2024-2025学年新教材高中英语Unit1FestivalsandCelebrationsSectionⅠListeningandSpeakingReadingandThinking学案含解析新人教版必修第三册

PAGEUNIT1FESTIVALSANDCELEBRATIONSTheenthusiasticBrazilianCarnivalTheannualCarnivalinBrazilisauniquefestival.Itisalsothemostimportantethnic­celebration.ItcomesbetweentheendofFebruaryandthebeginningofMarcheveryyear.Hundredsofthousandsoftouristsfromoverseaswereattractedtojointhefeastofrejoicing.Themain“course”ofthecarnivalistheSamba.MonthsbeforetheCarnival,someprofessionalSambaschoolswillsetouttocomposemusic,rehearsedancesanddesigncostumesaccordingtothecurrentthemeoftheCarnival.TheCarnivalishighlightedwiththeSambacompetitions,whereeverySambaschoolwouldsendthousandsofdancerstoparticipate.Everyschoolhas90minutestodemonstratetheirperformanceandhavethemgradedbyexperts.ThewinnerisgivenonemillionUSdollars.GenerallytheticketsfortheSambacompetitionwouldbesoldoutamonthinadvance.SevenhundredthousandtouristsswarmedthecoastalcityofRiodeJaneiroforCarnival.Whoevertheyare—poororrich,celebratedorordinarypeople—theyarealljustdancers,dayandnight.开启快乐学习之旅激情四射的巴西狂欢节在巴西，一年一度的狂欢节是一个独特的节日，也是最重要的民族庆典，于每年2月底至3月初实行，吸引着海外多数游客前往尽享乐宴。狂欢节的“主菜”是桑巴舞表演。狂欢节起先前的几个月，一些专业的桑巴舞学校便会依据当年的狂欢节主题着手制作音乐、编排舞蹈并设计服饰。桑巴舞大赛是狂欢节的高潮，每所桑巴舞学校都会出动数千名舞者参赛，各校有90分钟的时间进行表演，由专家评定成果，获胜者可以得到100万美元。通常，桑巴舞竞赛的入场券会在一个月前就售光。70万游客奔着狂欢节涌入里约热内卢这个海滨城市。他们不分贫富贵贱，都只是舞者，日夜尽情跳舞。模块核心素养导航SectionⅠListeningandSpeaking，ReadingandThinkingⅠ.重点单词1．lanternn．灯笼；提灯2．costumen．(某地或某历史时期的)服装；戏装3．marchvi.&n.行进；前进；示威游行4．congratulatevt.向(某人)道贺；(因某事)为自己感到骄傲→congratulationn．庆贺；恭喜5．riddlen．谜语；神奇事务6．ceremonyn．典礼；仪式7．rangen．一系列；范围，界限vi.包括；(在肯定范围内)改变8．originn．起源；起因；出身→originatevi.起源→originaladj.原来的；最初的n．原件；正本；原稿→originallyadv.原来；起初9．religionn．宗教；宗教信仰→religiousadj.宗教的；笃信宗教的10．figuren．人物；数字；身材vt.认为；认定11．charmn．魅力；迷人的特征；咒语→charmingadj.令人着迷的；迷人的；吸引人的12．joyn．兴奋；喜悦→joyfuladj.兴奋的；快乐的13．gratituden．感谢之情；感谢→gratefuladj.感谢的；表示感谢的14．harvestn．收获季节；收获；收成vi.&vt.收割(庄稼)；捕猎(动物、鱼)15．agriculturen．农业；农艺→agriculturaladj.农业的16．cropn．庄稼；作物；一季的收成17．gathervi.聚集；集合vt.聚集；搜集；收割→gatherern．采集者→gatheringn．聚集；聚会18．featurevt.以……为特色n．特色；特征；特点19．decoratevt.装饰；装潢→decorationn．装饰物→decorativeadj.装饰的20．churchn．(基督教的)教堂；礼拜堂21．significantadj.有重大意义的；显著的→significancen．意义；含义；重要性22．fadevi.&vt.渐渐消逝；(使)褪色；(身体)变得虚弱23．typicaladj.典型的；有代表性的；平常的→typicallyadv.典型地，有代表性地；始终，一向→typen．类型；种类24．eviladj.邪恶的；有害的；罪恶的n．邪恶；罪恶；恶行25．commercialadj.商业(化)的；以获利为目的的→commercialis(z)evt.使商业化；利用……牟利→commercialis(z)­ationn．商业化26．mediumn．(pl,media)媒介；手段；方法adj.中等的；中号的27．reflectvt.