2022中考热点题型归纳与变式练 专题18 任务型阅读（2）（解析版）

2022中考热点题型归纳与变式练专题18任务型阅读（2）【题型一】任务型阅读之判断正误类【典例分析】（2021·山东青岛·中考真题）TherearethreefamoustowerstothesouthoftheYangtzeRiver—theTengwangPaviliontheYellowCraneTowerandtheYueyangTower.TheTengwangPavilionisinNanchangCity,JiangxiProvince.ATributetotheTengwangPavilion(《滕王阁序》)writtenbyWangBointheearlyTangDynastymadethepavilionwell-knownatthattime.Onthefifthfloor,youcanhaveanamazingbirdviewofthecity.ThebesttimetovisitthepavilionfallsinMarchtoMayandSeptembertoearlyNovember.

TheYellowCraneTowersitsinWuhanCity,HubeiProvince.Youcanreadsomepoemswrittenindifferentdynastiesonthethirdfloor,whichwonfameforthetower.ItsculturalimportancemadeitthesymbolofWuhan.Onthetopofthetower,youwillenjoyabeautifulviewoftheYangtzeRiver,itsbridgeandthebuildingsaroundthetowerinWuhan.TheYueyangTowerliesinYueyangCity,HunanProvince.It’sa19-meter-highbuildingwhichismadeofwood.Fromthetop,youwillseethewhitesailsofpassingboatsunderthebluesky.ThetowerwasmadeveryfamousbytheworksofFanZhongyanwhowasagreatpoliticianandwriterduringtheNorthernSongDynasty.判断正误，正确的选A错误的选B1．JulyisthebesttimetovisittheTengwangPavilion.2．YoucanreadpoemsofdifferenttimeswhenyouvisittheYellowCraneTower.3．YoucanenjoybeautifulcityviewsfromtheTengwangPavilionandtheYellowCraneTower.4．TheYueyangTowerisawoodenbuildinginHubeiProvince.5．Allthethreebuildingsweremadefamousbygreatancientworks.【答案】1-5．BAABA【短文分析】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了三个著名的塔——滕王阁、黄鹤楼和岳阳楼。【答案解析】【第1题】细节理解题。根据“ThebesttimetovisitthepavilionfallsinMarchtoMayandSeptembertoearlyNovember.”可知，参观滕王阁最佳时间是3月至5月，9月至11月初，而7月不在此期间。故答案为B。【第2题】细节理解题。根据“Youcanreadsomepoemswrittenindifferentdynastiesonthethirdfloor,whichwonfameforthetower.”可知，你可以在三楼读到一些不同朝代的诗。故答案为A。【第3题】细节理解题。根据“Onthetopofthetower,youwillenjoyabeautifulviewoftheYangtzeRiver,itsbridgeandthebuildingsaroundthetowerinWuhan.”和“Onthefifthfloor,youcanhaveanamazingbirdviewofthecity.”可知，你可以从滕王阁和黄鹤楼欣赏美丽的城市景色。故答案为A。【第4题】细节理解题。根据“TheYueyangTowerliesinYueyangCity,HunanProvince.”可知，岳阳楼位于湖南省岳阳市。故答案为B。【第5题】细节理解题。根据“ATributetotheTengwangPavilion(《滕王阁序》)writtenbyWangBointheearlyTangDynastymadethepavilionwell-knownatthattime.”；“Youcanreadsomepoemswrittenindifferentdynastiesonthethirdfloor,whichwonfameforthetower.”和“ThetowerwasmadeveryfamousbytheworksofFanZhongyanwhowasagreatpoliticianandwriterduringtheNorthernSongDynasty.”可知，这三座建筑都因古代的伟大作品而闻名。故答案为A。【提分秘籍】考点扫描为了弥补阅读理解客观题(判断是非题与单项选择题)一统天下、考生容易猜测的局面，近年来各地中考英语阅读理解部分都引入了属于主观题性质的任务型阅读，要求考生或填写表格(一般限定词数)，或回答问题。值得一提的是,近年来任务型阅读的主观题在各地中考英语试题中所占的比例越来越大，有的地方试题甚至采用两篇,既要求考生根据文章填写表格，又要求考生在阅读文章后回答问题，但是，综观任何一组中考英语阅读理解试题，试题的难易度分布非常有序。判断正误类任务型阅读做题技巧与策略“正误判断型阅读理解题”解题思路：（1）阅读原文，捕捉信息。理解大意。先通读原文，捕捉文中所提供的信息，抓住文章大意，理清全文脉络。（2）审读题目，找出相关的依据。读懂短文内容再读题目，把握每一个待判定句子的含义，通过寻读法在原文中找出每一个问题相关的段落与词句，然后依据短文内容对试题所给出的句子进行是非判断。