2024年中考模拟试卷英语（辽宁卷）

2024年中考第二次模拟考试（辽宁统考专用）英语（考试时间：90分钟试卷满分：90分）注意事项：1.答卷前，考生务必用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔将自己的学校、班级、座位号、姓名和准考证号填写在答题卡相应的位置上；2.选择题每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔将答题卡上对应题目选项的答案信息涂黑，如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案。作答在试卷上无效；3.非选择题必须用黑色字迹钢笔或签字笔作答，答案必须写在答题卡各题目指定区域内的相应位置上。如需改动，先划掉原来的答案，然后再写上新的答案。不得使用铅笔或涂改液，否则答案无效；4．考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第一部分选择题(共50分)一、阅读理解(共20小题,每小题2分;满分40分)第一节阅读下面语言材料,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。（A）BookClubIfyouliketoreadandtelljokes,thesepicksprovideinterestingmaterial.You’reJokingMe:JokesforKidsbyaKidByWilliamDanielWrittenbyasixth-grader,thisbookhasover400puns（双关语）,riddlesandknock-knockjokes.Thewordplay（文字游戏）isreallyfunny.Here’sawordplayjoketotellyourfriends:“Whatpieceofclothisthesleepiest?Anapkin!”BellyLaughJokes,Riddles,andPunsBySkyPonyeditorsFromthisbook,youcanread700classicjokesonmanydifficulttopics,suchasfood,animalsandsports.Youmightliketellingthisjoke:“Whatdoyoucallcheesethatdoesn’tbelongtoyou?Nachocheese!”LOL101:AKid’sGuidetoWritingJokesByDavidRothandRineeShahThisbookteachesushowtowriteinterestingjokesandhowtoperformthemtogetbiglaughs.Theauthors’experiencesonhowtowritejokesarealsointroduced.Oneofthejokes:“Wheredidthedogleavehercar?Thebarking(parking)lot!”Laugh-Out-Loud:TheBigBookofKnock-KnockJokesByRobElliottThejokesinthisbookaredividedintofourtopics:people,things,placesandholidays.Somefunjokesarepunsonpropernames.Trytellingthisjoke:“Knock,knock.Who’sthere?Wendy.Wendywho?Wendy(Whendo)youthinkwecangoonadate?”1．Therearefournew______booksinthebookclub.A．art B．joke C．guide D．science2．Thebook______iswrittenbyakid.A．You’reJokingMe B．BellyLaughJokes,Riddles,andPunsC．LOL101 D．Laugh-Out-LoudJokes3.Youcanreadthebookwrittenby_______ifyouwanttolearntowritejokes.A．WilliamDaniel B．SkyPonyeditorsC．DavidRothandRineeShah D．RobElliott4．ThepunsinthebookLaugh-Out-Loudareabout______.A．strangecloth B．deliciousfood C．propernames D．greatperformances（B）Ateacherclearedoffhisdeskandplacedontopofitafewthings.Oneofthemwasanemptymasonjar(玻璃瓶).Hefilledthejarwithgolfballsuntilhecouldputnomore.Helookedattheclassroomandaskedhisstudentsiftheyagreedthatthejarwasfull.Everystudentagreedthatthejarwasreallyfull.Theteacherthenpickedupaboxofsmallpebbles(卵石)andpouredthemintothejarwiththegolfballs.Thepebblesfilledalloftheopeningsinbetweenthegolfballs.Heaskedthestudentsifthejarwasfull.Onceagain,theyagreed.Nowtheteacherpickedupabagofsandandpoureditintothejar.Thesandfilledinalloftheemptyspaceleftbetweenthegolfballsandpebbles.Heaskedtheclassagainifthejarwasfull.Thestudentsagreedagain.Theteachersaid,“Iwantyoutoknowthatthisjarrepresentsyourlife,”hestarted.“Thegolfballsrepresenttheimportantthings:yourfamily,health,friends...Thepebblesrepresenttheotherthingsinlife,suchasyourjob,houseandcar.Thesandiseverysmallthing.Ifyouputthesandinfirstthereisnoroomforthepebblesorgolfballs.Thesamegoesforlife.Ifyouspendallofyourtimeonthesmallthings,youwillneverhaveroomforthethingsthataremostimportant.”Payattentiontotheimportantthingsinyourlife.Youshouldknowtherewillalwaysbetimetocleanthehouseorgoshopping.5．