2024-2025学年新教材高中英语UNIT4NaturaldisastersSectionⅠListeningandSpeaking知能演练轻松闯关新人教版必修第一册

PAGE1-SectionⅠListeningandSpeakingeq\a\vs4\al(Ⅰ)阅读理解AThetroublestartedat9：30pmlastNewYear’sEve,inNewmark．Whenthefireengines(消防车)arrivedatthefire,averyoldwomanwassittinginathirdfloorwindow．Thefirefightersplacedaladder(梯子)againstthewoodenhouse,and26－year－oldMarcusReddickclimbed35feettothethirdfloor．Thewoman,60yearsoldandveryfat,wassittingwithbothfeetoutofthewindow．WhenMarcusreachedthetopoftheladder,thewoman,afraidandnervous,puthertwolegsaroundhim．SuddenlyMarcusfellbackwardsofftheladder,withthelargewomansittingonhim．Marcuslandedfirst—hittingawallbesidethefrontstairs—andbrokethewoman’sfall．Shefellnomore,buthefellanothertenfeetdownthestairs．Whenthefireofficerreachedhim,Marcuswasunconscious．Withinanhour,adoctortoldthementhatMarcuswasnearlybraindead,andwouldonlygetworse．Doctorstalkedofturningoffthelife－savingmachineandaskedifthefamilywouldliketogiveawayhisheart．Theanswerwas“yes”．OnJanuary6,firefightersliftedMarcus’coffin(棺材)—coveredwithanAmericanflag—ontoayellowfireengine．Hundredsoffirefightersfromalloverthestatejoinedtheprocession(行列)throughNewmarkstreets．Childrenwatchedsilentlyfromschoolwindows．ThedayMarcusdied,hisheartwasgivenawaytoayounggirl．HisfamilysaidthatitwasthesecondlifeMarcushadsaved．【解题导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲解并描述了一位消防员在救人的过程中不幸牺牲的故事。1．WhathappenedlastNewYear’sEveinNewmark?A．Anoldwomanwaskilled．B．Afireenginewasmissing．C．Afirefighterwasmurdered．D．Awoodenhousecaughtfire．D解析：细微环节理解题。由第一段中的thefireengines(消防车)arrivedatthefire和Thefirefightersplacedaladder(梯子)againstthewoodenhouse可知，一座木制房屋着火了，故选D项。2．Afterreachingthetopoftheladder,Marcus________．A．wasveryafraidandnervousB．couldn’tseeanythingclearlyC．founditdifficulttogetdownD．wasknockedoffandgothurtD解析：细微环节理解题。由其次段中的Marcusfellbackwardsofftheladder和第三段中的adoctortoldthementhatMarcuswasnearlybraindead可知，Marcus从梯子上摔下来后受了重伤，故选D项。3．Theunderlinedword“unconscious”inParagraph2means“________”．A．homeless B．senselessC．breathless D．helplessB解析：词义揣测题。由第三段中的Withinanhour,adoctortoldthementhatMarcuswasnearlybraindead可知，Marcus当时失去了意识，故选B项。4．WecaninferfromtheendofthetextthatMarcus’familymightfeel________．A．sadbutproudB．shybutexcitedC．angryanddoubtfulD．worriedandsurprisedA解析：推理推断题。由最终一段中的ThedayMarcusdied,hisheartwasgivenawaytoayounggirl．HisfamilysaidthatitwasthesecondlifeMarcushadsaved．可推知，Marcus的家人对他的离世感到很难过，不过对于将他的心脏捐赠给一个女孩这件事感到很骄傲，故选A项。BAseriesofsmallearthquakeshaveshakencentralNebraskaandbecomethetalkofthearea．Accordingtotheinformationonawebsite,therehavebeenseveralquakessincethe9ththismonthintheheartofthestate,centeredonthetownArnold,whichisabout225mileswestofthecapitalLincoln．Thefirst,a3．