选必二 Units 3-5 知识点复习（解析版）

寒假作业04选择性必修二Unit3-5知识点复习基础过关单词变形1．prioradj.先前的；优先的→priorityn.优先事项；最重要的事；优先权→prioritizevt.优先处理；按重要性排列2．elegantadj.精美的；讲究的；文雅的→elegancen.优雅，雅致；简练→elegantlyadv.优美地3．minimumn.最小值；最少量adj.最低(限度)的；最小的→minimizevt.减到最低数量；降到最低程度；使最小化→maximumn.最大量；最大限度adj.最高的；最多的；最大极限的→maximizevt.使增加到最大限度；充分利用；最大限度地利用4．stableadj.稳定的；稳重的→stablyadv.稳固地；安定地；平稳地→stabilityn.稳定(性)；稳固(性)5．associationn.协会；关联→associatev.联想，联系n.同事；伙伴；合伙人adj.有关联的；联合的；副的6．regardlessadv.不顾；不加理会→regardn.尊敬；关注；关心[pl.]致意；问候vt.看待；将……视为；注视7．moderationn.适度；合理→moderateadj.适度的；适中的；温和的vi.&vt.(使)缓和；(使)适中n.持温和观点者(尤指政见)8．consistentadj.一致的；连续的→consistencyn.一致性，连贯性；黏稠度，平滑度→consistentlyadv.一贯地；一致地；坚实地9．pleasantadj.令人愉快的；友好的→pleasuren.快乐，满足，欣慰10．freezevi.&vt.结冰；(使)冻住→freezingadj.极冷的；冰冻的→frozenadj.冰冻的；冻僵的11．anticipatevt.预料；预见；期望→anticipationn.预料；预见；期望12．thundervi.打雷；轰隆隆地响；轰隆隆地快速移动n.雷声；轰隆声→thunderousadj.雷鸣般的；声音很大的13．astonishvt.使十分惊讶；使吃惊→astonishedadj.感到十分惊讶→astonishingadj.令人十分惊讶的；难以置信的→astonishmentn.惊讶；令人惊讶的事物14．mistn.薄雾；水汽→mistyadj.多雾的；模糊的15．advertisementn.广告；启事→advertisev.为……做广告，登广告16．photographern.摄影师；拍照者→photographn.照片；相片vt.拍照→photographyn.照相术；摄影17．swellvi.膨胀；肿胀→swollenadj.(身体部位)肿起的；肿胀的18．urgentadj.紧急的；急迫的；急切的→urgencyn.紧急，迫切；迫切需要；紧急的事→urgentlyadv.迫切地；紧急地；急切地19．easevi.&vt.(使)宽慰；减轻；缓解n.容易；舒适；自在→easyadj.容易的；舒适的，自如的；随和的；轻浮的；平缓的adv.小心；容易地，悠闲地20．operatorn.电话接线员；操作员→operationn.运作，实施；运转，操作；手术→operatevi.运转；动手术；起作用vt.操作；经营；引起21．bleedvi.流血；失血→bleedingn.流血；失血22．tightadj.牢固的；紧身的；绷紧的；严密的adv.紧紧地；牢固地→tightlyadv.紧紧地；牢固地；紧密地→tightenvi.&vt.(使)变紧；更加牢固；抓紧vt.使更加严格；加强23．foggyadj.有雾的→fogn.雾；烟雾，尘雾；困惑，迷惘v.起雾；使(令)人困惑24．membershipn.会员身份；全体会员；会员人数→membern.成员；会员重点短语1．if__anything如果有……的话2．put__more__simply更简单地说3．prior__to在……之前的4．consist__of由……组成(或构成)5．have_a_chance_to_do_sth有机会做某事6．go__hand__in__hand息息相关7．have__no__idea不知道8．slice__...__off切下9．by__the__time__..._到……的时候10．regardless__of不管；不顾11．argue__over就……争论12．on__the__right__track做对了，照着正确路线运行13．make__the__right__decisions做出正确的决定14．get__rid__of摆脱，除去15．start__out出发；着手进行16．be__typical__of是……特有的17．take__sb's__breath__away令人惊叹18．a__bunch__of一束；一串；一群；大量19．wake__up醒来20．make__a__living谋生21．be__fascinated__by__...__被……迷住22．contrary__to相反的；相对立的23．go__up增长；上升；被兴建起来24．proceed__to__sth进而做(参加)25．flow__into流入26．in__contrast__to与……形成对照27．owe__sth__to__sb欠(某人情)；把……归功于某人28．make__use__of使用，利用29．call__for__help呼救30．act__as充当31．divide__...__into把……分成32．at__once马上33．a__matter__of大约；……的问题34．come__into__contact__with触及……，遇到……35．right__away立刻36．fall__over跌倒，摔倒；绊了一跤37．put__in放入；提出，提交38．with__the__help__of__...__在……的帮助下39.help__sb__to__one's__feet帮助某人站起身来40．face__up/down面朝上(朝下)41．sleep__in迟起床；睡过头；睡懒觉42．