2022-2023学年安徽省皖江联考高三（上）第一次月考英语试卷（附答案详解）

2022.2023学年安徽省皖江联考高三(上)第一次月考英语试卷

一、阅读理解(本大题共15小题，共30.0分)

A

Cultureupyourdaywithoutleavingthecomfortofyourhomewiththesefreeonlinemuseumtours

fromaroundtheworld.

Rijksmuseum

TheRijksmuseuminAmsterdamofNetherlandsisoneoftheleadingmuseumsinEuropeofferinga

richvarietyofonlineresourcesAtthecenterofitshomeservicesliestheRijkstudio,whichallov/syouto

diveintothemuseum'svastcollectionof707,967worksofart.TheDiscoverMasterpiecesvirtualtour

takesyouthroughthemostprizedexhibitsoftheDutchmuseum.Among(hemostfamousartworksis

Rembrandt'sNightWatch.Takeafreeonline(ourofthemuseumthroughGoogle'sArtandCultureproject.

ReinaSofia

Ifyoulike20th-centurySpanishartistslikePabloPicassoandSalvadorDali,(hentheReinaSofiain

MadridofSpainisthemuseumforyou.ReinaSofia'sRethinkingGuernicaisanonlinespacedevotedto

materialrelatedtoPicasso'smasterpieceGuernica.Also,themuseum'sGigapixelisaprojectoftennga

selectionofhi-resolutionartworksbyartistslikeDali,Miro,Mason,Picasso,Santos,andmore.

Brazil'sNationalMuseum

Brazil'sNationalMuseuminRiodeJaneirofeaturesover30i).00()itemsaboutBrazilianhistory.lt

storedimportantobjectsliketheroyalchairofDomPedroHI(1825-1891),aswellashandwritten

documents,watercolourpaintingsandphotographs.ltmadeheadlinesin2018whenagoodpartofits

buildingwasdestroyedinafire.However,thankstoaGoogleArtsandCulturevirtualtour,youcanstill

travelinspaceandtimetotakeavirtuallookatthemuseumanditscollectionsbeforethedestructionof

2018.

TheLouvreMuseum

TheLouvre'sPetiteGallerieoffersvirtualtoursinthefamousmuseumofParisinFrance.Youcanalso

watch800YearsofHistory,ashortdocumentaryonthehistoryofihemuseum,oraseriesofYouTube

videosofferingguidedtours.Inaddition,theLouvreoffersaVRexperienceofLeonardodaVinci'sthe

MonaLisa.

1.WhosemasterpiececanbeseeninAmsterdam?

A.LeonardodaVinci's.B.Rembrandt's.

C.SalvadorDali's.D.DomPedroUTs.

2.InwhichonlinemuseumisGuernicadisplayed?

A.Rijksmuscum.B.ReinaSofia.

C.Brazil'sNationalMuseum.D.TheLouvreMuseum.

3.WhatisuniqueaboutBrazil'sNationalMuseum?

A.Ithasthebiggestcollectionofitems.

B.Itsufferedatotaldestructioninafire.

C.ItcanbeenvisitedthroughGoogle'sArtandCulture.

D.Itscompleteoriginalcollectioncanonlybeseenonline.

B

"I'mAllGrownNowPapa"tellsaheartfeltstoryaboutalovableyoungboygrowingupintherural

mountainsofHaiti,addressingaseriesofquestionstohisfatherinheaven,whopassedawaywhenhewas

only1monthold.Hisgrandmotlicr,Grann,hastoldhimsomanystoriesabouthisfatherandthestriking

similaritybetweenthetwoevenataveryyoungage.Theboyupdateshisfatherof（hedynamicsaroundthe

family,theirstruggle,theirpain,theirjoybutmostimportantlyhiseffortstobeagoodboy,takingcare

ofGrannandhismotherinhisfather'sabsence,"FmAllGrownNowPapa"alsoshowshowdifficultitis

forsomeboysandgirlsincertainpailsoftheworldtoreceiveaneducationandrealizetheirdrcams.Allof

theemotionsandnaturalbeautyofthemountainsarcbeautifullyinterpretedthroughtheillustrationsofa

giftedHaitianartist.

