2025年高二英语寒假衔接（外研版）专题15 综合提升练习二 解析版

试卷第=page2020页，共=sectionpages2121页专题15综合提升练习二第一部分：听力（共两节，满分30分）第一节听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1．Whatdoesthewomanneedtobuy?A．Aruler. B．Afile. C．Somepens.【答案】A【原文】W:Ineedtogetafileforthenewterm.M:Theywillgiveusoneonthefirstdayatschool.W:Good.Igotmypensatthestartoftheholidays,sothere’snoneedtogetanythingelse,apartfromaruler.2．HowdidthewomangettoCanada?A．Byplane. B．Bytrain. C．Bycar.【答案】C【原文】M:HowdidyougettoCanada,Jane?Didyoufly?W:Iwasplanningto.Youknow,it’sunwisetogoonsuchalongtripbytrain.ButFreddecidedtodriveandinvitedmetojoinhim.Ittookustwodaysandanight.3．Whatwillthemandonext?A．Attendaparty. B．Buysomelightsinashop. C．Borrowaguitarfromthewoman.【答案】B【原文】M:Hello,Kim?Iwantsomespeciallightsformypartytonight.Canyoubringsome?W:Sorry,Ican’t.Trytheshopintown.Doyouwanttoborrowmyguitartonight?M:Nothanks.I’llgototheshopnow.4．Howmuchwillthemanpayforhimselfandhischild?A．$5. B．$5.5. C．$7.5.【答案】C【原文】M:Itsoundsfarfromheretotheamusementpark.Howmuchdoesitcost?W:Yeah,it’sreallyfar.Thebusfareis$5foryouandyourchildhasa50%discount.5．Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A．Anaccident. B．Ahouse. C．Astorm.【答案】C【原文】W:Wemovedoutbeforeitreachedthisarea.Whenwereturned,Ifoundtherewaswatereverywhere,eveninmybedroom.M:Itwasreallyscary.Theroofofmyhousewasblownawaybythewind.第二节听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。6．WhatisthepurposeofMr.Parker’scall?A．Toplaceanorder. B．Tochangehisorder. C．Torequestaquickdelivery.7．Whatdoesthemanmeanintheend?A．There’snoneedtocallthedriver.B．BadBoysisnotonthedriver’slist.C．ThegoodshavealreadyarrivedatBadBoys.【答案】6．C7．A【原文】W:Dave,hasn’tthetruckwhichdeliversthegoodsgoneouttotheelectronicsshopsyet?M:Thetruckleftherefiveminutesago.Whyyouask?W:IjustreceivedacallfromMr.Parker,themanagerofBadBoysElectronicsStore,andhesaidthathewasinahurrytoreceivethegoods.Ithinkyou’dbettercallthetruckdriverandaskhimtogettherefirst.M:Idon’tthinkIhavetodothat.AsfarasIamconcerned,BadBoysisfirstonhislist.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。8．Whatrelationisthemantothewoman?A．Herhusband. B．Herboss. C．Herco-worker.9．Whatdoesthewomanthinkofmakingsmalltalk?A．Easy. B．Impolite. C．Time-wasting.【答案】8．C9．A【原文】M:Linda,Idon’tknowhowtogetalongwellwithotherclerksintheoffice.I’mupset.W:Whynotchatandmakesmalltalk?Itcanimproveyourrelationswithothers.M:Isn’titawasteoftimedoingthat?W:It’snotwastingtimeifyoudoitatcertaintimes,basically,duringbreaksandatlunch.Also,smalltalkshouldnotbeviewedasatimetogetpersonalinformation.That’simpolite.Well,infact,it’snotdifficulttomakesmalltalk.M:Hmm,Isee.Whatelse?W:Bob,Iknowthisisimportant,butcanwetalkafterwork?Wehaveaprojecttocompletebeforetheendoftheday.Don’tyourememberthedeadline?Howaboutaconversationoverlunch?听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。10．Whereisthewomanstudying?A．InCordoba. B．InSeville. C．InMadrid.11．Whatisthewoman’spart-timejob?A．Ateacher. B．Anurse. C．Awaitress.12．