专题02-阅读填空(第03期)-江苏高考英语模拟试题分项汇编(教师版)

专题02阅读填空（第03期）-2023届江苏高考英语模拟试题分项汇编七选五【2023届江苏省南京市镇江市高三上学期第一次八校联考】TheSpotlightEffectHaveyoueverfeltasiftheentireworldwaswatchingwhileyoumadeamistake?Well,here’ssomegoodnews:it’slikelythatnooneevennoticed.____16____Wehavethisexperiencenotonlywhenwemakemistakesbutalsowhenweperformwell.Everytimewedosomethingthatisalittledifferentfromwhatweusuallydo,wemayassumethateveryonearounduswillnotice.Thespotlighteffectmighthappenwhenwemakeamistakeinagame,haveabadhairday,orgiveaterribleanswerinclass.____17____Inthesemoments,itfeelslikeeveryoneiswatching.Thespotlighteffectexistsbecauseweallgetusedtoseeingthingsthroughourowneyes.Everypersonisthemaincharacterinhisorherstory,andtheeventsofourlivesseemtohavegreatimportance.____18____Thespotlighteffectisaverycommonpartofthehumanexperience.However,insomecases,itcanleadtoextremesocialanxietyandnervousnessaroundotherpeople.Everyonesufferssomedegreeofsocialanxiety.Weallcareaboutwhatothersthink,andweallwanttobeliked.It’snormaltowonderaboutwhateffectwehaveonotherpeople.____19____Ifsomeoneissonervousthattheycan’tmakegooddecisions,thenit’stimetotakeactionandimprovethesituation.Learningaboutthespotlighteffectisimportantbecauseitcanhelpusreduceouranxiety.Nexttimeyoufeellikeeveryoneisstaringatyou,remindyourselfthatit’sjustyourmindplayingtricksonyou.____20____Ifyoufillyourmindwiththoughtsofyourfriendsandfamily,itwillhelpyoubelessself-conscious.A．However,thiscanbeaproblemwhentheanxietyistoomuchtohandle.B．That’swhyfewerpeoplenoticetheembarrassingcircumstancestheyencounter.C．Anothergoodexerciseistomakeanefforttonoticethepeoplearoundyou,ratherthanfocusingonyourself.D．Thespotlighteffectisatrickofthemindthatmakesusbelievethatpeoplenoticeusmoreoftenthantheyreallydo.E．Whatyoucandoatthismomentistoignorethem.F．Wearesobusyexaminingourselvesthatweactuallyobserveverylittleabouteveryonearoundus.G．Itcanalsoappearwhenwescoreabiggoal,asksomeoneonadate,ordoagooddeed.【答案】16．D