out__of__shape健康状况不好经典句型过去完成时的被动语态PriortocomingtoChina,myonlyexperiencewithChinesecookingwasinAmerica,withChinesefoodthathadbeenchangedtosuitAmericantastes.evidence的同位语从句However,thereisincreasingevidencethattherealdriverofpoorhealthisnotsomuchfattyfood,asitissugar.recommend后的宾语从句使用虚拟语气TheAmericanHeartAssociationrecommendsthatwelimitourselvestolessthan100－150caloriesadayfromsugar...It'suptosbtodosth由某人来做某事Itisuptoyoutodecidehowyouwanttolive,andtomaketherightdecisionsaboutyourdiet.bepleasedtodosth因为做某事而高兴Thenextdaywasclearandmild,andtheywerepleasedtoseethebeautifulmountainslookingoutoverthecity.(牛津高阶)听说你高升了，我很高兴。anticipatedoingsth预料做某事However,theydidnotanticipateseeingsuchanopencountry,andweretrulyamazed.(牛津高阶)他们预期年底前迁入较大的经营场址。notuntil用于强调句式Itwasnotuntil9：30a．m.thattheyfinallyreachedthecapitalofOntario,Toronto.(中国日报)然而，直到东汉(25～220年)，现代形式的瓷器才出现。if引导宾语从句表示“是否”Ishouldphoneherandseeifshe'savailablefordinner.(牛津高阶)听听曲调，看你能否记起歌词。unless引导条件状语从句Removeanyclothesusingscissorsifnecessary,unlessyouseethefabricstickingtotheburntskin.(牛津高阶)除非是我记错了，她是昨天回来上班的。if引导条件状语从句，主句为祈使句Ifburnsareontheface,makesurethevictimcanstillbreathe.(牛津高阶)要是有人打电话来，就说我不在家。动词不定式修饰句词needIfthevictimissufferingfromsecondorthird­degreeburns,thereisanurgentneedtotakehim/hertothehospitalatonce.(牛津高阶)我没必要拆开那封信——我知道里面会说些什么。suggest后的宾语从句中的虚拟语气Theysuggestedheeatmoreslowlyandtakesmallerbitesbeforetheyleft.(牛津高阶)我建一、语法填空1．（2022上·全国·高二期末）Aspecialtaskforce(consist)ofseniormedicalexpertsistohelpguidetreatmentinmakeshifthospitals(方舱医院).【答案】consisting【解析】考查现在分词。句意：由资深医学专家组成的特别工作组将帮助指导方舱医院的治疗。分析句子结构可知，此处应为非谓语动词作定语修饰名词Aspecialtaskforce，根据句意，consistof意为“由……组成”，与Aspecialtaskforce之间为主动关系，所以此处需要使用现在分词作后置定语。故填consisting。2．（2023上·高二辽宁实验中学）Thedetoxwasmoredifficult(tolerate)thanIhadexpected.Butonreflection,Icanseehowmuchofmytime(occupy)withcheckingmyphone.【答案】totoleratehadbeenoccupied【解析】考查动词不定式以及时态。句意：脱瘾比我预想的更难忍受。但仔细想想，我可以看出我有多少时间忙于看手机。第一个空考查固定句型“主语+be+adj.+todo”，所以第一个需要totolerate；分析句子结构，第二个空为宾语从句的谓语动词。根据前一句“Thedetoxwasmoredifficult”可知，本段对话发生在过去，而宾语从句表示“在这之前已经被手机占用的时间（忙于看手机）”，所以宾语从句的的时态为过去完成时态，表示该动作发生在过去的过去。谓语动词和主语之间为被动关系。综上所述，宾语从句用过去完成时态的被动语态。故填①totolerate②hadbeenoccupied。3．（2023上·广东东莞·高二期中）ItwasthefirsttimethatI(ask)tosinginpublicandIwasabitnervous.【答案】hadbeenasked【解析】考查时态和语态。句意：这是我第一次被要求在公共场合唱歌，我有点紧张。itwasthefirsttimethat...为固定句型，表示“这是第一次……”，其中that引导的从句应用过去完成时，结合语意，ask与主语I之间是被动关系，应用被动语态。故填hadbeenasked。4．（2023上·广东深圳·期中）Whensheheardthatherfather(die)intheaccident,sheburstoutcrying.【答案】haddied【解析】考查动词时态。句意：当她听说她父亲在事故中丧生时，她突然大哭起来。本句是that引导的宾语从句，die作从句的谓语，根据heard可知，此处是描述过去的过去发生的事，应用过去完成时。故填haddied。5．（2023上·广东·高二深圳中学期中）Beforehumansarrivedontheisland,thespecies(live)inisolationandeatentheplantsthatnaturallygrewthere.【答案】hadlived【解析】考查时态。句意：在人类抵达该岛之前，该物种一直生活在与世隔绝的环境中，并以自然生长在那里的植物为食。动词live意为“生活”。根据句意和“Beforehumansarrived”可知，主句用过去完成时，表示过去的过去，故此处使用hadlived构成过去完成时。故填hadlived。6．（2023上·高二课时练习）ItisalltheEnglishteachersandclassmatesherethatweshouldoweourthanks.【答案】to【解析】考查固定短语。句意：我们应该感谢这里所有的英语老师和同学。根据句意及空前的owe可知，此处使用介词to，owe...to“把……归功于”，oweone’sthanksto“感谢”。故填to。7．（2023上·高二课时练习）Jane’s(be)socarelesscausedsomuchtrouble.【答案】being【解析】考查动名词。句意：简的粗心大意引起了这么多麻烦。one’sdoing意为“某人做某事”，动名词的复合结构作主语，因此空格处是动名词being。