Intheheartbreakingaccoun:ofayoungboyspeakingtoafathernolongerwithhim,"I'mAllGrown

NowPapa"iswrittenthroughtheeyesoftheauthorofthebook,ClaudeLouis,inajourneythroughhis

ownyoungchildhoodinHaiti.ClaudeLouishighlightscharmingvillagelifeandtheundeniableloveofhis

'Grann'."I'mAllGrownNowPapa"attractsmoreprivilegedchildrenandtheirparentstogetinvolvedin

providingmuchneededaidandopportunityforthoselessfortunate.

Insimplebutvividlanguage,ClaudeLouisdrawsthereadersintohisworld.Thewonderful

synchronicity（同步）ofwordsandimagesseizesthelifeofClaudeLouisperfectly,ashislivedlifeis

inlinewithhisthoughtsofhisfather,whoremainsaconstantccmpaniontohissoneveryfromtheheaven,

thankstohismemory,whichiskeptaliveby'Grann',whoremindshimto'lookintoabucketofwater'

wheneverheasksabouthisPapa.Louisexpertlyweavesthevalueofeducationintohisstory,andits

importanceeveninthefaceofmakingalivingdespitehardship.Hisfirmbeliefisdelicatelyseizedinthe

lastillustration,thatofhisgrowingself,gaininginfameandinacquirement,allthewhilemoving

symbolicallyclosertohisFather.

4.Howdoestheboyfrecuentlykeepintouchwithhisfatherinheaven?

A.ByaskingGranntolell(hestoryofthepast.

B.Bysendinghisfatherpicturesofhishometown.

C.Bytellinghisfatherthelatestnewsabouthisfamily.

D.Byfindingsimilaritiesbetweenhimselfandhisfather.

5.Whatisthesecondparagraphmainlyabout?

A.Thethemeofthebook.

B.Thebackgroundofthestory.

C.ThelifejourneyofaHaitianboy.

D.Thewritingtechniqueofthenovel.

6.WhaidoestheauthorthinkofLouis'writingstyle?

A.Complex.B.Average.C.Conservative.D.Admirable.

7.Whatisthetext?

A.Anewsreport.B.Abookreview.

C.Achildren'sstory.D.Adiaryentry.

c

Researchersrecentlyofferedthemostcompleteexaminationyetofthehistoryofpcnguins.Thcysaid

penguinscamefromacommonancestorsharedwithagroupofseabirdslikealbatrosses.Penguinsfirst

developedtheabilitytodive,andthenlosttheabilitytoflyastheyadaptedtowater.

Theearliest-knownpenguiniscalledWaimanumanneringi,fromNewZealand.ltisbelievedtohave

lived61millionyearsago.Penguinslivemainlyinthesouthern.TheGalapagospenguinistheonlyone

foundnorthoftheequator(赤道).DanielKsepkaoftheBruceMuseuminGreenwich,Connecticut,

is(heco-writerofthestudythatwaspublishedinNatureCommunications.Ksepkanotedthatpenguinsare

appealinganimals.Hcaddedthatthey"arcinterestinglycharmingcrcaturcs.Thcylove,theyfight,they

steal,andbecauseoftheirfunnyuprightposture,it'sreallyeasytoimaginethemhavingailthesame

motivationsaspeople."

Thestudyproposesthatchangesinworldtemperaturesandinmajoroceancurrentshavebeen

importantdriversofpenguinevolution.TheUniversityofCopenhagen'sTheresaColewasthestudy'slead

writcr.Colcsaidtheresearchfoundanumberofgeneslikelyinvolvedinphysicalchangesknownas

adaptations.