17．G

18．F

19．A

20．C【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了聚光灯效应的概念、成因和作用。16．由标题“TheSpotlightEffect(聚光灯效应)”，第一段“Haveyoueverfeltasiftheentireworldwaswatchingwhileyoumadeamistake?Well,here’ssomegoodnews:it’slikelythatnooneevennoticed.(当你犯错误时，你有没有觉得整个世界都在注视着你？好吧，这里有一些好消息：很可能没有人注意到)”和下文“Wehavethisexperiencenotonlywhenwemakemistakesbutalsowhenweperformwell.Everytimewedosomethingthatisalittledifferentfromwhatweusuallydo,wemayassumethateveryonearounduswillnotice.(我们不仅在犯错时，而且在表现出色时都有这种经历。每次我们做一些与平时稍有不同的事情时，我们都会认为周围的人都会注意到)”可知，上下文讲聚光灯效应出现的场合，当人们出错时，人们总觉得会被周围的许多人注意到，但事实真相是：很可能没有人注意到你的行为，说明聚光灯效应只是一种心理作用，是人们自己认为会被注意到的一种现象，可得出D选项“聚光灯效应是一种大脑欺骗我们的手段，让我们误以为别人注意到我们的次数比实际情况更多。”切题，呼应最后一段“Nexttimeyoufeellikeeveryoneisstaringatyou,remindyourselfthatit’sjustyourmindplayingtricksonyou.(下次当你觉得每个人都盯着你看的时候，提醒自己这只是你的大脑在捉弄你)”。故选D项。17．G选项“当我们取得一个大的目标，约某人约会或做一件好事时，它也会出现。”承接上文“Thespotlighteffectmighthappenwhenwemakeamistakeinagame,haveabadhairday,orgiveaterribleanswerinclass.(聚光灯效应可能发生在我们在比赛中犯错、头发糟糕或在课堂上给出糟糕的答案时)”讲聚光灯效应出现场合的具体事例。故选G项。18．由上文“Everypersonisthemaincharacterinhisorherstory,andtheeventsofourlivesseemtohavegreatimportance.(每个人都是他或她的故事中的主角，我们生活中的事件似乎很重要)”可知，人们很关注自己和自己身上发生的事情，该空与上文是因果关系，F选项“我们忙于审视自己，实际上很少观察周围的人。”承接上文讲因为人们更多得关注自己，所以很少注意周围的人。故选F项。19．A选项“然而，当焦虑太多而无法处理时，这可能是一个问题。”与上文“Everyonesufferssomedegreeofsocialanxiety.Weallcareaboutwhatothersthink,andweallwanttobeliked.It’snormaltowonderaboutwhateffectwehaveonotherpeople.(每个人都有一定程度的社交焦虑。我们都关心别人的想法，我们都想被人喜欢。想知道我们对其他人有什么影响是正常的)”讲“拥有一定程度的社交焦虑是正常现象”形成转折，引出焦虑太多会成问题的事实，衔接下文“Ifsomeoneissonervousthattheycan’tmakegooddecisions,thenit’stimetotakeactionandimprovethesituation.(如果有人过于紧张，无法做出正确的决定，那么是时候采取行动改善这种情况了)”讲针对这种情况要采取措施的内容。故选A项。20．C选项“另一个好的练习是努力去注意你周围的人，而不是专注于你自己。”承接上文“Nexttimeyoufeellikeeveryoneisstaringatyou,remindyourselfthatit’sjustyourmindplayingtricksonyou.(下次当你觉得每个人都盯着你看的时候，提醒自己这只是你的大脑在捉弄你)”讲克服聚光灯效应的具体策略。故选C项。七选五【江苏省苏州市2022--2023学年高三上学期八校联考指标调研】Lifecanbechallengingforteens.Theymustdealwithschoolwork,familylifeandfriendsatthesametimetofit.Feelingofsadness,frustrationandirritabilityarecommon._____16_____Theirnegativefeelingsdon'tcomeandgo.Instead,thoseintensefeelingscanpointtoadiseasecalleddepression—onethatmayrequiretreatment.It'seasytothinkthatdepressedpeoplesimplyfeelsadorhopeless.Formanyteensthatmaybetrue._____17_____Somekidswithdrawfromfriendsandfamily.Othersrespondwithangryoutbursts.Someteensmayskipschoolorstopeatingorsleeping.Teachers,parentsorevenateen'sclosefriendsmayfindithardtotellwhetherthesebehaviorsarejustpartofbeingateensorsignsofsomethingtrulyserious.Evendepressedteensmaynotrealizetheyhavethisproblem._____18_____MorethanthreemillionAmericansbetweentheagesof12and17experienceddepressionin2019.However,astudybyresearchersatHarvardandYaleuniversitiesfoundthathalfofallteenswithdepressiondon'tgethelpuntiltheybecomeadults.Andonlyoneinthreewillhavebeendiagnosedbytheirdoctor._____19_____"Icanonlyworkwithwhatyougiveme,"Deesays,themental-healthprofessionalinLincoln,Neb.Deesays,peersshouldalsoseekforsignsofdepression.Keepaneyeonyourfriends,sherecommends.Watchforsymptomsofisolation(孤立)orhopelessness._____20_____Anyofthesebehaviorscouldbeasymptomofdepression.Overall,knowingwho—andhow—tohelpisessentialforsuccessfullytreatingdepressioninteens.A．Andtheshareofthoseaffectedishigh.B．Somemaystartabusingalcoholordrugs.C．Teensshouldbehonestwiththeiranswers.D．Theproblemisthatdepressioninteenscanbehardtospot.E．Thereisalinkbetweenmentalillnessandsuicideinteens.F．Butforsometeens,thoseemotionstakeamoreextremeturn.G．Evenskippingclassescanbeasignthatsomethingseriousisgoingon.【答案】16．F