显示；反映；反射→reflectionn．映像；思索；反映28．beliefn．信仰；信念；信任→disbeliefn．不信；怀疑；怀疑→believevt.&vi.信任29．faithn．宗教信仰；信任；信任→faithfuladj.忠实的→faithfullyadv.忠实地30．occasionn．特殊的事情(或仪式、庆典)；(适当的)机会Ⅱ.重点短语1．dress(sb.)up穿上盛装；装扮2．afterall终归；别忘了3．rangefrom...to...从……到……之间改变4．fadeaway渐渐消逝；(身体)变得虚弱5．inspiteof不管；尽管6．takeadvantageof利用；欺瞒；占……的便宜7．themedia大众传播媒介8．havesth.incommon(爱好、想法等方面)相同；有相同的特征9．takeplace实行；发生10．decorate...with...用……装饰11．playarolein在……中起作用12．withthedevelopmentof随着……的发展13．driveaway驱逐；驱车离开Ⅲ.重点句型1．However，no_matter_howdifferenttheymayseem，allovertheworld，thespiritofsharingjoy，gratitude，love，orpeaceiscommoninallfestivals.然而，无论它们看起来多么不同，在这个世界上，共享快乐、感恩、爱或和平的精神是全部节日共有的。2．Onlineshoppingwebsitesandsocialmediaappshavemadeitmucheasierforthepublictospendmoreongiftsfortheirlovedones.在线购物网站和社交媒体应用程序让公众更简洁为他们心爱的人花更多的钱买礼物。3．Theyareoccasionsthatallowustorelaxandenjoylife，andforgetaboutourworkforalittlewhile.它们是让我们放松，享受生活，短暂遗忘工作的机会。4．Andifyoustudyfestivalscarefully，youmaybesurprisedtofindthatdifferentculturesactuallyhavealotincommonafterall.假如你细致探讨节日，你可能会惊异地发觉不同的文化其实有很多共同点。1congratulationn．庆贺；恭喜[典型例句]GiveOscarmycongratulations.请向奥斯卡转达我的庆贺。Edwardofferedhiscongratulationstomyfamily.爱德华向我全家表示庆贺。[思维拓展]offer/sendone'scongratulationstosb.(onsth.)(为某事)向某人表示庆贺express/acceptone'scongratulations表示/接受某人的庆贺congratulatevt.向(某人)道贺；(因某事)为自己感到骄傲congratulatesb.on/upon(doing)sth.因(做)某事向某人庆贺congratulateoneselfonsth.为某事庆贺/感到兴奋[易混辨析]congratulate,celebratecongratulate庆祝，庆贺。指对某人取得的成就或喜庆之事表示庆贺，其宾语是人，表示就某事庆贺某人时，常与介词on搭配celebrate庆祝，庆贺。通常指实行盛大隆重的仪式来庆祝或纪念有意义的日子或某件事情，多示意节日般的快乐场面，宾语为事务留意：(1)congratulation用于胜利、毕业、结婚等个人庆祝活动，不用于节日致辞等。(2)表示详细的庆贺或贺词时常用复数形式，但表示抽象意义的庆贺时，一般用单数形式。Theyreceivedmanylettersofcongratulation.他们收到很多庆贺信。[即学即练]一句多译我们庆贺你通过了高考。(1)CongratulationstoyouonyourpassingtheCollegeEntranceExamination.(congratulation)(2)Weoffer/sendourcongratulationstoyouonyourpassingtheCollegeEntranceExamination.(congratulation)(3)Wecongratulateyouon/uponyourpassingtheCollegeEntranceExamination.(congratulate)eq\o(\s\up7(2),\s\do5())eq\a\vs4\al(rangen.一系列；范围，界限vi.包括；在肯定范围内改变)[典型例句]Ihaveawiderangeofinterests.我有广泛的爱好。Theanimalisstillbeyondrangeofmygun.那只动物还在我的枪的射程之外。Hehasanumberofinterests，rangingfromplayingchesstoswimming.他的爱好很多，从下棋到游泳。[思维拓展]eq\b\lc\\rc\(\a\vs4\al\co1(awiderangeof一系列/各种……,afullrangeof各种……,in/withinrangeofsth.在射程以内，在……范围内,outof/beyondrangeofsth.在射程外，在……范围外,outof/beyondone'srange＝outof/beyondtherange,ofsb.