湖南省郴州市2024-2025学年高二上学期期末英语试卷 含解析

郴州市2024年下学期期末教学质量监测试卷高二英语（试题卷）注意事项：1.试卷分听力、阅读、语言运用、写作四个部分，共10页。时量120分钟，满分150分。2.答题前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号写在答题卡和该试题卷的指定位置上，并认真核对答题卡上的姓名、准考证号和科目。3.考生作答时，选择题和非选择题均须作答在答题卡上，在本试题卷上答题无效。考生在答题卡上按答题卡中注意事项的要求答题。4.考试结束后，将本试题卷和答题卡一并交回。第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。例:Howmuchistheshirt?A.£19.15.B.£9.18.C.£9.15.答案是C。1.Whatisthewomandoing?A.Makinganinvitation.B.Makinganannouncement.C.Schedulinganappointment.2.Whatwillthemanprobablydonext?A.Mendtheroof.B.Giveanapology.C.Callarepairman.3.Wheredoestheconversationtakeplace?A.Inabank.B.Inahotel.C.Inapostoffice.4.WhenwillthewomanreachChicago?A.At12:00.B.At14:00.C.At16:00.5.Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A.Adrama.B.Aticket.C.Aconcert.第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6.What'stheweatherliketoday?A.It'ssunny.B.It'sraining.C.It'scloudy.7.Whatisthemanworriedabout?A.Thecostoftheflight.B.Thedelayoftheflight.C.Thesafetyoftheflight.听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。8.WhatisMr.Luo'sfamousartisticwork?A.Father.B.Nature.C.Farmer.9.WhatarousedMr.Luo'sinterestinpainting?A.Hismother'ssupport.B.Hisurbanenvironment.C.Hisfather'sloveforarts.10.WhatdoesMr.Luoexpectartstodo?A.Makepeopleenergetic.B.Createjobopportunities.C.Promoteculturalexchanges.听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。11.WhatisAlice'sattitudetowardsboardingfirst?A.Uncertain.B.Opposed.C.Favorable.12.Whichisnotthebenefitofboarding?A.Makingnewfriends.B.Winningascholarship.C.Developingindependence.13.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Friends.B.Teacherandstudent.C.Fatheranddaughter.听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。14.WhydoesLindadeliveraspeech?A.Forajob.B.Foragift.C.Forafinal.15.WhatisLinda'sspeechtopic?A.Schiller.B.Shakespeare.C.MarkTwain.16.Whatisthesecondstepinpreparingthespeech?A.Selectinganidea.B.Writinganoutline.C.Researchingatopic.17.WhatwillLindahandinbythedeadline?A.Adetailedoutline.B.Researchmaterials.C.Acompletespeech.听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。18.Whatdoesthespeakerprobablydo?A.Ahost.B.Aprofessor.C.Ajournalist.19.Whatisreallyimportantaccordingtothespeaker?A.Askingforguidance.B.Conductingresearch.C.Havingself-awareness.20.Howshouldwedoresearch?A.Bysearchingonline.B.Byguidingstudents.C.Byattendingclasses.第二部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AJoinaOnce-in-a-lifetimeAdventureDepartingNextYearAlfredWallace’sAdventureinIndonesia—NatureandEvolution(演化)Trip22January2025|13daysWe’lltraceAlfredRusselWallace’sstepstoIndonesia’sMalukuandRajaAmpatIslands.Expectislandexploration,nocturnalnaturewalks,rainforestwalks,andmarinelifestudies.Encounteruniquefloraandfauna,includingtheWallacebutterfly,andenjoywatersportslikekayakingandsnorkeling.ArcticAdventureCruise(乘船游览)withRichardDawkinsinFlam,Norway22May2025|12daysJoinusforanArcticadventurewithRichardDawkins.WewilltravelontheGregMortimerboatandgocloseto80°northtolookforpolarbears.Wemightseewalruses,seals,whales,reindeer,arcticfoxes,guillemots,andpuffins.Wewillalsosailnearblueglaciersandbeautifulfjords(峡湾).CulturalMarineExpeditioninLaVentana,theSeaofCortez5June2025|9daysEmbarkwithDr.SylviaEarleona9-dayexpeditiontoMexico’sSeaofCortez,aboardtheOceanSeeker.DiscoverLoreto’sculturalheritageandvibrantoceanlife.Experiencesnorkeling,diving,andconservationtalksamidstarichbiodiversitythatinspiredTheLogfromtheSeaofCortez.Encountersealions,whales,anddolphinsinthisadventure.GalapagosAdventurewithJoRuxtonMBE14July2025|8daysComewithusonan8-daytriptotheGalapagosIslandsonaboatwithJoRuxtonMBE,whocaresaboutnature.WewillvisitSantaCruz,Isabela,Fernandina,Santiago,andRabidaislands,whicharefullofwildanimals.Youcanseeanimalslikeiguanasonlandandinthesea,sealions,andmanykindsoffishintheclearwater.1.WhichactivityisNOTmentionedinAlfredWallace’sAdventure?A.Kayakingtrip. B.Cultureexploring. C.Islanddiscovery. D.Rainforestwalking.2.Wherecantravelersattendnaturepreservationdiscussionsaccordingtothepassage?A.InFlam,Norway. B.OnMalukuIslands.C.OnGalapagosIslands. D.InLaVentanatheSeaofCortez.3.Whatdothefouradventureshaveincommon?A.Encounteringdiversemarinelife. B.Focusingonhistoricalexploration.C.Participatinginextremesportschallenges. D.Engaginginculturalimmersionexperiences.【答案】1.B2.D3.A【解析】【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了四个独特的探险旅行活动，包括它们的时间、地点、活动内容和特色。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据AlfredWallace’sAdventureinIndonesia—NatureandEvolution(演化)Trip部分中“Expectislandexploration,nocturnalnaturewalks,rainforestwalks,andmarinelifestudies.Encounteruniquefloraandfauna,includingtheWallacebutterfly,andenjoywatersportslikekayakingandsnorkeling.(期待岛屿探索、夜间自然漫步、雨林漫步和海洋生物研究。邂逅独特的动植物，包括华莱士蝴蝶，并享受皮划艇和浮潜等水上运动)”可知，B选项“文化探索”在AlfredWallace’sAdventure中没有提到。故选B项。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据CulturalMarineExpeditioninLaVentana,theSeaofCortez部分中“Experiencesnorkeling,diving,andconservationtalksamidstarichbiodiversitythatinspiredTheLogfromtheSeaofCortez.(在丰富的生物多样性中体验浮潜、潜水和保护谈话，这些生物多样性激发了《科尔特斯海日志》的灵感)”可知，旅行者可以在LaVentana,theSeaofCortez参加自然保护讨论。故选D项。【3题详解】细节理解题。根据AlfredWallace’sAdventureinIndonesia—NatureandEvolution(演化)Trip部分中“Encounteruniquefloraandfauna,includingtheWallacebutterfly,andenjoywatersportslikekayakingandsnorkeling.(邂逅独特的动植物，包括华莱士蝴蝶，并享受皮划艇和浮潜等水上运动)”、ArcticAdventureCruise(乘船游览)withRichardDawkinsinFlam,Norway部分中“Wemightseewalruses,seals,whales,reindeer,arcticfoxes,guillemots,andpuffins.(我们可能会看到海象、海豹、鲸鱼、驯鹿、北极狐、海鸠和海鹦)”、CulturalMarineExpeditioninLaVentana,theSeaofCortez部分中“Encountersealions,whales,anddolphinsinthisadventure.(在这次冒险中，你会遇到海狮、鲸鱼和海豚)”和GalapagosAdventurewithJoRuxtonMBE部分中“WewillvisitSantaCruz,Isabela,Fernandina,Santiago,andRabidaislands,whicharefullofwildanimals.Youcanseeanimalslikeiguanasonlandandinthesea,sealions,andmanykindsoffishintheclearwater.(我们将参观圣克鲁斯岛、伊莎贝拉岛、费尔南迪纳岛、圣地亚哥岛和拉比达岛，这些岛上充满了野生动物。你可以在陆地上和海里看到蜥蜴、海狮和清水中的许多种鱼类)”可知，这四个冒险活动的共同之处是都能遇到多样的海洋生物。故选A项。