17．D

18．A

19．C

20．G【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章中介绍了青少年患抑郁症的现象。青少年患抑郁症的情况越来越严重。但是，问题在于发现抑郁症很难，甚至连青少年本人都没有意识到自己的问题。专家提出，家长、老师和青少年本人都要关注青少年抑郁的问题。16．上文“Lifecanbechallengingforteens.Theymustdealwithschoolwork,familylifeandfriendsatthesametimetofit.Feelingsofsadness,frustrationandirritabilityarecommon.”（对于青少年来说，生活是充满挑战的。他们必须同时兼顾学业、家庭生活和朋友。悲伤、沮丧和易怒的情绪是很常见的。）以及下文“Theirnegativefeelingsdon'tcomeandgo.Instead,thoseintensefeelingscanpointtoadiseasecalleddepression—onethatmayrequiretreatment”（他们的消极情绪不会来来去去。相反，这些强烈的感觉可能导致一种叫做抑郁症的疾病，可能需要治疗。）根据空前和空后内容可知，该空和上文应是转折关系。后文中提到的抑郁症是消极情绪极端化的体现。F选项：但对一些青少年来说，这些情绪发生了更极端的转变。故选F。17．上文“It'seasytothinkthatdepressedpeoplesimplyfeelsadorhopeless.Formanyteensthatmaybetrue”（人们很容易认为抑郁的人只是感到悲伤或绝望。对很多青少年来说，这可能是真的。）下文“Teachers,parentsorevenateen'sclosefriendsmayfindithardtotellwhetherthesebehaviorsarejustpartofbeingateensorsignsofsomethingtrulyserious”（老师、家长甚至是青少年的密友可能很难判断这些行为是青少年的一部分，还是一些真正严重的迹象。）由此推知，抑郁很难发现。D选项hardtospot切题。故选D。18．下文“MorethanthreemillionAmericansbetweentheagesof12and17experienceddepressionin2019”（2019年，超过300万12岁至17岁的美国人经历过抑郁症。）该空引出下文，A选项“受影响的比例很高”符合语境。故选A。19．根据下文精神健康专家Dee说的话“Icanonlyworkwithwhatyougiveme”（我只会根据患者告诉我的情况开展工作。）C选项“青少年应该对自己的问题做出诚实的回答”符合语境。故选C。20．根据空后的“thesebehaviorscouldbeasymptomofdepression(这些行为可能是抑郁症的症状)”可知，该空应该指出抑郁症的一些行为。G选项“Evenskippingclassescanbeasignthatsomethingseriousisgoingon(甚至逃课也可能是有严重问题发生的信号)。该选项中的even是对前文“symptomsofisolation(孤立)orhopelessness”的递进。故选G。七选五【江苏省泰州中学2022-2023学年高三上学期第一次月度检测】TVscanberecycled,andwhiletheprocessmayinvolvesomelegwork,it’softenworththetroublecomparedwiththealternative.AnunwantedTVcanfeellikeanalbatross(沉的负担)aroundyourneckespeciallyifit’sanoldone,whichtendstobeheavierandbulkierthannewerTVs.____16____IftheTVstillworks,thebestoptionmaybetosellordonateitratherthanskippingaheadtorecycling.Ifitdoesn’twork,though,orifyouhavedifficultyfindingsomeonewhowantsit,youstillhaveotherenvironmentallyresponsibleoptions.Likemanyelectronicdevices,TVscontainavarietyofmaterialssuchasplastic,heavymetals,andothertoxinsthatcanposeapollutionriskifnotdealtwithproperly.____17____EvenifyoufacenolegalconsequencesfortossingaTVintothetrash,however,therearealsopracticalandethicalreasonswhyrecyclingisabetterdecision.____18____Itisagoodideatocheckifyourlocalrecyclingorwaste-managementauthorityacceptse-wasteinsomeform,likespecialpickupdaysordrop-offevents;justdon’texpectittobequiteaseasyasputtingoutyourweeklypaperandplasticrecycling.Whilesomeelectronicdeviceslikecellphonesarecommonlyfreetorecycle,bereadytopayafeeforTVrecycling.Thatmightseemunfair:You’regivingawayaTVfullofusefulmaterialstoberecycledandreused,sowhyshouldyouhavetopayanything?____19________20____IftheTVespeciallylargeorheavy,consideraskingsomeonetohelpyoucarryit.A．TVscontainbothpotentiallyharmfulandpotentiallyvaluablematerials.B．RecyclingofTVsandothere-wasteisrequiredbylawin25U.S.states.C．TVsmayberecyclable,butthatdoesn’tmeantheycangodirectlyintoyourrecyclingbin.D．RecyclingaTVoftenmeansphysicallytransportingitsomewhere,whichistiringandneedscooperation.E．CombinedwiththebulkysizeandheavyweightofmanyTVs,thisaddsexpensetotherecyclingprocess.F．YetthereareafewwaystodisposeofaTV,dependinglargelyontheTV’sconditionandyourlocation.G．WhenTVsfirstarriveatarecyclingcenter,they’reoftencheckedtoseeiftheycanberepairedandreused.【答案】16．F

