第10讲-Unit4词汇和完形填空(外研版2019选择必修1)(原卷版)

第10讲Unit4Meetingthemuse提前预习新外研版选择必修一Unit4的词汇和阅读掌握高二阅读长难句分析方法和完形填空（记叙文）解题方法一．重点词汇学习1.quoten.2.floatv.3.folkadj.4.talen.5.motionn.6.composev.7.crouch8.peacock9.princess10.ethnic11.abstractadj.12.wiren.13.cablen.14.awe-inspiring15.innovationn.16.innovativeadj.17.trend18.contrastn.19.Greek20.appreciatev.21.worthy22.techniciann.23.literally24.animationn.25.dawnn.26.probevt.27.distinctadj..28.descendv.29.concludev.30.delightfuladj.31.literary32.relish重点词汇答案见教材词汇表重点短语1．_____________在展览2．_____________苏醒过来；活跃起来；变得生动有趣3．_____________各种各样的4．_____________把……称为5．_____________为了6．_____________使显现；阐明；出版；说出7．_____________因(做)某事而感到疲倦8．_____________值得做某事9．_____________出现在某人脑海里，被想到10．_____________点亮，照亮；(使)流露出喜悦11．_____________使……开始12．_____________而不是13．_____________排队14．_____________与……不熟悉；对……不了解15．_____________肯定地考点1：composev．作(曲)；组成，构成；使平静要点归纳(1)becomposedof＝bemadeupof＝consistof由……组成composeoneself使某人镇定(2)composern.作曲家compositionn.组成，构成；创作，作曲；作文，作品例1．【单句填空】(1)Shereworkedalotofher_____________(compose)tomakethemmoredanceableproducts.(2)Itwasthefortiethanniversaryofthedeathofthe_____________(compose)．(3)Pleasecompose_____________(you);there'snoneedtogetexcited!一句多译这部新剧由四个部分组成，每个部分都很精彩。(4)Thenewplay_____________fourparts,eachofwhichisveryfascinating.(5)Thenewplay_____________fourparts,eachofwhichisveryfascinating.(6)Thenewplay_____________fourparts,eachofwhichisveryfascinating.考点2：contrastn．反差，对比v．对比，对照要点归纳(1)incontrastwith/to与……相比(对照)bycontrast与……相反；相比之下(相当于副词)(2)contrastwith与……形成对照contrast...with/and...把……与……相对比(3)contrastingadj.(在式样、颜色或态度上)极不相同的，迥异的例2．【单句填空】(1)Contrastfresh_____________frozenvegetablesandyou'llfindthefreshonestastebetter.(2)Mostpeopleworkbecauseit'sunavoidable._____________contrast,therearesomepeoplewhoactuallyenjoywork.(3)Thiscoldweathercontrasts_____________lastweek'sheat.(4)Theyhold_____________(contrast)viewsonwhethertobuythehouseornot.补全句子(5)_____________hisbrother,Peterisrathertall.与他的哥哥相比，彼得的个子相当高。考点3：distinctadj.清晰的；明显不同的要点归纳(1)distinctlyadv.明显地；无疑地，确实地(2)distinctionn.区别；差别；特性；荣誉，奖赏(3)distinguishv.区分；辨别；使杰出，使表现突出distinguish...from...显示出特性；将……与……区别开(4)distinguishedadj.著名的；卓著的；高贵的distinguishingadj.有区别的distinguishableadj.可区别的；辨认得出的；可辨识的例3【单句填空】(1)Butthetruthisthatdogsareable_____________(distinguish)coloursjustnotinthesamewaywedo.(2)Theseanimalshavea_____________(distinction)abilityofprotectingthemselvesfrombeingextinct.(3)Iamsopuzzledaboutthingsthatare_____________(distinct)shiny.(4)Whatdoeshemeanintermsofthis_____________(distinct)?补全句子(5)Theycaneven_____________theirmother'svoice_____________thatofafemalestranger.他们甚至能分辨出自己母亲和陌生女性的声音。考点4：passdown把……一代传一代，使流传要点归纳passaway去世passby经过(……旁边)；通过passout昏迷，失去知觉passup放过，放弃，错过(邀请、机会等)例4【单句填空】(1)Ithinkitwouldbeagreatpitytopass_____________uptheopportunitytobeadmittedwithouttakingtheexam.(2)InoticedthegirlwascryingwhenIpassed_____________justnow.(3)Hewasbornin1921andpassed_____________peacefullyattheageof90in2011.(4)Shepassed_____________whensheheardthebadnews.补全句子(5)Thetradition_____________forhundredsofyears.这个传统已经传承了几百年了。考点5：cometolife苏醒过来；活跃起来；变得生动有趣要点归纳(1)cometo(oneself)苏醒过来comebacktolife苏醒过来；复活whenitcomesto...