BDalahorses,thebrightlypaintedwoodenhorses,withtheircomplexpatterns,comefromtheDalarnaregionanddatebacktothe1600s.Originallycarvedastoys,theygraduallybecamethesymbolsofSwedishtraditionovertime.ThatwasmyfirstlearningaboutDalahorsesfromabookonSwedishculture.WhileIdidn’tfullyunderstandthedeepermeaningatthattime,Iwasimmediatelydrawntotheircharmanduniqueness.WhenIwasyounger,IrememberhowexcitedIwaswhenmyparentstookmetoacraftworkshop.Ihadseenthesecolorfulhorsesinmanyplaces—onpostcards,atthezooandeveninshops.Butthistime,Iwasgoingtocreateonemyself.Theprocesswassomuchfun!First,westartedwithasmallwoodenblock.Weusedcarvingtoolstocarefullyshapethewoodintoahorse.Itwasabittrickyatfirst,andmyhandsweresoshaky,butasIkeptcarving,theshapeofthehorseslowlystartedtoappear.Onceweweredonecarving,itwastimetopaint!IfeltlikeanartistasIpaintedtinyflowersandswirls(旋涡)onitsbody.Myhorsewasnotperfect,butitfeltlikeamasterpiecetome!IstillrememberhowproudIfeltholdingthefinishedhorse.Itspatternspaintedinbrightred,blueandyellow,lookedliketheDalahorsesIhadseenbefore.Myparentstoldmethatthecolorsanddesignsmeantsomethingspecial,andIcouldtellthislittlewoodenhorsehadabiggermeaningthanjustbeingadecoration.Yearslater,IstillhavethatDalahorseinmyroom.It’sareminderofthatwonderfuldayandmyconnectiontoSwedishtraditions.TheDalahorseismorethanapieceofart—it’sasymbolofhistory,culture,andcherishedmemories.4.WhichisthetruestatementabouttheDalahorse?A.Itwasoriginallyusedasadecoration.B.ItcamefromtheSwedishregionofDalarna.C.ItoriginatedfromafamousbookinSwedishculture.D.Itisamoderninventioninspiredbytraditionalwoodentoys.5.HowdidtheauthorfeelwhenhefirstlearnedabouttheDalahorse?A.Indifferent. B.Confused. C.Fascinated. D.Skeptical.6.WhydidtheauthorlikehisDalahorsesomuch?A.Hisparentsspokehighlyofhisremarkablecarvingskills.B.ItservedasareminderofhisbondwithSwedishtraditions.C.Itapproachedanidealstateofperfectioninformanddetail.D.Itexhibitedaremarkablesimilaritytotheonesonpostcards.7.Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A.DalaHorses:CarvedfromhappinessB.DalaHorses:ASwedishArtisticWonderC.DiscoveringtheBeautyofDalaHorses’PatternsD.TheHistoryandMakingofDalaHorsesinSweden【答案】4.B5.C6.B7.B【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者从书中了解到瑞典达拉木马，对其产生兴趣，之后在手工坊亲手制作达拉木马，这一经历不仅让作者感受到制作的乐趣，更让作者体会到它所承载的瑞典传统文化。【4题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段中“Dalahorses,thebrightlypaintedwoodenhorses,withtheircomplexpatterns,comefromtheDalarnaregionanddatebacktothe1600s.Originallycarvedastoys,theygraduallybecamethesymbolsofSwedishtraditionovertime.(达拉木马，这些色彩鲜艳、图案复杂的木马，来自达拉纳地区，可追溯到17世纪。最初被雕刻成玩具，随着时间的推移，它们逐渐成为瑞典传统的象征)”可知，达拉木马来自瑞典的达拉纳地区。故选B项。【5题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段中“ThatwasmyfirstlearningaboutDalahorsesfromabookonSwedishculture.WhileIdidn’tfullyunderstandthedeepermeaningatthattime,Iwasimmediatelydrawntotheircharmanduniqueness.(那是我第一次从一本关于瑞典文化的书中了解到达拉木马。虽然当时我并没有完全理解其深层含义，但我立刻被它们的魅力和独特性所吸引)”可知，作者第一次了解到达拉木马时，被它们的魅力和独特性所吸引，即感到着迷。故选C项。【6题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Yearslater,IstillhavethatDalahorseinmyroom.It’sareminderofthatwonderfuldayandmyconnectiontoSwedishtraditions.