17．B

18．C

19．E

20．D【导语】这是一篇应用文。本篇文章介绍了电视回收利用时应该注意的事项。16．根据“IftheTVstillworks,thebestoptionmaybetosellordonateitratherthanskippingaheadtorecycling.Ifitdoesn’twork,though,orifyouhavedifficultyfindingsomeonewhowantsit,youstillhaveotherenvironmentallyresponsibleoptions.(如果电视还能用，最好的选择可能是卖掉或捐献，而不是跳到回收利用。然而，如果它不起作用，或者你很难找到想要它的人，你仍然有其他对环境负责的选择)”可知，在对电视回收利用之前，需要根据电视的情况以及你的所处环境来进行判断。F项“然而，有几种处理电视的方法，主要取决于电视的状况和您的位置”符合语境。F项中“dependinglargelyontheTV’sconditionandyourlocation”和后面的语境项呼应。故选F。17．根据“EvenifyoufacenolegalconsequencesfortossingaTVintothetrash,however,therearealsopracticalandethicalreasonswhyrecyclingisabetterdecision.(然而，即使你把电视扔进垃圾桶没有法律后果，回收利用是一个更好的决定也有现实和道德的原因)”可知，空中应该提到有法律规定要对电视进行回收利用。B项“美国25个州的法律要求回收电视和其他电子垃圾”，B项中的“bylaw”和后面的“nolegal”相呼应。故选B。18．根据“Itisagoodideatocheckifyourlocalrecyclingorwaste-managementauthorityacceptse-wasteinsomeform,likespecialpickupdaysordrop-offevents;(最好检查一下您当地的回收或废物管理机构是否以某种形式接受电子废物，如特殊的提货日或卸货活动)”可知，本段主要提到在对电视进行回收利用前要检查好是否电视能够直接进入回收站。C项“电视可能是可回收的，但这并不意味着它们可以直接进入回收站”符合语境。故选C。19．根据“Whilesomeelectronicdeviceslikecellphonesarecommonlyfreetorecycle,bereadytopayafeeforTVrecycling.(虽然手机等一些电子设备通常是免费回收的，但要准备好为电视回收支付费用)”可知，本段主要说明有时电视回收是需要付一定的费用的，所以空处需要说明付费的原因。E项“因为许多电视机体积大、重量重，这增加了回收过程的费用”符合语境。而且E项中的“expense”和前文中的“payafee”相呼应。故选E。20．根据“IftheTVespeciallylargeorheavy,consideraskingsomeonetohelpyoucarryit.(如果电视机特别大或很重，考虑请人帮你搬)”可知，本段主要提醒电视在回收的过程中需要人力运送，因为很累所以需要合作。D项“回收电视机通常意味着将其实际运送到某处，这很累，需要合作”符合语境。而且D项中的“needscooperation”和下文中的“askingsomeonetohelpyoucarryit”相呼应。故选D。七选五【江苏高邮市2022-2023学年高三上学期十月联考】Trappingusedtobeawaytomakeagoodliving.Thathascertainlychangedoverthepastseveralyears.Thedemandforfursisnearlygone.Environmentaliststhinktrappingiswrong.____36____Martinstartedtrappingwhenhewasnine.Hemakesaprettygoodlivingbytrappinganimalslikerabbits,foxes,etc.Hetrapsenoughanimalstomakeupforlowfurprices.“____37____Icanmakeupforlowfurpricesbybringinginmorethantheaveragetrapper,”hesaid.FarmersalsohireMartintotrapannoyinganimals.Hereceivestwodollarsforeachgopherhetraps.TheDepartmentofNaturalResourceshasalsocontractedwithMartin.Abouttwelvetimesayear,hetrapsbeaversthathavedestroyedprivateland.____38____Forexample,hishomeisfilledwithanimalskins.It’salsonoteasy.forhimtotakeadayoff.Statelawrequiresthattrapsbecheckedeveryday.“Itcanbeveryhardwork,”Martinsaid.____39____“Then,Ispendtherestoftheeveningskinninganimalsandpreparingforthenextday.Ireallydon’tgetadayoffduringtrappingseason.”Asafull-timetrapper,Martinworriesabouttheviewspeoplehaveofhisprofession.Hethinksthatmostanti-trappinggroupsdon’tunderstandthattrappinganimalshelpsinthelongrun.“____40____Theydon’tunderstandtheanimals’environment,”hesaid.“ThereareareaswhereIcan’ttrapright.now.Mostoftheanimalsinthoseareasaresickwithdiseasebecauseofthelackoffoodandoverpopulation.I’dliketoshowanyonewhoisagainsttrappingsomeoftheterriblethingsI’veseen.”A．Mostofthesepeopledon’tknowhowanimalslive.B．Rabbitsaren’tthetrapper’smostvaluablecreatures.C．Trappingfulltimedoeshaveitsdrawbacks,though.D．Forme,quantityismuchmoreimportantthanquality.E．Besides,trappingbringshimandhisfamilyotherbenefits.F．Mydayusuallystartsbeforethesunrises,anditlastsuntilafterdark.G．However,for24-year-oldJohnnyMartin,trappingremains’awayoflife.【答案】36．G