Whatcanwelearnfromtheconversation?A．Thewomandancesalot.B．Thewomanlikesplayingchess.C．ThemanhasneverbeentoSpain.【答案】10．B11．C12．A【原文】M:Hello,Lynn.Iknowyou’refromSpain,whichcityareyoufrom?FromMadrid?W:No,I’mfromCordobainthesouth.M:Mm,lovely,I’vebeentheremanytimes.Andwhatdoyoudothere,Lynn?W:Well,I’mastudent.I’mstudyingpsychologyatuniversityinSeville,whichisabigcitynearCordoba.M:Psychology!That’sinteresting.Andwhatdoyouplantodowhenyougraduate?W:I’mnotsureyet.ButperhapsIwilltrytoworkinahospital.M:Isee.Andwhatdoyoudoinyoursparetime?W:Well,Idon’thavemuchfreetimebecauseIhavetostudyalotandIhaveapart-timejobasawaitressinarestaurant.ButIliketoplaytennisandseemyfriends.I’llalsogodancingalotandnowI’mlearningtraditionalSpanishdancing.M:Thatmustbeveryinteresting.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。13．Whatisthematterwiththewoman?A．Shecan’tfallasleepeasily. B．Shehasbreathingproblems. C．Sheoftenquarrelswithherhusband.14．Whatdoesthewomanusuallydowhenshegetsdepressed?A．Shetakessomepills. B．Shelooksattheceiling. C．Sheeatsalotoffood.15．Howoftenshouldthewomantakethepills?A．Onceaday. B．Twiceaday. C．Threetimesaday.16．Whatdoesthemanadvisethewomantodo?A．Goonadiet. B．Gotobedearly. C．Returninseveraldays.【答案】13．A14．C15．A16．A【原文】M:Mrs.Bishop,pleasesitdown.Now,tellme,what’sthetrouble?W:Well,it’slikethis,doctor.WhenIgettosleepIcountthesheepandthen,IendupwakingmyselfupandIspendhoursjustlying,staringattheceiling.Myhusbanddoesn’thelpmucheither,withhisbreathing.M:Mmm,Isee.Issomethingworryingyou?W:Well,yes,thereis.Yousee,Ijustseemtobegettingfatterandfatter.Iwenttothegym.Iwentswimming.Iwentjogging.ButIdidn’tloseanyweight.EverytimeIlookinthemirror,Ifeelmoreandmoredepressedandsothen,whatshouldIdo?M:Well,Mrs.Bishop.Whatdoyoudo?W:Igodownstairsintothekitchenandopenthefridge.ThenIgobacktobedfeelingsick,aswellasdepressed.Ifeelsodisappointedinmyself.WhatshouldIdo?M:Isee.Well,herearesomesleepingpills.They’llcalmyournervesandhelpyourest.Taketwotabletshalfanhourbeforegoingtobedatnight,andhere’sadiet.Ithinkyoushouldstartstraightaway.Comebackandseemeinacoupleofweeks.Alright?W:Oh,thankyou,doctor.听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。17．Whoisthespeaker?A．Atourguide. B．ATVhost. C．Aradiohost.18．HowlongwillCastleHowardopen?A．Forabout5months. B．Forabout6months. C．Forabout7months.19．WhatcantouristsseeintheDiningRoom?A．Oldchina. B．Newair-conditioners. C．Fascinatingpaintings.20．WhydoesthespeakersuggestfamiliesgotoCastleHoward?A．Thefoodisdelicious. B．Thepriceisattractive. C．Thegroundsarelarge.【答案】17．C18．B19．A20．