故填being。8．（2023上·江苏常州）Greatimportanceshouldbeattachedtoemotionalormentalproblems(arise)fromaphysicalcause.【答案】arising【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：对身体原因引起的情绪或精神问题应给予高度重视。分析句子结构可知arise与逻辑主语problems构成主动关系，故用现在分词作定语。故填arising。9．（2023上·广东东莞·高二期中）Hiscollectionofartand(antique)reallysurprisedus.【答案】antiques【解析】考查名词。句意：他收藏的艺术品和古董真让我们吃惊。分析知，空处和前文的Hiscollectionofart并列，一起作主语，所以空处应填名词，antique意为“古董”，为可数名词，此处应用复数形式。故填antiques。10．（2023上·广东深圳·高二期中）Sometimesyoucan’tmakesenseofsomeChineseexpressions(literal)becausetheyhavedeepermeanings.【答案】literally【解析】考查副词。句意：有时候你不能从字面上理解一些汉语表达，因为它们有更深的含义。设空处在句中作状语修饰动词短语makesenseof，所给词literal的副词literally“按字面；字面上”符合句意。故填literally。11．（2023上·高二课时练习）Withsomanypeople(help)us,wearesuretofinishtheworkontime.【答案】helping/tohelp【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：有这么多人在/要帮忙,我们一定能按时完成这项工作。分析句子结构可知，此处是with引导的复合结构，宾语people与宾补help之间为主谓关系，用helping或tohelp。故答案为helping或tohelp。12．（2023上·高二课时练习）VincentvanGoghhadlivedinaflourishingartisticmovement,whichwassupposedtohelphimsucceedasanartistandbecomerich.thecontrary,hedidnotwinreputationasanartist.【答案】On/Quite【解析】考查固定短语。句意：文森特·凡·高生活在有蓬勃发展的艺术运动的时期，人们认为这本应该有助于他做一名成功的艺术家并变得富有。(然而事实)恰恰相反，他并没有赢得艺术家的声誉。分析句意再根据空格后的thecontrary可知，此处用固定短语on/quitethecontrary表示“正相反；恰恰相反”。故填on/quite。13．（2022上·高二）Thepatientgotoffthebed,(support)bythenurse.【答案】supported【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：病人在护士的扶下下了床。分析句子，句中got为谓语动词，设空处使用非谓语动词。此处thepatient与support之间是被动关系，故使用过去分词。故填supported。14．（2023上·高二）ThereisnopossibilityMarkwillfinishthechallengingtaskbyhimselfwithintwodays.【答案】that【解析】考查固定句型。句意：马克不可能在两天内独自完成这项具有挑战性的任务。thereisnopossibilitythat固定句型，意为“不可能……”，that引导的从句是同位语从句，故填that。15．（2023上·高二）Thosewhoareagainsttheplanaretheminority.【答案】in【解析】考查固定搭配。句意：反对这项计划的人是少数。intheminority固定搭配，意为“处于少数”，故填in。16．（2023上·河南南阳·高二）PeoplewithlowEQsoftenhaveahardertime(adjust)inlifeandintheircareers.【答案】adjusting【解析】考查动名词。句意：情商低的人在生活和事业中往往很难适应。分析句子可知，此处为固定短语haveahardtime(in)doing“做某事有困难”，所以此处为动名词形式。故填adjusting。17．（2023上·福建厦门·高二）Elsewhere,peoplefavourshakinghands,bowingfromthewaist,or(nod)theheadwhentheymeetsomeoneelse.【答案】nodding【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：在其他地方，当遇见别人时，人们更喜欢握手，弯腰鞠躬或点头致意。分析句子结构可知，连词or连接并列宾语，所以此处使用动名词和shaking及bowing保持一致，故填nodding。18．（2023上·北京·高二）WhenIsteppedintothesurgery,thedoctorwasbusyapatient.(examine)【答案】examining【解析】考查动名词。句意：当我走进手术室时，医生正忙着给病人做检查。分析句子结构可知，此处应为固定短语bebusy(in)doingsth.意为“忙于做某事”，所以此处应使用动名词形式examining作宾语，且表示主动意义。故填examining。19．（2023上·高二辽宁实验中学）Iwentaroundtomyfriend’shouse.Withoutourphones,wehadaproperconversationforovertwohours,without(distract)bymessagesfromotherpeople.【答案】beingdistracted【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：我去了朋友家。在没有手机的情况下，我们进行了两个多小时的正常交谈，没有被其他人的信息分散注意力。介词without后跟动名词作宾语，动词distract意为“使分心，使转移注意力”，与其逻辑主语we之间是被动关系，用动名词的被动式beingdistracted。故填beingdistracted。20．