Suchadaptationsincludegenetransformsthatshiftthewaypenguinsseetheworld.Penguins'visionis

moresensitivetowardtheblueendofthecolorspectrum（光谱）.Bluelightgoesmoredeeplyintothe

oceanthanlightattheredendofthespectrum.Genesthathelpbirdsdetectsaltyandsourtastesareactive

inpenguins.Butgenesthathelpdetectbitterandsweettastesbecomeinactive.Thosemaynolongerbe

neededaspenguinsfindfoodincold,saltywaterandusuallyswallowthewholefish.Penguinsshow

changesintheirwingbonesandareductionoftheirflightfeathers.Penguinsalsohavereducedairspaces

intheboneandtheabilitytostoremoreoxygenintheirmusclesfbrlongdives.

8.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"hemisphere"inparagraph2mean?

A.Deepocean.B.Halfglobe.C.Earth'spole.D.Largeland.

9.Whichofthefollowingmakespeopletend（oimaginepenguinssharinghuman'sinnerdesires?

A.Penguins'behaviors.B.Penguins'appearances.

C.Penguins1habitats.D.Penguins'characters.

10.Whatmainlycausepenguinstodevelop?

A.Interactionswithhumans.

B.Competitionswithotheranimals.

C.Changesofgeographicalenvironment.

D.Physicaluiiangcsfromgeneliansfonns.

11.Whatispresentedinthelastparagraph?

A.Whatdamagepenguins*genes.

B.Whypenguinschangetheirbody.

C.Howpenguinssurvivebyadaptions.

D.Howpenguinsaredistinguishedfromotheranimals.

D

In1985,16-ycar-oldDouglasCasa,ranthechampionship10,（X）0metertrackraceattheEmpireState

Gamcs.Suddcnly,withjust200meterstogo,hecollapsed,gotbackupandthencollapsedagainonthe

finalstraightaway,withhisbodytemperatureatdangerouslevels.Hehadsufferedanexertionalheat

stroke（运动型中暑）.Fortunately,withimmediateandpropertreatment,hesurvivedthepotentially

deadlystage.

Exertionalheatstrokeiscausedbysevereexerciseintheheat,andisoneofthetopthreekillersof

athletesandsoldiersintraining.Whenyouexercise,nearly80%oftheenergyyouuseistransformedinto

heat.Innormalcircumstances,yourbodycangiveofftheheatasquicklyasit'sgcncratcdthroughcooling

methodsliketheevaporation（蒸发）ofsweat.Butwithsevereheatstress,yourbodyisunabletolose

enoughheatduetotoomuchexercise,whichraisesyourcoretemperaturebeyondnormallevels.Thecells

nolongerfunctionproperlyandbegintoleaktheircontents.Iftheseleakycellsincreaserapidlythrough

thebody,theresultscanbedestructive.

Sohowdoyoujudgeanexertionalheatstroke?Themaincriterionisacorebodytemperaturegreater

than40℃observedalongwithphysicalsignsofcentralnervoussystemdisordersuchasveryconfusing

behaviorsorevenlossof（heirsenseofself.

Asfarastreatmentgoes,themostimportantthingtorememberiscoolfirst,transportsecond.It's

essentialtostartrapidcoolingonsiteinordertoloweritasquicklyaspossible.Afteranyathleticor

protectivedevicehasbeenremovedfromthevictim,placetheminanicewatercontainer,coolingasmuch

surfaceareaaspossible.Butbeforeyoustartanything.cmcrgcncyservicesshouldbecalled.

Thesunisknownforgivinglife,butitcanalsotakelifeawayifwe'renotcareful.Butalthough

exerionalheatstrokeisoneofthetopthreeleadingcausesofdeathinsports,ithasbeen100%survivable

withpropercare.

12.Whatisthefunctionofthefirstparagraph?

A.Totellastoiy.B.Topresentfindings.

C.Toputforwardatheory.D.Toleadtothemaintopic.

13.Whatwillhappentoover-exerciseinextremelyhotweather?

A.Therewillbeminorphysicalandmentalinjury.

B.Theheatinthebodywillbereleasedwithsweat.

C.Misfunetioningcellswilldamagethebodyseriously.

D.Highbodytemperaturewillresultinsweatingmore.

14.Whatisthefirststeptosaveapersonsufferinganexertionalheatstroke?

A.Rushhimtothehospital.

B.Calltheemergencyservices.