B【原文】M:Welcometothisweek’sprogram.Thisweekwe’regoingtotalkaboutCastleHowardinSussex.Asyoumayknow,CastleHowardwasbadlyburntinafiretwoyearsago.ButitwillbeopentothepublicforthefirsttimeintwoyearsonSunday,the2ndofApril.Theopeningtimesarefrom10:00a.m.to5:30p.m.fromMondaytoFriday,10:30a.m.to4p.m.onweekends.You’llbeabletovisititallthroughthesummeruntilthe1stofOctober,whenitwillbeclosedagain.It’swellworthavisit.You’llneedawholedayjusttowanderarounditssplendidrooms.OfparticularinterestistheDiningRoomintheWestWingwithitsfascinatingcollectionofchina,datingbacktothe17thcentury.Youshouldalsotakeadvantageofitswonderfulgrounds.Youcanevenhaveyourlunchintheopen-airrestaurantbehindthecastle,asettingwithnoairconditioning.CastleHowardisagreatdayoutforallthefamilywithitsreasonablepricestoo!Forafamilytour,thechildrengetinfreeofcharge.That’sallfortoday,listeners.Butdon’tmissnextweek’sprogram.第二部分

阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节

（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。TheDoubleNinthFestivalisatraditionalChinesefestivalwhichtakesplaceontheninthdayoftheninthmonthintheChinesecalendar.Ithasarichhistoryandseveralculturaltraditionsassociatedwithit.Peoplecelebratebyspendingtimewiththeirolderfamilymemberstoshowloveandappreciation.Thisfestivalhighlightstheimportanceoffamilyandtakingcareofoneanother.HikingItisacherishedtraditioninChina.Thisfestivaloffersaperfectopportunitytobeaddictedtothebeautyofnatureasautumnsetsin.HikingonDoubleNinthFestivalwasalreadypopularintheTangDynasty,andalotofpoemsweredevotedtothiscustom.Admiringchrysanthemums(菊花)Itisaonemorelong-standingtradition.Chrysanthemumshavelongbeenassociatedwiththeideaoflongevity(长寿)andhealthinChineseculture.Thebrightyellowandwhitecoloursoftheflowerarebelievedtobringpositiveenergytopeople.DrinkingchrysanthemumwineChrysanthemumflowersarehighlyregardedinChinesecultureandareoftenassociatedwithgoodfortune,prosperity,andlove.Theyareconsideredasymbolofhappinessandgoodluck.Thissymbolismmakeschrysanthemumwineapopularchoiceduringfestiveoccasions.EatingChongyangCakeItisaculturalandsymbolictraditionthatiscompletelyconsistentwiththespiritoftheDoubleNinthFestival.Thiscakerepresentslongevity,respectfortheelderly,andthejoyofcelebratingtheautumnseason,makingitanessentialpartofthefestivitiesduringthisspecialholiday.1．Whichofthefollowingisrelatedtogoodfortuneaccordingtothetext?A．Hiking. B．Whitewine.C．Chrysanthemum. D．ChongyangCake.2．WhatdochrysanthemumsandChongyangCakebothrepresent?A．Lengthenedlife. B．Naturalbeauty.C．Greatwealth. D．Respectingteachers.3．Inwhichsectionofamagazinecanwereadthetext?A．Food. B．Culture. C．Nature. D．Education.【答案】1．C2．A3．B【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了中国传统节日重阳节期间一些活动。1．细节理解题。根据第四段“ChrysanthemumflowersarehighlyregardedinChinesecultureandareoftenassociatedwithgoodfortune,prosperity,andlove.(菊花在中国文化中受到高度重视，通常与好运、繁荣和爱情联系在一起。)”可知，菊花通常与好的运气、繁荣和爱联系在一起。故选C。2．细节理解题。根据Admiringchrysanthemums部分中“Chrysanthemumshavelongbeenassociatedwiththeideaoflongevity(长寿)andhealthinChineseculture.(在中国文化中，菊花一直与长寿和健康联系在一起。)”和EatingChongyangCake部分的“Thiscakerepresentslongevity,respectfortheelderly,andthejoyofcelebratingtheautumnseason,makingitanessentialpartofthefestivitiesduringthisspecialholiday.(这种蛋糕代表着长寿、尊敬老人和庆祝秋天的喜悦，使它成为这个特殊节日庆祝活动的重要组成部分。)”可知，菊花和重阳糕都象征着长寿。故选A。3．推理判断题。