某人实力达不到的))eq\b\lc\\rc\}(\a\vs4\al\co1(rangefrom...to...,rangebetween...and...))eq\a\vs4\al(在……范围内变动；,从……到……不等)[即学即练](1)Thechildwasnowoutofherrangeofvision.这孩子现在走出了她的视线。(2)Thereisafullrangeofactivitiesforchildren.有给孩子们供应的各种活动。(3)Shehashadanumberofdifferentjobs,rangingfromcheftoswimminginstructor.她做过很多不同的工作，从厨师到游泳教练。3eq\a\vs4\al(religionn.宗教；宗教信仰)[典型例句]IslamandBuddhismaretwoofthegreatreligionsoftheworld.伊斯兰教和佛教是世界上的两大宗教。Weshallnotgiveupthefreedomofreligion.我们绝不放弃宗教信仰自由。[思维拓展]religiousadj.宗教上的；信奉宗教的；虔诚的Thesetwocountrieshadthreereligiouswarsintwentyyears.这两个国家在20年里发生过三次宗教上的冲突。[即学即练]Weshouldrespectthereligious(religion)activitiesofthelocalpeople.eq\o(\s\up7(4),\s\do5())eq\a\vs4\al(figuren.人物；数字；身材；人影；身影vt.认为；认定)[典型例句]Temperaturesreacheddoublefiguresforthefirsttimethisspring，goingashighas14degrees.今年春天的温度第一次达到了两位数，高达14度。Isawthefigureofawomanbelowthebridge.我望见桥下有一个妇女的身影。Mostwomenhavetowatchtheirfigures.大多数妇女不得不留意体形。[思维拓展]keepone'sfigure保持体形figureout理解；解决IfIhaveamap，Icanfigureitout.假如我有一张地图，我就能解决它。[图解助记][即学即练]写出下列句中figure的含义(1)Hewasoneofthegreatfiguresinourcountry.人物(2)Lisawasveryfrightenedasshesawafigureinthedarkness.人影(3)Itwouldbeveryniceifwehadatruefigureofhowmanypeopleinthiscountryhaven'tgotajob.数字(4)Ifigurethathewasdrunkandshouldn'tbeallowedtodrive.认为5eq\a\vs4\al(gathervi.聚集；集合vt.聚集；搜集；收割)[典型例句]Thousandsofpeoplegatheredoutsidetheembassy.大使馆外面聚集了成千上万的人。Weareallexpectingthefamilygather.我们都很期盼这次家庭聚会。[思维拓展]gather(a)round聚集gathertogether聚在一起gathersth.up/together收拢分散的东西[即学即练]Hisfailureatthefirstattemptdidn'tdisappointhim.Instead,hegathered(gather)hiscourageandtriedasecondtime.6eq\a\vs4\al(gratefuladj.感谢的；表示感谢的)[典型例句]HewasextremelygratefultoGlodstoneforhissupport.他特别感谢格拉德斯通的支持。[思维拓展]begratefultosb.感谢某人begratefulforsth.感谢某事Iwouldbeverygratefulifyoucouldlendmeahand.假如你能帮我的忙，我将特别感谢。[即学即练]Don'ttakeitforgrantedthatyourbrothershouldhelpyououtoftrouble.Youshouldbegratefultohim.7eq\a\vs4\al(decoratevt.装饰；装潢)[典型例句]WedecoratedtheChristmastreewithlights.我们用灯来装饰圣诞树。I'mgoingtodecoratethebathroomnext.接下来我要装修浴室。留意：decorate不接双宾语，而采纳decoratesth.withsth.结构。Thewallwasdecoratedwithsomepictures.墙上装饰着几幅画。[思维拓展]decorationn．装饰；装潢[即学即练]Ontheirweddingday,theirnewflatwasdecorated(decorate)withfreshflowersandballoons.8eq\a\vs4\al(significantadj.有重大意义的；显著的)[典型例句]Yoursuccesstodaymaybesignificantforyourwholefuture.你今日的胜利对你的整个将来可能是重要的。Hegaveherasignificantlook.他意味深长地看了她一眼。[思维拓展]significantlyadv.有重大意义地；明显地；显著地；意味深长地Thecountry'seconomicstrengthhasincreasedsignificantly.这个国家的经济实力已经明显增加。