37．D

38．C

39．F

40．A【导语】本文是记叙文。24岁的Martin以诱捕为生，他认为有些动物过量会对环境有害，他很喜欢他的生活方式。36．根据上文“Trappingusedtobeawaytomakeagoodliving.Thathascertainlychangedoverthepastseveralyears.Thedemandforfursisnearlygone.Environmentaliststhinktrappingiswrong.(诱捕曾经是谋生的好方法。这种情况在过去几年里已经发生了变化。对皮草的需求几乎消失了。环保主义者认为诱捕是错误的)”可知，设空处在此起承上启下的作用，与上文存在语义上的转折，同时又引出下文Martin的故事。G项中的However是解题关键词，且其中的trappingremainsawayoflife和上文中的trappingiswrong语义相反，G项中的JohnnyMartin又引出本文的主人公。故G选项“然而，对于24岁的JohnnyMartin来说，捕兽仍然是‘一种生活方式’”符合语境，故选G。37．根据上文中“Hetrapsenoughanimalstomakeupforlowfurprices.(他捕捉了足够多的动物，以弥补毛皮价格低廉的损失)”和下文Martin所说的“Icanmakeupforlowfurpricesbybringinginmorethantheaveragetrapper(我可以赚到比一般捕兽人更多的猎物来弥补毛皮价格低的不足)”可知，Martin认为数量甚至比质量更重要，故选D项。故D选项“对我来说，数量比质量重要得多”符合语境，故选D。38．根据下文中“hishomeisfilledwithanimalskins.(他的家里到处都是动物皮)”和“It’salsonoteasyforhimtotakeadayoff.(对他来说，休息一天也不容易)”可知，此处是指Martin全职猎捕也有缺点，故C项符合语境。此句为本段主题句。故C选项“不过，全职工作也有缺点”符合语境，故选C。39．根据上文中的“It’salsonoteasyforhimtotakeadayoff.(对他来说，休息一天也不容易)”和下文Martin所说的“Then,Ispendtherestoftheeveningskinninganimalsandpreparingforthenextday(然后，我把晚上剩下的时间用来给动物剥皮，为第二天做准备)”可知，这里描述Martin从早到晚的忙碌状态，故F选项“我的一天通常在太阳升起之前开始，一直持续到天黑之后”符合语境，故选F。40．根据上文中“Hethinksthatmostanti-trappinggroupsdon’tunderstandthattrappinganimalshelpsinthelongrun.(他认为大多数反诱捕组织不明白诱捕动物从长远来看是有帮助的)”和下文Martin所说的“Theydon’tunderstandtheanimals’environment(他们不了解动物的生存环境)”可知，A项Mostofthesepeopledon’tknowhowanimalslive符合语境，其中的understand和know是同义词复现，且下文中的They就指Mostofthesepeople。故A选项“大多数人不知道动物是如何生活的”符合语境，故选A。七选五【2023·江苏省南京市六校10月学情调研】Formanyyears,publicschoolstaughtonlyEuro-Americanculturalvaluesandneutralizedorignoredotherculturalheritages.Textbooksminimizedproblemsamonggroupsandtaughtasanitizedversionofhistory.ItwasassumedthateveryoneintheAmericanmeltingpotwouldeventuallyloseorabandonthoseethniccharacteristicsthatdistinguishedthemfrommainstreamAmericans.____16____Currenttextbooksabsorbavarietyofethnicindividualswhohaveachievedsuccess.Strugglesforequalityarevividlydepicted,andpastracismisfranklyacknowledged.Culturalpluralism(多元性)isnowgenerallyrecognizedastheorganizingprincipleofeducation,andchildreninAmericanschoolslearnthatvarietyandculturaldiversityareassets(资产).____17____ElementaryschoolstudentslearnnotonlyaboutthetraditionalThanksgivingcelebrationintheUnitedStates,butalsoaboutotherharvestholidaysaroundtheworld.TheylearnthatAfricantribalfarmersobserveharvestfestivalstothanktheirancestorsforkeepingthemwellandsendingrain.Themoon’sbirthdayisthestartoftheChineseharvestfestivalcalledChungCh’ui,inwhichtheChinesegivethanksandrememberavictoryoveraninvadingarmy.InIndia,HinduwomenhonorGauri,thegoddessoftheharvestandtheprotectorofwomen.____18____KoreansofferprayersforgoodharvestsonTanoDay,andinSwitzerlandandSweden,childrencarrylanternsmadefromvegetablestocelebratetheirharvestholiday.MiddleSchoolandhighschoolsincludeliteraturefromaroundtheworldofferingalternativeperspectivesonsocialproblemsandsignificanthistoricalevents.Ethnicstudiesdepartmentscanbefoundinhighschoolsandcolleges.____19____Thereissomeevidencethatattemptsatmulticulturaleducationareworking.IntheUnitedStates,forexample,graduationratesareup.Theshareofhighschoolstudentstakingacoreofacademicsubjectsincreasedfrom13percentto47percentinthepastdecade.Thegapbetweenwhites’andminorities’testscoreshasnarrowed.Theseaccomplishmentsmaywellbeattributedtoeducatorswhodailyconfrontdiversityintheirclassroomsandhaveidentifiedthecentralissuesineducatingaculturallydiversepopulation.____20____A．Herearesomeapproachestomulticulturaleducation.B．Thoseissuesdealwithlearningstyledifference,languagediversity,andgender.C．InAfrica,duetoextremelyhotweather,Africanssufferalot.D．Concreteexamplesofteachingdiversitycanbefoundateverygradelevel.E．Today,however,schoolsroutinelyteachtheexperienceandvaluesofmanyethniccultures.F．InJapan,thanksgivingisanationalholidayandatimetogivethanksforblessings.G．Manyschoolsfurtherrequirethatstudentstakecoursesinculturaldiversity.【答案】16．E

