2022年江苏南京中考考前押题密卷（全解全析）

2022年江苏南京中考考前押题密卷英语·全解全析（考试时间：90分钟试卷满分：90分）注意事项：1.本试卷共10页。全卷满分90分。考试时间为90分钟。试题包含选择题和非选择题。考生答题全部答在答题卡上，答在本试卷上无效。2.请认真核对监考教师在答题卡上所粘贴条形码的姓名、考试证号是否与本人相符合，再将自己的姓名、考试证号用0.5毫米黑色墨水签字笔填写在答题卡及本试卷上。3.答选择题必须用2B铅笔将答题卡上对应的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，请用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案。答非选择题必须用0.5毫米黑色墨水签字笔写在答题卡的指定位置，在其他位置答题一律无效。选择题（共40分）一、单项填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。1．—WhendidtheShenzhouⅫreturntotheEarth?—________theafternoonofSeptember17.A．In B．On C．At D．Since【答案】B【详解】句意：神舟十二是什么时候返回地球的？考查介词辨析。in后接年、月或泛指的上下午、晚上等；on后接具体日期或具体某一天的上下午、晚上等；at后接具体钟表时刻等；since自从。根据“...theafternoonofSeptember17.”可知此处指在9月17日这一天的下午，用介词on。故选B。2．—Ricky,yourpronunciationsoundsgood._________haveyoulearntFrench?—WhenIvisitedParistwoyearsago,Ibegantolearnitonline.A．Where B．When C．Howmuch D．Howlong【答案】D【详解】句意：——瑞奇，你的发音听起来不错。你学法语多久了？——当我两年前访问巴黎时，我开始在网上学习。考查特殊疑问句。where在哪；When何时；Howmuch多少，提问不可数名词数量或价格；Howlong多长时间，对一段时间或长度提问。根据“haveyoulearntFrench?”可知此处询问学了多久法语，表示时长，用howlong来提问，故选D。3．“TheWartoResistU.S.AggressionandAidKorea”(抗美援朝)isafamouswar,butsadly,________knowswhatthecertaindeathtollis.A．everybody B．nobody C．anybody D．somebody【答案】B【详解】句意：“抗美援朝战争”是一场著名的战争，但令人遗憾的是，没有人知道确切的死亡人数。考查复合不定代词辨析。everybody每个人；nobody没有人；anybody任何人；somebody某人。根据“butsadly,...knowswhatthecertaindeathtollis.”可知，前后句意转折，虽然战争很出名，但是没有人知道确切的伤亡人数，故选B。4．Hisauntwantsto________himtofixthewatch,buthehasalreadyhadit________.A．make,repair B．get,repair C．have,repaired D．get,repaired【答案】D【详解】句意：他的阿姨想要让他修理手表，但他已经让人修理好了。考查非谓语动词。固定短语make/havesb.dosth.“使某人干某事”；getsb.todosth.“使某人干某事”；havesth.done表示“让别人干某事”。根据空格后的“himtofixthewatch”可知此处是指“叫他去修手表”，需用get，排除AC选项。又根据第二个空格前的“hadit”可知此处是指“他让别人修好了”，需用过去分词。故选D。5．Thefatboyhadbetterdo________exerciseandeat________snacksifhewantstobehealthier.A．more;less B．less;more C．fewer;more D．more;fewer【答案】D【详解】句意：如果那个胖男孩想要更健康的话，他最好多做运动，少吃零食。考查比较级。more更多的，many和much的比较级；less更少的，little的比较级，修饰不可数名词；fewer更少的，few的比较级，修饰可数名词。根据第一空“Thefatboyhadbetterdo...exercise”可知，这个胖男孩应该“多运动”，因此第一空是more；第二空根据“eat...snacks”表示，他应该吃“更少的”零食，snack是可数名词，因此用fewer修饰。故选D。6．Thecostofliving________alot.Asaresult,myfatherhastofindanotherjobtofeedus.A．hasraised B．hasrisen C．raised D．rose【答案】B【详解】句意：生活成本已经上涨了很多。结果，我爸爸不得不另找一份工作来养活我们。考查动词词义辨析及现在完成时。根据“myfatherhastofindanotherjobtofeedus”可知爸爸不得不找另一份工作是因为生活成本的上涨，且这件事已经发生，对现在有影响，因此句子应用现在完成时。主语是Thecostofliving，第三人称单数，因此动词要用rise表示“（价格）上涨”，其过去分词为risen。构成现在完成时，要借助助动词has。故选B。7．_________moreandmorepeoplesurftheInternetfornews,thetraditionalnewspapermaynotdisappearinashorttime.A．Though B．Since C．Because D．Unless【答案】A【详解】句意：虽然越来越多的人上网看新闻，但传统报纸可能不会在短时间内消失。考查连词辨析。Though尽管；Since既然；Because因为；Unless除非。根据“moreandmorepeoplesurftheInternetfornews,thetraditionalnewspapermaynotdisappearinashorttime”可知，此处是though引导让步状语从句时，表示“虽然，即使”，不能与but连用。故选A。8．—HaveyouheardthatChina’sprodigy(奇才)GuAilingclaimedthehistoricgoldinthewomen’sfreeskibigairoftheBeijing2022OlympicWinterGames?—It’snotsurprising.________.Shehasworkedhardatittheseyears.A．