根据第一段“TheDoubleNinthFestivalisatraditionalChinesefestivalwhichtakesplaceontheninthdayoftheninthmonthintheChinesecalendar.Ithasarichhistoryandseveralculturaltraditionsassociatedwithit.Peoplecelebratebyspendingtimewiththeirolderfamilymemberstoshowloveandappreciation.Thisfestivalhighlightstheimportanceoffamilyandtakingcareofoneanother.(重阳节是中国的传统节日，在农历九月初九举行。它有着丰富的历史和与之相关的几种文化传统。人们通过花时间与年长的家庭成员一起来表达爱和感激来庆祝。这个节日强调了家庭和彼此照顾的重要性。)”以及文章主要介绍的是中国重阳节的一些传统习俗和文化可知，文章应该出自杂志的文化专栏。故选B。BAishaisthefounderofTheSmileProject,anon-profitorganizationdesignedtospreadjoyincommunitiesandeducationalinstitutions.Aishafromtheageof17hassetoutonajourneytofindthetruemeaningofhappiness.Therewasnoadviserorguidereachingouttohelpherdefinewhatqualifiesas“happiness”andwhatdoesn’t.Shemaycontinuetopursueitbutisconfidentthathappinessliesinthingsthatarenotonlysmallbutsimple.ThecampaignofTheSmileProjectbeganinthelateautumnof2021asAishadrovehomefromschool.“ItwasunusuallywarmforthattimeofyearandIhadmywindowsdownandmyradioup.Icouldn’ttellyouasinglesongthatwasontheradio,butIrememberIwashappy,”sherecalled.“Itwasmorethanthat,though.MostdaysIwouldhavejustfelttheemotionofjoy,smiled,andmovedon.”“IgothomeandIdidwhatany17-year-oldteenagerwoulddowhentheythinktheyhavealife-changingmessagetocommunicatewiththepublic.Ipostedasocialmediaupdatestarting,‘Day1:Happinessis…thoseperfectcarrideswheretheradiojustplaysalltherightsongs.’”Asday1turnedintoday2,3,4andnownearly3300consecutivedaysoffindingjoy,TheSmileProjecthasgrownintoafull-grownhappinesscampaignwithonesimplemission:sharejoy.Aishastartedwritingdownwhatmadeherhappyeachday.One“Happinessis”atatime.Thispracticeofwritingdailyjoygrewinto“TheSmileProject”.Shehasinspiredmanyacrosstheglobetopause,reflect,andfindthatonejoythatmayhavebrighteneduptheday.4．WheredoesAishathinkhappinesscanbefound?A．Intheclassroom. B．Onherjourneys. C．Ineverydaylife. D．Fromheradviser.5．WhatdoweknowaboutAishawhenTheSmileProjectbegan?A．Shewasinhighspirits. B．Shemetwithsomeaccidents.C．Shewasinadepressedmood. D．Shesufferedfromhotweather.6．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“consecutive”inparagraph4probablymean?A．Difficult. B．Peaceful. C．Ordinary. D．Continuous.7．Whatcontributedto“TheSmileProject”?A．Sharingrightsongswithothers. B．Writingajoyeveryday.C．Communicatingwiththepublic. D．Inspiringpeopletopauseandreflect.【答案】4．C5．A6．D7．B【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章讲述了Aisha是“微笑计划”的创始人，她从17岁起就开始了寻找幸福真谛的旅程。她每天都写下让她高兴的事情，这一惯例逐渐发展成为“微笑计划”。4．细节理解题。根据第一段“Shemaycontinuetopursueitbutisconfidentthathappinessliesinthingsthatarenotonlysmallbutsimple.(她可能会继续追求幸福，但她相信，幸福不仅存在于小事中，而且存在于简单的事情中。)”可知，艾莎认为日常生活中可以找到幸福。故选C。5．推理判断题。根据第二段“Icouldn’ttellyouasinglesongthatwasontheradio,butIrememberIwashappy(我说不出收音机里有哪首歌，但我记得我当时很开心。)”可知，当微笑计划开始时，艾莎情绪高昂。故选A。6．词句猜测题。根据划线词上文“Asday1turnedintoday2,3,4andnownearly3300(从第一天变成了第2、3、4天，到现在已经有近3300个。)”可知，从第1天到第2天，第3天，第4天，到现在已经接近3300天寻找快乐，说明寻找快乐是持续的，故划线词意思是“持续的”，故选D。7．细节理解题。