17．G

18．F

19．D

20．B【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章说明了在美国，已经逐渐开始要求学生学习本国之外的其他世界上的国家的节日文化和习俗，并在学生每个阶段都有提供教育资源。16．上文“ItwasassumedthateveryoneintheAmericanmeltingpotwouldeventuallyloseorabandonthoseethniccharacteristicsthatdistinguishedthemfrommainstreamAmericans.(人们认为，在美国这个大熔炉里的每个人最终都会失去或放弃那些使他们区别于主流美国人的种族特征)”提到人们普遍认为，在美国，每个人最终都会失去或放弃那些使他们区别于主流美国人的种族特征；下文“Currenttextbooksabsorbavarietyofethnicindividualswhohaveachievedsuccess(目前的教科书吸收了各种各样取得成功的少数民族人士)”提到教科书其实是吸收了各种各样取得成功的少数民族人士，即教科书上面有区别于主流美国人的种族特征的内容，推知空处应该是出现了转折，导致下文叙述了与上文所预料的不一样的内容；选项E“Today,however,schoolsroutinelyteachtheexperienceandvaluesofmanyethniccultures(然而今天，学校日常教授许多种族文化的经验和价值观)”正是出现了转折，引出了下文所叙述的与上文所预料的不一样的内容，即并不是如人们想的那样每个人最终都会失去或放弃那些使他们区别于主流美国人的种族特征，教科书其实是含有其他非主流的种族的内容的；故选项E符合语境；故选E项。17．下文“ElementaryschoolstudentslearnnotonlyaboutthetraditionalThanksgivingcelebrationintheUnitedStates,butalsoaboutotherharvestholidaysaroundtheworld.(小学生不仅要学习美国传统的感恩节庆祝活动，还要学习世界各地的其他丰收节日)”讲述小学要求学生学习美国之外的其他国家的节日习俗；选项G“Manyschoolsfurtherrequirethatstudentstakecoursesinculturaldiversity.(许多学校进一步要求学生学习文化多样性课程)”提到了许多学校要求学生学习文化多样性课程，这与下文所述内容主旨一致，都在讲述美国要求学生学习本国之外的文化，本句是本段的主旨句，下文是对主旨句中所述内容的具体阐述；故选项G符合语境；故选G项。18．根据上文“TheylearnthatAfricantribalfarmersobserveharvestfestivalstothanktheirancestorsforkeepingthemwellandsendingrain.Themoon’sbirthdayisthestartoftheChineseharvestfestivalcalledChungCh’ui,inwhichtheChinesegivethanksandrememberavictoryoveraninvadingarmy.InIndia,HinduwomenhonorGauri,thegoddessoftheharvestandtheprotectorofwomen.”(他们了解到，非洲部落的农民庆祝丰收节是为了感谢他们的祖先让他们保持健康并送雨。中秋节是中国丰收节“ChungCh’ui,”的开始，在这个节日里，中国人表示感谢，并纪念一场战胜入侵军队的胜利。在印度，印度教妇膜拜Gauri，Gauri是丰收女神和妇女的保护者)”可知上文都是在叙述世界各地不同国家的节日和习俗；选项F“InJapan,thanksgivingisanationalholidayandatimetogivethanksforblessings(在日本，感恩节是一个全国性的节日，也是感谢上帝赐福的日子)”也是在讲述世界其他国家的节日习俗，与上文构成排比，故选项F符合语境；故选F项。19．上文“MiddleSchoolandhighschoolsincludeliteraturefromaroundtheworldofferingalternativeperspectivesonsocialproblemsandsignificanthistoricalevents.Ethnicstudiesdepartmentscanbefoundinhighschoolsandcolleges.(中学和高中包括来自世界各地的文学作品，提供关于社会问题和重大历史事件的不同观点。