Shandong'slevelofutilizingforeigncapitalhasrisensignificantly.山东利用外资的水平已经显著提高。significancen．意义；意思；重要性；重要意义IthinkIhavecometounderstandthesignificanceofyourwork.我想我已慢慢了解了你的工作的意义。Heunderstandthesignificanceofmygesture.他明白了我打手势的意思。Themeasuresthatourgovernmenthastakentocontroltherisinghousepriceareofgreatsignificanceinmanyaspectsinourcountry.我们政府调控房价上涨的措施在我国的很多方面都有着重大意义。[即学即练]MoststudentsthinkitimportanttojointheEnglishcorner,thoughafewhaven'trealizedthesignificance(significant)ofit.9eq\a\vs4\al(typicaladj.典型的；有代表性的；平常的)[典型例句]ThisisatypicalexampleofRomanpottery.这是一件典型的罗马陶器。Itwastypicalofhimtobesorude.他一向都很无礼。[思维拓展]eq\b\lc\\rc\(\a\vs4\al\co1(sth.istypicalof...某物是……的典型,Itistypicalofsb.todosth.某人一向……))typicallyadv.典型地；一般地[即学即练]Samuelcan'thelphavingabignose—Itistypicalofhimtobecuriousaboutothers'affairs.10eq\a\vs4\al(reflectvt.显示；反映；反射；思索)[典型例句]Ihavebeenreflectingonthematter.我始终在思索这个问题。Hisfacewasreflectedinthemirror.他的脸映照在镜子里。[思维拓展]reflecton/upon考虑，思索；给……带来(坏)影响reflectsb./sth.insth.(指镜子等)映出某人/物的影像reflectsth.fromsth.从某物(表面)反射(光、热、声等)reflectionn．反射；反照；反映；映像；倒影；深思belostinreflection陷入深思中onreflection经过慎重的思索withoutreflection未经考虑reflectiveadj.反射的；深思的reflectorn．反射器，反射镜[图解助记][即学即练](1)Helookedathisfacereflected_inthemirror.他看着镜子中自己的脸。(2)Theheatreflectedfromthewhitesandformedamirage.热气经白色的沙面反射形成蜃景。(3)Ineedtimetoreflectonyouroffer.我须要时间来考虑你的建议。11eq\a\vs4\al(beliefn.信仰；信念；信任)[典型例句]Thereisageneralbeliefthatthingswillsoongetbetter.大家普遍认为状况很快就会好转。Hehasgreatbeliefinhisdoctor.他对他的医生无比信任。ShehaslostherbeliefinGod.她已不信任上帝。[思维拓展]havebeliefinsth./sb.对某事物/人的真实性和正确性所具有的信念beyondbelief令人难以置信popularbelief普遍的看法religious/politicalbeliefs宗教/政治信仰Itissb.'sbeliefthat...某人信任/认为……[即学即练]Dissatisfactionwiththegovernmenthasgrownbeyondbelief.12eq\a\vs4\al(faithn.宗教信仰；信任；信任)[典型例句]Havingfaithinthemassesistherequirementbygovernment.信任群众是对政府的要求。Undernocircumstanceshallwelosefaithinthefuture.在任何状况下，我们都不该对将来失去信念。Faithcanmovemountains.[谚]精诚所至，金石为开。Ihavefaithinyou.我对你有信念。[思维拓展]keepfaithwith对……守信用eq\b\lc\\rc\(\a\vs4\al\co1(loseone'sfaith失去信仰,havefaithin信任……,losefaithin对……失去信念))faithlessadj.不忠诚的，不行信任的faithfuladj.忠实的，忠诚的faithfullyadv.忠诚地，忠实地befaithfultosb./sth.忠于某人/某事[即学即练]Theheadmasterhasfaithinmyabilitytotakecareofthechildren.eq\o(\s\up7(13),\s\do5())eq\a\vs4\al(occasionn.特殊的事情或仪式、庆典；适当的机会)[典型例句]Ononeoccasion，shecalledmeinthemiddleofthenight.有一次她深更半夜打电话给我。Imeetheronoccasionatthecluborinthetheatre.我有时在俱乐部或剧院里会遇到她。[思维拓展]onoccasion有时；间或onthis/thatoccasion这/那次；在这/那种场合下ontheoccasionofsth.