Whichofthefollowingstandsforthe“pebble”accordingtothepassage?A．YourhouseB．Yourhealth C．Yourfriends D．Yourfamily6．Fromthepassagewelearnthat________.A．thewaterfilledopeningsbetweensandandpebblesB．weshouldspendlesstimeoncleaningC．lifeshouldhaveenoughroomforgolfballsD．theteacheristoostrictwiththestudents7．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“represents”inParagraph4mean?A．Discuss B．Protect C．Explain D．Standsfor8．Whatdoesthepassagemainlytalkabout?A．Howtomakeyourlifebusy B．WhatthereallifeshouldbeC．Theorderoflife’simportantthings D．Howtouseyourtimeinaproperway(C)WhenwelookatapictureofEarthfromspace,thereareareasofgreen,blue,andwhite.Mostpeoplewillrecognizethatthegreenisland,theblueiswater,andthewhiteisclouds.Takenasawhole,Earthismainlyblue.Thatisbecauseoftheamountofwaterithasthatcoversthesurface.So,howmuchofEarthiswater?About71%ofEarth’ssurfaceiscoveredinwater.Ofthat71%,theoceanshold96.5%ofthewater.Thiswaterfoundinoceansisallsaltwater.Theremaining3.5%ofthewaterisfreshwater,whichcanbefoundinlakes,rivers,glaciers(冰川),andintheground.Freshwateriswhatpeopleuseforfarming,raisinganimals,drinking,anddailyactivitiessuchastakingshowersandwashingclothesordishes.Doestheamountofwaterstaythesame?Forthemostpart,yes.WateronEarthispartofaclosedsystem.Thatis,waterisalwaysmovingandchangingformsbetweenice,liquid,andgas.Theformofthewaterchangesallthetime,butthetotalamountofwateronEarthremainsthesame.IfEarthisnotnecessarilyrunningoutofwater,whyarepeopleworried?Whydoweneedtothinkaboutsavingwater?First,humanscanonlyusefreshwater,whichisonly3.5%ofallofEarth’swater.Second,ofthis3.5%,only1%isavailable（可利用的）forhumanuse.Mostfreshwaterisfoundinglaciersfarfromwhereanyonelives.Third,theamountofwaterthatisusefulforhumansisbeingusedfasterthanitcanbecleanedandputbackintotheenvironment.Now,knowingthefactsaboutwater,itisourjobtomakesureweuseEarth’swaterinagoodway.9．Wherecan96.5%ofthewateronEarthbefound?A．Inrivers. B．Inlakes. C．Inglaciers. D．Inoceans.10．Whatdoesthewritermeanbysaying“WateronEarthispartofaclosedsystem.”?A．Theamountofwaterbecomessmaller. B．Theamountofwaterstaysthesame.C．Theamountofwaterkeepschanging. D．Theamountofwaterbecomeslarger.11．WhatcanwelearnfromParagraph4?A．HumanscanuseallthewateronEartheasily.B．Mostfreshwaterisfoundinthegroundeasily.C．Humanscan’tuse2.5%ofthefreshwaterfreely.D．Waterforhumanscanbecleanedandrecycledfast.12．Whatisthemainideaofthepassage?A．ThereasonswhyEarthisindifferentcolors.B．ThepeoplewhousethemostwateronEarth.C．TheamountanddifferenttypesofEarth’swater.D．Theproperwaysforpeopletousefreshwater.