C.Coolhimdownwithcoldwater.

D.Taketheequipmentofftheperson.

15.Whichofthefollowingreflectsthestatementaboutthesuninthelastparagraph?

A.Timetriesallthings.B.Everycoinhastwosides.

C.Neverjudgebyappearances.D.Keepsomethingforarainyday.

二、阅读七诜五(本大题共5小题，共10.0分)

Somepeopleareconfidentandfullofwisdomwhileremainingtruetotheirbeliefs,whichconiesfrom

self-awareness.Nowwe'llsharehowtodevelopself-awarenesssoyoucanpracticemindfulliving.

ILL

Self-awarenessisacontinuousprocessthatinvolvesconstantchanges.Thosewithagrowthmindset

maybemorelikelytoexperiencechangemorefrequently.So,makeityourgoaltooftenpauseandthink

aboutwhoyouarcandwhereyouarcandbuildtowardwhereyou'regoing.

Bemoreofalistener

Themostcommonmistakethatalotofusmakeisthatwealwayswanttobeheard.Buthowcanwe

betterunderstandourselvesifwedon'ttakethetimetolistenandacceptfeedbackfromothers?_

(2).Listeningwillgiveyouatruesenseofhowotherpeopleperceiveyourcharacter,givingyouabetter

understandingofwhoyouare.

Takea3id-pcisunpuinlofviewufsclf-awaicncss

Whensomeonehasmademeanremarksaboutyou,youlikelyfeelhurt.Buthaveyoutriedtakingthe

perspectiveofa3rd-party?(3).Negativethoughtscanpreventyoufromhavingasenseofself-awareness.

Treatyourself

(4),whichshiftstheshapeofwhoyouessentiallyare.Whatcvcrsituationsyouarcin,yourgoalshould

alwaysbetocomebacktoyourself.That'swhyyoushouldplantotreatyourselfwellforyourmentaland

physicalwellbeing/lakeyourselfoutandenjoyyourfavoritemealquietly.Orsitorsleepthewholeday

anddonothingatall.(5).

A.Spendtimewithyourself

B.Keepcheckingwithinyourself

C.Lifccanbeprettychallenging

D.Self-awarenesstypicallycomesinperiodsofcalm

E.Thejourneyofself-awarenessrequiresself-examination

F.Thisway,youwillbeable(oavoidbeingover-criticalofyourself

G.Bereadytotakeinallperspectivesthatdifferentindividualshaveaboutyou

16.A.AB.BC.CD.DE.E

F.FG.G

17.A.AR.Bc.cD.DR.E

F.FG.G

18.A.AB.BC.CD.DE.E

F.FG.G

19.A.AB.BC.CD.DE.E

F.FG.G

20.A.AB.BC.CD.DE.E

F.FG.G

三、完形填空(本大题共20小题，共30.0分)

TheBritishCohortStudyfoundthatchildrenreadingforpleasurealayoungagearenotjustbetterat

languagelearning,theyarebetteratothersubjecls.ilcanalso(21)theirgrowthgreatly.

Readingfuiplcusuicis(22)lopiublcmsolving.AfuuiIccn-ycai-uldbuywliu(23)llicstudysaid,

"Whenbigstuffhappensinmylife,I'llthinkaboutwhatmyfavorite(24)wouldhavedone.Theyarethe

ones1(25),whohavedifferent(26)tohandlingthings.ThenItryto(27)themtomylife,toseewhichway

worksforme."Thesituationschildrenreadinbooksgivethem(28)onhowtoreactto(29)experiencesin

reallife.

Besides,likeanyotherhobbyist,readersoften(30)withthosewholovereading.Theseinteractionshelp

childrendevelop(31)skillsatayoungage.Iheylearnhowto(32)opinionsaswellasbuildingtheir

understandingofotherculturesandperspectives.

Extendingloveofreadingtothe(33)isiniportant.Havebooks(34)tobereadatanyplacearoundthe

house.Insteadofwatchingtelevision,haveafamilyreadingnight.Onceyourchildrenarereadingontheir

own,spendtinie(35)thembyreadingabookyoulike.Itcan(36)themtoaskaboutyourbookandpossibly

introducethemtoawholedifferentsubjectorseries!