（3）重读短文，逐题复核，检查无误。完成正误判断后必须将短文重复一遍，以加深对短文的理解，在此基础上再对每一道题进行复查，对一些似是而非的句子，一定要重新认真识别。正误题答题技巧：1.详细阅读并理解答题指引部分，确定答题方式。2.确切理解问句的含义，严格按照文章本身意思理解和推断，不要想当然。3.找出问句中的关键词语。4.利用关键词语在文章中确定答案位置。5.仔细查看文章中关键词语所在句子中的含义。必要时应查看关键词语所在句子前后句子的含义。认真区分false和notgiven，false与原文相反、相冲突；notgive则不相冲突，但未提及。6.可利用语法、词法判断答案所在相关句子的肯定与否定含义。【变式演练】任务型阅读之判断正误第1篇（2021·内蒙古呼和浩特·中考真题）ILOVEFOOTBALL.IstartedplayingwhenIwasnineyearsold,andfootballgotmethroughdifficultperiods.IthelpsmakemewhoIamtoday.AndeventhoughIdidnotreachtheNationalFootballLeague,IsometimesthinkIgotmorefromachievingthatdream,withoutrealizingit.Myromancewithfootballstartedwhenmydaddroveme,kickingandscreaming,tojoinaleague.Ididn’twanttobethereatfirst.Iwasnaturallyweakandsmall.Fearturnedtoawe(敬畏)whenImetmycoach,JimGraham,ahugeandstrongguy.Andhewasreallystrictandold-school.CoachGrahamusedtodrivemehard.Irememberonepracticeinparticular.“You’redoingitallwrong,Pausch.Goback!Doitagain!”Itriedtodowhathewanted.Butitwasn’tenough.“Youowe(欠)me,Pausch!You’redoingpush-upsafterpractice.Whenthepracticewasover,oneoftheassistantcoachescameuptome.“CoachGrahamdroveyouprettyhard,didn’the?”hesaid.“Yeah.”“That’sagoodthing,”theassistanttoldme.“Whenyou’redoingbadlyandnobodysaysanythingtoyouanymore,thatmeansthey’vegivenuponyou.”Thatconversationhasbeenwithmecloselymywholelife.Whenyouseeyourselfdoingsomethingbadlyandnobody’swillingtotellyouanymore,that’sabadplacetobe.Youmaynotwanttohearit,butthosewhoalwayspushyouhardinyourlifeareoftentheonestellingyoutheystillloveyouandcareaboutyou,andwanttomakeyoubetter.There’salotoftalkthesedaysaboutgivingchildrenself-respect.It’snotsomethingyoucangive;it’ssomethingtheyhavetobuild.CoachGrahamknewtherewasreallyonlyonewaytoteachkidshowtomakeitstronger:Yougivethemsomethingtheycan’tdo;theyworkharduntiltheyfindtheycandoit,andyoujustkeeprepeating.WhenCoachGrahamfirstgotholdofme,Iwasaweakkidwithnoskillsandnophysicalstrength.ButhemademerealizethatifIworkhardenough,therewillbethingsIcandotomorrowthatIcan’tdotoday.IreallyfeltthankfultoCoachGrahamforwhathehaddonetome,thoughitsurelydidn’tfeelgoodatthattimetodosomanypush-upsafterpractice.根据上文内容判断正(T)误(F)1．Inthewriter’seyes,CoachGrahamwasstrictandwise.2．Thewriterbelievesthatthosewhoarequitestrictwithyouactuallythinkillofyou.3．ThewriterwasthankfultoGrahambecausethecoachencouragedhimtodobetter.4．Fromthepassage,wecanlearn“Neveroffertoteachfishtoswim”5．CoachGrahamknewthemethodtoteachkidshowtobuildself-respect.【答案】1-5.TFTFT【短文分析】文章主要通过作者学习踢足球的时候与教练的相处经历和感受告诉我们：一分耕耘，一分收获的道理以及教练对作者的人生影响。【答案解析】【第1题】推理判断题。根据“Fearturnedtoawe(敬畏)whenImetmycoach,JimGraham,ahugeandstrongguy.Andhewasreallystrictandold-school.”以及“CoachGrahamknewtherewasreallyonlyonewaytoteachkidshowtomakeitstronger…”可知，教练是一个严厉且富有智慧的人，故选T。【第2题】推理判断题。