（D）Animalbehaviorisaninterestingandattractivestudy.Scientistsresearchthewaysanimalsusetolookforfood.Theystudyhowanimalsprotectthemselvesfromtheirpredators,andwhichanimalskillotheranimalsforfood.Allofthishelpsusunderstandhowusefulanimalscanbe.Eachcountryorcultureraisessomeanimalsforfood.IntheUnitedStates,peoplemainlyeatmeatfromcows,chickensandpigs.Inothercountries,peoplemightraisesheeporbuffalo（水牛）formeat.Thesedifferencescomeinpartfromweatherandotherenvironmentalconditions.Peoplearoundtheworldeatallkindsoffishandshellfishfromoceansandrivers.Insomecountries,peopledon’talwayschoosesomeanimalgroups,suchasdogs,forfoodwhileinothercountriessuchanimalsmaybecomepeople’sfavoritefood.InWestAfrica,animalsprovidehumanswithmorethanfood.Theyhavebeenhelpingpeopledodailyworkforthousandsofyears.Horses,oxen,andotherworkanimalspullheavythings.Elephants,camelsandotheranimalscarrypeopleandthingsfromplacetoplace.Carrierpigeons（信鸽）havebeenusedtosendmessages.Peoplealsoreceivehealthbenefitsfromanimals.Forexample,dogsandcatscanhelpcalmpeopledown.Thisishelpfulforpeoplefightingillnesses.Animalscanalsoreducestress,helpingpeopletodrawtheirattentiontolearningnewinformation,suchasreading.Whenpeoplearewalkingtheirdogsorhorses,itencouragesexercise.AnimalsandhumanssharespaceonEarth,sokeepingahealthyrelationshipwithanimalsaroundusisinourbestinterest.13．Theunderlinedword“predators”inParagraph1probablymeans________.A．neighbours B．friends C．enemies D．children14．WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaccordingtothepassage?A．Peoplearoundtheworldeatallkindsoffish.B．Horsesarehelpfulforpeoplefightingillnesses.C．Elephantsencouragehumanstodomoreexercise.D．Africansmainlyeatmeatfromcows,chickensandpigs.15．________canhelppeopletosendmessages.A．Horses B．Pigeons C．Fish D．Sheep16．Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?A．Whereanimalsliveandhowtheylookforfood.B．Therelationshipbetweenanimalsandhumans.C．Thedifferentthingsanimalscandoindifferentcountries.D．Whathumansshoulddowhencommunicatingwithanimals.第二节阅读短文，从方框内所给的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，其中有一个多余的选项。Exerciseisgoodforyouwheneveryoudoit,butthetimeofdaytoachievethebestresultmaybedifferentforwomenandmen,accordingtoaUSstudy.ResearchersfromuniversitiesinArizonaandCaliforniastudied30womenand26men.Alltheirageswerebetween25and35.Theparticipants（参加者）werehealthyandactive.Theyweredividedintotwogroups.17Theothergroupfollowedthesameactivitiesintheevening,between6:00and8:00.Alltheparticipantsfollowedaspecially-designedmealplan.Allthosewhotookpartinthestudyimprovedtheirhealthandperformance,nomatterwhentheyexercised.18Itmeansthebesttimeofdaytoexerciseisdifferentforwomenandmen.Accordingtothestudy,morningexercisesbetterhelpedwomenlosefat,improvelowerbodystrengthandreducebloodpressure.19Exercisealsohelpedmenimprovetheirmoodnomatterthetimeofday.20Theresearchersaren’tsurewhythetimeofdayaffectedmenandwomendifferently.Theysaidmoreresearchisneededtoaunderstandthisbetter.A．Butresearchersfindthereis“somethingdifferentgoingon”.B．Menbetterburnedfatandreducedbloodpressureintheevening.C．Peoplealwaysstayuplateandeatjunkfood.D．However,thisresultwasonlyseeninwomenwhoexercisedintheevening.E．Onegroupexercisedforanhourbefore8:30inthemorning.