Readingforpleasurehasbenefitsthatgobeyondstudents"?)developmentatschool.Readingfor

pleasuremeansgivingstudents(38)aboutwhattheywanttoread,whichhelpscreatealifclong(39)

Practiceitandseewhereit(40)them!

21.A.preventB.reviseC.influenceD.challenge

22.A.beneficialB.essentialC.vitalD.harmful

23.A.putforwardB.participatedin

C.gaveupD.dependedon

24.A.teachersB.classmatesC.colleaguesD.characters

25.A.inspireB.rememberC.admireD.encounter

26.A.contributionsB.approachesC.adjustmentsD.oppositions

27.A.compareB.attractC.applyD.return

28.A.cluesB.testsC.topicsD.requests

29.A.temporaryB.variousC.pitifulD.common

30.A.travelB.negotiateC.experimentD.interact

31.A.socialB.learningC.financialD.working

32.A.judgeB.chooseC.acceptD.share

33.A.campusB.homeC.libraryD.classroom

34.A.readyB.safeC.toughD.rare

35.A.conifuningB.pruicciingC.aucuinpaiiyiiigD.disturbing

36.A.forceB.remindC.forbidD.encourage

37.A.academicB.physicalC.professionalD.comprehensive

38.A.coursesB.alternativesC.rewardsD.missions

39.A.writerB.fighterC.readerD.dreamer

40.A.stopsB.helpsC.meetsD.takes

四、语法填空（本大题共1小题，共15.0分）

41.Embattled(东方)EducationbegantoexplorelivestreamingbusinesslastDecemberwhenthe

company⑴(launch)livestreamingroomOrientalSelectiononDouyin,mainly(osellagricultural

products.ltbecameanInternethit(2)itstwo-languageonlinesales.Englishteachersturnedintohosts,

headedbyDongYuhui,(3)wouldchataboutlife,poetiyandphilosophy,andevenrecitesemelines

ofShakespeare'spoemswhileintroducingthegoods.Theirwideknowledgereservehasgainedmore

andmorefollowerswithmany(4)(call)themthe"topceiling"oflive-streamers.

ABeijingresidentsurramedZhaowhoboughtabookofancientpoemsfromOrientalSelection

hasfoundsuchtwo-languagelivestreaming(5)((rue)educational."!thinkthehostsare(6)

(knowledge).Thismakesthemstandoutfromordinaryhostswhojustpromotetheirgoods,"Zhao

toldtheGlobalTinesonTuesday.

OnSaturday,(7)numberofviewersatOrientalSelectionreached12million,andtheGMVon

thatdaywas21millionyuan,makingitthe6th(8)(much)cash-earningbroadcastroomon

Douyin.Meanwhile,thepopularityofthetwo-languagclive-broadcastcourse(9)(reflect；bythe

outstandingpeifbnnanceonthecapitalmarket.NewOrientalEducation'sHongKonglistedstock

KoolearnTechnologyHoldingshotup100percentinpricesduringtradingonMondaytodeleteall

lossessinceJuly2021duetostricterregulationofprivatetraining(10)(company).

(1)

(2)

(3)

(4)

(5)

(6)

(7)

⑻

(9)

(10)

五、短文改错（本大题共1小题，共10.0分）

42.假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有

1（）处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。

增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（八），并在其下面写出该加的词。

删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。

修改：在错的词卜.划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。

注意：（1）每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；

（2）只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分，

Moneyisvitalineverydaylife.Isitthepeopleearninglotsofmoneywhicharesuccessful?In

somepeople'seyes»beingrichisequal,tobesuccessful.Theysayweliveamaterialisticworldwhere

everythingincludingrelationshipsisdefinedbythemoney.Tobesuccessful,thatisessentialto

acquiregoodeducationanditcamefrommoney.Successandmoneyarccloserelatedtoeachother.