根据最后一段“Aishastartedwritingdownwhatmadeherhappyeachday.One“Happinessis”atatime.Thispracticeofwritingdailyjoygrewinto“TheSmileProject”.(艾莎开始写下每天让她快乐的事情。一次一个“幸福是”。这种记录日常快乐的做法后来发展成了“微笑计划”。)”可知，每天写下快乐促成了“微笑计划”。故选B。CNASAhasdevelopedaglobalsealevelchangewebsite,whichincludesinformationonprojectedsealevelrisethroughtheyear2150forcoastlinesaroundtheworld,aswellaspredictionsofhowmuchfloodingacoastalcommunityorregioncanexpecttoseeinthenext30years.TheDefenseDepartmentapplythesealevelrisedatatoitsplanstopredictandrespondtothreatsposedtoitsfacilitiesbytheeffectsofrisingoceans.Similarly,theStateDepartmentusestheinformationforactivitiesrangingfromdisasterpreparednesstolong-termadaptationplanningtosupportingpartnersaroundtheworldinrelatedefforts.“Weareatamomentoftruthinourfightagainsttheclimatecrisis.Thesciencemustserveasthebedrockuponwhichdecision-makingisbuilt,”saidAssistantSecretary-GeneralSelwinHart,specialadvisertotheUnitedNationssecretary-generalonclimateactionandjusttransition.NASA-leddataanalyseshavedemonstratedthatbetween1970and2023,96%ofcountrieswithcoastlineshaveexperiencedsealevelrise.Therateofthatglobalrisehasalsoaccelerated,morethandoublingfrom0.08inches(0.21centimeters)peryearin1993toabout0.18inches(0.45centimeters)peryearin2023.Astherateofsealevelriseincreases,millionsofpeoplecouldfacetherelatedeffectssoonerthanpreviouslyprojected.DataissuedearlierthisyearfoundthatPacificIslandnationswillexperienceatleast6inches(15centimeters)ofsealevelriseinthenext30years.Thenumberofhigh-tideflooddayswillincreasebyanorderofmagnitudefornearlyallPacificIslandnationsbythe2050s.“Thedataisclear:Sealevelsarerisingaroundtheworld,andthey’rerisingfasterandfaster,”saidBenHamlington,asealevelresearcheratNASA’sJetPropulsionLaboratoryinSouthernCaliforniaandheadoftheagency’ssealevelchangescienceteam.“Havingthebestinformationtomakedecisionsabouthowtoplanforrisingseasismoreessentialthanever.”8．WhatdoestheStateDepartmentemploydatafromNASAtodo?A．Bringsealevelriseundercontrol.B．Planshort-termteamworkwithpartners.C．Designactivitiestoprepareagainstdisasters.D．Predictthepotentialthreatsofclimatechange.9．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“accelerated”inParagraph4mean?A．Spedup. B．Refreshed. C．Shownup. D．Transformed.10．WhatdoesBenHamlingtonintendtoexplain?A．Sealevelwillgoupfasterthanever.B．InformationfromNASAisofgreatvalue.C．NASAneedstodecideonhowtostopsealevelrise.D．It’snecessarytomakeplansforseawaterimprovement.11．Whatisthesuitabletitleforthetext?A．ProblemofRisingSeaLevelNeedstobeSolvedBadlyB．NASAMakesNewBreakthroughsinManyMoreFieldsC．NASADataHelpsInternationalCommunityPrepareforSeaLevelRiseD．ScientificDepartmentsDoResearchintoOceanIssuesandSolutions【答案】8．C9．A10．B11．C【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述美国国家航空航天局开发了一个全球海平面变化网站，为国际社会采取那些应对海平面上升的各种工作提供宝贵信息。8．细节理解题。根据第二段中“Similarly,theStateDepartmentusestheinformationforactivitiesrangingfromdisasterpreparednesstolong-termadaptationplanningtosupportingpartnersaroundtheworldinrelatedefforts.