在(重要事务)之际occasionaladj.偶然的occasionallyadv.间或[即学即练]Iwasnotathomeonthatoccasion.考点集训一单句语法填空1．Weofferedourcongratulations(congratulate)tohimonhissuccessinbusiness.2．—Whatisthecostofyourskirtshere,sir?—Itdependsonwhichfashionyouwanttobuy,andthepricesrangefrom100dollarsto500dollars.3．Christian,BuddhismandHinduismarethemainreligions(religion)intheworld.4．ImerelydidthebestIcouldandtriedtofigureouthowtosolvetheproblemsIhadn'tlearnedinschool.5．Tokeepher(she)figure,shebeganeatingahealthierdietofmorefruitsandvegetables,andlessmeat.6．Thecloudsaregathering(gather)．Itlooksasifitisgoingtorain.7．Weallfeelverygratefulforwhatyoudidforus.8．Thespaceissmallwithonlyafewdiningtablesandnearlynodecoration(decorate),buttheenvironmentistrulycharming.9．Thediscoveryofthenewdrugisofgreatsignificance(significant)topeoplesufferingfromheartproblems.10．Itistypicalofhimtotakehardjobs.11．Typically(typical),theyearlyaverageamountofmoneyspentonthechildren'seducationisgoingupwardsallthetime.12．Inthesecultures,silenceisacallforreflection(reflect)．13．WheneverIreflecton/uponthosedaysIspentathome,Ican'thelpfeelinghappy.14．Theartistshadlittlefaithinthepoliticalleaderwhocametopowerafterthewar.1eq\a\vs4\al(dresssb.up穿上盛装；装扮)[典型例句]It'sasmallinformalparty—youdon'thavetodressup.这是个非正式的小型聚会——你不用穿得那么正式。Wedressedhimupasagorilla.我们把他装扮成大猩猩。Shedressesupherhouselikeapalace.她把自己的家装饰得像宫殿一样。[思维拓展]dress(sb.)upas...(把某人)装扮/装扮成dresssth.up修饰某物dresssb.insth.给某人穿上……bedressedin穿……的衣服getdressed穿衣服[即学即练]AtChristmas,hedressedupasSantaClausandgaveoutgiftstochildren.2eq\a\vs4\al(afterall终归；别忘了)[典型例句]Don'tgetdiscouragedbysetbacks;wearenewtotheworkafterall.别因挫折而灰心，终归我们不熟识这项工作。Hedidcomeafterall.他终究还是来了。[思维拓展]atall根本；完全notatall一点也不inall总共，共计aboveall首先，最重要的是(强调诸多事物中最重要的)firstofall首先(强调次序)allinall总的来说[即学即练](1)Helongsabove_alltoseehisfamilyagain.他尤其渴望再见到家人。(2)Firstofall,_letthemintroducethemselvestous.首先，让他们向我们做自我介绍。(3)Allinall,_hedidn'tagreewithwhathissonsaid.总之，他没同意他儿子所说的话。(4)Hehasdoneitwell.Afterall,_heisonlyalearner.这件事他做得很好了，终归，他只是个初学者。3eq\a\vs4\al(fadeaway渐渐消逝；身体变得虚弱)[典型例句]Thenthosememorieswillnotfadeawaywithinashortperiod.那么这些记忆就不会在短期内消逝。Ifyoudon'tstarteatingproperlyyou'regoingtofadeaway.你假如不起先合理进食，身体就会衰弱下去。[思维拓展]fadeout(声音、画面)渐渐模糊；渐淡fadein淡入；慢慢显示出；使渐强(指电影、电视中的画面与声音)fadeup渐强(指电视、广播中的声音)dieaway指(声音、风、光线等)渐渐消逝diedown指渐渐减弱，渐渐熄灭[即学即练](1)Thesoundhaddiedaway(或fadedout)．声音已渐渐消逝了。(2)Itwasdarkandthenoisedieddown.天黑了，热闹声渐渐消逝了。(3)Theshapesfadedawayintothenight.那些影子消逝在夜色中。