Everydoghasitsday B．ActionsspeaklouderthanwordsC．Nopain,nogain D．Manyhandsmakelightwork【答案】C【详解】句意：——你听说了吗？中国奇才谷爱凌在北京2022年冬奥会自由式滑雪女子大跳台比赛中获得了历史性的金牌。——这并不奇怪，一分耕耘一分收获。这些年她一直在努力训练。考查习语。Everydoghasitsday凡人皆有得意日；Actionsspeaklouderthanwords事实胜于雄辩；Nopain,nogain一分耕耘一分收获；Manyhandsmakelightwork人多好办事。根据“Shehasworkedhardatittheseyears.”可知，谷爱凌一直努力训练，所以她获得了金牌，这体现了“一分耕耘一分收获”。故选C。9．ThefilmTheBattleAtLakeChangjinⅡhasreceivedhighpraisesinceit________onscreen.A．put B．isput C．wasput D．willbeput【答案】C【详解】句意：电影《长津湖之水门桥》自从上映以来就获得了高度的好评。考查被动语态。根据“ThefilmTheBattleAtLakeChangjinⅡhasreceivedhighpraisesinceit...onscreen”可知since引导的时间状语从句，主句常用现在完成时，从句用一般过去时；再分析主语和动词可知，此处应用一般过去时的被动语态，故选C。10．—Whodidyou________makethecakefor?—Mymother.TodayisherbirthdayandIwanttogiveherasurprise.A．specially B．successfully C．especially D．curiously【答案】A【详解】句意：——你特地为谁做的蛋糕？——我的母亲。今天是她的生日，我想给她一个惊喜。考查副词辨析。specially特别地，专门地；successfully成功地；especially尤其是；curiously好奇地。根据“TodayisherbirthdayandIwanttogiveherasurprise.”可知今天是母亲的生日，特地为她做的蛋糕，此处问特地为谁做的蛋糕，用specially。故选A。11．—Doyoureallydecidetotakethejob?—Yes,orIwill________nottakingtheoffer.A．repeat B．regret C．review D．reduce【答案】B【详解】句意：——你真的决定接受这份工作?——是的,否则我会后悔没有接受这个工作。考查动词辨析。repeat重复；regret遗憾,后悔；review复习；reduce减少。根据句意可知此处用regret后悔。故选B。12．Youcanseethe_________onpeople’sfaceswhentheytalkaboutChina’schangesinthepast70years.A．pride B．secret C．regret D．courage【答案】A【详解】句意：当人们谈论过去70年的中国的变化时，你可以在他们脸上看到骄傲。考查名词辨析。pride“骄傲，自豪”；secret“秘密”；regret“遗憾，后悔”；courage“勇气”。根据“whentheytalkaboutChina’schangesinthepast70years.”可知，过去的七十年里中国发生了巨大的变化，因此脸上洋溢的是自豪感。故选A。13．—Couldyoutellme_______?—YoucansearchforitontheInternet.A．howmuchthepopulationofIndiais B．whatwilllifeonMarsbelikeC．ifthelastbushadleft D．whowrotethiswonderfulpoem【答案】D【详解】句意：——你能告诉我谁写了这首精彩的诗歌吗？——你可以上网搜索一下。考查宾语从句。宾语从句需要用陈述句语序，排除B；对population提问，应用what，排除A；结合句中“YoucansearchforitontheInternet.”可知，通过搜索可以得到答案，选项D符合语境。故选D。14．—Itissaidthatpeopleborninthe1990sonlycareaboutthemselves.—________.Manynursesanddoctorsofthisagearefightingonthefrontlinesoftheepidemic.A．Yes,that’strue B．That’snotthecase C．Iagreewithyou D．Ican’tagreemore【答案】B【详解】句意：——据说90后只关心自己。——情况不是这样的。许多这个年龄的护士和医生正在疫情的前线战斗。考查情景交际。Yes,that’strue是的，这是真的；That’snotthecase情况不是这样的；Iagreewithyou我同意你的观点；Ican’tagreemore我完全同意。根据“Itissaidthatpeopleborninthe1990sonlycareaboutthemselves”以及“Manynursesanddoctorsofthisagearefightingonthefrontlinesoftheepidemic”可知，并不同意对方的观点，故选B。15．—IthinkthedramaseriesALifelongJourney(《人世间》)isworthwatching.—________.Wecanseegreatchangesoverthefiftyyearsfromthedramaseries.A．That’sallright B．Ican’tagreemore C．That’sagoodidea D．Believeitornot【答案】B【详解】句意：——我认为《人世间》这部电视剧值得一看。——我完全同意。我们可以从这部电视剧中看到50年来的巨大变化。考查情景交际。That’sallright没关系；Ican’tagreemore我完全同意；That’sagoodidea这是个好主意；Believeitornot信不信由你。根据空格后的句子“Wecanseegreatchangesoverthefiftyyearsfromthedramaseries”可知，空格处所填内容是完全同意上文所说的话。故选B。二、完形填空（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文所给各题的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。