民族研究部门可以在高中和大学找到)”讲述了在中学、高中、大学都可以找到关于世界各地文化的教育资源；选项D“Concreteexamplesofteachingdiversitycanbefoundateverygradelevel.(在每个阶段都可以找到教学多样性的具体例子)”是对上文的总结，说明了在学生的每个阶段都有教育多样性的内容；故选项D符合题意；故选D项。20．上文“Theseaccomplishmentsmaywellbeattributedtoeducatorswhodailyconfrontdiversityintheirclassroomsandhaveidentifiedthecentralissuesineducatingaculturallydiversepopulation.(这些成就很可能要归功于那些每天都在课堂上面对多样性的教育工作者，他们已经确定了教育文化多样性人群的核心问题)”提到了教育文化多样性的核心问题；选项B“Thoseissuesdealwithlearningstyledifference,languagediversity,andgender.(这些问题涉及学习风格差异、语言多样性和性别)”承接了上文所述内容，具体阐明了这些核心问题所涉及的方面；故选项B符合语境；故选B项。七选五【江苏省三名校（姜堰中学、沭阳中学、如东中学）2022-2023学年高三上学期10月联考】Whichismoreeffective,groupstudyingorstudyingalone?We’veallexperiencedgettingtogetherwithclassmatestostudyforanupcomingexamandspendingtheentiretimetalkingorjokingaround.Youleavethegroupwithoutaccomplishinganythingtogetyoureadyforyourexam.____36____.Thefollowingaresomebenefitsofstudyingalone.____37____Whenyoulockyourselfawayinyourroom,theretendtobelessdistractionsthanwhenyouarestudyinginagroup.Nobodyismovingaroundortalkingnearyou.Thereareliterallynodistractions,unlessyou’retheonewhofeelstheneedtocleaneverythingwhenyoustudy.PersonalstudyenvironmentEveryoneisdifferent,whichmeanseveryonelearnsdifferently.Youmayrequireclassicalmusic,acomfortableroom,andacupofteawhileyoustudy.Someoneelsemayrequirecompletesilence,andnosnacksatall.____38____Studyingalonealsoallowsyoutousethestudystrategiesthatarethemosteffectiveforyourlearningstyle.Somestudentslearnbestwithflashcards,whileotherslearnbestwhentheyrereadchapters.____39____PersonalizelearningcontentTheremaybesometopicsinclassthatyoureallyneedtoworkon.____40____.Besides,youcantailorlearningmethodsbystudyingalonewhilegroupstudyingcan’t.Morecrucially,youcanconsolidatethetopicsthataredifficulttoyouoverandover.A．Youcanlearnwhateveryoulike.B．Minimumdistractions.C．Thatiswhatyoucan’tachieveingroupstudying.D．Findyourlearningstyle,andyoucangetbetterresults.E．Onlywhenyoustudyalone,you’reabletofocusonexactlythosetopics.F．Soifyouaretheonewhocanbesodistracted,it’sstronglyrecommendedthatyoushouldstudyalone.G．Studyingaloneallowsyoutosettheperfectstudyenvironmentsoyougetthemostoutofstudying.【答案】36．F