当谈及……(2)bringsth(back)tolife使……生动；使……恢复生机例5【单句填空】写出下面句中黑体部分的含义/单句语法填空(1)Whenthechildrenheardthattheirteachercametolife,thewholeclasscametolifeatonce._____________(2)Whenitcomes_____________education,themajorityofpeoplebelievethateducationisalifetimestudy.(3)Aftertheearthquake,thegovernmenttrieditsbesttobringthevillageback_____________life.补全句子(4)Themomentwelearntthatwewouldtakepartinthefarmworkprogramme,_____________.得知我们将参加农场活动时，我们都活跃起来。考点6：bringout使显现；阐明；出版；说出要点归纳bringup养育；抚养；提出bringsthback使某物恢复；带回某物；使想起某事bringdown降低；使倒下bringin引入；赚(钱)bringabout导致；引起例6【单句填空】用bring的相关短语填空(1)(2020·天津卷)Thecompanyiswillingto_____________thenewtechnologyifitcanbeshowntoreduceproductioncosts.(2)Iwasn'tgoingtotalkaboutmoney,butsinceitwas_____________,Ithinkit'ssomethingweshouldreallydiscuss.(3)Thekindnessofstrangershasdonemuchto_____________myfaithinhumanity.(4)TheInternethas_____________bigchangesinthewaywework.补全句子(5)WorkingwiththemedicalteaminAfricahas_____________inherasadoctor.在非洲与医疗队的合作使她成为一名优秀的医生。考点7：lightup点亮，照亮；(使)流露出喜悦要点归纳(1)lighton/upon偶然遇见，偶尔发现(2)cometolight为人所知bringsthtolight揭露cast/throwlighton使(问题等)较容易理解例7【单句填空】(1)Recentresearchhasthrownlightonthemystery,whichhasamazedtheworld.(2)ThisisRenia'sdiary,ajournalthatwashiddenforyearsinasafe(保险柜)．Nowit'scomingtolightwiththehelpofRenia'ssisterandniece.(3)IthoughtImighthavelitupon/onanancientmanuscript.补全句子(4)_____________whenhismotherwalkedintotheroom.看见妈妈走进房间，他两眼一亮。（一）用所给词的适当形式填空1．(2020·全国Ⅰ卷)TheengineersattheMassachusettsInstituteofTechnology(MIT)havetakenitastepfurther—changingtheactual_____________(compose)ofplantsinordertogetthemtoperformdiverse,evenunusualfunctions.2．(2020·江苏卷)Technological_____________(innovative),combinedwithgoodmarketing,willpromotethesalesoftheseproducts.3．Inthe1950sintheUSA,mostfamilieshadjustonephoneathome,and_____________(wire)phoneshadn'tbeeninventedyet.4．ItwasoncecommontoregardBritainasasocietywithclass_____________(distinct)．5．Payforservicecallsrelatedtoproduct_____________(install)orusageinstructions.6．Idiomsusuallycannotbetranslated_____________(literal)inanotherlanguage.（二）固定用法和搭配1．Keepingeyecontactdeliversasenseoffriendshiptothepeopleweinteract_____________.2．YoucouldhavereceivedanAonyourtermpaper,butyouquotedalittlebitmore_____________others'papers.3．Withsomanyexcellentpaintings_____________display,theexhibitionhasattractedalargenumberofvisitors.4．Theplanswereset_____________motionwhenthecompanypresidentsignedthedocument.5．Lightninglit_____________thedarkeningskies,andwithinmomentstheplanewastossed(使摇摆)around.（三）完形填空：长难句分析Duringmysecondyearatthecitycollege,Iwastoldthattheeducationdepartmentwasofferinga‘free”course,calledThinkingChess,forthreecredits.I____31____theideaoftakingtheclassbecause,afterall,whodoesn’twanttosaveafewdollars?Morethanthat,I’dalwayswantedtolearnchess.And,evenifIweren’t____32____enoughaboutfreecredits,newsaboutourinstructorwasappealingenoughtome.Hewasaninternationalgrandmaster,whichmeantIwouldbelearningfromoneofthegame’s____33____.Icouldhardlywaitto____34____him.MauriceAshleywaskindandsmart,aformergraduatereturningtoteach,andthis____35____wasnogameforhim;hemeantbusiness.Inhisintroduction,hemadeitclearthatourcreditswouldbehard-earned.Inorderto____36____theclassamongotherrequirements,wehadtowriteapaperonhowweplanto____37____whatwewouldlearninclasstoourfutureprofessionsand,____38____,toourlives.ImanagedtogetanAinthat____39____andlearnedlifelessonsthathaveservedmewellbeyondthe____40____.TenyearsaftermychessclasswithAshley,I’mstillputtingtousewhathe____41____me:“Theabsolutemostimportant____42____thatyoulearnwhenyouplaychessishowtomakegood____43____.Oneverysinglemoveyouhaveto____44____asituation,processwhatyouropponent(对手)isdoingandevaluatethebestmovefromamongallyouroptions.”Thesewordsstillringtruetodayinmy____45____asajournalist.31.A.putforward