Ihadspentanhourinthebankwithmydad,sincehehadtotransfermoney(转账).Iasked,“Dad,whydon’twedoitwithyourInternetbanking?”Healreadyopenedoneafewmonthsago.“WhywouldIdothat?”he____16____.“Well,thenyouwon’thaveto____17____anhourhereforthingsliketransfer.Youcanevendoyourshoppingonline;everythingwillbeso____18____!”IwassoexcitedtotellhimallkindsofadvantagesofInternetbanking.Heasked,“IfIdothat,Iwon’thavetostepoutofthehouse?”“Yes,yes!”Isaid.ItoldhimhowAmazondelivers(递送)everything.Hisanswermademe____19____.Hesaid,“SinceIenteredthisbanktoday,Ihavemetfourofmyfriends;Ihavechattedawhilewiththepeoplewhoknowmeverywellbynow.YouknowI’mlonely…thisiswhatIneed____20____.Iliketogetreadyandcometothebank.Ihaveenoughtimeanditisthe‘physicaltouch’thatI____21____.TwoyearsagowhenIgotsick,thestoreownerfromwhomIoftenbuyfruitscametoseemeandchattedwithme.Whenyourmumfelldownafewdaysagowhileonhermorningwalk,theflowershopkeepersawitandsoongothiscartodriveherhome____22____heknowswherewelive.WouldIhavethat‘human’____23____ifeverythingbecameonline?WhywouldIwanteverythingdeliveredtomeandlookatmycomputerallthetime?IliketoknowthepersonthatI’mdealingwithandnotjustthe‘seller’.Itcreates____24____;doesAmazondeliverallthisaswell?Technologyisn’t_____25_____.Spendtimewithpeople.Notwithdevices.”16．A．accepted B．suggested C．complained D．replied17．A．save B．reduce C．waste D．take18．A．cheap B．easy C．crazy D．awful19．A．surprised B．worried C．bored D．excited20．A．recently B．rapidly C．simply D．exactly21．A．refuse B．expect C．offer D．remind22．A．as B．although C．if D．unless23．A．spirit B．sense C．touch D．nature24．A．businesses B．relationships C．chances D．wonders25．A．society B．power C．money D．life【答案】16．D17．C18．B19．A20．D21．B22．A23．C24．B25．D【解析】本文是一篇记叙文。短文主要讲述了作者和他的父亲对网上银行的讨论。父亲的观点让作者对科技有了新的认识。16．句意：“我为什么要那么做？”他回答。accepted接受；suggested建议；complained抱怨；replied回答。根据上句“Iasked,“Dad,whydon’twedoitwithyourInternetbanking?””可推知，空处应用“回答”。故选D。17．句意：那你就不用在这里浪费一个小时来处理转账这种事了。save节省；reduce减少；waste浪费；take带走。根据上文“Ihadspentanhourinthebankwithmydad,sincehehadtotransfermoney(转账).Iasked,“Dad,whydon’twedoitwithyourInternetbanking?”Healreadyopenedoneafewmonthsago.”语境可知，作者认为是在这里浪费一个小时转账。故选C。18．句意：你甚至可以在网上购物，一切都很简单。cheap便宜的；easy容易的；crazy疯狂的；awful可怕的。根据常识可知，在网上购物和做其他的事情都很简单的。故选B。19．句意：他的回答让我很惊讶。surprised惊讶的；worried担心的；bored无聊的；excited激动人心的。根据下文“Hesaid,"SinceIwalkedintothisbanktoday,IhavemetfourofmyoldfriendsandIhavechattedawhilewiththestaff（员工）.Ihavemuchfreetime,soIliketocometothebankand5differentpeople.”可知，作者的父亲去银行转账见了不同的人们，这让他很开心，故这个回答应是令作者很惊讶。故选A。20．句意：你知道我很寂寞……，这正是我需要的。recently最近；rapidly迅速地；simply简单地；exactly准确地。根据前句“YouknowI’mlonely…”可推知，在银行里和不同的人聊天正是作者的父亲需要的。故选D。21．句意：我有足够的时间，我期待的是身体上的接触。refuse拒绝；expect期待；offer提供；remind提醒。根据前句“Iliketogetreadyandcometothebank.”可知，身体上的接触应是作者父亲所期待的。故选B。22．句意：花店老板看到了，很快就开车送她回家，因为他知道我们住在哪里。as因为；although虽然；if如果；unless除非。根据空前后句意对比可知，空处的词表示原因。故选A。23．句意：如果所有东西都上网了，我还会有人情吗？spirit精神；sense感觉；touch接触；nature自然。根据后半句“ifeverythingbecameonline?”可推知，应是父亲认为还会有人和人的接触，还有人情吗。故选C。24．句意：它创造了关系，亚马逊也提供这些吗？businesses生意；relationships关系；chances机会；wonders奇迹。