(同样，国务院将这些信息用于从备灾到长期适应规划，再到支持世界各地合作伙伴开展相关工作等活动)”可知，国务院运用NASA提供的信息设计备灾活动。故选C项。9．词句猜测题。划线词句后文“morethandoublingfrom0.08inches(0.21centimeters)peryearin1993toabout0.18inches(0.45centimeters)peryearin2023.(从1993年的每年0.08英寸（0.21厘米）增加到2023年的每年约0.18英寸（0.45厘米），翻了一倍多)”说明全球海平面上升的速度在加快，从而推知划线词句“Therateofthatglobalrisehasalsoaccelerated(全球海平面上升的速度也在accelerated)”其中划线短语应为“加快，加速”的意思，与A项同义。故选A项。10．推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Havingthebestinformationtomakedecisionsabouthowtoplanforrisingseasismoreessentialthanever.(掌握最好的信息来制定如何应对海平面上升的决策，比以往任何时候都更加重要)”可知，BenHamlington想解释NASA提供的信息很有价值。故选B项。11．主旨大意题。通读全文，根据第一段“NASAhasdevelopedaglobalsealevelchangewebsite,whichincludesinformationonprojectedsealevelrisethroughtheyear2150forcoastlinesaroundtheworld,aswellaspredictionsofhowmuchfloodingacoastalcommunityorregioncanexpecttoseeinthenext30years.(美国国家航空航天局开发了一个全球海平面变化网站，其中包括到2150年全球海岸线海平面上升的预测信息，以及未来30年沿海社区或地区预计会出现多少洪水的预测)”和第二段“TheDefenseDepartmentapplythesealevelrisedatatoitsplanstopredictandrespondtothreatsposedtoitsfacilitiesbytheeffectsofrisingoceans.Similarly,theStateDepartmentusestheinformationforactivitiesrangingfromdisasterpreparednesstolong-termadaptationplanningtosupportingpartnersaroundtheworldinrelatedefforts.(国防部将海平面上升的数据应用到其计划中，以预测和应对海平面上升对其设施造成的威胁。同样，国务院将这些信息用于各种活动，从备灾到长期适应规划，再到支持世界各地的合作伙伴开展相关工作)”可知，本文主要讲述了美国国家航空航天局开发了一个全球海平面变化网站，为国际社会采取那些应对海平面上升的各种工作提供宝贵信息。C项“NASA数据帮助国际社会为海平面上升做好准备”为最佳标题。故选C项。DForaslongasthere’sbeenanintelligencequotient(IQ)test,there’sbeenargumentoverwhatitmeasures.DoIQscoresshowaperson’sintellectualcapacity,whichsupposedlyremainsunchangeableovertime?OristheIQexamreallyanachievementtestthat’ssubjecttofluctuations(波动)inscores?Thefindingsofanewstudyaddevidencetothelatterone:IQseemstobeastandardofacquiredknowledgethatprogressesinfitsandstarts.TheresearchersatUniversityCollegeLondonreportdocumentingsignificantfluctuationsintheIQsofagroupofBritishteenagers.Theresearcherstested33healthyteenagersbetweentheagesof12and16years.Theyrepeatedthetestsfouryearslaterandfoundthatsometeensimprovedtheirscoresbyasmuchas20pointsonthestandardofIQmeasurement.“Wewereverysurprised,”CathyPrice,wholedthestudy,said.Shehadexpectedchangesofafewpoints.“ButwehadindividualsthathadbigfluctuationsandchangedfromanIQof100toanIQof127,”sheadded.Priceandhercolleaguesusedbrainscanstoconfirmthatthesebigfluctuationsinperformancewerenotoccasional,orjustanaccident.Asweknow,therearelotsoffactorsthatmayexplainchangesinIQ.Thoughthisstudydidnotattempttoprovethem,lotsofformerresearchhasfoundthateducationalenvironmentiskey.SomeresearchershavefoundthatstrictacademiccurriculaleadtoimprovedIQscores.Teens’personalities,careermoralsandthehomeenvironmentsareimportant,too.“Thisstudyshouldmakeeducatorsandparentsthinktwice.ItshouldwarnthemofassumingthatonelowIQscore,atonetime,isshowingallthatanindividualiscapableof,”StephenCeci,aprofessoratCornellUniversity,said.