根据“butthosewhoalwayspushyouhardinyourlifeareoftentheonestellingyoutheystillloveyouandcareaboutyou,andwanttomakeyoubetter.”可知，作者认为批评你的人实际上是爱你、关心你，想要你变得更好的人，故选F。【第3题】推理判断题。根据“ButhemademerealizethatifIworkhardenough,therewillbethingsIcandotomorrowthatIcan’tdotoday.IreallyfeltthankfultoCoachGrahamforwhathehaddonetome”可知，作者感谢教练是因为教练鼓励他做的更好，故选T。【第4题】推理判断题。根据“WhenCoachGrahamfirstgotholdofme,Iwasaweakkidwithnoskillsandnophysicalstrength…thoughitsurelydidn’tfeelgoodatthattimetodosomanypush-upsafterpractice.”及整个文章的理解可知，足够的努力可以使人将来做到今天做不到的事情，故选F。【第5题】推理判断题。根据“There’salotoftalkthesedaysaboutgivingchildrenself-respect.It’snotsomethingyoucangive…theyworkharduntiltheyfindtheycandoit,andyoujustkeeprepeating.”可知，格雷厄姆教练知道如何教孩子建立自尊的方法。故选T。任务型阅读之判断正误第2篇（2021·黑龙江哈尔滨·中考真题）Dalewasayoungboywhohadatalentforrunning.Hewasalwaystryingtofindsomeonetocompetewith.Hewasthirstyforsuccess.Forhim,winningwaseverything,Oneday,twoyoungboysacceptedhischallenge.Alargecrowdofstudentsgottogethertowatch.Dale’sPEteacherMr.Smithwasalsoamongthem.Theracebegan.Withstrength(力量)andpower,Dalewonwithoutanydifficulty.Thecrowdcheeredloudly.Dalefeltproudandexcited.However,Mr.Smithkeptquiet.“Anotherrace,anotherrace!”shoutedDale.Mr.Smithsteppedforwardandaskedhimtohaveagroupcompetition.Thereshouldbeaboyandagirlineachgroup,buttherightlegofthegirlandtheleftlegoftheboyshouldbetiedtogether.TheracestartedandDaletriedhisbesttorunfast.Unluckily,bothDaleandthegirlinhisgroupfelldownbecausethegirlwasnotasfastashim.Thecrowdwentsilent.Dalelayontheground,lookingatothergroupspassingby.Thegirlcriedsadly.Dalehelpedthegirltostandupandsaid,“Cheerup!Wemaylosetheracebutweshouldn’tgiveup!Let’sworktogethertofinishtherace!”Astheycontinuedrunningtothefinishingline,thecrowdcheeredloudly.Mr.Smithsmiled,too.ThoughDale’sgroupdidn’twintherace,Dalewashappybecauseheleanedalotfromit.Weneedcompetitionsinlife.Butbeingarealwinnerdoesn’talwaysmeanbeingthefirst.Italsomeansnevergivingupevenifthereisnohopetobethefirst.根据短文内容判断正、误。（注意：考生将答题卡相应位置涂黑。正确的涂“A”，错误的涂“B”）1．Dalewasagoodrunnerandhewaseasytogetthirsty.2．Mr.SmithkeptquietwhenDalewonthefirstracethatday.3．Inthesecondrace,thegirl’srightlegandtheboy’srightlegweretiedtogether.4．ThecrowdcheeredloudlyasDale’sgroupwentonrunningtothefinishingline.5．Dale’sgrouplosttherace,butDalewashappybecausehelearnedalotfromit.【答案】1-5．BABAA【短文分析】本文主要讲述了Dale擅长跑步，总想着跟别人比赛来证明自己能赢，在一次小组比赛中，因搭档的女孩没有他跑得快，而导致两个人摔倒了并落后于其他队，这时Dale反而安慰女孩不要放弃。通过这个故事，作者想告诉我们生活中需要竞争。但成为真正的赢家并不意味着总是第一个。永远不要放弃，即使没有希望成为第一个。【答案解析】【第1题】细节理解题。根据“Dalewasayoungboywhohadatalentforrunning.Hewasalwaystryingtofindsomeonetocompetewith.Hewasthirstyforsuccess”可知，他是一位优秀的跑步运动员，他很渴望成功，但并不是Dale很容易口渴，此句表述错误，故答案为B。【第2题】细节理解题。根据“However,Mr.Smithkeptquiet”可知，Dale赢了第一场比赛时，Smith老师保持沉默，此句表述正确，故答案为A。【第3题】细节理解题。