatinvolveseq\a\vs4\al(W1)paddlingeq\a\vs4\al(W2)acanoeorsingingcampfiresongs.Butthatdoesn'tmeansummercampisoutaltogether.Fortunately,therearesummercampsthatwillsuitalmostanyteenager'stastes.And,manyofthemprovideopportunitiestopreparethemfortheirfutureaspirations.HollywoodStunteq\a\vs4\al(W3)CampAteenagerwholovesadventureandmoviesmayenjoyit.Teenagerslearnavarietyofeq\a\vs4\al(P1)stunts,includinghowtoperforminaflightsceneandjumpofftallbuildings.TheyalsogainanunderstandingofhowHollywoodstarsperformavarietyoftrickswithoutgettinginjured.Eachcampergetstoperformstuntsforanoriginalfilmandparticipateineq\a\vs4\al(P2)aweeklyshowduringtheone­ortwo­weekcamp.KidsComedyCampKidsagedbetween10and18canspendtwoweeksatGothamComedyClubinNewYorkCitytolearnaboutcomedy.Attheendofthetwoweeksofholidaycamp,thekidswillperformaliveshow.Ifyou'vegotanaspiringonyourhands，thiscamphasalottooffer.RockStarCampIfyourteen'sanaspiringmusician,rockstarcampmaybeafunopportunitytolearnandplay.LocatedinRunningSprings,itprovidesinstructionsforaspiringmusiciansonhowtoimprovetheirskillsandtheirperformances.AllcampersreturnhomewithaCDoftheirownmusic.CampBizSmartItteacheskidstheskillsnecessarytooperateabusiness.Kidslearnabouteverythingfrompublicspeakingtonegotiationeq\a\vs4\al(W4).Theywillworktogetheronreal­lifeprojectsandbusinesscasesfor10days.EachcampsessiontakesplaceinCalifornia.篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了四个不同的夏令营及这些夏令营对孩子们的不同帮助，父母们可以通过这篇文章选择适合他们孩子的夏令营来提高孩子的能力。1．Theunderlinedword“aspirations”inthefirstparagraphcanbereplacedby________.A．reputations B．determinationsC．ambitions D．imaginationsC【解析】词义猜测题。根据第一段中的“Fortunately,therearesummercampsthatwillsuitalmostanyteenager'stastes.And,manyofthemprovideopportunitiestopreparethemfortheirfutureaspirations.”可知夏令营几乎适合任何青少年，并且可以为他们以后想要从事的职业以及他们的雄心壮志做准备，由此推知“aspirations”指的是青少年们的雄心，故选C。2．InHollywoodStuntCamp,kidswill________.A．betaughtbyfamousHollywoodfilmstarsB．beabletoseetheHollywoodfilmsforfreeC．participateintheweeklyshowatleastthreetimesD．learnsomethrillingperformanceskillsinfilmsD【解析】细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Teenagerslearnavarietyofstunts,includinghowtoperforminaflightsceneandjumpofftallbuildings.TheyalsogainanunderstandingofhowHollywoodstarsperformavarietyoftrickswithoutgettinginjured.”可知在好莱坞特技营里，孩子们会学习一些电影中的惊险的特技表演技巧，故选D。3．WhatisspecialaboutCampBizSmartaccordingtothetext?A．Itisaimedataged11to15.B．Itisaimedatimprovingkids'businessskills.C．Participantsworkonreal­lifeprojects.D．Participantscanalsolearnperformanceskillsthere.B【解析】细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“Itteacheskidstheskillsnecessarytooperateabusiness.Kidslearnabouteverythingfrompublicspeakingtonegotiation.Theywillworktogetheronreal­lifeprojectsandbusinesscasesfor10days.”可知在BizSmart中孩子们会学习一些做生意的必要的技能，它可以提高孩子们的商业技能，故选B。4．Thistextisprobablyintendedfor________.A．engineers B．teachersC．musicians D．parentsD【解析】推理判断题。通读全文可知本文作者主要向我们介绍了一些对孩子们有不同作用的夏令营，因此可推知本文是为父母写的，故选D。语法填空1Haveyouhadaheadacheduringatest?Haveyoueverbeen__1__worriedaboutsomethingthatyouhaveaheadacheorevencan'tsleepatnight?Ifso,thenyouknow__2__stressis.Somekindsofstresscanhelpyougetthings__3__(do)better,likewhenyouarerunningtowardsthefinishinglineorwhenyou__4__(ask)togiveaspeechtoyourclass.Stresscanhelppushyoutomakefull__5__(prepare)foratest.However,toomuchstresscanresultinanger,depressionandotherproblems,whichweneedtotake__6__(serious)．Therearemanythingsinourlife__7__mightcausestress—havingtoomuchhomework,takingahardtest,__8__havingeconomicproblems.Itisimpossibletolivealifecompletelyfreeofstress,soyoushouldlearntodealwithstress.Thebestway__9__(reduce)stressistohavea__10__(balance)life.Ifyougetenoughsleepandhaveenoughfuntime,youwillfeellessstressed.篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。文章作者主要讲了造成压力的原因与压力的两面性，并说明了如何减压。1．so【解析】考查固定句型。句意：你是否曾经很担心一些事情，以至于头疼甚至晚上睡不着觉。so...that“太……以至于”，是固定句型，所以填so。2．what【解析】考查宾语从句的连接词。__2__stressis作动词know的宾语，是一个宾语从句，该空引导宾语从句且在从句中作表语，意为“什么”，故填what。3．done【解析】考查非谓语动词。有些压力能帮助你把事情做得更好。“things”和“do”之间是被动关系，故用getsth.done结构，所以填done。4．areasked【解析】考查动词的时态和语态。“you”和“ask”之间是被动关系，用被动语态，描述一个客观的事实，用一般现在时，所以填areasked。5．preparations【解析】考查固定短语。句意：压力能够逼迫你为考试充分地做准备。makepreparationsfor“为……准备”，是固定短语，所以填preparations。6．seriously【解析】考查词性转换。句意：然而，过多的压力会导致愤怒、沮丧和其他的一些问题，这些我们需要严肃地对待。take是动词，需要用副词修饰，所以填seriously。7．that/which【解析】考查定语从句。句意：在我们生活中，有许多造成压力的事情——太多的家庭作业，参加很难的考试，或者是有一些经济问题。设空处引导定语从句，修饰manythings，且关系词在从句中作主语，指物，所以填that/which。8．or【解析】考查连词。句意：在我们生活中，有许多造成压力的事情——太多的家庭作业，参加很难的考试，或者是有一些经济问题。题干中意思是“或者……”，故填or。9．toreduce【解析】考查非谓语动词。由only,last,next序数词或形容词最高级修饰的名词后常用不定式作定语，所以填toreduce。10．balanced【解析】考查词性转换。life是名词，用形容词修饰名词，所以填balanced。语法填空2Ihave__1__warmstorytosharewithyou.AschoolinSanFrancisconotonlyacceptedadeafstudent,butalso__2__(teach)theentireclasssignlanguagetoallowthemtobettercommunicatewithhim.The__3__(move)storybeganinSeptemberlastyearwhenawomanaskedtheprimaryschoolinherneighborhood__4__(accept)hersix－year－oldson,James,__5__hasahearingdisability.Theteacher,Lily,agreedalmostimmediately,but__6__thefirstdayofschool,shenoticedJames__7__(sit)allbyhimself,unabletocommunicatewithanyofhisclassmates.Dete