(多年后，我的房间里还放着那匹达拉木马。它让我想起了那个美好的日子，以及我与瑞典传统的联系)”可推知，作者非常喜欢他的达拉木马，因为它提醒着作者与瑞典传统的联系。故选B项。【7题详解】主旨大意题。通读全文，结合第一段中“Dalahorses,thebrightlypaintedwoodenhorses,withtheircomplexpatterns,comefromtheDalarnaregionanddatebacktothe1600s.(达拉木马，这些色彩鲜艳、图案复杂的木马，来自达拉纳地区，可追溯到17世纪)”和最后一段“Yearslater,IstillhavethatDalahorseinmyroom.It’sareminderofthatwonderfuldayandmyconnectiontoSwedishtraditions.TheDalahorseismorethanapieceofart—it’sasymbolofhistory,culture,andcherishedmemories.(多年后，我房间里仍然有那匹达拉木马。它让我想起那个美好的日子以及我与瑞典传统的联系。达拉木马不仅仅是一件艺术品——它是历史、文化和珍贵记忆的象征)”可知，介绍了达拉木马的起源，讲述作者了解并亲手制作达拉木马的经历，最后强调它不仅是一件艺术品，更是瑞典历史文化和珍贵回忆的象征。由此可知，B项“DalaHorses:ASwedishArtisticWonder(达拉木马：瑞典的艺术奇迹)”适合作文章标题。故选B项。CNewpsychologyresearchpointstothefactorsthatexplainwhywefindparticularpoemsaestheticallypleasing.“Whileitmayseemobviousthatindividualtastemattersinjudgmentsofpoetry,wefoundcertainfactorsconsistentlyinfluencehowmuchapoemwillbeenjoyed.”Aesthetics(美学),thebasisofwhatwefindappealingornot,playanimportantroleinoureverydaylives.However,littleisknownabouthowwemakethesejudgments.Theresearcherssoughttoansweranage-oldquestion—“Whydowelikewhatwelike?”—bymeasuringwhatwefindaestheticallypleasinginpoetry.Todothis,theteamhadmorethan400participantsreadandratepoemsoftwogenres—haikuandsonnet—withtheaimofunderstandingthefactorsthatbestpredictedtheaestheticappealofthepoems.Afterreadingeachpoem,participantsansweredquestionsaboutthepoem’svividness(“Howvividistheimageryevokedfromthispoem?”),emotionalarousal(“Howrelaxingorstimulatingisthispoem?”),emotionalvalence(“Howpositiveornegativeisthecontentofthispoem?”),andaestheticappeal(“Howenjoyableoraestheticallyappealingdidyoufindthispoem?”).Theirresultsshowedthatvividnessofmentalimagerywasthebestpredictorofaestheticappeal—poemsthatevokedgreaterimageryweremorepleasing.Emotionalvalencealsopredictedaestheticappeal,thoughtoalesserextent;specifically,poemsthatwerefoundtobemorepositiveweregenerallyfoundtobemoreappealing.Bycontrast,emotionalarousaldidnothaveaclearrelationshiptoaestheticappeal.“Thevividnessofapoemconsistentlypredicteditsaestheticappeal,”notesStarr,authorofFeelingBeauty:TheNeuroscienceofAestheticExperience.“Therefore,itseemsthatvividnessofmentalimagerymaybeakeyfactorinfluencingwhatwelikemorebroadly.”“Whilelimitedtopoetry,”sheadds,“ourworkshedslightintowhichfactsmostinfluenceouraestheticjudgmentsandpavesthewayforfutureresearchinvestigatinghowwemakesuchjudgmentsinotherfields.”8.Whatdidtheresearchersasktheparticipantstodo?A.Evaluatepoemsofhaikuandsonnet. B.Writetheaestheticappealofpoems.C.Explainfactorsofemotionalvalence. D.Askquestionsaboutthepoem’svividness.9.Whichofthefollowingistrueaccordingtoparagraph4?A.Poemswithmorenegativecontentaremoreappealing.B.Emotionalarousalisnegativelyrelatedtoaestheticappeal.C.Emotionalvalenceisthemostimportantpredictorofaestheticappeal.D.Vividnessofmentalimageryhasthestrongestconnectionwithaestheticappeal.10.WhatcanbeinferredfromStarr’swords?A.Theresearchwillhelpexploreaestheticjudgmentsinotherfields.B.Thefindingofvividnessbeingakeyfactorisonlyapplicabletopoetry.C.Emotionalvalenceshouldbefurtherstudiedinthecontextofotherartforms.D.Theresearchhaslittlevalueforunderstandingaestheticjudgmentsinotherareas.11.Whatisthemainpurposeofthispassage?A.Tointroducedifferenttypesofpoems. B.Todiscusstheimportanceofaesthetics.C.Toshowthefindingsofaestheticappeal. D.Topersuadepeopletoadmirethepoems.