根据“buttherightlegofthegirlandtheleftlegoftheboyshouldbetiedtogether”可知，在第二场比赛中，女孩的右腿和男孩的左腿绑在一起，此句表述错误，故答案为B。【第4题】细节理解题。根据“Astheycontinuedrunningtothefinishingline,thecrowdcheeredloudly”可知，当他们继续冲向终点线时，人群为他们大声地喝彩，此句表述正确，故答案为A。【第5题】细节理解题。根据“ThoughDale’sgroupdidn’twintherace,Dalewashappybecauseheleanedalotfromit”可知，尽管Dale没有赢得比赛，但他还是很开心，因为他从这场比赛里学到了许多，此句表述正确，故答案为A。【题型二】任务型阅读之信息匹配类【典例分析】（2021·黑龙江牡丹江·中考真题）Matchtheadviceaccordingtowhatyouread._1_Ioftenfeelsleepyinclass.Idon’tknowwhattheteacherissayingandIdon’tknowhowtodohomework,either._2_Iamnotagoodstudentinmyteachers’eyes.Itseemsthattheteachercareslittleaboutsuchstudentslikeme.Ifeelsadaboutthis._3_Myparentsareverystrictwithme.Iamnotallowedtohaveanyfunevenlisteningtomusic.Igetsickofsittingthereanddoingexercisesagainandagain._4_IknowIamnottalented.EventhoughIworkhardonmystudy,Imakenoprogress.Ifeelsad._5_Idoverywellinmystudy.Myteachersandparentsareproudofme.ButIamnothappyatall.Idon’tknowhowtogetonwellwithothers.A．Talktoyourparentsandletthemknowyouwanttohaveotheractivities.Ahealthymindandbodywillbegoodforyourstudy.B．Trytomakefriendswithyourclassmates.Befriendlytoothers.Don’tlookdownuponotherseventhoughtheyarenotasgoodasyouinstudy.C．Youdon’tneedtodoanyexercisesifyougethighmarksinyourexercises.D．Gotobedearlieratnight.Concentrateon(聚精会神)whattheteachersays.Ifyouhaveanyquestions,asktheteacheratonce.E．Don’tworry.Justtakeiteasy.Youwillcertainlymakeprogressifyoucankeepon.F．Youcanhaveatalkwithyourteacher.Tellhimhowyouarefeeling.Andmakeupyourmindtostudyharder.【答案】1-5．DFAEB【短文分析】本文分别介绍了五个人的困扰：课堂上犯困无法集中注意力；无法感受老师的关注；父母对自己太严格；无法取得进步；无法与其他人沟通。【答案解析】【第1题】根据“Ioftenfeelsleepyinclass.Idon’tknowwhattheteacherissayingandIdon’tknowhowtodohomework,either”可知，此处是解决他课堂上犯困无法集中注意力的困扰，D选项“晚上早点睡觉。专心听老师说的话。如果你有什么问题，立即问老师”符合，故选D。【第2题】根据“Iamnotagoodstudentinmyteachers’eyes.Itseemsthattheteachercareslittleaboutsuchstudentslikeme.Ifeelsadaboutthis.”可知，此处是解决无法感受老师的关注这个困扰，F选项“你可以和你的老师谈一谈。告诉他你的感觉。并下定决心更加努力地学习”符合，故选F。【第3题】根据“Myparentsareverystrictwithme.Iamnotallowedtohaveanyfunevenlisteningtomusic”可知，此处是解决父母对自己太严格的困扰，A选项“和你的父母谈谈，让他们知道你想参加其他活动。一个健康的身心对你的学习有好处”符合，故选A。【第4题】根据“EventhoughIworkhardonmystudy,Imakenoprogress.Ifeelsad”可知，此处是解决无法进步的困扰，E选项“别担心。放松点。如果你能坚持下去，你一定会进步的”符合，故选E。【第5题】根据“Myteachersandparentsareproudofme.ButIamnothappyatall.Idon’tknowhowtogetonwellwithothers”可知，此处是解决无法与其他人沟通的困扰，B选项“试着和你的同学交朋友。善待他人。不要看不起别人，即使他们没有你学习好”符合，故选B。【提分秘籍】考点扫描为了弥补阅读理解客观题(判断是非题与单项选择题)一统天下、考生容易猜测的局面，近年来各地中考英语阅读理解部分都引入了属于主观题性质的任务型阅读，要求考生或填写表格(一般限定词数)，或回答问题。值得一提的是,近年来任务型阅读的主观题在各地中考英语试题中所占的比例越来越大，有的地方试题甚至采用两篇,既要求考生根据文章填写表格，又要求考生在阅读文章后回答问题，但是，综观任何一组中考英语阅读理解试题，试题的难易度分布非常有序。信息匹配类任务型阅读做题技巧与策略信息匹配题的主要特点是将主题类似的信息放在一起，要求学生迅速甄别不同点，并对特定细节进行筛选、类比和综合。这类题目既考查学生的快速阅读能力，又考查学生提取信息、处理信息、综合运用英语的能力。技巧点拨（1）仔细阅读试题选项，正确理解每个选项的意思。对于谈论相似主题的选项，需区别内容的相同点和不同点，并牢记体现不同点的关键词语。（2）快速浏览短文，依靠标题迅速抓住每篇短文的主题。