4eq\a\vs4\al(inspiteof不管；尽管)[典型例句]Hereachedhisgoalsinspiteofhisdisability.尽管他有残疾，他还是实现了他的目标。Inspiteofhisoldage，hestilllivesanactivelife.尽管他年事已高，他照旧过着一种劳碌的生活。Theywentswimminginspiteofallthedangersigns.他们无视那些危急告示牌，还是去游泳了。[思维拓展]despite＝inspiteof尽管despitethefactthat不管……withoutregardto不考虑；不顾及regardless不管；不顾regardlessof不顾，不惜Thelawrequiresequaltreatmentforall,regardlessofrace,religion,orsex.这一法律要求公允对待每一个人，不管种族、宗教信仰或性别。[即学即练]Hedoeswellatschoolinspiteofhavingtodopart­timejobseverynowandthen.eq\o(\s\up7(5),\s\do5())eq\a\vs4\al(havesth.incommon爱好、想法等方面相同；有相同的特征)[典型例句]Tomysurprise,IfoundIhadalotincommonwiththisstranger.让我惊异的是，我和这个生疏人有很多共同之处。IhavenothingincommonwithJane!我和简毫无共同之处！[思维拓展]havealot/much/agreatdealincommonwith与……有很多共同之处havenothing/littleincommonwith 与……没有/很少有共同之处incommon共有；共同incommonwith与……一样commonsense常识[即学即练]Incommonwithmosteducatedpeopleheprefersclassicalmusictojazz.考点集训二单句语法填空1．Dressed(dress)inschooluniform,thestudentsaredoingmorningexercisesintheplayground.2．Littlegirlslovedressing(dress)upasanglesforthefestival.3．Don'texpecttopassthedrivingtestatyour/thefirstattempt.Afterall,_you'vebeenlearningtodriveforonlyacoupleofdays.4．Thesememoriesremainforashortperiodandwillfadeawaywithinoneortwodays.5．Inspiteofdifficulties,hesucceededinfinishinghistask.6．Incommonwithothermiddle­agedpeople,Ilikejogginginthemorning.eq\o(\s\up7(1),\s\do5())However，nomatterhowdifferenttheymayseem，allovertheworld，thespiritofsharingjoy，gratitude，love，orpeaceiscommoninallfestivals.然而，无论它们看起来多么不同，在这个世界上，共享快乐、感恩、爱或和平的精神是全部节日共有的。(1)句式分析：这是一个主从复合句。nomatterhowdifferenttheymayseem是让步状语从句；thespiritofsharingjoy，gratitude，love，orpeaceiscommoninallfestivals是主句，是主系表结构。(2)句首的However是副词，意为“但是；不过；然而”。however作此用法时，可置于句首、句中或句末，但必需与句子的其他成分用逗号分隔开来。(3)句中nomatterhow引导让步状语从句，表示“无论如何”“不管怎样”，可替换为however。[思维拓展]“疑问词＋­ever”引导的从句：(1)whenever，wherever，however引导让步状语从句，相当于nomatterwhen/where/how。(2)whatever，whoever，whichever，whomever既可引导名词性从句，也可引导让步状语从句，在引导让步状语从句时相当于nomatterwhat/who/which/whom。(3)“nomatter＋疑问词”只能引导让步状语从句，可放在主句前或主句后。However(＝Nomatterhow)hardyoushout，Grannywon'tbeabletohearyou.不管你叫得多响，奶奶都听不到你的声音。Sailinginroughweathercanbeveryunpleasant.However，wefounditexciting.天气不好的时候航行很可能不畅快。然而，我们却觉得很刺激。[即学即练](1)Everyyear，whoevermakesthemostbeautifulkitewillwinaprizeintheKiteFestival.→Everyyear，nomatterwhomakesthemostbeautifulkitewillwinaprizeintheKiteFestival.(2)Whateverhappens，Iwillstandbyyou.→Nomatterwhathappens，Iwillstandbyyou.(3)Nomatterwhobreaksthelaw，heshouldbepunished.