【答案】8.A9.D10.A11.C【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了新的心理学研究指出了为什么我们觉得某些诗歌具有美学吸引力的因素。【8题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段中“Todothis,theteamhadmorethan400participantsreadandratepoemsoftwogenres—haikuandsonnet—withtheaimofunderstandingthefactorsthatbestpredictedtheaestheticappealofthepoems.(为了做到这一点，研究小组让400多名参与者阅读并评价两种类型的诗歌——俳句和十四行诗，目的是了解哪些因素最能预测诗歌的美学吸引力)”可知，研究人员要求参与者评价俳句和十四行诗。故选A项。【9题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段中“Theirresultsshowedthatvividnessofmentalimagerywasthebestpredictorofaestheticappeal—poemsthatevokedgreaterimageryweremorepleasing.(他们的研究结果表明，心理意象的生动性是审美吸引力的最佳预测指标——能唤起更多意象的诗歌更令人愉悦)”可知，心理意象的生动性与美学吸引力有着最强的联系。故选D项。【10题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段中Starr的话““Whilelimitedtopoetry,”sheadds,“ourworkshedslightintowhichfactsmostinfluenceouraestheticjudgmentsandpavesthewayforfutureresearchinvestigatinghowwemakesuchjudgmentsinotherfields.”(“虽然仅限于诗歌，”她补充说，“但我们的工作揭示了哪些事实最影响我们的美学判断，并为未来研究我们在其他领域如何做出这样的判断铺平了道路。”)”可知，从Starr的话中可以推断出，这项研究将有助于探索其他领域的美学判断。故选A项。【11题详解】主旨大意题。通读全文，结合第一段“Newpsychologyresearchpointstothefactorsthatexplainwhywefindparticularpoemsaestheticallypleasing.(新的心理学研究指出了为什么我们觉得某些诗歌具有美学吸引力的因素)”可知，文章开篇指出新的心理学研究指出了人们觉得某些诗歌具有审美吸引力的因素，接着介绍了研究过程和研究发现，最后说明研究的意义，所以文章的主要目的是展示关于审美吸引力的研究发现。故选C项。DTakingantioxidantsupplementssuchasvitaminsCandEmightmakelungcancersgrowbiggerandspreadbystimulatingtheformationofbloodvesselswithintumours(肿瘤),accordingtoastudyinmice.Oneresearcherinvolvedhassaidthatpeoplewiththeconditionshouldn’ttrytoavoidtheseantioxidantsintheirdiet,butgettingmorethantheyneedviasupplementscouldcauseharm.MartinBergöattheKarolinskaInstituteinSwedenandhiscolleaguespreviouslyfoundthatsupplementingwiththeantioxidantsvitaminEandN-acetylcysteinecausedlungcancerstospreadinmice.Tobetterunderstandhowthismightoccur,Bergöandadifferentteamofresearchersstudiedmicewithaspecificformoflungcancerandmicethathadbeenimplantedwithhumanlungcancercells.Theysupplementedthemice’swaterwithvitaminC,whichtheanimalsnaturallyyield,andvitaminEandN-acetylcysteine,whichtheygetfromtheirdiet.Theresearchersgavethemiceincreasingamountsoftheseantioxidants,whichmadethelevelsoftheseantioxidantsinthemicehigherthanwhatwasnecessary.“Todayinsociety,alotofpeopleeathealthily.Theyhavesomesupplements,andthentheyalsoconsumeotherantioxidant-richfoodslikegingershotsandsmoothies,”saysBergö,“Ifyoudoallthat,youcouldendupwiththelevelsofdoses—toomuch—thatwe’retalkingabout.”Theresearchersfoundthatthehighertheantioxidantdoses,thegreatertherateofbloodvesselformationinthetumours.Thiswastrueformicewiththespecificlungcancerandthosewithimplantedhumancancercells.Increasedbloodvesselgrowthwouldprobablyleadtotumoursgrowingandspreading,saysBergö,buttheydidn’tstudythis.Bergöhasstressedthatpeoplewithanyformofcancershouldn’tchangetheirdietonthebasisofthisresearch.