B.triedout C.jumpedat D.turneddown32.A.worried B.tired C.moved D.excited33.A.best B.fastest C.rarest D.hardest34.A.beat B.interview C.meet D.challenge35.A.qualification B.chance C.job D.honor36.A.skip B.pass C.observe D.attend37.A.compare B.expose C.add D.apply38.A.eventually B.directly C.naturally D.normally39.A.presentation B.course C.game D.experiment40.A.requirement B.department C.classroom D.situation41.A.promised B.wrote C.questioned D.taught42.A.skill B.manner C.step D.fact43.A.impressions B.grades C.decisions D.comments44.A.analyse B.describe C.generate D.control45.A.characteristic B.role C.desire D.concern（一）词性转换1．composev．作(曲)→_____________n．作曲家→_____________n．作文；作曲2．princessn．公主→_____________n．王子3．wiren．金属丝；电线→_____________adj.无线的；无线电的4．contrastn．反差，对比→_____________adj.(在式样、颜色或态度上)极不相同的，迥异的5．innovativeadj.新颖的，创新的→innovatev．创新→_____________n．创新，革新6．literallyadv.根据字面意思→_____________adj.字面意义的7．distinctadj.清晰的；明显不同的→_____________n．区别（二）语法填空短文中的黑体部分为本单元知识点，请按要求补全短文，并背诵体会黑体部分的用法。MrLiwasgoodatmusicandalsolikedfolktaleswhenhewasyoung.Afterheretired，hereturnedtohishometownwithhiswifeand1(settle)there.Hebegantotravelaroundthecountrytocollectfolktales.Hetalkedtoalotofvillagersofallagesfromdifferentplaces,only2(find)thattherewasadistinctdifferencebetweenthetalesfromtwodifferentplaces.Abouttwoyearslater,hereturnedtohishometownwithagreatmany3(interest)folktales.Itwashe4settheprogrammeReadingTalesinhisvillageinmotion.Therewasatrendthateachfamilysetasidesometimeforreadingtaleseveryday.Thatwasanenjoyabletime!Inaddition,hewas5innovativethathecomposedalotofsoftmusicfortheoldpeopleinhisvillage.Inhissparetime,healsomadesomelovelytoysusingsome6(use)wiresandotherwastematerials.Mostchildrenlovedthetoysverymuch.Thevillagersadmiredhis7(innovative)somuchthattheyallconsideredhimtobeagiftedtechnician.8contrast,hiswifewaslessactive.Sheoftendidsomehouseworkandseldomwentout.Whenshewasout,sheoftensatbytheriverallday,staringatthegeese9(float)ontheriver.She10(rare)joinedotherwomentalkingandlaughingthere,whichmadeMrLialittleworried.完形填空Asayoungmom,Icanrememberlookingforwardtotheyearswhenmychildrenwouldbegrown.NotbecauseI___21___spendingeachdaywiththem,butbecauseIthoughtonceI’d___22___them,thenallmymomworrieswouldbeover.ButIwaswrong!Whenmysonsweregrown,Idiscoveredthattheworriesjustgotbiggerasthe___23___gotbigger.Whenmyadultchildrenhave___24___difficulttimes,I’verecalledthingsaboutthosewonderfuldayswhenalltheirproblemscouldbe___25___withahug.IthoughtaboutthatthispastweekasstoriesofHurricanelrma’scomingfilledthe___26___.Iheardforecasters(预报员)usethe“strongestwindsever___27___”.NotwordsIwantedtohearwhenthatstormwas___28___thestatewheremyson,daughter-in-law,andgrandsonlived.Iwasworriedas___29___ofdamageonislandswhereHuricaneIrmahadalreadyshowedher___30___appearedonmytelevisionscreen.Iwatchedand___31___anxiouslyasthestorie