“Althoughmanyresearchersstillsaythere’sloadsofevidencetoshowthatIQscoresdorevealsomethingessentialaboutachild’sintellectualgifts,there’saconsensus(共识)thatonetestisnotdeterministic.Itcan’taccuratelyassessaperson’stalentsorfuturepotential.”12．Whydoestheauthorlistquestionsinparagraph1?A．Tointroduceanewtheory. B．Tocelebratethestudy’ssuccess.C．ToexplaintheconceptofIQ. D．TopromotethestandardofIQ.13．WhatcanwelearnfromCathyPrice’sstatement?A．Shewassatisfiedwiththestudy’sresults.B．Shewasdoubtfulaboutthestudy’sresults.C．Thestudy’sresultswerejustaccidentalphenomena.D．Thestudy’sresultswereinconsistentwithherexpectations.14．Whatdoesparagraph4mainlytalkabout?A．FactorsthatmayleadtochangesinIQ. B．ThebenefitsofboostingIQscores.C．ThestrategiesforenhancingIQscores. D．ExperimentsconductedtostudyIQ.15．WhatdoesStephenCecithinkofeducatorsandparents’thoughtsofIQscores?A．Theymakekidsmoresensitive. B．Theyarewrong.C．Theyarebelievable. D．TheyhelpkidsimproveIQscores.【答案】12．A13．D14．A15．B【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章讨论了关于智商测试(IQtest)长期存在的争议，并介绍了伦敦大学学院的一项新研究，该研究表明青少年的IQ分数在几年内可能会有显著的变化，这挑战了传统上认为IQ是固定不变的观点。12．推理判断题。根据第一段中“Foraslongasthere’sbeenanintelligencequotient(IQ)test,there’sbeenargumentoverwhatitmeasures.DoIQscoresshowaperson’sintellectualcapacity,whichsupposedlyremainsunchangeableovertime?OristheIQexamreallyanachievementtestthat’ssubjecttofluctuations(波动)inscores?(只要存在智力商数(IQ)测试，就一直存在关于它测量什么的争论。智商分数显示一个人的智力能力，这种能力据说随着时间的推移是不可改变的吗？还是智商考试实际上是一个成绩测试，分数会随波动而变化？)”可知，作者通过列出关于IQ测试的问题来引入一个长久以来的争论，即IQ测试到底衡量的是什么。因此推断作者这样做的目的是为了引出一种新的理论或观点，即IQ可能不是固定的，而是可变的。故选A。13．推理判断题。根据第三段中CathyPrice的陈述““Wewereverysurprised,”CathyPrice,wholedthestudy,said.Shehadexpectedchangesofafewpoints.“ButwehadindividualsthathadbigfluctuationsandchangedfromanIQof100toanIQof127,”sheadded.(“我们非常惊讶，”领导这项研究的凯茜·普赖斯说。她原本预计只有几分的变化。“但我们有些人的波动很大，智商从100分变成了127分，”她补充道)”可知，她对研究结果感到惊讶，因为这些结果与她的预期不符。故选D。14．主旨大意题。根据第四段“Asweknow,therearelotsoffactorsthatmayexplainchangesinIQ.Thoughthisstudydidnotattempttoprovethem,lotsofformerresearchhasfoundthateducationalenvironmentiskey.SomeresearchershavefoundthatstrictacademiccurriculaleadtoimprovedIQscores.Teens’personalities,careermoralsandthehomeenvironmentsareimportant,too.(正如我们所知，有许多因素可能解释智商的变化。尽管这项研究并未试图证明它们，但许多以往的研究发现教育环境是关键。一些研究人员发现严格的学术课程会导致智商分数提高。青少年的性格、职业操守和家庭环境也很重要。)”可知，本段主要讨论了可能导致IQ变化的因素，包括教育环境、个性、职业道德和家庭环境等。故选A。15．推理判断题。根据最后一段““Thisstudyshouldmakeeducatorsandparentsthinktwice.ItshouldwarnthemofassumingthatonelowIQscore,atonetime,isshowingallthatanindividualiscapableof,”StephenCeci,aprofessoratCornellUniversity,said.“Althoughmanyresearchersstillsaythere’sloadsofevidencetoshowthatIQscoresdorevealsomethingessentialaboutachild’sintellectualgifts,there’saconsensus(共识)thatonetestisnotdeterministic.Itcan’taccuratelyassessaperson’stalentsorfuturepotential.”(“这项研究应该让教育工作者和家长三思。它应该警告他们，不要以为一次低智商分数就显示了一个人的全部能力，”康奈尔大学教授斯蒂芬·切西说。“尽管许多研究人员仍然表示，有大量证据表明智商分数确实揭示了儿童智力天赋的本质，但有一个共识是，一次测试并不是决定性的。它不能准确地评估一个人的才能或未来潜力。”)”可知，StephenCeci的观点是，教育工作者和家长不应该假设一次低的IQ分数就能完全代表一个人的能力，这表明他认为他们对于IQ分数的看法是有误的。故选B。第二节

