专八改错技巧课件

词法错误冠词名词代词介词及固定搭配形容词和副词的比较结构情态动词用词混淆第1页/共47页1、三类常见冠词错误a.冠词误用b.冠词冗余c.冠词缺失出现频率较高!!第2页/共47页a.冠词误用09年真题Theprevioussectionhasshownhowquicklyarhymepassesfromoneschoolchildtothenextandillustratesthefurtherdifferencebetweenschoolloreandnurserylore.thefurtherdifferenceafurtherdifference第3页/共47页b.冠词冗余2010真题Similarly,wehavenoreasontodoubtthattheEskimolanguagecouldbeaspreciseandsubtleonthesubjectofmotormanufactureorcricketifthesetopicsformedthepartoftheEskimos’life.The去掉theLanguage–thelanguage第4页/共47页c.冠词缺失2007年真题Wemaysaythatthecriesofpainorchortlesofamusementarelargelyreflexactions,instinctivetolargeextent,whereaslanguageproperdoesnotconsistofsignsbutofthesethathavetobelearntandthatarewhollyconventional.tolargeextenttoalargeextent第5页/共47页2.名词的数paper---paperssafe-safesglass-glasseswood---woodswork---worksfather-in-law---fathers-in-law近年，出现频率较低第6页/共47页2004年真题Congressionalinvestigationsneverthelessrepresentoneimportanttoolavailabletolawmakerstoinformthecitizenryandtoarousepublicinterestsinnationalissues.interests---interest第7页/共47页3、两类常见代词错误 a.代词误用b.代词冗余出现频率较高第8页/共47页a.代词误用2009Innurseryloreaverse,learntinearlychildhood,isnotusuallypassedonagainwhenthelittlelistenerhasgrownup,andhaschildrenoftheirown,orevengrandchildren.Theperiodbetweenlearninganurseryrhymeandtransmittingitmaybesomethingfromtwentytoseventyyears.their---his(2013-7)something---anything(2013-8)第9页/共47页b.代词冗余2006Wetakeitforgrantedthetwomostcommonformsoftransmission---bymeansofsoundsproducedbyourvocalorgans(speech)orbyvisualsigns(writing).it删除第10页/共47页4、介词及固定搭配a.介词误用b.介词冗余c.介词缺失出现频率极高！第11页/共47页a.介词误用2008OthersfavoredtheadoptionofGreek,though,asonemanputit,thingswouldcertainlybesimplerforAmericansiftheystuckontoEnglishandmadetheBritishlearnGreek.Attheend,aseveryoneknows,thetwocountriesadoptedthepracticalandsatisfactorysolutionofcarryingthesamelanguageasbefore.at---in(intheend)第12页/共47页a.介词误用2006TheEnglishspeakershasinhisdisposalavocabularyandasetofgrammaticalruleswhichenableshimtocommunicatehisthoughtsandfeelings,inavarietyofstyles,totheotherEnglishspeakers.in---at(atone’sdisposal)第13页/共47页a.介词误用2005Anduntiltheywerestoppedbytheantitrustauthorities,theIvyLeagueschoolscolluded（密谋）tolimitcompetitionforthebeststudents,byagreeingnottoawardscholarshiponthebasisofmeritratherthanpurelyofneed---justlikebusinessfirmsagreeingnottogivediscountsontheirbestcustomer.on---to(givediscountsto)2012-5第14页/共47页b.介词冗余2010TheEnglishlanguagewillbejustasrichintermsfordifferentkindsofsnowiftheenvironmentsinwhichEnglishwashabituallyusedmadesuchdistinctionsasimportant.as删除（madesuchdistinctionsimportant）第15页/共47页2011IknewthatIhadafacilitywithwordsandapoweroffacinginunpleasantfacts,去掉in;face面对