→Whoeverbreaksthelawshouldbepunished.eq\o(\s\up7(2),\s\do5())Onlineshoppingwebsitesandsocialmediaappshavemadeitmucheasierforthepublictospendmoreongiftsfortheirlovedones.在线购物网站和社交媒体应用程序让公众更简洁为他们心爱的人花更多的钱买礼物。(1)句式分析：这是一个简洁句。主语是Onlineshoppingwebsitesandsocialmediaapps，谓语是havemade，it是形式宾语，easier是宾语补足语，tospendmoreongiftsfortheirlovedones是真正的宾语。(2)“动词＋形式宾语it＋宾补＋真正的宾语”结构：①能用于上述结构的动词有make，think，find，believe，feel，consider；②宾补的两种常见形式：形容词、名词(词组)；③真正的宾语的常见形式：不定式(短语)、v.­ing(短语)、that引导的从句。用v.­ing(短语)作真正的宾语时，宾补通常是nouse，nogood，fun等；④当真正的宾语为不定式时，不定式可有自己的逻辑主语，该逻辑主语用for引出。该结构中的“形式宾语it＋宾补＋真正的宾语”有时可改写为宾语从句。Ifeelitourresponsibilitytoprotecttheenvironment.我认为爱护环境是我们的责任。Nomatterwhereheis，hemakesitaruletogoforawalkbeforebreakfast.无论他在哪儿，他都习惯在早餐前漫步。Hemadeitclearthathewantedmetostayforanotherweek.他清晰地表示他希望我能再待一周。Ifeelitnousequarrelingwithhimaboutit.我认为为这事和他争吵没什么用。Itwastheculture，ratherthanthelanguage，thatmadeithardforhimtoadapttothenewenvironmentabroad.是文化，而不是语言，使得他很难适应国外的新环境。Icanunderstandwhyastronautsfinditdifficulttoreadjusttolifeonearth.→Icanunderstandwhyastronautsfindthatitisdifficulttoreadjusttolifeonearth.我能够理解为什么宇航员觉得重新适应地球上的生活不简洁了。留意：“make＋it＋adj./n.＋(forsb./sth.)todosth.”结构在高考中常考查it作形式宾语的用法及宾补后面的非谓语动词的形式。在英语中形式主语和形式宾语只有it可以充当，其他词没有此用法。[即学即练](1)Thelittleboyfounditapleasuretohelphismotherwiththehousework.(2)Ihavemadeitclearthattomorrow'smeetingwillbeputofftillthedayaftertomorrowbecauseofthebadweather.eq\o(\s\up7(3),\s\do5())Theyareoccasionsthatallowustorelaxandenjoylife，andforgetaboutourworkforalittlewhile.它们是让我们放松，享受生活，短暂遗忘工作的机会。(1)句式分析：这是一个主从复合句。主句是Theyareoccasions，运用了主系表结构，后面是that引导的定语从句。(2)句中allow的意思是“允许”。allow还可作“赐予”讲。allow的常见用法：eq\b\lc\{\rc\(\a\vs4\al\co1(allowdoingsth.允许做某事,allowsb.todosth.允许某人做某事,allowsb.sth.赐予某人某物尤指金钱或时间；,答应给某人某物))Weallowsmokingonlyinrestrictedareas.我们只允许在指定的地点吸烟。Myparentsdon'tallowmetogooutatnight.我父母不允许我晚上出去。Heisnotallowedtostayoutlate.他不行以在外待到很晚。Heallowshissontoomuchmoney.他给他儿子的钱太多了。[即学即练]Wedonotalloweating(eat)intheclassrooms.eq\o(\s\up7(4),\s\do5())Andifyoustudyfestivalscarefully，youmaybesurprisedtofindthatdifferentculturesactuallyhavealotincommonafterall.假如你细致探讨节日，你可能会惊异地发觉不同的文化其实有很多共同点。(1)句式分析：这是一个主从复合句。主句是youmaybesurprisedtofind，前面是if引导的条件状语从句，后面是that引导的宾语从句。句中不定式短语tofind...作缘由状语。(2)不定式短语作缘由状语用法浅析：①形容词多是表示情感、感觉或心理活动的happy,pleased,surprised等；②不定式的逻辑主语一般为句子的主语，若不是，则在不定式前加上其自身的主语；假如强调不定式动作先于谓语动作或谓语所表示的状态，则不定式用完成式。Weareveryhappytocooperatewithyouinthisproject.在此项目中与你们合作，我们特别兴奋。Heisverygladforhissontohavemadesuchgrea