“Ifyoutookawayalltheantioxidantsinfood,youwouldgetsickforarangeofreasons,suchasvitamindeficiencies,andthiswouldinfluencethecancer,”hesays,“We’refocusingonincreaseddosesabovetherequiredlevels.”12.Whatistheeffectofantioxidantsupplementsonlungcancer?A.Theyhelptoreducetheriskoflungcancer.B.Theyhavelittlesignificantimpactonlungcancer.C.Theypreventtheformationofbloodvesselsintumors.D.Theymaycausethegrowthandspreadoflungcancer.13.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“yield”inparagraph3mean?A.Digest. B.Compose. C.Construct. D.Produce.14.Howdidtheresearchersstudyantioxidantsonmicewithlungcancer?A.Byimplantinghumancellsonly. B.Byvaryingtheantioxidantdoses.C.Bycomparingspecificantioxidants. D.Bykeepingantioxidantdosesfixed.15.WhatdoesBergöemphasizeabouttheantioxidantsincancerpatients’diets?A.Antioxidantsshouldbecompletelyavoided.B.Highdosesofantioxidantscandirectlycausecancer.C.Antioxidantsarenecessarybuttheirdosesshouldbecontrolled.D.Thestudy’sresultsshouldbeusedinadjustingthepatients’diets.【答案】12.D13.D14.B15.C【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一项关于抗氧化剂补充剂对肺癌影响的研究。【12题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段“TakingantioxidantsupplementssuchasvitaminsCandEmightmakelungcancersgrowbiggerandspreadbystimulatingtheformationofbloodvesselswithintumours(肿瘤),accordingtoastudyinmice.(一项小鼠研究显示，服用维生素C和E等抗氧化剂补充剂可能会通过刺激肿瘤内血管的形成，使肺癌生长得更大并发生扩散)”可知，抗氧化剂补充剂可能会导致肺癌的生长和扩散。故选D项。【13题详解】词句猜测题。划线词所在句中“vitaminC,

whichtheanimalsnaturallyyield(生素C，动物自然yield)”和“vitaminEandN-acetylcysteine,whichtheygetfromtheirdiet(维生素E和N-乙酰半胱氨酸，从饮食中获取)”是对比关系，说明维生素E和N-乙酰半胱氨酸是从饮食中获取，而生素C是动物自然产生。故划线词yield意思是“产生”，与D项Produce同义。故选D项。【14题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段中“Theresearchersgavethemiceincreasingamountsoftheseantioxidants,whichmadethelevelsoftheseantioxidantsinthemicehigherthanwhatwasnecessary.(研究人员给老鼠增加了这些抗氧化剂的用量，这使得老鼠体内这些抗氧化剂的水平高于必要水平)”可知，研究人员是通过改变抗氧化剂的剂量来研究抗氧化剂对肺癌小鼠的影响的。故选B项。【15题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段“Bergöhasstressedthatpeoplewithanyformofcancershouldn’tchangetheirdietonthebasisofthisresearch.‘Ifyoutookawayalltheantioxidantsinfood,youwouldgetsickforarangeofreasons,suchasvitamindeficiencies,andthiswouldinfluencethecancer,’hesays,‘We’refocusingonincreaseddosesabovetherequiredlevels.’(Bergö强调，任何形式的癌症患者都不应该根据这项研究改变他们的饮食。‘如果你去掉食物中所有的抗氧化剂，你会因为一系列原因而生病，比如维生素缺乏，这会影响癌症，’他说，‘我们关注的是超过所需水平的剂量增加。’)”可知，Bergö强调抗氧化剂是必要的，但应该控制其剂量。故选C项。第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。AI-generatedtexthasbecomeavaluabletooltosome,aswellasbanetoothers.AIchatbots,suchasChatGPTcanproducewritingthatappearstobehuman-likeonthesurface.____16____.Luckily,therearesomesubtlewaystodetectifthewritingisfromapersonoramachine.CheckthewritingwithtoolsThereareplentyofAI-detectiontoolsonlinetodetectifthewritingisAI-generated.