faceup勇敢地面对第16页/共47页c.介词缺失2010Thatis,everylanguageappearstobewellequippedasanyothertosaythethingstheirspeakerswanttosay.be后面加as2012-1第17页/共47页5、形容词和副词的比较结构主要为比较级和最高级误用出现频率较高2006Hisvocabulary,inparticular,boththatwhichheusesactivelyandthatwhichherecognizes,increasesinsizeashegrowsoldasaresultofeducationandexperience.old---older第18页/共47页2003Fromthe1940sthroughtheearly1960s,AmericansmarriedatahighrateandatayoungeragethantheirEuropecounterparts.high---higher第19页/共47页6、情态动词Insocialsituations,theclassicIntentionMovementis“thechair-grasp”（抓板凳）.Hostandguesthavebeentalkingforsometime,butnowthehosthasanappointmenttokeepandcangetaway.can---must第20页/共47页7、用词混淆a.词义混淆b.词性混用c.其他混淆第21页/共47页a.词义混淆2010TheEskimos,itissaid,canspeakaboutsnowwithfurthermoreprecisionandsubtletythanwecaninEnglish,butthisisnotbecausetheEskimoslanguage(oneofthosesometimesmis-called‘primitive’)isinherently.further---much或者去掉第22页/共47页b.词性混用2003Fromthe1940sthroughtheearly1960s,AmericansmarriedatahighrateandatayoungeragethantheirEuropecounterparts.Europe---European第23页/共47页c.其他混淆2010ThisexampledoesnotcometolightadefectinEnglish,ashowofunexpected“primitiveness”.come---bring(bringtolight发现、揭露）第24页/共47页词法错误句法错误语篇错误Proofreadinganderrorcorrection第25页/共47页句法错误1、时态和语态2、主谓一致3、定语从句和名词性从句4、非谓语动词5、It-句型6、虚拟语气7、倒装第26页/共47页1、时态和语态出现频率不高2002Webeginthe“natural”learningofpronunciationlongbeforewestartlearningtoreadorwrite,andinourearlyyearswewentonunconsciouslyimitatingandpracticingthepronunciationofthosearoundusformanymorehourspereverydaythanweeverhavetospendlearningevenourdifficultEnglishspelling.went---go2012-4第27页/共47页2、主谓一致出现频率不高2006…theEnglishspeakerhasinhisdisposalavocabularyandasetofgrammaticalruleswhichenableshimtocommunicatehisthoughtsandfeelings,inavarietyofstyles,otheotherEnglishspeakers.enables---enable2013-7第28页/共47页3、定语从句和名词性从句一个常考常新的考点注意点：1）定语从句分限定性和非限定性两种2）关于that和which的区别第29页/共47页2008AtthesametimetheUnitedStatessplitofffromBritain,forexample,therewereproposalsthatindependenceshouldbelinguisticallyacceptedbytheuseofadifferentlanguagefromthoseofBritain.time后面加上when第30页/共47页2007Wemaysaythatthecriesofpainorchortlesofamusementarelargelyreflexactions,instinctivetolargeextent,whereaslanguageproperdoesnotconsistofsignsbutofthesethathavetobelearntandthatarewhollyconventional.these---those第31页/共47页2005Theriseintuitionmayreflectthefacteconomicuncertaintyincreasesthedemandforeducation.fact后面加that第32页/共47页4、非谓语动词非谓语动词的三种形式：

todo——不定式

doing——动名词

done——分词考试出现频率极高第33页/共47页主要错误：1.句子中出现两个谓语2.动名词与不定式误用3.分词的误用第34页/共47页接不定式做宾语的动词：agree,advise,care,choose,consent,decide,determine,desire,expect,fail,happen,hesitate,hope,learn,manage,offer,prepare,pretend,promise,propose,refuse,resolve,want,wish等接动名词做宾语的动词：admit,appreciate,avoid,complete,consider,deny,detest,dislike,endure,enjoy,envy,escape,excuse,fancy,feellike,finish,forgive,giveup,goon,can’thelp,imagine,insiston,involve,keep,keepon,leaveoff,mention,mind,miss,postpone,praise,practise,putoff,quit,recollect,report,resent,resist,risk,stand,stop,suggest,think,understand等。第35页/共47页2007Fromwhathasbeensaid,itmustbeclearthatnoonecanmakeverypositivestatementsabouthowlanguageoriginated.Thereisnomaterialinanylanguagetodayandintheearliestrecordsofancientlanguageshowuslanguageinanewandemergingstate.show---showing第36页/共47页2006Eachofusshareswiththecommunityinwhichweliveastoreofwordsandmeaningsaswellasagreeingconventionsastothewayinwhichwordsshouldbearrangedtoconveyaparticularmessage.agreeing---agreed第37页/共47页5、It-句型2010Theremayormaynotbeappropriatetotalkaboutprimitivepeoplesorcultures,butthatisanothermatter.There---It第38页/共47页Grammarerrors1.Asmilecanbeobserved,described,andreliablyidentify,anditcanalsobeelicitedandmanipulatedunderexperimentalconditions.2.Amusicalgenius,JohnCageisnotedforhishighlyunconventionalideas,andherespectedforhisunusualcompositionsandperformances.3.Chocolateispreparedbyacomplexprocessofcleaning,blendandroastingcocoabeans,whichmustbegroundandmixedwithsugar.4.Severalmillionpointsonthehumanbodyregisterseithercold,heat,pain,ortouch.5.Inthe1800'sstoreownerssoldeverythingfromaneedletoaplow,trusteveryone,andnevertookinventory.第39页/共47页6.Humanbeingsaresocialanimalswhomusuallyprefernottoliveinphysicalorpsychologicalisolation.7.Itestimatedthatonlyaboutthirtypercentofourplanet'ssurfaceconsistsofland.8.Iftelevisionhadbeeninventedathousandyearsago,willnationsbesignificantlymorehomogeneousthantheyarenow?9.TheSt.LawrenceSeaway,whichrunsbetweenBritishColumbiaandNewYork,hascompletedbytheUnitedStatesandCanadain1959.10.Filmdirectorscantakefargreatlibertiesindealingwithconceptsoftimeandspacethanstagedirectorscan.第40页/共47页词法错误句法错误语篇错误Proofreadinganderrorcorrection第41页/共47页衔接错误语义错误语篇错误第42页/共47页1.衔接错误2006Wetakeitforgrantedthetwomostcommonformsoftransmission---bymeansofsoundsproducedbyourvocalorgans(speech)orbyvisualsigns(writing).or---and第43页/共47页2004Mostcommittee