浏览过程中若发现答题所需的具体信息，在词语或句子下面画线并标上所答的题号，以便初步敲定答案。对那些暂时无法确定答案的题目，可暂且放置一边，并在第二次阅读时予以解决。（3）第二次阅读短文时必须有针对性，主要为了解决两个问题：一是仔细检查已初步认定的答案与单句是否匹配；二是找到第一遍浏览时尚未确定的信息。（4）为确保答案的准确性，再次将选项跟短文的内容进行比较，检查有无谬误或疏漏之处。【变式演练】任务型阅读之信息匹配第1题（2021·广东·中考真题）配对阅读。左栏是五个人的情况介绍，右栏是七个英语习语及其解释。请为每个人选择一个合适的习语描述他/她的情况，并将答题卡上对应题目所选的选项涂黑。_1_Bella,oneofthetopstudentsinherclass,alwaysgetsupearlyandhopestogetbettergradesbyworkinghard._2_Vincenthasjoinedamountainclimbingclub.Theclubmemberswillhaveaclimbingtripnextweekandhewillbetheleaderoftheteam._3_AileenisanEnglishteacher.Shealwaysknowswhat’sgoingoninclass,evenwhenherstudentsarepassingnotesbehindherback._4_Samisanewcomertoahighschool.Hefeelsalittlenervousintheclassroomwithalotofstrangersaroundhim._5_Victor’sfriendsaretakingahigh-speedtraintovisithim.Buthisfriendsarelate.Heisnowwaitingforthematthestation.A．Inmanyballgames,themostimportantpersonistheonewhocarriestheball.Suchapersonistheleaderandhemakessurethatajobgetsdone.B．Birdsfeedonworms.Abirdwillgohungryifitcannotcatchworms.Thebirdthatgetsupearlyissuretogetsomefood,sotheearlybirdcatchestheworm.C．Yourfeetbecomehotwhenyourun.Butwhenyouareforcedtositinoneplace,yourheelsstaycool.Whensomeonekeepsyouwaiting,youcansayheiscoolingyourheels.D．Somepeopleseemtoknowwhat’sgoingonbehindthem,asiftheyhadeyesinthebackoftheirheads.“Eyesinthebackofyourhead”describestheabilitytonoticeeverythinghappeningaroundyou.E.Youdon’tknowwhatwillhappenifyouwakeupasleepingdoginthestreet,soitwouldbemuchsmartertoletsleepingdogslie.F.Peoplemaygettheirfeetintothewaterslowlywhentheystarttoleanswimming.“Getyourfeetwet”meanstryingtodosomethingforthefirsttime.G.Fishliveinwater.Apersonwhoisinastrangeoruncomfortableenvironmentmayfeellikeafishoutofwater.【答案】1-5．BADGC【短文分析】本文是从右边找出与左边相比配的合适习语。Bella用“早起的鸟儿有虫吃”来描述；Vincent想成为一个爬山旅行的领导者；Aillen用“后脑勺长了眼睛”来描述；Sam处在陌生的环境中会紧张；Victor正在等他迟到的朋友。【答案解析】【第1题】根据“Bella,oneofthetopstudentsinherclass,alwaysgetsupearlyandhopestogetbettergradesbyworkinghard”可知，她每天起很早并且努力学习，所以她取得了好成绩，可以用“早起的鸟儿有虫吃”来描述她的情况，B选项“鸟以虫子为食。一只鸟如果捉不到虫子就会挨饿。早起的鸟儿一定会得到一些食物，所以早起的鸟儿有虫吃”符合，故选B。【第2题】根据“Theclubmemberswillhaveaclimbingtripnextweekandhewillbetheleaderoftheteam”可知，与其对应的解释应与“团队领导者”有关，A选项“在许多球类运动中，最重要的人是带球的人。这样的人就是领导者，他确保工作完成”符合，故选A。【第3题】根据“Shealwaysknowswhat’sgoingoninclass,evenwhenherstudentsarepassingnotesbehindherback”可知，Aileen就像后脑勺长了眼睛似的，她总能知道学生在背后做什么动作，D选项“有些人似乎知道自己背后在发生什么事，就好像他们的后脑勺上长着眼睛一样。“后脑长眼睛”描述的是注意周围发生的一切的能力”符合，故选D。【第4题】根据“Hefeelsalittlenervousintheclassroomwithalotofstrangersaroundhim”可知，他在处于陌生的环境中感到紧张，G选项“鱼生活在水里。一个人在一个陌生或不舒服的环境中可能会感觉像一条离开水的鱼”符合，故选G。【第1题】根据“Buthisfriendsarelate.Heisnowwaitingforthematthestation”可知，与其对应的解释应与“等人”有关，C选项“当你跑步时，你的脚会变热。但当你被迫坐在一个地方时，你的脚后跟会保持凉爽。如果某人让你久等了，你可以说他正在等你”符合，故选C。任务型阅读之信息匹配第2题（2021·黑龙江齐齐哈尔·中考真题）阅读下面文字。从A到F选项中为每个段落选出一个最适合的标题A．Collections