____17____.Youshouldusemultipletoolsincombinationwithotherconfirmationmethods.Ifpossible,comparethewritingwiththestudent’sorauthor’spreviouswritingtoseeifthereareanydifferences.UseachatbottodetectAIwritingInadditiontothetoolsonline,youcanalsouseAIitselftodetectAI.____18____.Thenuploadorcopyandpastethetext.Itwilltellyouifthetextwaswritteninchatbotsornot.Spottheunusualperfection____19____.Evenprofessionalwriterscanhaveanoccasionalmisspelling.Ifthewritingisabnormallyperfect,especiallycomparedtotheirpreviouswriting,thiscouldbearedflagthatthewritingwasAI-generated.____20____AIgeneratestextbyplacingwordstogetherinawaythatmatcheswithcommonpatternsinthetextitwastrainedon.Itdoesn’tactuallyknowanything.Furthermore,manyAIchatbotsaretrainedonoutdatedinformation.Iftheinformationisincorrectorcitesmadeupsources,itcouldbegeneratedbyAI.A.FollowAItrainingpatternsB.Fact-checkagainstreliablesourcesC.MoststudentsarenotexpertwritersD.TheyanalyzepatternsinthetexttodeterminethelikelihoodE.Forthosewhoworkineducation,detectingAIwritingcanbechallengingF.However,theydohavetheirlimitationsandshouldnotberelieduponentirelyG.Forexample,youcouldgototheChatGPTwebsiteandenter“Didyouwritethis?”【答案】16.E17.F18.G19.C20.B【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一些检测文本是否由人工智能生成的方法。【16题详解】上文“AI-generatedtexthasbecomeavaluabletooltosome,aswellasbanetoothers.AIchatbots,suchasChatGPTcanproducewritingthatappearstobehuman-likeonthesurface.(对一些人来说，人工智能生成的文本已经成为一种有价值的工具，但对另一些人来说则是一种祸害。人工智能聊天机器人，如ChatGPT，可以生成表面上看起来类似人类写作的文本)”介绍了人工智能生成文本的两面性，并指出ChatGPT等聊天机器人可以生成看似人类写作的文本。E选项“Forthosewhoworkineducation,detectingAIwritingcanbechallenging.(对于从事教育工作的人来说，检测人工智能写作可能是一项挑战)”承接上文，指出在教育领域，检测人工智能生成的文本可能是一项挑战，与上文“AI-generatedtext”话题一致，且下文“Luckily,therearesomesubtlewaystodetectifthewritingisfromapersonoramachine.(幸运的是，有一些微妙的方法可以检测文本是来自人还是机器)”中“Luckily”表示转折，说明设空句提到了一种不太乐观的情况，E选项中“challenging”与之对应。故选E项。【17题详解】上文“ThereareplentyofAI-detectiontoolsonlinetodetectifthewritingisAI-generated.(网上有很多人工智能检测工具可以检测文本是否是由人工智能生成的)”介绍了可以使用在线工具来检测文本是否由人工智能生成，F选项“However,theydohavetheirlimitationsandshouldnotberelieduponentirely.(然而，它们确实有自己的局限性，不应完全依赖)”指出这些工具有局限性，不应完全依赖，与上文构成转折关系，且下文“Youshouldusemultipletoolsincombinationwithotherconfirmationmethods.(你应该结合其他确认方法使用多种工具)”进一步说明不应只依赖一种工具，而是应该结合其他方法，F选项中“shouldnotberelieduponentirely”与下文“usemultipletoolsincombinationwithotherconfirmationmethods”语义一致。故选F项。【18题详解】上文“Inadditiontothetoolsonline,youcanalsouseAIitselftodetectAI.(除了在线工具外，你还可以使用人工智能本身来检测人工智能)”提出可以使用人工智能来检测人工智能生成的文本，G选项“Forexample,youcouldgototheChatGPTwebsiteandenter‘Didyouwritethis?’(例如，你可以访问ChatGPT网站，并输入‘这是你写的吗？’)”举例说明如何使用人工智能来检测，即访问ChatGPT网站并输入相关问题，与上文“useAIitselftodetectAI”相呼应。故选G项。【19题详解】下文“Evenprofessionalwriterscanhaveanoccasionalmisspelling.Ifthewritingisabnormallyperfect,especiallycomparedtotheirpreviouswriting,thiscouldbearedflagthatthewritingwasAI-generated.(即使是专业作家有时也会拼写错误。如果写作异常完美，特别是与他们之前的作品相比，这可能是写作是由人工智能生成的一个危险信号)”指出如果文本异常完美，可能是由人工智能生成的。C选项“Moststudentsarenotexpertwriters.