英语八大时态详细讲解

Weaimtothefirstone,headandshouldersaboveourcompetition.英语八大时态一般现在时构成：①肯定结构：主语+动词/be或者情态动词+动词原形+宾语②否定结构：主语+情/助否定+动词或者be动词否定+宾语③疑问结构：（特殊疑问词）+情/助/be+主语+动词原形+宾语？Eg.Heisaworker.Heworkshard.Hecandohisworkwell.Ican’tdriveacar.Shedoesn’tlikefootball.Jimisnotagoodstudent.AreyouaEnglishteacher?WhatcanIdoforyou?MayIhaveyourattentions,please?Doeshegotoschoolbybike?Whoisthat？用法：①现阶段习惯性动作或者存在的状态。Eg.Heisaworker.TheyhaveEnglishclasseseveryday.Youalwaysmakefunofme.Whatdoyouthinkofthebook?②表示客观真理，科学事实。Eg.Wherethereisawill,thereisaway.Theearthmovesroundthesun.Timeandtidewaitfornoman.③表将来A.按时间表进行的，飞机、火车、巴士的出发Eg.ThetrainforGuangzhouleavesat7:00.B.时间状语从句(till,until,when,assoonas等引导)，条件状语从句（unless,if引导）中表将来。主将从现Eg.Ifitrainstomorrow,wewillhavetostayathome.标志词：always,usually,often,sometimes,everyweek(day,year,month...),onceaweek,onSundays三单动词变化规则：1)一般情况下，动词后面直接加-s.例如：worksgetssaysreads2)以ch,sh,s,x或o结尾的动词,在后面加-es。如：

go-goesteach-,teacherwash-washesbrush-brushes,catch-catches,do-does,fix-fixes

3)以辅音字母+y结尾的动词，把y变为i再加-es.如：study-studiestry-triescarry-carries,fly-flies

cry-cries一般过去时构成：①肯定结构：主语+动词过去式/be过去式+宾语②否定结构：主语+助动词过去式否定+动词或者be动词过去式否定+宾语③疑问结构：（特殊疑问词）+助过去式/be过去式+主语+动词原形+宾语？Eg.Iattendedameetingyesterday.Hewasoftenlateforschool.Shedidn’tgohomelastnight.Theywerenotgoodstudentsbefore.Washelateforworkyesterday?Whatdidyoudolastmorning?Wherewashelastafternoon?Didyougotothecinemalastweek?用法：①表示过去某个时间完成的动作或一度存在的状态，也可以表示过去习惯性的动作。Eg.Iattendedameetingyesterday.Igraduatedfromcollegein1988.②表示过去连续发生或者反复发生的动作。Eg.Hewasoftenlateforschool.Theycameandsawme.标志词：ago,yesterday,thedaybeforeyesterday,lastweek(year,night,month…),in1989,justnow,attheageof5,oneday,longlongago动词过去式变化规则：1)一般情况下，动词后面直接加-ed.例如：helped；learned2)以e结尾的动词,在后面加-d。如：