B．Speaking

C．Music

D．Art.

E.Reading

F.SportsHello!I’myourAIrobotAndy.Nowlet’splayagame.I’lldescribesomekindsofactivities.Pleasematchthetopicwiththedescription.Areyouready?Go!___1__Itisagreatwaytoteachyoutheimportanceofusingyourownhandstocreatesomethingfromnothing.___2___Ifyouloseyourselfinit,youcanfindawholenewworldwithoutleavingyourhouse.Andyoucandobetterthannon-readersinschoolworkandexams.___3___Theyarephysicalactivities.Peoplecompeteagainsteachother.Sometimesspeed,skillsandteamworkareneeded.___4___Maybeyouarenotnaturallymoremusicalthanothers.Ifyouenjoysinging,dancingorplayinganinstrument,theycanbecomegreathobbies.___5___Whethertheyarestamps,coins,cards,modelcars,orwhateverelseinterestsyou,it’sagreatwaytolearnaboutpeopleandplaces.【答案】1-5．DEFCA【短文分析】本文向我们介绍了几种活动。【答案解析】【第1题】根据“Itisagreatwaytoteachyoutheimportanceofusingyourownhandstocreatesomethingfromnothing.”可知，这是一种很好的方式来告诉你用自己的双手从无到有的重要性。选项D“美术”与之相符，故选D。【第2题】根据“Ifyouloseyourselfinit,youcanfindawholenewworldwithoutleavingyourhouse.Andyoucandobetterthannon-readersinschoolworkandexams.”可知，如果你沉浸在其中，你不出家门就能找到一个全新的世界。在学习和考试中，你可以比不读书的人做得更好。选项E“阅读”与之相符，故选E。【第3题】根据“Theyarephysicalactivities.Peoplecompeteagainsteachother.Sometimesspeed,skillsandteamworkareneeded.”可知，它们是体育活动。人们互相竞争。有时速度、技巧和团队合作是需要的。选项F“运动”与之相符，故选F。【第4题】根据“Maybeyouarenotnaturallymoremusicalthanothers.Ifyouenjoysinging,dancingorplayinganinstrument,theycanbecomegreathobbies.”可知，也许你并不是天生就比别人更有音乐天赋。如果你喜欢唱歌、跳舞或演奏乐器，它们可以成为你的爱好。选项C“音乐”与之相符，故选C。【第5题】根据“Whethertheyarestamps,coins,cards,modelcars,orwhateverelseinterestsyou,it’sagreatwaytolearnaboutpeopleandplaces.”可知，无论它们是邮票、硬币、卡片、模型汽车，还是任何你感兴趣的东西，这都是了解人和地方的好方法。选项A“收集”与之相符，故选A。【题型三】任务型阅读之信息摘录类【典例分析】（2021·四川成都·中考真题）TheArcticishometoover21,000kindsofanimalsandplants.TwothirdsofitistheArcticOcean.Inwinter,itiscompletelycoveredwithseaice.Insummer,nearly50percentoftheseisice.It’salsohometoabout4millionpeople,agroupofwhomareInuit.JimisanInuitboy.At6:30am,hewakesupandgetsreadytogotoschoolinhisfurcoat.Itkeepshimwarminthefreezingweather.Halfanhourlater,hegetstoschoolonaskiorsnowmobile.Someofhisfriendsgobycarinstead.At11:30am,it’stimeforlunch.There’sfishandothermeatinhislunchbox.Hesometimeseatsthemuncooked.Thesefoodsgivehimenoughenergy.Besideslocalfood,somepeopleeatWesternfood.At5:00pm,thesnowoutsidemakeseverythingbright,sohewearssnowgogglesonhiswaybackhome,orhiseyesmaybehurtbadlybythestronglight.FromDecembertoMarch,thesunneverrises.However,italwaysshinesintheskyduringthesummer.At10:00pm,hegoestobed.Sometimeshestaysinanicehousecalledigloo.Itlookscoldbutit’swarminside.Manylocalpeopleliveinhousesmadeofwood.TheInuitmainlymakealivingbyhuntingandfishing.Now,theirlifeisgreatlyinfluencedbyclimate（气候）change.Forexample,manyanimalstheyhuntforfoodaredisappearing.Thereislessfoodforthereindeertheykeep,too.Theyfacemoreterribleweather,suchassnowstorms.Huntingbecomesmoredangerous.Huntersmayaccidentallyfallintowateriftheicebecomestoothin.Actually,thetemperatureintheArcticis18℃higherthanitwas125yearsago.AllArcticicemaydisappearduringthesummerinlessthan100years.1．________2．________3．________4．________5．________【答案】1．facts2．dark/inthedark/indarkness3．protection4．Transportation5．sureof/about;certainof/about【短文分析】本文介绍了北极生活及北极的现状，呼吁人们保护环境。