3­magnitude(震级)quake,happenedearlythatmorning,followedbythreeonthefollowingday,anotheronSunday,andthenthemostrecentearthquakeonMonday．Thestrongestquakewasthefirstonethatstruckonthe10th,whichreachedamagnitudeof3．7．Theearthquakeswerefoundaboutthreemilesbelowthesurface．Therehaven’tbeenanyreportsofhumaninjuryordamageofbuildingscausedbythequakes,accordingtoKWBE,aradiostation．“Itisjustkindofstrange，”BeckyDailey,treasureroftheArnoldChamberofCommerce,toldthatstation,addingthatpeoplearoundtownarerunningaroundandtalkingaboutthefrequentquakes．Actuallysmallquakeslikethesearenotunusual．JusttwominutesbeforeNebraska’smostrecentearthquake,aseparateoneshookacityintheDominicanRepublic,reachingamagnitudeof2．5．Acoupleofhourslater,a2．7­magnitudeearthquakehitanareanearAguanga,inSouthernCalifornia’sRiversideCounty．ThereweretwomorethatdayindifferentareasofPuertoRico:a2．9­magnitudequakeanda3．1­magnitudequake．Thosewereallsmall,butstrongerquakesregularlyrocktheworld—justnotsooften．Earthquakesareusuallycausedwhenrockundergroundsuddenlybreaks．Thissuddenreleaseofenergycausesthewavesthatmakethegroundshake．Twoblocksofrockortwoplatesarerubbing(摩擦)againsteachother．Afterawhile,therocksbreakbecauseofallthepressurethatisbuiltup．Whentherocksbreak,theearthquakehappens．【解题导语】本文是一篇说明文。在美国的内布拉斯加州一连发生了六次小地震，本文介绍了这些地震的相关状况。5．WhatdoweknowaboutthequakesinNebraska?A．Thereweresixquakesinall．B．Theyallhappenedwithin24hours．C．TheywerecenteredonthecapitalLincoln．D．Thebiggestonereachedamagnitudeof4．0．A解析：细微环节理解题。依据第一段的“Thefirst,a3．3­magnitude(震级)quake,happenedearlythatmorning,followedbythreeonthefollowingday,anotheronSunday,andthenthemostrecentearthquakeonMonday．”可知，一共爆发了六次小地震。6．AccordingtoKWBE,thequakesinNebraskamostprobably________．A．causedmanybuildingstofallB．causeddamagetothecropsC．werenotfeltbythelocalsD．werenotdangerousD解析：推理推断题。依据第一段的“Therehaven’tbeenanyreportsofhumaninjuryordamageofbuildingscausedbythequakes,accordingtoKWBE”可知，这些小地震都不危急。7．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“It”inParagraph2mostprobablymean?A．Thatnohumangotinjuredinthequakes．B．Thatquakeshappenedtheresofrequently．C．Thatanearthquaketookplaceinthestate．D．Thatpeoplekepttalkingaboutthequakes．B解析：代词指代题。依据画线词后面的“．．．addingthatpeoplearoundtownarerunningaroundandtalkingaboutthefrequentquakes．”可知，“It”指的是频繁发生地震的现象。这种现象在BeckyDailey看来是很惊奇的。8．WhatdoestheauthorwanttoshowbymentioningthequakesinParagraph2?A．Somanyquakeshappenedonthe9th．B．Smallquakescanbeeasiertofindnow．C．Nobigearthquakeshappenedthesedays．D．Smallquakesareactuallyverycommon．D解析：写作意图题。依据其次段的“Actuallysmallquakeslikethesearenotunusual．”可知，后面提到那些小地震都是为了证明这一点。CBeccawas6whenshewastoldshehadcanceronSept．8，2014．Sheclearlyremembersthebaddaysofher26monthsofnon－stoptreatment．Luckily,BeccacelebratedherfinaltreatmentonNov．13，2024,andshehasbeencancer－freeeversince．