However,therearemanypeoplewhohavehugeamountsofmoney,andinnocasecantheybe

said（obesuccessful.Beingsuccessfulmeansbeingsatisfyingwithwhateverthingswehave.Money

cannotbuysatisfactionandhappiness,andapersonwithoutsuchfeelingcannotbecalledasuccess.

（1）

（2）

六、书面表达（本大题共1小题，共25.0分）

43.学校英文报正在开展以DoingHouseworkDuringHoliday为题的讨论。请使用图表中的调

查结果写一篇短文投稿，内容包括：

（1）中学生假期做家务状况描述；

（2）简单评论；

（3）你的建议。

总是做家经常做家偶尔做家从不做家

务务务务

15%45%35%

中学生假期做家务情况调查结果

注意：

(1)词数100左右：

(2)短文的题目和首句已为你写好。

DoingHouseworkDuringHolidayHolidayisagreattimeormiddleschoolstudentstorelax

themselvesathome.

答案和解析

1〜3.【答案】B、B、D

【解析】（I）细节理解题。根据Rijksmuseum介绍内容TheRijksmuseurninAmsterdamofNetherlands

isoneoftheleadingmuseumsinEuropeofferingarichvarietyofonlineresources.Amongthemost

famousartworksisRembrandt'sNightWalch.（位于荷兰阿姆斯特丹的国立博物馆是欧洲领先的博

物馆之一，提供丰富的在线资源。其中最著名的艺术品是伦勃朗的《夜瓦尔奇》。）可知，在阿

姆斯特丹能看到伦勃朗的杰作。故选B”

（2）细节理解题。根据ReinaSofia介绍内容ReinaSofia'sRethinkingGuernicaisanonlinespace

devotedtomaterialrelatedtoPicasso'smasterpiece（雷纳•索非亚的《格尔尼卡反思》是一

个在线空间，专门介绍与毕加索杰作《格尔尼卡》有关的材料。）可知，《格尔尼卡反思》在雷

纳索非业在线博物馆展出。故选B。

（3）细节理解题o根据Brazil'sNationalMuseum介绍内容Itmadeheadlinesin2018whenagoodpart

ofitsbuildingwasdestroyedinafire.However,thankstoaGoogleArtsandCulturevirtualtour,youcan

stilltravelinspaceand（imetotakeavirtuallookatthemuseumandillscollectionsbeforethedestruction

of2018.（2018年，它的大部分建筑在火灾中被毁，这成为了头条新闻。然而，多亏了谷歌艺术和

文化虚拟之旅，你仍然可以进行一次2018年毁灭之前的该博物饵及其藏品的时空虚拟参观。）可

知，巴西国家博物馆的独特之处在于游客在现实中无法看到该博物馆完整的原始收藏，只能在网

上看到。故选D。

本文是一篇文学与艺术类阅读，主要介绍了四个免费的在线博物馆之旅。

做这类题材阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语

句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案。

4〜7.【答案】C、A、D、B

【解析】（1）细节理解题。根据第一段的Theboyupdateshisfatherofthedynamicsaroundthefamily,

（heirstruggle,theirpain,theirjoybutmostimportantlyhiseffortstobeagoodboy,takingcareofGrann

andhismotherinhisfather,sabsence.（男孩向父亲讲述最新消息，介绍家庭周围的动态、他们的挣

扎、他们的痛苦、他们的快乐，但最重要的是，他努力成为一个好男孩，在父亲不在的时候照顾

奶奶和他的母亲。）可知，男孩通过讲述家庭近况的方式来与天堂的父亲进行经常联系的。故选

Co

（2）段落大意题。通读第二段ClaudeLouishighlightscharmingvillagelifeandtheundeniableloveof

his'Grann'whilegentlycreatingawarenessoftheinequalitiesandhardshipsthatexistintheoutlyngareas