（2023上·广东佛山·高二）Theyspendhalfoftheirtimedreamingupwaysofgettingrichandachievingthesuccesstheyexpect,andtherestoftheirtime(think)aboutallthethingstheywilldooncetheybecomerich.【答案】thinking【解析】考查动名词。句意：他们一半的时间都在梦想致富和取得预期成功的方法，其余的时间则在思考一旦致富后要做的所有事情。spendtime(in)doingsth.(花时间做某事)，think用动名词形式作宾语。故填thinking。二、完成句子21．（2023上·广东佛山·高二期中）买书而不读是没有意义的。Itisnousebutnotreadingthem.【答案】buyingbooks【解析】考查固定句型和非谓语动词。“买书”用词组buybooks表示；Itisnousedoing...是固定句型，意为“做……是没有用的”，其中it是形式主语，动名词作真正的主语。故填buying；books。22．（2023上·广东广州·高二）蒸汽机的发明给现代世界带来了巨大的变化。hasbroughtvastchangestotheworld.【答案】Inventingsteamengines【解析】考查动名词短语。根据句意以及句子结构可知，此处为动名词短语Inventingsteamengines“蒸汽机的发明/发明蒸汽机”作句子主语，满足句意要求。故分别填Inventing；steam；engines。23．（2023上·上海·高二）我们费了好大力气才完成老师交给的任务。Wethetaskassignedbytheteacher.【答案】hadadifficulttime(in)completing【解析】考查动词短语和时态。“费了好大力气才完成”可理解为“完成……遇到很大的困难”，可用短语haveadifficulttime(in)doing...表示，讲述过去的事情，谓语动词have用一般过去时态had，“完成”用动词complete，其动名词形式为completing。故填hadadifficulttime(in)completing。24．（2022上·广东广州·高二期末）当被问及她的近期计划，她说想请人将房子装修一下。(状语从句的省略)aboutherrecentplan，shesaidshewasconsidering

herhouse

.【答案】Whenaskedhavingdecorated【解析】考查状语从句的省略、非谓语动词。由所给句意可知，空格①处应表达“当被问及”，可以理解为“当她被问及”应是whenshewasasked。状语从句的省略条件：1.主句和从句的主语一致，或从句主语为it；2.从句主要动词是be的某种形式；两个条件满足，可以省略从句的主语和系动词。故①用Whenasked，单词when在句首，首字母大写。“将房子装修一下”可以理解为“使得房子被装修一下”，herhouse与decorate“装修”为被动关系，故用过去分词decorated，作宾补，故用haveherhousedecorated。consider意为“考虑”时，后接动名词形式，故用having，作宾语。故填：①Whenasked②having③decorated。25．（2023上·广东广州·高二统考期末）无论你喜欢什么，总有一个不可思议的主题公园吸引你！Whicheverandwhateveryoulike,thereisanthemeparkthatyou!【答案】incredible/unbelievable/inconceivable/unimaginable/amazing/awesomeappealsto【解析】考查形容词和动词短语。根据中文句提示可知，使用形容词incredible，unbelievable，inconceivable，unimaginable，amazing，awesome均可表示“不可思议的”，作定语修饰名词themepark“主题公园”；使用动词短语appealto表示“吸引”，在定语从句中作谓语，因为先行词that指代的知前文的单数名词词组themepark，故谓语动词使用第三人称单数。故填incredible/unbelievable/inconceivable/unimaginable/amazing/awesome，appealsto。26．（2020上·福建厦门·高二期中）疲惫不堪，我一上床马上就睡着了。,Ibedandfellfastasleep.【答案】Exhaustedslidinto【解析】考查形容词做状语、时态和短语。分析句子，结合后文的fellfastasleep可知，and之前的时态用一般过去时。短语：slideintobed意为“悄悄上床”，所以此处动词slide用过去式slid；动词exhaust表示“疲惫”，句子主语I和动词exhaust为动宾关系，因句子已有谓语，所以exhaust用过去分词exhausted用作形容词，表示主语的状态。故填①Exhausted②slid③into。27．（2021上·全国·高二）穿着红衣服，这个女孩看起来更漂亮。red,thegirllooksmorebeautiful.【答案】Dressedin【解析】考查过去分词作状语。根据汉语提示可知，此处表达穿着的动作，使用固定搭配dressin，句子主语是thegirl，与dress是被动关系，应用过去分词做状语，且位于句首首字母大写。故填Dressedin。28．（2020下·广东佛山·高二）,theteammemberscheeredandhuggedeachotherexcitedly.(根据句意，使用“非谓语动词”填空)【答案】Thrilledatthesuccessthey’veachieved【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：队员们为取得的成功激动不已，兴奋地互相欢呼、拥抱。本句要求使用非谓语动词，所以句子开头省略主语，thrill和theteammembers是被动关系，故用过去分词形式thrilled，结合句子其他部分，故填Thrilledatthesuccessthey’veachieved。29．（2023上·重庆合川·高二）这支由三名医生和七名护士组成的医疗队被派往该地区。Themedicalteamthreedoctorsandsevennurseswassenttothearea.【答案】consistingof/composedof【解析】考查非谓语动词。句中was为动词，设空处使用非谓语动词。表示“构成”用consistof或者becomposedof。