根据前句“IliketoknowthepersonthatI’mdealingwithandnotjustthe‘seller’.”可知，应是创造了人和人接触的这种关系。故选B。25．句意：科技不是生活。society社会；power力量；money金钱；life生活。根据后句“Spendtimewithpeople.Notwithdevices.”可知，应是说科技不是生活。故选D。三、阅读理解（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下列材料，从每题所给四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。AWelcomeToNanjingPresidentialPalaceOpeningHours:8:30-18:00TicketPrice:Adult:age18+¥40Childforage6-18andtheelderlyover60enjoyhalfprice.Freeforchildrenunder140cm,orbelow6yearsold.Freefortheelderlyover70.Onlinebooking:1.Theticketisonlyvalid(有效的)fortheday.2.YourpassportorIDinformationisrequired,andonepersoncanbookonlyoneticketperday.3.Oneadultcouldbookatmosttwochildtickets.ImportantNotice:

DuringtheCOVID-19EpidemicControlPeriod:1.Thereal-timelocal“HealthCode”willbecheckedbeforeentering.2.Bodytemperatureover37.3℃orcoughingandshortofbreath,visitorsarenotallowedtoenter.3.Wearmasksduringthevisitandkeepdistancewithothers.Formoreinformation,youcanvisit:Howmuchwillayoungcouplewitha4-year-oldchildpayatleasttovisittheHumbleAdministratorGarden?A．¥40. B．¥60. C．¥80. D．¥100.27．Whichofthefollowingistrueaccordingtothepassage?A．Oneadultcouldonlybookonechildticket.B．PassportorIDinformationisneededwhenbookingticketsonline.C．AmanwithahighfevercanentertheHumbleAdministratorGardenwithamask.D．Visitorscanbookticketsonthewebsitehttp:.28．Whereisthepassageprobablytakenfrom?A．Astorybook. B．Atravelguide. C．Asciencefiction. D．Anewsreport.【答案】26．C27．B28．B【解析】本文是一篇应用文，向我们介绍南京总统府的相关信息。26．细节理解题。根据“Adult:age18+¥40”和“Freeforchildrenunder140cm,orbelow6yearsold.”可知，一对夫妇带着4岁的孩子去南京总统府，需要付80元。故选C。27．推理判断题。根据“YourpassportorIDinformationisrequired,andonepersoncanbookonlyoneticketperday.”可知，您需要提供护照或身份证信息，并且每人每天只能预订一张票。故选B。28．推理判断题。本文向我们介绍南京总统府的相关信息，所以推测本文来自旅游指南，故选B。BGuAilingisatalentedfreeskier.GuwasbornintheUS,whereshestartedonthesnowattheageof3.ShegotChinesecitizenshipwhenshewas15.SheisalsoamodelandStanfordstudent.Shehopestousesportsas“abridge”betweenChinaandtheUS.Sheenjoysmeataswellasvegetables.WuDajing,27,isaleaderaswellasasuperstarofChina’sshort-trackspeedskatingteam.Wubecameinterestedinwintersportswhenhewas10.Hegotupat4a.m.everydaytopractice.Hesayshenevereatsmeatorhasdrinks.Afterwinninggoldin2014and2018,JapaneseYuzuruHanyuhasbeenseenbymanyasthebestfigureskaterinhistory.Hanyunotonlyhasgreatskills,butalsohasafantasticstyle.Hestartedthegameasearlyasfiveandwascalledthe“IcePrince”.CocaColaisoneofhisfavoritedrinks.Withwavesofcheersfromtheaudience,SuYimingbaggedgoldinthemen’ssnowboardbigairfinalonFebruary15th.Isthe6thgoldforChinaatthe2022BeijingWinterOlympics.Sufirstpracticedsnowboardattheageof4.Beef,pork,andfisharehisfavorite.Whowastheyoungesttostartwintersports?A．GuAiling. B．WuDajing. C．YuzuruHanyu. D．SuYiming.30．WhatsportistheJapanesesportsmangoodat?A．Freeskiing. B．Snowboard. C．Figureskating. D．Short-trackspeedskating.31．HowisWuDajingdifferentfromtheothers?A．Hepracticedveryhard. B．Heisasuperstarinwintersports.C．Heusedtobeamodel. D．Henevereatsmeatorhasdrinks.【答案】29．A30．C31．