ofHaiti.（ClaudeLouis强调了迷人的乡村生活和对他的“格兰“不可否认的爱，同时温和地创造了

对海地边远地区存在的不平等和困难的意识。）可知，本段主要讲述这本书的主题。故选A。

（3）推理判断题。根据最后一段的Insimplebutvividlanguage,ClaudeLouisdrawsthereadersinto

hisworld.（克劳德•路易斯用简单而生动的语言将读者带入他的世界。）和Louisexpertlyweavesthe

valueofeducationintohisstory,（路易斯巧妙地将教育的价值融入到他的故事中，）可知，本段

展现了作者的写作语言简单但生动，而且巧妙地将教育的价值融人了他的故事中。由此可推知，

作者认为Louis的写作风格是令人钦佩的。故选D。

（4）文章题材题。通读全文以及根据最后―•段的Insimplebutvividlanguage,ClaudeLouisdraws

thereadersintohisworld.（克劳德•路易斯用简单而牛动的语言将读者带入他的世界。）本*是对

《我现在都长大了，爸爸》的评论，由此可知，本文是一篇书评。故选B。

本文是说明文。本文对《我现在都长大了，爸爸》这本书进行了评论。

阅读理解解题步骤：首先对原文材料迅速浏览，掌握全文的主旨大意，因为阅读理解题一般没有

标题，所以，速读全文，抓住中心主旨很有必要，在速读的过程中，应尽可能多地捕获信息材料；

其次细读题材，各个击破，掌握全文的大意之后，细细阅读每篇材料后的问题，弄清每题要求后，

带着问题，再回到原文中去寻找、捕获有关信息，要善于抓住每段的主题句，阅读时，要有较强

的针对性，而于捕获到的信息，要做认真分析，仔细推敲，理解透彻，只有这样，针对题目要求，

才能做到稳、准。

8〜11.【答案】B、A、C、C

【解析】（1）词义猜测题。根据划线词所在的句子及后句Penguinslivemainlyin（hesouthern___.The

Galapagospenguinisiheonlyonefoundnoilliof（heequatui（赤道）.（企鹅主要生活在南。加

拉帕戈斯企鹅是唯一在赤道以北发现的企鹅。）可知，划线词所在句描述了企鹅生活的主要地方，

后一句补充了一个特例，即加拉帕戈斯企鹅是在赤道以北发现的唯一的企鹅，结合划线词前边的

southern可推知，大多数企鹅生活在赤道以南，即南半球。A.Deepocean深海；B.Halfglobe半球；

C.Earth'spole地球的极点；D.Largeland大块陆地。故选Be

（2）细节理解题。根据第二段Theylove,theyfight,theysteal,andbecauseoftheirfunnyupright

posture,it'sreallyeasytoimaginethemhavingallthesamemotivationsaspeople.（他们爱，他们打架,

他们偷窃，因为他们滑稽的直立姿势，很容易想象他们和人芍着相同的动机。）可知，其中的love,

fight,steal和funnyuprightposture这些都是企鹅的行为，是这些行人让人们倾向于想象他们和人

有相同的内在渴望。故选A。

（3）细节理解题。根据第三段的Thestudyproposesthatchangesinworldtemperaturesandinmajor

oceancurrentshavebeenimportantdriversofpenguinevolution.（研究表明世界温度和主要洋流的变

化是企鹅进化的重要驱动力。）可知，企鹅进化主要是由1-worldtemperatures和majoroceancurrents

两方面的变化，属于地理环境的变化。故选C。

（4）段落大意题。根据最后一段Penguins'visionismoresensitivetowardtheblueendofthecolor

spectrum（光谱）.Bluelightgoesmoredeeplyintotheoceanthanlightattheredendofthe

spectrum.Genesthathelpbirdsdetectsallyandsourtastesarcactiveinpenguins.Butgenesthathelpdetect

biterandsweettastesbecomeinactive.Thosemaynolongerbeneededaspenguinsfindfoodincold,salty

waterandusuallyswallowthewholefish.Penguinsshowchangesintheirwingbonesandareductionof

theirflightfeathers.（企鹅的视力对蓝色光谱的一端更敏感。蓝光比光谱中红色一端的光更能深入

海洋。帮助鸟类辨别酸味的基因在企鹅身上很活跃。但是帮助检测苦味和甜味的基因变得不活跃

了。企鹅在冰冷的咸水中寻找食物，通常会把整条鱼吞下去，所以可能不再需要这些了。企鹅的

翼骨发生了变化，飞行羽毛也减少了。）可知，最后一段主要讲了企鹅的视觉、味觉和身体结构

发生了变化来适应环境。由此可知C选项"企鹅如何通过改变来生存”准确地概括了最后•段的内

容.故选C.