medicalteam与consist之间是主动关系，故使用现在分词作后置定语即consisting；compose与其之间是被动关系，故使用过去分词作后置定语。故答案为consistingof/composedof。30．（2023上·广东广州·高二统考期末）这是我第一次参观广东省博物馆，它让我很惊叹。ItwasthefirsttimeGuangdongMuseum,.【答案】thatIhadvisitedwhichamazedmealot/reallyamazedme/whichtookmybreathaway/takingmybreathaway【解析】考查时态和定语从句以及非谓语。句意：这是我第一次参观广东省博物馆，它让我很惊叹。Itisthefirsttime+that从句，从句要用过去完成时。takeone’sbreathaway“大为惊讶”或者amazesb。句中先行词为GuangdongMuseum，在非限定性定语从句中作主语，所以用关系代词which引导。从句陈述过去事情，用一般过去时。也可以用现在分词takingmybreathaway作状语。故填thatIhadvisited;whichamazedmealot/reallyamazedme/whichtookmybreathaway/takingmybreathaway。阅读理解A（2023上·山东济南·高二期中）2023HotList:TheBestNewRestaurantsintheWorldPlacedesFetes—NewYorkCityThisfamouswinebarprovidesaspotwithararesweetandwarmatmosphere.Fordatenight,gotothebarwithviewsoftheopenkitchen,orfillupthelargetableinthebackwithagroupandtastetheentireitemmenu.Eitherway,donotmissthefamousmushroomsoup.LeDoyenne—Saint—Vrain,FranceAustralianchefsJamesHenryandShaunKellytransformedtheformerstables(马厩)ofa19th-centuryprivateestateintoaworkingfarm,restaurant,andguesthousedrivenbytheprinciplesofregenerativeagriculture.Morethanonehundredvarietiesoffruits,vegetables,andherbsmaketheirwayintoHenry’scookingafterbeingcarefullynurturedbyKelly.MiCompaChava—MexicoCityAlmosteveryoneeatinghereisdevotedtofixinglastnight’sdamagefromdrunkennessandgettingaheadstartoncreatingtoday’s.Onthesidewalk,crowdsoflocalsandtouristsalikelineupforfishermanSalvadorOrozco’screativetakesonSinaloaandBajaseafood.Anythingfromtherawhalfofthemenuisasurebet,thoughcookeddisheslikefishcanhelpfilloutameal.Vilas—BangkokCanadishinspiredbyaSpanishrecipeusingJapaneseingredients(原料)stillbeconsideredThai?ForChefPrinPolsuk,oneofBangkok’smostfamousThaichefs,itmostcertainlycan.Athislatestrestaurant,asmalldiningroomatthebaseofBangkok’shulalongkorn’s1897journeyaroundEuropeandtheforeigningredientsandlandmarkKingPowerMahanakhonTower,hedrawsinspirationfromKingChulalongkorn’s1897journeyaroundEuropeandtheforeigningredientsandcookingtechniquesheaddedtotheroyalcookbooks.1．WhatcanyoudoinPlacedesFetes—NewYorkCity?A．Drinktheredwine. B．Tastethemushroomsoup.C．Watchthemusicals. D．Enjoythebeautifulviews.2．Whichrestaurantbestsuitspeoplewhosufferfromalcohol?A．PlacedesFetes. B．LeDoyenne.C．MiCompaChava. D．Vilas.3．What’sthepurposeofthetext?A．Tointroducethefeaturesofsomerestaurants.B．Tocomparetheoriginsofsomerestaurants.C．Tostatethesimilaritiesofsomerestaurants.D．Torecommendsomefoodsofsomerestaurants.【语篇解读】这是一篇应用文。文章介绍了几家热门新餐厅的特色。1．B【解析】细节理解题。根据PlacedesFetes—NewYorkCity标题下最后一句“Eitherway,donotmissthefamousmushroomsoup.(不管怎样，千万不要错过著名的蘑菇汤。)”可知，在纽约市节日广场可以品尝蘑菇汤。故选B。2．C【解析】细节理解题。根据MiCompaChava —MexicoCity标题下第一句“Almosteveryoneeatinghereisdevotedtofixinglastnight’sdamagefromdrunkennessandgettingaheadstartoncreatingtoday’s.(几乎每个在这里吃饭的人都致力于修复昨晚醉酒造成的损害，并为今天的创造做准备。)”可知，MiCompaChava最适合酗酒的人。故选C。3．A【解析】推理判断题。