D【解析】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了几位运动员的个人信息。29．推理判断题。根据文中“GuwasbornintheUS,whereshestartedonthesnowattheageof3.”“Wubecameinterestedinwintersportswhenhewas10.”“Hestartedthegameasearlyasfiveandwascalledthe‘IcePrince’.”以及“Sufirstpracticedsnowboardattheageof4.”可推理出，谷爱凌是最小开始冬季运动的人。故选A。30．推理判断题。根据文中“Afterwinninggoldin2014and2018,JapaneseYuzuruHanyuhasbeenseenbymanyasthebestfigureskaterinhistory.”可推理出，日本运动员擅长花样滑冰。故选C。31．细节理解题。根据文中“Hesayshenevereatsmeatorhasdrinks.”可知，吴大靖和其他人的不同之处是他从不吃肉或喝酒。故选D。CIn2018,ScienceMagazineaskedsomeyoungscientistswhatschoolsshouldteachstudents.Mostsaidstudentsshouldspendlesstimerememberingfactsandhavemorespaceforcreativeactivities.AstheInternetgrowsmorepowerful,studentscangetknowledgeeasily.Whyshouldtheyberequiredtocarrysomuchofitaroundintheirheads?Civilizations(文明)developthroughforgettinglifeskillsthatwereoncenecessary.IntheAgriculturalAge,afarmercouldaffordtoforgethuntingskills.Whensocietiesindustrialized,theknowledgeoffarmingcouldbesafetoforget.Nowadays,smartmachineshelpustogetmosthumanknowledge.Itseemsthatwenolongerneedtoremembermostthings.Doesitmatter?Researchershaverealizedseveralproblemsthatmayhappen.Forone,humanbeingshavebiases(偏见),andsmartmachinesarelikelytoincreaseourbiases.Manypeoplebelievesmartmachinesarenecessarilycorrectandobjective(客观的),butmachinesaretrainedthrougharepeatedtestingandscoringprocess(过程).Intheprocess,humanbeingsstilldecideonthecorrectanswers.Anotherproblemrelatestotheease(容易)ofgettinginformation.Whentherewerenocomputers,effortswererequiredtogetknowledgefromotherpeople,orgotothelibrary.Weknowwhatknowledgeliesinotherbrainsorbooks,andwhatliesinourheads.Buttoday,theInternetgivesustheinformationweneedquickly.Thiscanleadtothemistakenbelief—theknowledgewefoundwaspartofwhatweknewallalong.Inanewcivilizationrichinmachineintelligence(智慧),wecaneasilygettosmartmemorynetworkswhereinformationisstored.Butdependencyonanetworksuggestspossibilitiesofbeingharmedeasily.Thecollapseofanyofthenetworksofrelationsourhealthdependsupon,suchasfoodandenergy,wouldproduceterribleresults.Withoutfoodwegethungry;withoutenergywefeelcold.Anditisthroughwidespreadlossofmemorythatcivilizationsareatriskoffallingintoadarkage.Weforgetoldwaystofreeuptimeandspacefornewskills.Aslongastheolderformsofknowledgearestoredsomewhereinournetworks,andcanbefoundwhenweneedthem,perhapsthey’renotreallyforgotten.Still,astimegoeson,weslowlybutunquestionablybecomestrangerstofuturepeople.32．Smartmachinesarelikelytoincreaseourbiasesbecause________.A．theygooffcourseintestingandscoring B．wecontrolthetrainingprocessonthemC．weofferthemtoomuchinformation D．theyoverusetheprovidedanswers33．TheeaseofgettinginformationfromtheInternet________.A．freesusfrommakingeffortstolearnnewskillsB．preventscivilizationsfrombeinglostatahighspeedC．misleadsusintothinkingwealreadyknewtheknowledgeD．separatesthefactswehavefromthoseinthesmartmachines34．Theunderlinedword“collapse”inParagraph5probablymeans“________”.A．asuddenfailure B．thebasicrule C．anunhappystart D．