本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述两个研究人员对企鹅的历史进行了迄今为止最完整的研究，包括它

们的发源地、居住地、行为以及它们是如何进化来适应生存环境的。

阅读理解解题步骤：首先对原文材料迅速浏览，掌握全文的主旨大意，因为阅读理解题一般没有

标题，所以，速读全文，抓住中心主旨很有必要，在速读的过程中，应尽可能多地捕获信息材料；

其次细读题材，各个击破，掌握全文的大意之后，细细阅读每篇材料后的问题，弄清每题要求后，

带着问题，再回到原文中去寻找、捕获有关信息，耍善丁抓住每段的主题句，阅读时，耍有较强

的针对性，咐于捕获到的信息，要做认真分析，仔细推敲，理解透彻，只有这样，针对题目要求，

才能做到稳.、准。

12〜15.【答案】D、C、B、B

【解析】（I）写作目的题。第一段讲述一个运动员比赛时发生运动型中暑，幸亏得到及时救治：

后面几段分别讲述了运动型中暑的原因、判断方式及营救方法。所以作者在第一段是通过这个事

例来引出本文的主要话题一运动型中暑。故选D。

（2）细节理解题。第二段提至ijButwi【hsevereheatstress,yourbodyisunabletoloseenoughheatdue

（oloomuchexercise,whichraisesyourcoretemperaturebeyondnonnallevels.Thecellsnolonger

functionproperlyandbegintoleaktheircontents.Iftheseleakycellsincreaserapidlythroughthebody,

theresultscanbedestructive.（但在极热的压力下，由于过度运动，你的身体无法排出足够的热量，

这会使你的核心温度超过正常水平。细胞不再正常，并开始流失其内容物。如果这些渗漏细胞在

体内迅速增加，结果可能是具有破坏性的），由此可知，如果在极热天气里超负荷运动，细胞无

法正常发挥功能，这会严重损害身体。故选C。

（3）细节理解题。第四段最后一句提至ljbeforeyousiarianylhing,emergencyservicesshouldbe

called.（但在你开始做任何事情之前，应该打电话给紧急服务部门），由此可知，挽救运动中暑

的人的第一步是拨打急救电话。故选B。

（4）推理判断颍。最后一段提至l|Thesunisknownforgivinglife,butitcanalsotakelifeawayifwe

renotcareful（众所周知，太阳赋予生命，但如果我们不小心，它也会夺走生命），由此可知，

太阳的论述表明了事情具有好坏两面性。故选B。

本文是篇说明文。运动员在高温下做剧烈运动很容易引起运动型中暑，严重时会危及生命，文中

提供了正确的营救方法。

做这类题材的阅读理解时要求考生对文章先通读•遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相

关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案.做题时要在抓住关键句子的基础上进行合理地分

析，切忌胡乱猜测，一定要做到有理有据。

16〜2（）.【答案】B、E、F、C、D

【解析】（1）段落标题题。空处为本段小标题。根据下文So,makeityourgoaltooftenpauseand

thinkaboutwhoyouareandwhereyouareandbuildtowardwhereyou'regoing.（所以，经常停下来想

想你是谁，你在哪里，并朝着你耍去的地方发展，作为你的目标。）可知，本段建议要不断检查

自己的内心。B选项”不断检查自己的内心”，可以作为本段小标题。故选B。

（2）细节理解题。上文Buthowcanwebetterunderstandourselvesifwedon'ttakethetimetolistenand

acceptfeedbackfromothers?（但是，如果我们不花时间倾听和接受他人的反馈，我们怎么能更好

地理解自己呢？）指出我们要倾听别人的反馈，才能成为更好的自己，下文提到LisieningwiHgivc

youa（ruesenseofhowotherpeopleperceive