(大多数学生都不是专业的作家)”与下文构成对比关系，说明学生不是专业作家，因此他们的文本可能不会完美，从而引出下文关于文本完美程度可能是人工智能生成的信号的讨论。故选C项。【20题详解】根据下文“Furthermore,manyAIchatbotsaretrainedonoutdatedinformation.Iftheinformationisincorrectorcitesmadeupsources,itcouldbegeneratedbyAI.(此外，许多人工智能聊天机器人是根据过时的信息进行训练的。如果信息不正确或引用了编造的来源，它可能是由人工智能生成的)”可知，本段主要讲可以通过核查信息来源和真实性来判断是否为人工智能生成的文本，B选项“Fact-checkagainstreliablesources(对照可靠来源进行事实核查)”符合该段主旨，适合作小标题。故选B项。第三部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。OnthedaybeforeMother’sDaylastyear,DevittKaneandEricRamey,twocrewmemberswiththeWashingtonStateDepartmentofTransportation(WSDOT),spottedatornbagontheshoulderofU.S.Highway2nearLeavenworth.Thebag’scontentssurprisedthe____21____.Insidewereahandbagandapairofearrings,fallingoutofatorngiftwrapping(包装).DevittandEricbroughtthebagtotheirheadquarters,butno____22____giftshadbeenreported.DeterminedtofindtheownersbeforeMother’sDay,they____23____itontheFacebook,hopingthe____24____personwouldseeitintime.Asthedayended,therewasstillno____25____,butlaterthatnight,Devittreceivedacallthatbroughtgoodnews.Hiscolleagues,whohadbeenworkingto____26____thegifts’owner,finallysucceeded.TheyreceivedacallfromamannamedDavidCarlile,explaininghehad____27____lostabagofgifts.Withthehelpofrelevantdepartments,Davidgotbackthe____28____nearaskiresortonU.S.Highway2justaftermidnight.“IwasonmywaytovisitmymominEverett,Washington.Ididn’tevenrealizethebaghadbeen____29____frommytruckbedearlyinthetrip.”Davidrecalled.Afterexpressinghis_____30_____,hedroveoffto_____31_____thegiftsbeforehismotherwokeup.Devitt_____32_____ontheexperience,“Workingovertimecanbe_____33_____,butmakingsomeoneelsefeelgoodonthisspecialdaymadeitall_____34_____.”ForDavidCarlileandhisfamily,thiseffort_____35_____theMother’sday.21.A.group B.pair C.team D.region22.A.stolen B.hidden C.missing D.matching23.A.posted B.blocked C.deleted D.identified24.A.right B.random C.remote D.different25.A.prediction B.request C.offer D.response26.A.trackdown B.turndown C.pickout D.ruleout27.A.carefully B.naturally C.accidentally D.deliberately28.A.awards B.essentials C.certificates D.presents29.A.drivenaway B.blownout C.thrownout D.takenaway30.A.regret B.gratitude C.pity D.sympathy31.A.replace B.rate C.regain D.rewrap32.A.researched B.reflected C.concentrated D.relied33.A.simple B.odd C.tough D.terrific34.A.insignificant B.worse C.possible D.worthwhile35.A.ruined B.involved C.saved D.shifted【答案】21.B22.C23.A24.A25.D26.A27.C28.D29.B30.B31.D32.B33.C34.D35.C【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了华盛顿州交通部的两名工作人员在母亲节前夕发现并归还一个装有礼物的袋子，最终让失主大卫·卡莱尔一家度过了一个美好的母亲节。【21题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：袋子里的东西让这对搭档很惊讶。A.group组；B.pair两个共事（或有特殊关系）的人；C.team团队；D.region地区。根据前文“DevittKaneandEricRamey,twocrewmemberswiththeWashingtonStateDepartmentofTransportation(WSDOT),”可知，发现袋子的是德维特和埃里克两个人，是一对搭档。故选B项。【22题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：德维特和埃里克把袋子带到了他们的总部，但没有看到丢失礼物的报告。A.stolen被偷的；B.hidden隐藏的；C.missing丢失的；D.matching匹配的。根据前文“DevittandEricbroughtthebagtotheirhe