（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。Inthe1920s,RussianpsychologistBlumaZeigarnikobservedastrangething.Whilediningout,shewasimpressedbythecomplexordersthewaiterswereabletorememberatonetime.1ThisobservationgaverisetothestudyofwhatwouldbecomeknownastheZeigarnikEffect.TheZeigarnikEffectreferstoourtendencytorememberincompleteorinterruptedtasksbetterthancompletedones.AtfirstglancetheZeigarnikEffectcanseemlikeahandyadaptation:It’sgoodtorememberthethingsweneedtodo,andit’sapositivethingtowanttofinishthethingswestart.2First,eachincompletetaskyourbrainremindsyouabouttakesupabitofyourattention,makingithardertoconcentrateonwhateveryou’recurrentlyworkingon.Second,evenifwemanagetophysicallydisconnectfromwork,theZeigarnikEffectensuresthatourunfinishedtasksfollowushome.Theybringtroubletoourvacations,ourweekends,andevenoursleep.3Sowhatcanyoudoaboutit?Writeyourtasksdown.Yourbrainisaterriblefilingsystem.Insteadofkeepingtasksinyourhead,makeahabitofwritingthemdownassoonastheycometoyou.4Makeaplanfortomorrowbeforeyouendtheworkdaysoyourunfinishedtasksdon’tremaininyourmindafter-hours.Don’tforgettolookbackathowfaryou’vecome.5Therefore,reviewyourcompletedtasksattheendofeveryweektocelebratewhatyou’vealready.A．Establishaworkshutdownroutine.B．Haveasystemforexpandingyourjobskills.C．Theproblemwhenitcomestoourproductivityistwo-fold.D．Yetwhencustomerscheckedout,theseweretotallyforgotten.E．Wealwaysquicklyforgeteverythingwe’vealreadyaccomplished.F．Weneedawaytomentallydisconnectinourhoursawayfromwork.G．Youhavetoactuallycompleteallofyourtaskstofeelmentalrelieffromit.【答案】1．D2．C3．F4．A5．E【导语】本文为一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了20世纪20年代，俄罗斯心理学家BlumaZeigarnik观察到一件奇怪的事情。外出就餐时，服务员一次就能记住的复杂订单给她留下了深刻的印象。然而，当顾客结账时，这些都被完全遗忘了。这一现象称之为蔡加尼克效应。通过对这一现象的研究，说明了我们如何在下班后，在精神上得到解脱。1．根据空前“Inthe1920s,RussianpsychologistBlumaZeigarnikobservedastrangething.Whilediningout,shewasimpressedbythecomplexordersthewaiterswereabletorememberatonetime.(20世纪20年代，俄罗斯心理学家BlumaZeigarnik观察到一件奇怪的事情。外出就餐时，服务员一次就能记住的复杂订单给她留下了深刻印象。)”可知，空前介绍心理学家BlumaZeigarnik观察到的一个现象，故D项“然而，当顾客结账时，这些都被完全遗忘了。”符合，此空继续描写观察到的这一现象，与前文构成转折关系，故选D项。2．根据空前“AtfirstglancetheZeigarnikEffectcanseemlikeahandyadaptation:It’sgoodtorememberthethingsweneedtodo,andit’sapositivethingtowanttofinishthethingswestart.(乍一看，蔡加尼克效应似乎是一个方便的适应；记住我们需要做的事情是件好事，想要完成我们开始的事情是一件积极的事情。）”以及后文“First,eachincompletetaskyourbrainremindsyouabouttakesupabitofyourattention,makingithardertoconcentrateonwhateveryou’recurrentlyworkingon.Second,evenifwemanagetophysicallydisconnectfromwork,theZeigarnikEffectensuresthatourunfinishedtasksfollowushome.(首先，你大脑提醒你的每一项未完成的任务都会占用你的一点注意力，使你更难专注于你目前正在做的事情。其次，即使我们设法从身体上脱离工作，蔡加尼克效应也会确保我们未完成的任务会跟着我们回家。)”可知，此空承上启下，故C选项“当谈到我们的生产力时，这个问题是双重的。”符合，引出后文的提到的两方面的问题，一方面，大脑提醒你为完成的任务会让你很难专注你目前的事情，另一方面，即使身体上脱离了工作，但此效应也会让未完成的任务跟着我们回家，故选C项。3．根据空前“Theybringtroubletoourvacations,ourweekends,andevenoursleep.(它们给我们的假期、周末甚至睡眠带来了麻烦。)”可知，前文提到蔡加尼克效应使我们未完成