theslowdevelopment35．Thewriter’smainpurposeinwritingthispassageisto________.A．questionaboutthestandardsofinformationstorageB．discussourproblemsofcommunicationwithmachinesC．stresstheimportanceofimprovingourrememberingabilityD．remindusoftheriskofdependingonmachinestoremember【答案】32．B33．C34．A35．D【解析】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了随着科技的发展，人们越来越依赖科技，但这也带来了许多不利之处。32．细节理解题。根据“Manypeoplebelievesmartmachinesarenecessarilycorrectandobjective(客观的),butmachinesaretrainedthrougharepeatedtestingandscoringprocess(过程).Intheprocess,humanbeingsstilldecideonthecorrectanswers.”可知，机器在训练的过程中，人类仍然决定正确的答案，因此会增加我们的偏见。故选B。。33．细节理解题。根据“Buttoday,theInternetgivesustheinformationweneedquickly.Thiscanleadtothemistakenbelief—theknowledgewefoundwaspartofwhatweknewallalong.”可知，互联网会误导我们认为我们已经知道了这些知识。故选C。34．词句猜测题。根据“Thecollapseofanyofthenetworksofrelationsourhealthdependsupon,suchasfoodandenergy,wouldproduceterribleresults.”可知，网络崩溃会产生可怕的后果，因此“collapse”意为“asuddenfailure”。故选A。35．推理判断题。通读全文和“nanewcivilizationrichinmachineintelligence(智慧),wecaneasilygettosmartmemorynetworkswhereinformationisstored.Butdependencyonanetworksuggestspossibilitiesofbeingharmedeasily.”可知，在一个新文明中，我们可以很容易地接触到存储信息的智能记忆网络。但对网络的依赖意味着很容易受到伤害。可见作者写这篇文章的主要目的是提醒我们依赖机器记忆的风险。故选D。DEarthquakeshappenveryofteninTokyo,butTokyoisnotanunluckycity.ManyspecialparkshavebeenbuiltinTokyotokeeppeoplesafeduringearthquakes.Theseparkslooknothingdifferentfromtheotherparks,butwhenearthquakeshappen,theybecomelife-savingplaces.Manyusefulthingsinthosespecialparkscanmeetpeople’sbasicneeds.Forexample,

itisusuallyhardforpeopletogetwaterafterearthquakes.Inthespecialparks,peoplecangetdrinkingwaterfromthewaterpump(泵).Ifpeopleneedtousetoilets(厕所),theycanchoosespecialtoiletsthatcanbeusedwithoutwater.Also,thehelicopter(直升机)canlandonsquaresorbaseballfieldsandbringfoodorotherthingstopeople.What’smore,ifpeopleneedtocookintheparks,somespecialbenchescanbecomecookingthings.However,thoseusefulthingsarenotenoughforpeopletofaceearthquakes.Themostimportantpartliesintrainingpeople.Theparks,togetherwithfirestationsandthepolice,willtrainwithlocalpeopleattheusualtime.Thiswillletpeoplethinkandmovefasterduringrealearthquakesandletthemprotectthemselvesbetter.So,whatcanwedotoprotectourselvesfromgettinghurtinearthquakes?First,weneedtocheckourfurnitureandmakesuretheywon’tfalldowneasily.Second,whenanearthquakehappens,weneedtostayundertablesordesksandprotectourhead.Third,wecankeepourdooropenandwearcomfortableshoesduringsmallearthquakesinordertogetoutsafely.36．WhatcanwelearnaboutthespecialparksfromParagraph1?A．Thespecialparkscanstopearthquakes.B．Therearen’tenoughspecialparksinTokyo.C．Thespecialparkslookdifferentfromthecommonones.D．Peoplecanbesaferinthespecialparksduringearthquakes.37．Duringearthquakes,peoplecanfind________inthesespecialparks.①drinkingwater

②traditionaltoilets

③personalplanes