【答案解析】【第1题】根据“Inwinter,itiscompletelycoveredwithseaice.Insummer,nearly50percentoftheseisice.”可知介绍北极夏天和冬天的一些事实情况，fact表示“事实”，此处用复数形式。故填facts。【第2题】根据“FromDecembertoMarch,thesunneverrises.”可知从十二月份到三月份，太阳是不升起的，因此是黑暗的。故填dark/inthedark/indarkness。【第3题】根据“At5:00pm,thesnowoutsidemakeseverythingbright,sohewearssnowgogglesonhiswaybackhome,orhiseyesmaybehurtbadlybythestronglight.”可知回家的时候他带上护目镜，以免眼睛被强光损伤，因此护目镜是保护眼睛的。故填protection。【第4题】根据“asnowmobile”和“aski”可知雪地摩托和雪橇属于交通工具。故填Transportation。【第5题】根据“Huntingbecomesmoredangerous.Huntersmayaccidentallyfallintowateriftheicebecomestoothin.”可知猎人很可能在冰薄的地方落入水中，因此没办法保证自己的安全。故填sureof/about;certainof/about。【提分秘籍】【命题特点】该题型根据短文和表格所提供的语言信息，以填写词语的方式完成文后各题，主要考查学生三个方面的能力，捕捉信息的能力、组织信息的能力、综合概括信息的能力。这种题目中所填的词或调组往往具有很高的概括性和准确性，因此，考生必须认真阅读材料，尽可能地从短文中找到所要填写的词语。【解题思路】1.纵览全文，在有限的时间内迅速抓住文章的要点和重要信息，找出关键词语。如人物、事物、时间、年代、地点、数量等。2.分析图表，特别注意图表里的小标题，这有助于快速了解图表结构及图表大意，从面有助于预测短文的主旨大意和写作结构，还可以准确定位试题具体的填空要求。3.仔细填写，在了解短文大意的同时，要确定填空的内容，即所填写词语是否与已知文章中的一致，例如有的同子明确信息，有的要通过逻辑推理，有的句子是文章中原句的同义词，有的是为了表达同样的语意，原文中使用的结构不适合于试题，因此要适当转化结构。4.审核答案。做完题日后，要立足整体，信摩所填之词是否符合文章内容，同时还要注意动词的时态与语态是否正确，名词单复数。形容词或制词及其比较级或最高级是否有误，首字母是否大写，句子的主谓搭配是否合格等。【变式演练】任务型阅读之信息摘录类第1篇（2021·贵州铜仁·中考真题）Paper-cuttingisafamousfolkartwithalonghistoryinChina.Itwasusedduringfestivalstodecorategatesandwindows.Afterhundredsofyears’development,ithasbecomeaverypopularwayofdecoration.Themaincuttingtoolsaren’tcomplex(复杂的):paperandscissorsoraknife,butcleverandskilledpaper-cuttingartists.canmakeverybeautifulartworks.Chinesepaper-cuttingworkshavethesefeatures—“Flowerinflower,themeintheme.”Thismeanssmallerpicturesandstoriesarehiddenintheworks.Youwillbeamazedbythewonderfuldesignswhenyoulookattheirpaper-cuttingworkscarefully.ThroughChinesepaper-cutting,peopleexpresstheirbestwishes.Paper-cutting1.Paper-cuttingwasusedduring_____1_____todecorategatesandwindows.2.Afterhundredsofyeas’_____2____,ithasbecomeaverypopularwayofdecoration.3.Themaincuttingtoolsare_____3_____:paperandscissororaknife.4.Thismeanssmallerpicturesandstoriesare____4_____intheworks.5.Ifyoulookattheirpaper-cuttingworks_____5____,you’llbesurprisedbythewonderfuldesigns.【答案】1．festivals2．development3．simple4．hidden5．carefully【短文分析】文章介绍了我国历史悠久的著名民间艺术——剪纸。【答案解析】【第1题】根据“Itwasusedduringfestivalstodecorategatesandwindows.”可知，在节日期间，它被用来装饰门和窗户。故填festivals。【第2题】根据“Afterhundredsofyears’development,ithasbecomeaverypopularwayofdecoration.”可知，经过几百年的发展，它已经成为一种非常流行的装饰方式。故填development。【第3题】根据“Themaincuttingtoolsaren’tcomplex(复杂的):paperandscissorsoraknife”可知，主要的剪纸工具并不复杂，也就是简单的，故填simple。【第4题】根据“Thismeanssmallerpicturesandstoriesarehiddenintheworks.”可知，这意味着作品中隐藏着较小的画面和故事。故填hidden。【第5题】根据“Youwillbeamazedbythewonderfuldesignswhenyoulookattheirpaper-cuttingworkscarefully.”可知，当你仔细看他们的剪纸作品时，你会惊讶于这些美妙的设计。故填carefully。任务型阅读之信息摘录类第2篇（2021·浙江·模拟预测）阅读下面材料，根据文中信息完成以下任务。任务A：补全对话，完成1~4小题。每空限填一词。任务B：根据对话内容，提出一个问题，完成第5题，不超过10个词。LearntoBeaBubbleologist●Doyoulikeblowingbubbles?●Areyouinterestedinfindingoutwhybubblespop?●Doyouwanttomeetscientistswhostudybubbles?●Wouldyouliketofindouthowlongonebubblelasts?