37．B

38．G

39．D

40．E【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了独自学习的好处。36．根据上文“We’veallexperiencedgettingtogetherwithclassmatestostudyforanupcomingexamandspendingtheentiretimetalkingorjokingaround.Youleavethegroupwithoutaccomplishinganythingtogetyoureadyforyourexam.(我们都有过这样的经历:和同学一起为即将到来的考试学习，整个时间都在聊天或开玩笑。你没有完成任何准备考试的事情就离开了小组。)”和下文“Thefollowingaresomebenefitsofstudyingalone.(以下是一些独自学习的好处。)”可知，上文提到小组学习效率低，下文建议独自学习，空处与上文形成因果关系，并引起下文。F项：Soifyouaretheonewhocanbesodistracted,it’sstronglyrecommendedthatyoushouldstudyalone.(所以，如果你是一个容易分心的人，强烈建议你应该独自学习。)符合语境。故选F。37．空处为段落小标题。根据下文“Whenyoulockyourselfawayinyourroom,theretendtobelessdistractionsthanwhenyouarestudyinginagroup.Nobodyismovingaroundortalkingnearyou.(当你把自己锁在房间里的时候，往往会比你在一个小组里学习的时候更少分心。没有人在你附近走动或说话。)”可知，本段主要说明把干扰因素降到最低，“lessdistractions”与B项对应。B项：Minimumdistractions.(最低干扰。)符合语境。故选B。38．根据下文“Studyingalonealsoallowsyoutousethestudystrategiesthatarethemosteffectiveforyourlearningstyle.(独自学习还可以让你使用最有效的学习方式的学习策略。)”中的“also”可知，空处讲的是独自学习的好处。G项：Studyingaloneallowsyoutosettheperfectstudyenvironmentsoyougetthemostoutofstudying.(独自学习可以给你一个完美的学习环境，这样你就能从学习中得到最大的收获。)符合语境。故选G。39．根据上文“Somestudentslearnbestwithflashcards,whileotherslearnbestwhentheyrereadchapters.(一些学生用抽认卡学习效果最好，而另一些学生通过重读章节学习效果最好。)”可知，空处总结说明要找到适合自己的学习风格。D项：Findyourlearningstyle,andyoucangetbetterresults.(找到自己的学习风格，你就能取得更好的成绩。)故选D。40．根据上文“Theremaybesometopicsinclassthatyoureallyneedtoworkon.(课堂上可能会有一些主题是你真正需要钻研的。)”可知，空处承接上文，说明独自学习时才能专注于那些主题，E项中“thosetopics”和上文中“sometopics”对应。E项：Onlywhenyoustudyalone,you’reabletofocusonexactlythosetopics.(只有当你独自学习时，你才能够专注于那些主题。)符合语境。故选E。七选五【江苏省南京师范大学附属中学2022-2023学年高三上学期第一次月考】HowtoMakeaClassroomManagementPlanStudentsneedtofeelcomfortableandsafeinordertolearneffectively.Asaneducator,youneedtomanageyourclassroominsuchawaythatyoucreatethissortofenvironment.Aclassroommanagementplanisastrategyyoucreateandcarryout.____16____Itcanhelpyoudealwithnegativebehaviorsaswell.____17____Manyclassroommanagementplansbeginwiththeteacher’sphilosophyofmotivation.Basically,itlaysoutwhatyoubelieveabouteducationandhowstudentsshouldlearn.Youcantalkabouttheenvironmentyouwanttocreateandhowyouplantocreatethatenvironment,bothphysicallyandemotionally.Setthetoneonthefirstdayofclass.

Startbuildingrelationshipswithyourstudentsbybeingfriendlyandgettingtoknoweachother.____18____Sotheyknowinadvancehowyouexpectthemtobehave.____19____

Getyourstudents’parentsonboardbylayingoutyourbasicrules.Youcanalsotellthemaboutthesystemsofrewardsandconsequences.Thatway,parentsknowwhattoexpectthroughouttheyear.Settheexample.

____20____Forinstance,showyouarerespectfulofeachstudent’sideas.Itwillletthemknowtheycantrustyou.Beconsistent.

Probablythemostimportantpartofanyclassroommanagementplanisbeingconsistentwithhowyoucarryitout.Thatmeansenforcing（执行）rulesevenwhenyoudon’twantto,askidswillcometounderstandthatyoumeanwhatyousayintheclassroom.A．Determineyourphilosophy.B．Understandeachchild’smotivation.C．Createaformletterforconsequences.D．Writealetterabouttheplantosendhome.E．Sharetherules,rewards,andconsequences.F．Itisimportantthatyoufollowtheclassroomrules,too.G．Itcanhelpyougetandmaintaincontroloftheclassroom.【答案】16．G

17．A

18．E

19．D

20．F【分析】本文是说明文。文章关于如何制定课堂管理计划提出几条建议。16．空前一句提到“Aclassroommanagementplanisastrategyyoucreateandcarryout.(课堂管理计划是你制定并实施的策略。)”；空后一句提到“Itcanhelpyoudealwithnegativebehaviorsaswell.（它也可以帮助你应对消极行为。）”；G项“Itcanhelpyougetandmaintaincontroloftheclassroom.（它可以帮助你保持对教室的控制。），其中“it”指代空前一句中的“aclassroommanagementplan”；“Itcanhelpyou…”与空后一句中“Itcanhelpy