④cookingthingsA．①③ B．③④ C．①④ D．②④38．Whyareusefulthings“notenough”forpeople?A．Becausetheycan’tworkwell.B．Becauseself-helpismoreimportant.C．Becausethegovernmentdoesn’thaveenoughmoney.D．Becauseit’shardforpeopletofindthemduringearthquakes.39．Whatisthelastparagraphmainlyabout?A．Howtostaysafeduringearthquakes. B．Whypeopleshouldchecktheirfurniture.C．Howtopreparefordangerbeforeitcomes. D．Whatwouldhappeninanearthquake.40．Wheredoesthisreadingprobablycomefrom?A．Sportsreport. B．Naturemagazine. C．Scienceresearch. D．Travelguidebook.【答案】36．D37．C38．B39．A40．B【解析】本文主要讲述了东京的一些很特殊的公园可以在地震时让人们避难，并满足人们的基本需求，此外还介绍了一些在地震中保护自己的方法。36．细节理解题。根据“Theseparkslooknothingdifferentfromtheotherparks,butwhenearthquakeshappen,theybecomelife-savingplaces.”可知，当地震发生时，人们在这些特殊公园会更安全。故选D。37．细节理解题。根据“Inthespecialparks,peoplecangetdrinkingwaterfromthewaterpump…What’smore,ifpeopleneedtocookintheparks,somespecialbenchescanbecomecookingthings.”可知，人们在特殊公园里，可以获得饮用水和做饭。故选C。38．细节理解题。根据“However,thoseusefulthingsarenotenoughforpeopletofaceearthquakes.Themostimportantpartliesintrainingpeople.”可知，人们学会自我帮助更重要一些。故选B。39．主旨大意题。根据“whatcanwedotoprotectourselvesfromgettinghurtinearthquakes?”和本段内容可知，本段主要是介绍了在地震中如何保持安全。故选A。40．推理判断题。根据“EarthquakeshappenveryofteninTokyo,butTokyoisnotanunluckycity.”和全文内容可知，本文主要讲述了东京地震的一些特殊的公园以及如何在地震中保护自己的方法，地震跟自然灾害有关，由此推断，本文可能来自自然杂志。故选B。非选择题（共50分）四、填空（共15小题，每小题1分，满分15分）A）根据括号中所给的汉语写出单词，使句子意思完整正确，并将答案填写在答题卡标号为41—45的相应位置上。41．Ourgeographyteachertolduseverything_________（称重）moreontheearththanonthemoon.【答案】weighs【详解】句意：我们的地理老师告诉我们地球上的一切都比月球上重。“称重”weigh，从句表示“地球上的一切都比月球上重”，这是客观事实，客观事实从句中仍用现，此处用一般现在时，主语everything后用动词第三人称单数形式weighs。故填weighs。42．—Iseveryonehere,Jonathan?—No.Sir.Millieis________.（缺席）【答案】absent【详解】句意：——所有人都在这里吗，约翰逊？——不，先生。米莱缺席了。谓语动词是is，句中缺少表语，根据中文意思，可知这里缺少的是形容词，形容词absent“缺席的”。故填absent。43．Hespentasmuchtimeashecould________theproblemsinhislife.（解决）【答案】solving【详解】句意：他花了尽可能多的时间，解决他生活中的问题。考查动名词作宾语。spenttimedoingsth“花费时间做某事”，用动名词作spent的宾语。solve“解决”。故填solving。44．Itseemsthatthebigmealis________cookedforme.(专门地)【答案】specially【详解】句意：看来这顿大餐是专门为我做的。“专门地”specially，副词修饰动词。故填specially。45．Whatgreat________thefiremenhavetofacedangerattheboundarybetweenlifeanddeath!(勇气)【答案】courage【详解】句意：消防队员在生死关头面对危险时有多么大的勇气啊！由语境和汉语提示可知，“勇气”译成：courage，不可数名词。故填courage。B）根据句子意思，用括号中所给单词的适当形式填空，并将答案填写在答题卡标号为46—50的相应位置上。46．YangZhenning,inhis________(ninety),wasonthelistofthe2021TouchingChinaannualpeople（感动中国年度人物）.【答案】nineties【详解】句意：杨振宁，在他九十多岁时，被提名为2021年度感动中国年度人物。表示某人几十多岁这样的约略年龄，用“inone’s+逢十的基数词的复数(如tens,twenties,thirties等)”来表达。ninety的复数形式为nineties。故填nineties。47．Manyschoolsarestillclosedinsomeareas________(stop)thespreadofthevirus.【答案】tostop【详解】句意：在一些地区，很多学校仍然关闭，为了防止病毒传播。stop动词，意为“防止”。根据“Manyschoolsarestillclosedinsomeareas...thespreadofthevirus.”可知，此处为动词不定式作目的状语，故填tostop。48．Look!Thereisawallet________ontheground.(lie)【答案】lying【详解】句意：看！地上有一个钱包。lie“躺，位于”，动词，根据“Thereisawallet...ontheground.”可知，句子是Therebesthdoingsth“有某物正在做某事”的句型，空处应填现在分词形式lying。故填lying。49．Therewasa(n)_________(please)smellinthefridgebecausemymomkeptthefoodinitforalongtime.【答案】unpleasant【详解】句意：冰箱里有一股难闻的气味，因为我妈妈把食物放了很长时间。根据“becausemymomkeptthefoodinitforalongtime”可知食物放久了就会难闻，此处用please的形容词形式unpleasant表示“令人不快的；不舒服的”，形容词作定语。