二、完形填空(共10小题，每小题1分，满分10分)阅读短文，理解其大意，从A、B、C、D匹四个选项中出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Mydaughtersawacolorfulrainbow()theotherdayafterarainstorm.Sheaskedmetolook21thewindowandseeitaswell.Lookingatit,Iwasamazedathow22beautycouldmakemymiddle­agedheartexcited.AsIlookedatit,IalsorememberedthefirsttimeIeversawarainbowasaboy.Ihadbeensittinginthehouseforanhourwaitingimpatientlyfortheraintostop23Icouldgooutandplay.IthadrainedhardforlongandIthoughtitwouldneverend.Whenitfinallydid24,Irushedoutsideandwasattractedbythebeautifulsightoftherainbowacrossthesky.Ihadjustrecentlyheardofanoldstory.Itissaidthattherewasapotofgoldattheendofarainbow.25,Istartedtorundownthestreetsnearmyhousetofindthattreasure.The26Iran,though,themorerainbowbegantodisappear.FinallyIfoundmyselfrunningasfastasIpossiblycould,butitwastoolate.BythetimeIgotthere,therainbowanditspotofgoldweregone.Sadlythatwasn’tthe27timeIfoundmyselfrunningafterthefalsetreasure.Overtheyears,Iranafterthefame,successandmoneyandevenpowerthatIthoughtwouldbringmethehappinessIalwayswanted.28ofthemdid,though.Ittookmealongtimetofindthetrue29thatdoesn’tdisappearorrunaway.Thattruetreasureisthelovebetweenpeopleanditisfreetoall.Iwelcomedthistreasureintomyheartandlifeandshareditwithothersaswell.AndthemoreloveI30,themoreloveIhadinme.21．A．outfor B．outof C．aroundfor D．backto22．A．its B．her C．my D．their23．A．because B．though C．but D．so24．A．stop B．change C．remain D．keep25．A．Excitedly B．Peacefully C．Quietly D．Easily26．A．slower B．quieter C．faster D．higher27．A．first B．second C．third D．last28．A．Neither B．Both C．All D．None29．A．treasure B．rainbow C．pot D．gold30．A．caredabout B．tookout C．gaveaway D．cameout第二部分非选择题(共40分)三、语法填空(共10小题，每小题1分; 满分10分) 阅读短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或用括号内所给词的正确形式填空，使短文通顺、连贯。AIisanamazingartificialintelligenceprogram.Itis31(wide)usedinarangeoftasks.AIusesnaturallanguageprocessingtounderstandyourquestionsandprovideproper32(answer).Whetheryouneedhelpwithhomeworkorwanttolearnaboutanewtopic,AIisready33(help)you.Inaddition,itislearningandimprovingitsskillsallthetime,34itcanprovideevenbetterresponsesinthefuture.Asalanguagemodel,AIcanalsobehelpfulforwritingtasks.35canofferphrasesandsentencestructures,andevenhelpcreatecontentforyourwriting.Onceyouinputthetopicandprovidesomeinformation,thenAI36(do)therest.Overall,AIisa37(use)tooltohave.Itcanhelpyouwitheverythingfromansweringsimplequestions38writingreports.Ifyouhaven’ttriedAIyet,besuretogiveitatry.Youwon’tbe39(disappoint)withtheresults.Whoknows,maybeinthefutureAIwillevenbeabletoholdconversationswithhumansmuch40(easy)thannow.四、阅读与表达(共4小题，41~43小题 每小题2分，44小题4分;满分10分) 阅读短文，然后根据内容回答问题。Howdoyoucelebrateyourownbirthday?Whatgiftcanyougetfromyourparents?WeallknoweatinglongnoodlesisanimportantpartinChina.Whilewhataboutothercountries?Infact,differentcountrieshavedifferenttraditionsonhowtocelebratethebirthday.MexicoPinatasInMexico,parentsoftenmakeapinatafortheirchildren’sbirthday.Theyputsomecandies,toysandotherthingsinitandhangitfromatree.Thebirthdaychildisblindfolded(蒙住眼的)andtriestohitthepinatawithastick.Heorshewillbeakitopen.Brazil

Pullsontheear

Thebirthdaychildgetsapullontheearforeachyearheorshehaslived.Thebirthdaychildalsogivesthefirstpieceofcaketoaveryspecialpersontohimorher,usuallyMomorDad.CanadaPutbutteronthenoseInCanada,peopleoftenputbutteronthebirthdaychild’snose.Itmeansthechildistooslippery(滑的)forbadlucktocatchhimorher.HollandCrownyears