Butshewasthinkingaboutwhatherlifewaslikewhileexperiencingtreatment．Iwasneverabletodomuch,andthat’swhatthekidslyingintheirhospitalbedsrightnowexperience,askingtheirmomanddad,“Whenareweleaving?WhencanIplaywithmyfriends？”SoIdecidedIhavetohelpthem．InFebruary,2024,BeccacameupwiththeideaforKnotsandArrows,acompanythatmakesbracelets(手镯)outofswimsuitmaterials(泳衣布料)．Partofthemoneymadefromeachbraceletgoestotheorganizationsthathelppeoplewithcancer．Beccacreatedthecompanywithherfather,GerhardSalmins．GerhardSalminsoncehadcancerandalreadyrecoveredfromit．“Iwouldbeinthehospitalsittingtherecryingandthenmydadwouldcomeinandhewouldplaygameswithme，”shesaid．“ItmademeforgetaboutwhatIwasgoingthrough．”Beccasaidthenameoftheorganizationshowsthemotto(座右铭)shestucktothroughherpersonalcancerjourney．Herorganizationhasalreadygiventhousandsofdollarstoresearchorganizationsandfamiliesinneed．Beccasaidshehopesherbraceletswillmakepeoplerememberthatgreatthingscanresultfromsmallchanges．“Nomatterwhatageyouare,whatyoulooklike,howyouact,youcanmakeadifference！”shesaid．【解题导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲解并描述了小女孩Becca胜利战胜了癌症病魔，之后又创办手镯公司帮助其他癌症患者的故事。9．WhathappenedtoBeccaattheendof2024?A．Sherecoveredfromcancer．B．Shecreatedanorganization．C．Sheraisedalotofmoney．D．Shewashelpedbyacompany．A解析：细微环节理解题。依据第一段可知，Becca与癌症搏斗了26个月后最终在2024年11月13日战胜病魔，所以她在2024年年底时已完全康复。10．WhatdoweknowaboutBecca’sfather?A．HeshowedBeccaafamousmotto．B．Hefoughtoffcancersuccessfully．C．HeadvisedBeccatoforgetherpain．D．HenamedthecompanyKnotsandArrows．B解析：细微环节理解题。依据第四段中的GerhardSalminsoncehadcancerandalreadyrecoveredfromit．可知，Becca的父亲曾经患过癌症，现在已经痊愈。11．WhichofthefollowingwordscanbestdescribeBecca?A．Brave． B．Creative．C．Caring． D．Clever．C解析：推理推断题。Becca建立公司筹钱给探讨机构和有须要的家庭，由此可知，Becca是一个关切他人的人。12．InBecca’sopinion,what’sthemeaningofherbracelets?A．Totellushavingamottoisimportant．B．Toprovecancercanbegotoversuccessfully．C．Toshowthere’salwayssomeonewhoneedshelp．D．Tomakeusrealizeeveryonecanmakeadifference．D解析：推理推断题。依据最终一段最终两句可知，Becca认为她的手镯的意义在于让我们相识到每个人都有影响力。eq\a\vs4\al(Ⅱ)七选五Jogging,theactivityofrunningslowly,isgoodforyourhealthinmanyways．Itisagreatwaytogetoutdoors,getsomefreshairandgetyourselfinshape．However,itcancausekneeinjury．Accordingtosportsmedicineexperts,asmanyas70%ofalljoggersgettheirkneesinjuredatsomepointduringtheirlives．1．________Herearethreetipsforpreventingkneeinjuries．2．________Joggersneedtopayattentiontothenutrition(养分)theytakein．Forexample,expertssuggestthatadultstakeinatleast1，000mgofcalcium(钙)everydaybyeatingdarkgreenvegetablesormilkproducts．Buytherightshoes．Youcan’tjudgeapairofshoessimplybyitscolor,styleorprice．3．________Somepeople,whohavewidefeetforexample,requirespecialsizes．Soyouhadbetterlookforshoesaccordingtoyourfoottype．Besides,buyyourshoesahalfsizeb