smile—smiled；hope—hoped；die-died；tie-tied

3)以辅音字母+y结尾的动词，把y变为i再加-ed.如：worried;studied4）重读闭音节,双写词尾辅音字母加ed.如:preferred(重读在fer前);admitted(重读在mit前);referred;deferred;stopped一般将来时结构：①肯定结构：主语+begoingto+do或者will/shall+do+宾语②否定结构：主语+benotgoingto+do或者will/shallnot+do+宾语③疑问结构：（特殊疑问词）+begoingto+do或者will/shall+do+宾语？Eg.Shewillbebackinaminute.Ishallsucceedthistime.WearegoingtovisitParisthissummer.Heisnotgoingtoplaybasketballthisweekend.Whereareyougoingtohavedinnertoday?用法：①will/shall：shall用于第一人称，will用于第一、二、三人称皆可。Eg.Shewillbebackinaminute.Ishallsucceedthistime.②begoingto：A.表示说话人的意图或打算。Eg.WearegoingtovisitParisthissummer.B.用来预报某事即将发生或有迹象表明即将发生的动作。Eg.Itisgoingtorain.C.表示就要…，正要…Eg.Iamgoingtogoshopping.③beabouttodo:表示正要（将要）…Eg.Thesunisabouttosinktothewest.④be+to+动词原形：表示预定，义务，可能，命令或吩咐。Eg.TheFrenchPresidentistovisitChina.预定Youaretobebackby9o’clock.义务Youarenottostaytoolateoutside.命令⑤be+V-ing：带有意图，安排或者打算，所用动词都是表示具体动作的动词（come,go,leave,arrive,start）Eg.WeareleavingforNewYorkaftertheperformance.⑥一般现在时表示将来：表示将来的，但是事先已经安排好的动作，这种安排一般不会改变。常见的动词有arrive,be,begin,go,leave,stay等。Eg.ThereisalectureonEnglishwritingtonight.HereIgiveyousomemoreexamples.标志词：tomorrow,nextday(week,month,year…),soon,inafewminutes,by…,thedayaftertomorrow过去将来时结构：①肯定结构：主语+was/weregoingto+do或者would/should+do+宾语②否定结构：主语+was/werenotgoingto+do或者would/shouldnot+do+宾语③疑问结构：（特殊疑问词）+was/weregoingto+do或者would/should+do+宾语？用法：立足于过去某一时刻，从过去看将来，常用于间接宾语和宾语从句中。①would/should+do：Eg.Ineverimaginedthathewouldbecomeadoctor.IpromisedmybossthatIwouldfinishthisworkbytheendofthemonth.②was/wereabout/goingtodo:Eg.Iwasgoingtoleavewhenitbegantorain.Helookedasifhewasabouttoburstintotears.③was/weretodo和was/weredoing:Eg.Iwasseeingoffmysisteratthestationthenextday.Iwastoldthatthemeetingwastobeheldthenextday.标志词：thenextday(morning,year…),thefollowingmonth(week…)现在进行时1.构成：①肯定结构：主语+be+doing+(宾语)②否定结构：主语+benot+doing+(宾语)③疑问结构：（特殊疑问词）+be+主语+doing+(宾语)？Eg.Wearehavingameetingnow.Thestudentsarepreparingfortheentranceexamatpresent.2.用法：①表示此刻或者现阶段正在进行的动作，或者说话时的动作Eg.Wearehavingameetingnow.Thestudentsarepreparingfortheentranceexamatpresent.Look!Thechildisplayingontheground.②表示将来，同一般将来时用法⑤③现在进行时同频度副词always,continually,forever等连用是，表示经常发生、具有持续性的事情或者表示不满、抱怨或者赞扬。Eg.Heisoneofthosewhoarealwaysthinkingofothers.Heisalwaysleavingthingsabout.④不能用于进行时的动词：A.表示感觉的（feel,smell,sound,taste）Eg.Theplansoundsgood.B.表示感情、拥有关系、状态或思想的动词：agree,believe,belong,contain,hate,hear,like,love,mind,possess,seem,understand,want等Eg.Theypossess3cars.3.标志词：now,atthistime,thesedays4.现在分词变化规则：1.直接+ing(例：sleep+ingsleeping)2.去e+ing(例：bite-e+ingbitinglikingriding3重读闭音节，双写辅音字母+ing(例：sit+t+ingsittingstoppingbeginning4.特殊变化：die-dying,lie-lying，tie-tying5.不规则变化过去进行时1.构成：①肯定结构：主语+was/were+doing+(宾语)②否定结构：主语+was/werenot+doing+(宾语)③疑问结构：（特殊疑问词）+was/were+主语+doing+(宾语)？Eg.Iwaswashingmyclothesatthattimeofyesterday.MyparentswerewatchingTVat9o’clockthedaybeforeyesterday.2.用法：①由when引导的时间状语从句，表示过去某一时刻，A动作发生时，B动作正在进行。则A动作用一般过去时，B动作用过去进行时。Eg.Thetwinsweresweepingthefloorwhentheteachercamein.②由While引导从句，两动作都用过去进行时。Eg.FatherwaswatchingTV,whileMotherwascooking.③看到有表示过去的时间，并且是具体到时间点。(atfouryesterday)Eg.Hewasmendinghisbikeattenyesterday.3.标志词：表示过去的具体到时间点的时间（fiveo‘clockthedaybeforeyesterday.）,thattime现在完成时1.构成：①肯定结构：主语+have/has+done+(宾语)②否定结构：主语+have/hasnot+done+(宾语)③疑问结构：Have/Has+主语+done+(宾语)？2.用法：①过去的动作，但对现在有影响。Eg.Wouldyouliketoseeafilmwithme？No,Ihaveseenit.②从过去开始延续到现在的动作或者状态Eg.IhavebeenstudyingEnglishfor6years.3.标志词：already,everjust,yet,since+具体时间或者时间,for+一段时间4注意事项：①短暂性动词不能与since+具体时间或者时间或for+一段时间,Ihavebeenawayfromhereforthreedays.（right）Ihavelefthereforsince（wrong）②havebeento表示去过某点，已经回来了。havegoneto去了某点，但还没回来。过去完成时1.构成：①肯定结构：主语+had+done+(宾语)②否定结构：主语+hadnot+done+(宾语)③疑问结构：Had+主语+done+(宾语)？2.用法：以过去某个时间为标准