Specialyearbirthdayssuchas5,10,15,20,21arecalled“crown”years.Thebirthdaychildgetsalargepresentonacrownyearbirthday.Thefamilyseesthisbirthdayasatimetogettogetherandusuallycelebratesitwithabigfamilymeal.Thefamilyalsoputsflowersorballoonsaroundthebirthdaychild’schairatthediningroomtable.41.WhocangetthefirstpieceofcakefromthebirthdaychildinBrazil?________________________________________________________________________________42.WhatdoesthefamilydotocelebrateacrownyearbirthdayinHolland?Pleaselist(列举)atleastoneactivity.________________________________________________________________________________What’sthebesttitleofthispassage?________________________________________________________________________________Howdoyouusuallycelebrateyourownbirthday?(Write30wordsormore)___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________五、书面表达（满分20分）45.沈阳是我家，爱护靠大家！假设你校下周将举行环境保护周活动，活动之前你将对此活动进行一次演讲！请你根据以下提示写一篇关于环保的英语演讲稿，呼吁大家一起保护环境。要点：1.我们周围的环境问题；pollution

，badhabits...2.如何保护环境；●Takegreenactions●Saveresource（节省资源）●…3.关于此次活动你的感受。注意： 1.短文必须包括要点提示中所有信息，可适当发挥。2.词数：100左右（短文开头结尾已给出，不计入总词数）3.文中不得出现真实姓名，校名和地点。Deareverybody,Asisknowntoall,theenvironmentaroundusisgettingworseandworse.________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Shenyangisourhome.Let’sprotectittogether!

2024年中考第二次模拟考试（辽宁统考专用）英语（考试时间：90分钟试卷满分：90分）注意事项：1.答卷前，考生务必用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔将自己的学校、班级、座位号、姓名和准考证号填写在答题卡相应的位置上；2.选择题每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔将答题卡上对应题目选项的答案信息涂黑，如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案。作答在试卷上无效；3.非选择题必须用黑色字迹钢笔或签字笔作答，答案必须写在答题卡各题目指定区域内的相应位置上。如需改动，先划掉原来的答案，然后再写上新的答案。不得使用铅笔或涂改液，否则答案无效；4．考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第一部分选择题(共50分)一、阅读理解(共20小题,每小题2分;满分40分)第一节阅读下面语言材料,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。（A）BookClubIfyouliketoreadandtelljokes,thesepicksprovideinterestingmaterial.You’reJokingMe:JokesforKidsbyaKidByWilliamDanielWrittenbyasixth-grader,thisbookhasover400puns（双关语）,riddlesandknock-knockjokes.Thewordplay（文字游戏）isreallyfunny.Here’sawordplayjoketotellyourfriends:“Whatpieceofclothisthesleepiest?Anapkin!”BellyLaughJokes,Riddles,andPunsBySkyPonyeditorsFromthisbook,youcanread700classicjokesonmanydifficulttopics,suchasfood,animalsandsports.Youmightliketellingthisjoke:“Whatdoyoucallcheesethatdoesn’tbelongtoyou?Nachocheese!”LOL101:AKid’sGuidetoWritingJokesByDavidRothandRineeShahThisbookteachesushowtowriteinterestingjokesandhowtoperformthemtogetbiglaughs.Theauthors’experiencesonhowtowritejokesarealsointroduced.Oneofthejokes:“Wheredidthedogleavehercar?Thebarking(parking)lot!”Laugh-Out-Loud:TheBigBookofKnock-KnockJokesByRobElliottThejokesinthisbookaredividedintofourtopics:people,things,placesandholidays.Somefunjokesarepunsonpropernames.Trytellingthisjoke:“Knock,knock.Who’sthere?Wendy.Wendywho?Wendy(Whendo)youthinkwecangoonadate?”1．Therearefournew______booksinthebookclub.A．art B．joke C．guide D．science2．Thebook______iswrittenbyakid.A．You’reJokingMe B．BellyLaughJokes,Riddles,andPunsC．LOL101 D．