根据标题“2023HotList:TheBestNewRestaurantsintheWorld(2023热门榜单：世界上最好的新餐厅)”可知，这篇文章是为了介绍几家热门新餐厅的特色。故选A。B（2022·福建厦门·统考二模）IliveinXizhouinYunnanProvince,onthehistoricTeaHorseRoad.IhavetoadmitthatwhenIfirstheardthatPaulSalopekwasgoingtowalktheentireglobeonhisowntwofeet,Iwasblownaway.Icouldn’timaginethattherecouldbesuchanunusualpersonintheworld.LastMay,ImetPaul.HetoldmethatitwashisfirsttimeinChina.Hetalkedtomewithgreatexcitementaboutthehistory,migrations,anddiscoveriesinmyregionofChina.HespokeoftheShu-YanduDao(theSouthernSilkRoad),thetravelsofthe17th-centuryChineseexplorerXuXiake,theTeaHorseRoadandtheearly20th-centuryAmericanbotanistJosephRock.HealsotalkedofXuanzang.PaulconsideredmanyofthemheroesandinasenseChinesepioneersofslowjournalism.IdecidedtoaccompanyPaulonhiswalktowardYunnan.OnSeptember28,2021,wesetout.Ourdaysweresimple:walk,eat,sleep,andrepeat.Wewokeupatsunrise,setoffinhighspirits,andrestedatsunset,draggingourselvesintoexhaustedsleep.Wemetmanypeopleontheroad.Somewerecurious,surroundingusandwatchingus;somegaveusdirections;someinvitedusintotheirhometotakearest;somespokeofthecharmoftheirhometown.Wemetmanybeautifulsouls,simplesoulsandwarmsouls.Wewerewalkingwithourminds.Together,wewereimpressedbythebiodiversityoftheGaoligongMountains.AsIwalkedonancientpathsthroughmountains,Iseemedtoheartheantiquevoicesofpasttravelersurgingmetobecarefulontheroad.Lookingbackonthemorethan200milesIwalkedwithPaul,Icametoarealization.Walkingforitsownsake,whilehealthyandadmirable,isonlyasmallpartofthebenefitofmovingwithourfeet.Adeeperrewardisrediscoveringtheworldaroundus,shorteningthedistancebetweeneachother,andsharingeachother’scultures.4．HowdidthewriterfirstrespondtoPaul’stravelplan?A．Scared. B．Puzzled.C．Disappointed. D．Surprised.5．WhatcanwelearnaboutPaulSalopekfromparagraph2?A．Hewasawesternjournalist. B．HehadaknowledgeofChina.C．HecametoChinaseveraltimes. D．HewasJosephRock’sacquaintance.6．Whatdoesparagraph4tellusaboutthewriterandPaul?A．Theyhonoredtheancestors. B．Theysetoffinhighspirits.C．Theysatisfiedthelocals’curiosity. D．Theybuiltbondswithpeople.7．Whatisthemainpurposeofthewriter’swritingthetext?A．Toshareandreflectonajourney. B．Tosuggestanewwayoftravel.C．Toadvocateprotectionofbiodiversity. D．TointroduceandpromoteChineseculture.【语篇解读】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者住在云南喜洲，这在历史悠久的茶马古道上，他遇到了要用双脚环游地球的保罗•萨洛佩科，于是决定陪保罗在云南徒步旅行，本文描写了他们一路上的见闻和感悟。4．D【解析】推理判断题。根据第一段中“IhavetoadmitthatwhenIfirstheardthatPaulSalopekwasgoingtowalktheentireglobeonhisowntwofeet,Iwasblownaway.Icouldn’timaginethattherecouldbesuchanunusualpersonintheworld.(我不得不承认，当我第一次听说保罗•萨洛佩科要用自己的双脚环游整个地球时，我被震撼了。我无法想象世界上会有这样一个不寻常的人。)”可推知，作者最初对保罗的旅行计划感到吃惊。故选D。5．B【解析】推理判断题。根据第二段中的“Hetalkedtomewithgreatexcitementaboutthehistory,migrations,anddiscoveriesinmyregionofChina.HespokeoftheShu-YanduDao(theSouthernSilkRoad),thetravelsofthe17th-centuryChineseexplorerXuXiake,theTeaHorseRoadandtheearly20th-centuryAmericanbotanistJosephRock.HealsotalkedofXuanzang.PaulconsideredmanyofthemheroesandinasenseChinesepioneersofslowjournalism.