●AreyouinGrade7orGrade8?IfyouansweredYEStoanyofThesequestions,ThenwehavetheClubforyou!SignupattheChildren’sMuseumofNationalHistoryonThursdayat4:00P.M.Bringafriend.It’sfree.BubbleBlowersClubTheBubbleBlowersClubwantstoteachstudentshowtomakeallkindsofbubbles…soapbubbles,gumbubbles,sodabubbles,plasticbubbles,andbubblesyou’veneverheardabout!Asmembersyouwilllearnhowbubbleshavebeenusedtotreatsomesicknesseslikethecommonflu.You’llalsofindouthowbubbleshelppeopletomakebikehelmetsstronger.Joinourclubandmeetotherbubblelovers.It’slotsoffun!Comepopbubbleswithus!Helen:Wow,lookattheposter,Amy!BubbleBlowers___1___!Amy:Oh,really?Iaminterestedinbubbles!Letmetakealook.Helen:It’sagoodchanceforyou.Youcan___2___tomakeallkindsofbubblesintheclub.Amy:Great.Andtheclubwillshowmembershowtotreatillnesseswithbubbles.Helen:Andyoucanevenmeetscientistswhostudybubbles.Itsoundsinteresting.Amy:Let’sjointheclubtogether.Helen:Goodidea!Howmuchshouldwepayforit?Isitexpensive?Amy:Noworries.It’s___3___.Helen:WeshouldsignupattheChildren’sMuseumofNaturalHistoryon___4___at4:00p.m.Amy:__________5__________?Helen:…Amy:OK.That’sadeal.【答案】1．Club2．learn3．free4．Thursday5．WhenshallwegothereonThursday?【短文分析】本文是一篇应用文，介绍了吹泡泡俱乐部以及两人关于注册吹泡泡俱乐部的对话。【答案解析】【第1题】根据原文“BubbleBlowersClub”可知，这是一个吹泡泡俱乐部，故填Club。【第2题】根据原文“TheBubbleBlowersClubwantstoteachstudentshowtomakeallkindsofbubbles”可知，在吹泡泡俱乐部学生可以学会吹各种各样的泡泡。learntodosth.为固定搭配，意为“学会做某事”，且空格前为情态动词can，故learn应用动词原形，故填learn。【第3题】根据原文“It’sfree”可知，这个俱乐部是免费的。故填free。【第4题】根据原文“SignupattheChildren’sMuseumofNationalHistoryonThursdayat4:00P.M.”可知，注册时间是星期四下午四点。故填Thursday。【第5题】根据下文“OK.That’sadeal”可知，此处应该是在问两人什么时候一起去注册的问题。故填WhenshallwegothereonThursday?【题型四】任务型阅读之综合性阅读【典例分析】（2021·辽宁沈阳·中考真题）JasonisinterestedinChina.HehasfoundsomeinformationaboutChineseculture.TheabacusTheabacuswasperhapstheearliesttypeofcomputer.People(A)startedusingitmorethan4,000yearsagotodomaths.ItwasusedinancientChina,Rome,EgyptandGreece.Today(B)一些人仍然使用它.Kungfu“Kungfu”isthepopularnamegiventoChinesemartialartsintheWest.Itreferstoanumberofdifferenttypesoffightingthathavedeveloped(C)morethanhundredsofyearsinChina.Thesedifferentstylesareoftencalled“schools”.OneofthemostfamousschoolsistheShaolinSchool.Itcomes(D)________theShaolinTempleatSongshaninHenanProvince.TCMTodaywhenpeopleintheWestneedmedicalhelp,theyoftenchoose(E)________“new”kindofmedicinethatisactuallyquiteold.TheychoosetraditionalChinesemedicine(TCM).TCMusesmanydifferentkindsoftreatments.Herbalmedicinesareused,forexample,tohelpbringbalancetopeople.(F)ManyofthetreatmentsusedinTCMhavehelpedpeopleforthousandsofyears.PeoplecanuseChinesemedicineforalmostanysicknesstheyhave.1．写出文中画线部分(A)和(C)的同义词或近义词：________;________2．将文中画线部分(B)译成英语：_______________________________________________3．在文中(D)和(E)的空白处填入适当的单词：________;

________4．将文中画线部分(F)改写为：ManyofthetreatmentsusedinTCMhavehelpedpeople________thousandsofyears________.5．从文中找出两个与中国文化相关的名词：________;________【答案】1．began

over2．somepeoplearestillusingit/somepeoplestilluseit.3．

from

a/the/this4．

since

ago5．

Theabacus/Abacus

Kungfu【短文分析】本文是说明文，介绍了算盘、功夫和中医三种中国文化的相关知识。【答案解析】【第1题】根据第二段“Peoplestartedusingitmorethan4,000yearsagotodomaths”，可知是说4000多年前人们开始用它算数学，started表示“开始”，和begin同义；结合started是过去式，故填began。第三段“hundredsofyears”是概数，结合语境可知用morethan表示超过数百年，和over“超过”同义。综合以上分析，故填began;over。【第2题】一些人：somepeople；仍然：still；使用它：useit。由today和语境，可知本句用bedoing现在进行时或一般现在时皆可；主语people是集合名词，相应动词用复数形式，故填：somepeoplearestillusingit/somepe