故填unpleasant。50．ItisagreatpityofYuanLongping’s_________(die)totheworld.【答案】death【详解】句意：袁隆平的死对世界来说是一件非常遗憾的事。根据“YuanLongping’s”可知，此处’s为所有格，后跟名词，die为动词，名词为death。故填death。C）根据短文内容，从下面方框中选择适当的单词或短语填空，使对话内容完整正确，并将答案填写在答题卡标号为51—55的相应位置上。breath,moreenergetic,development,weight,fightagainstWhetheryousimplygoforalongwalkinthepark,rideyourbicyclethroughthecountrysideorgotothegym,gettingyourbodymovingwillnotonlymakeyoufeel____51____,butwillalsoimproveyourhealth.Involvingyourselfinanactivitythatmakesyou____52____alittlemoreheavilywillimprovethe____53____ofyourheartandlungsandhelpthemworkbetter.Inaddition,regularexercisewillstrengthenyourmusclesandbonesandwillalsohelpyoukeepahealthybody____54____.Anotheradvantageofexerciseisthatitwillimproveyourbody’simmunesystem(免疫系统),makingyoubetterpreparedto____55____diseases.Sowhatareyouwaitingfor?【答案】51．moreenergetic52．breathe53．development54．weight55．fightagainst【解析】本文介绍了锻炼的好处。51．句意：无论你只是在公园里长时间散步，骑自行车穿过乡村还是去健身房，让你的身体运动不仅会让你感觉更有活力，也会改善你的健康。feel为连系动词，后接形容词作表语。moreenergetic表示“更有活力”。故填moreenergetic。52．句意：让自己参与到一项活动中来，让你的呼吸更沉重一些，这将促进你的心肺的发育，并帮助它们更好地工作。makesb.dosth.表示“使某人做某事”，breathe表示“呼吸”，动词。故填breathe。53．句意：让自己参与到一项活动中来，让你的呼吸更沉重一些，这将促进你的心肺的发育，并帮助它们更好地工作。根据“...ofyourheartandlungsandhelpthemworkbetter.”可知运动会改善心肺功能。the后接名词，development表示“发育”。故填development。54．句意：另外，有规律的锻炼会增强你的肌肉和骨骼，也帮助你保持健康的体重。bodyweight表示“体重”。故填weight。55．句意：锻炼的另一个好处是会改善你身体的免疫系统，让你更好的对抗疾病。根据空后“diseases”可知此处指对抗病毒。fightagainst表示“对抗”。故填fightagainst。五、阅读填空（共20小题，每小题1分，满分20分）A）阅读下面短文，根据所读内容，在文章后第56—65小题的空格里填入一个最恰当的单词，并将答案填写在答题卡标号为56—65的相应位置上。注意：每个空格只填1个单词。Anovelcoronavirus(新型冠状病毒)spreadinCentralChina’sWuhancitythreemonthsago,morecaseshavebeenreportedinrecentdays.Topreventcatchingtheinfection,herearewhatyoucando:①Wearmasksoutdoors●Itisoneofthemosteffective(有效的)waystoprotectyoufromgettinginfected.●Makesuretowearitproperlybytighteningup(收紧)thenoseclipandpullingthebottomofitoveryourchin(下巴).●Ifyou’renotfeelingwellorhavesymptoms(症状)offever,amaskisalsoneededtopreventyoufromspreadinggerms(病菌)toothers.②Coveryourcoughsandsneezewithtissue(纸巾)Coveryourmouthandnosewithatissuewhenyoucoughorsneeze,oryoucancoughorsneezeintoyoursleeve(袖子),butdon’tcoverwithyourhandsdirectly.③Washyourhandsoftenandproperly.Washyourhandswithsoapandrunningwaterthoroughly(彻底地)foratleast15seconds.●Beforeeatingandafterusingthetoilet●Afterreturninghome●Aftertouchinglitter●Aftercontactingwithanimalsorhandling(处理)animalwastes④Strengthenyourimmunesystem(免疫系统)andexerciseregularly(有规律地)●Exerciseisoneofthemostimportantwaystohelpyoustayawayfromcatchinganyinfections(感染).●Makesurethatsharedspaceshavebeenairedanddon’tgotocrowdedplacessuchashospitals,railwaystationsandairports.●Avoidclosecontactwithpeoplewhohavefluorcold-likesymptoms.●Eatthoroughlycookedmeatandeggs.Avoidcontactingwithwildanimalsorfarmedlivestock(家畜)withoutanyprotection.___56___tokeepyourselfsafefromanovelcoronavirus?IntroductionAnovelcoronavirusspreadinCentralChina’sWuhancityamonthago,morecaseshavebeenreportedinrecentdays.