(他兴奋地跟我讲起我所在的中国地区的历史、移民和发现。他谈到了南方丝绸之路——蜀身毒道，17世纪中国探险家徐霞客的旅行，茶马古道，以及20世纪初美国植物学家约瑟夫•洛克。他还谈到了玄奘。保罗认为其中许多人都是英雄，从某种意义上说，他们是中国慢新闻的先驱。)”可推知，保罗•萨洛佩科对中国有一定的了解。故选B。6．D【解析】主旨大意题。根据第四段“Wemetmanypeopleontheroad.Somewerecurious,surroundingusandwatchingus;somegaveusdirections;someinvitedusintotheirhometotakearest;somespokeofthecharmoftheirhometown.Wemetmanybeautifulsouls,simplesoulsandwarmsouls.Wewerewalkingwithourminds.(我们在路上遇到了许多人。有些人很好奇，围着我们，看着我们；有人给我们指路；有些人邀请我们去他们家休息；一些人谈到了家乡的魅力。我们遇见了许多美丽的灵魂、朴素的灵魂和温暖的灵魂。我们在用我们的思想行走。)”可知，第四段主要说明了作者和保罗遇到了形形色色的人，他们与人们建立了联系。故选D。7．A【解析】推理判断题。根据最后一段“Lookingbackonthemorethan200milesIwalkedwithPaul,Icametoarealization.Walkingforitsownsake,whilehealthyandadmirable,isonlyasmallpartofthebenefitofmovingwithourfeet.Adeeperrewardisrediscoveringtheworldaroundus,shorteningthedistancebetweeneachother,andsharingeachother’scultures.(回顾我和保罗一起走过的200多英里，我有了一个认识。为步行而步行，虽然健康和令人钦佩，但只是用我们双脚移动的一小部分好处。更深层次的回报是重新发现我们周围的世界，缩短彼此之间的距离，分享彼此的文化。)”并结合全文可知，本文主要讲述了作者住在云南喜洲，这里在历史悠久的茶马古道上，他遇到了要用双脚环游地球的保罗•萨洛佩科，于是决定陪保罗去云南，文章描述了他们路上的见闻和感悟。由此可推知，文章的目的是分享和回顾一段旅程。故选A。C（2023上·广西·高二）WilberforceTushemereirweholdsupagenetically-modifiedbananathattookmillionsofdollarsand20yearstomake.ItcontainsalargeamountofprovitaminA,asubstancethattransformsintovitaminAinthebody.This“superbanana”wascreatedatUganda’sNationalAgriculturalResearchLaboratoriesforthenoblestofcauses:tosavethelivesofthousandsofchildrenwhodieinUgandaeveryyearfromalackofvitaminA．VitaminAshortageremainsaseriousglobalpublichealthproblem.TheWorldHealthOrganizationestimatesthat190millionpreschoolchildrensufferfromvitaminAshortagetoday,mostlyinsub-SaharanAfricaandSoutheastAsia.Itistheleadingcauseofpreventableblindnessinchildren.Italsoinhibitschildren’sgrowthandweakenstheirresistancetoillnessessothatmanydiefromtreatablediseasessuchasdiarrheaandmeasles.InUganda,oneoftheworld’spoorestcountries,itremainshighonthelistofhealthrisks,whichmakesiturgenttofindwaystodealwiththecondition.TheUgandangovernmenthastriedfordecadestosolvetheproblem—withlimitedsuccess.DistributionofvitaminAcapsules,forexample,workedwellinurbanareasbutfailedtoreachthosemostinneedinruralareas.IncreasingcornandwheatflourandeatableoilswithvitaminAprovedmoreeffective.Butthosefoodsarenotconsumedinlargeenoughamountstomakeameaningfuldifference.Bananas,amainstapleoftheUgandandiet,seemedtobeabetteroption.Yet,oneproblemstillremains.FredWanyu,aUgandantriballeaderandlinguist,sayshisancestorsconsideredthebanana“themotherofsociety”.Farmersworrythatanewsuperbananawilldistort(扭曲)Ugandanbananaculturedramatically.Thoughherespectstheancestors,Wanyualsobelievesthatifalittlepieceofbananaisaddedtoasisterbanana,developingintosomethingbetter,“Ithinkwewillliveinabetterworld.”“That’swhatmanyUgandanswishforastheystruggletheirwayoutofmalnutritionandextremepoverty.”“Cultureisdynamic,”Wanyusaid.“Otherwise,wewouldcontinuewritingonstones.”8．Whywasthesuperbananacreated?A．Toincreasetheproductionofbananas.B．ToassistUgandanpeopleinfightinghunger.C．TohelpthehumanbodyabsorbmorevitaminA．D．TosavechildrensufferingfromvitaminAshortage.9．Whatisthemainpurposeofparagraph2?A．ToshowwaysofpreventingvitaminAshortage.B．Toexplaintheleadingcauseofblindnessinchildren.C．Tostresstheurgencyofdevelopingthesuperbanana.D．Tointroducesomeseriousglobalpublichealthproblems.10．WhatisWanyu’sattitudetowardsthesuperbanana?A．Positive. B．Doubtful. C．Indifferent. D．Disapproving.11．What’sthebesttitleforthetext?A．Advantagesof“SuperBanana”B．Explorationof“SuperBanana”C．WideSpreadof“SuperBanana”D．LargeOutputof“SuperBanana”【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了新型“超级香蕉”的诞生。8．D【解析】细节理解题。根据第一段“This“superbanana”wascreatedatUganda’sNationalAgriculturalResearchLaboratoriesforthenoblestofcauses:tosavethelivesofthousandsofchildrenwhodieinUgandaeveryyearfromalackofvitaminA.(这种“超级香蕉”是由乌干达国家农业研究实验室发明的，目的是为了最崇高的事业：挽救乌干达每年因缺乏维生素A而死亡的数千名儿童的生命)”可知，这种“超级香蕉”是由乌干达国家农业研究实验室研制出来的，目的是为了挽救乌干达每年因缺乏维生素A而死亡的数千名儿童的生命。故选D。9．C【解析】推理判断题。根据第二段“VitaminAshortageremainsaseriousglobalpublichealthproblem.TheWorldHealthOrganizationestimatesthat190millionpreschoolchildrensufferfromvitaminAshortagetoday,mostlyinsub-SaharanAfricaandSoutheastAsia.Itistheleadingcauseofpreventableblindnessinchildren.Italsoinhibitschildren’sgrowthandweakenstheirresistancetoillnessessothatmanydiefromtreatablediseasessuchasdiarrheaandmeasles.InUganda,oneoftheworld’spoorestcountries,itremainshighonthelistofhealthrisks,whichmakesiturgenttofindwaystodealwiththecondition.(维生素A短缺仍然是一个严重的全球公共卫生问题。世界卫生组织估计，目前有1.9亿学龄前儿童缺乏维生素A，主要分布在撒哈拉以南非洲和东南亚。它是导致儿童可预防失明的主要原因。它还抑制儿童的生长，削弱他们对疾病的抵抗力，因此许多人死于腹泻和麻疹等本可治疗的疾病。在乌干达，这个世界上最贫穷的国家之一，它仍然在健康风险清单上名列前茅，因此迫切需要找到应对这种疾病的方法)”可推知，该段主要的写作目的是为了强调研制超级香蕉的迫切性。故选C。10．A【解析】推理判断题。根据最后一段“Thoughherespectstheancestors,Wanyualsobelievesthatifalittlepieceofbananaisaddedtoasisterbanana,developingintosomethingbetter,“Ithinkwewillliveinabetterworld.”“That’swhatmanyUgandanswishforastheystruggletheirwayoutofmalnutritionandextremepoverty.”“Cultureisdynamic,”Wanyusaid.“Otherwise,wewouldcontinuewritingonstones.”(虽然他很尊重祖先，但Wanyu也认为，如果把一小块香蕉加到姐妹香蕉上，发展成更好的香蕉，“我想我们会生活在一个更好的世界。“这是许多乌干达人在努力摆脱营养不良和极端贫困时所希望的。”“文化是动态的，”Wanyu说：“否则，我们会继续在石头上写字。”)”可知，Wangyu相信把一种香蕉通过转基因技术嫁接到另一种香蕉上，可以得到更好的香蕉，这会使人们生活得更好。这也是许多乌干达人在努力摆脱营养不良和极端贫困时所希望的。由此推知，他对超级香蕉的态度是积极的。故选A。11．B【解析】主旨大意题。根据第一段“This“superbanana”wascreatedatUganda’sNationalAgriculturalResearchLaboratoriesforthenoblestofcauses:tosavethelivesofthousandsofchildrenwhodieinUgandaeveryyearfromalackofvitaminA.(这种“超级香蕉”是由乌干达国家农业研究实验室发明的，目的是为了最崇高的事业：挽救乌干达每年因缺乏维生素A而死亡的数千名儿童的生命)”及全文可知，文章主要介绍干达国家农业研究实验室为了挽救每年因患维生素A缺乏症而死亡的数千名儿童的生命，不断努力，最终研制出“超级香蕉”。由此可知，“Explorationof“SuperBanana”(“超级香蕉”的探索)”作为文章标题最为合适。故选B。D（2023上·广东东莞·高二）ThedaysofhavingtorememberyourIDcouldsoonbeathingofthep