Laugh-Out-LoudJokes3.Youcanreadthebookwrittenby_______ifyouwanttolearntowritejokes.A．WilliamDaniel B．SkyPonyeditorsC．DavidRothandRineeShah D．RobElliott4．ThepunsinthebookLaugh-Out-Loudareabout______.A．strangecloth B．deliciousfood C．propernames D．greatperformances【答案】1．B2．A3.C4．C【主旨】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了四本与笑话相关的书。1．细节理解题。根据“Ifyouliketoreadandtelljokes,thesepicksprovideinterestingmaterial.”可知，如果喜欢读笑话、讲笑话，本文介绍的四本书能提供有趣的材料，都与笑话相关。故选B。2．细节理解题。根据“You’reJokingMe:JokesforKidsbyaKid”中“ByWilliamDanielWrittenbyasixth-grader,thisbookhasover400puns,riddlesandknock-knockjokes.”可知，本书是由一个六年级的小孩写的。故选A。3.细节理解题。根据“LOL101:AKid’sGuidetoWritingJokeByDavidRothandRineeShah”和第三本书的介绍可知，他的书中介绍如何写笑话。故选C。4．细节理解题。根据“Laugh-Out-Loud:TheBigBookofKnock-KnockJokes”中“Somefunjokesarepunsonpropernames.”可知，本书中，一些有趣的笑话是专有名字上的双关语。故选C。（B）Ateacherclearedoffhisdeskandplacedontopofitafewthings.Oneofthemwasanemptymasonjar(玻璃瓶).Hefilledthejarwithgolfballsuntilhecouldputnomore.Helookedattheclassroomandaskedhisstudentsiftheyagreedthatthejarwasfull.Everystudentagreedthatthejarwasreallyfull.Theteacherthenpickedupaboxofsmallpebbles(卵石)andpouredthemintothejarwiththegolfballs.Thepebblesfilledalloftheopeningsinbetweenthegolfballs.Heaskedthestudentsifthejarwasfull.Onceagain,theyagreed.Nowtheteacherpickedupabagofsandandpoureditintothejar.Thesandfilledinalloftheemptyspaceleftbetweenthegolfballsandpebbles.Heaskedtheclassagainifthejarwasfull.Thestudentsagreedagain.Theteachersaid,“Iwantyoutoknowthatthisjarrepresentsyourlife,”hestarted.“Thegolfballsrepresenttheimportantthings:yourfamily,health,friends...Thepebblesrepresenttheotherthingsinlife,suchasyourjob,houseandcar.Thesandiseverysmallthing.Ifyouputthesandinfirstthereisnoroomforthepebblesorgolfballs.Thesamegoesforlife.Ifyouspendallofyourtimeonthesmallthings,youwillneverhaveroomforthethingsthataremostimportant.”Payattentiontotheimportantthingsinyourlife.Youshouldknowtherewillalwaysbetimetocleanthehouseorgoshopping.5．Whichofthefollowingstandsforthe“pebble”accordingtothepassage?A．YourhouseB．Yourhealth C．Yourfriends D．Yourfamily6．Fromthepassagewelearnthat________.A．thewaterfilledopeningsbetweensandandpebblesB．weshouldspendlesstimeoncleaningC．lifeshouldhaveenoughroomforgolfballsD．theteacheristoostrictwiththestudents7．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“represents”inParagraph4mean?A．Discuss B．Protect C．Explain D．Standsfor8．Whatdoesthepassagemainlytalkabout?A．Howtomakeyourlifebusy B．WhatthereallifeshouldbeC．Theorderoflife’simportantthings D．Howtouseyourtimeinaproperway【答案】5．A6．C7．D8．C【主旨】本文通过老师演示的实物操作活动揭示生命中重要事物的顺序。5．细节理解题。根据“Thepebblesrepresenttheotherthingsinlife,suchasyourjob,houseandcar.”可知，卵石代表人们的房子。故选A。6．推理判断题。通读全文并根据“Ifyouputthesandinfirstthereisnoroomforthepebblesorgolfballs.Thesamegoesforlife.Ifyouspendallofyourtimeonthesmallthings,youwillneverhaveroomforthethingsthataremostimportant.”可知，golfballs代表生活中重要的事情，而生活应当为重要的事情留有足够的空间。故选C。7．词义猜想题。根据“Iwantyoutoknowthatthisjarrepresentsyourlife...”和“Thegolfballsrepresenttheimportantthings...”可知，老师想让学生明白，这个玻璃瓶代表生活，高尔夫球代表重要的事情，卵石代表生命中的其他事，沙子代表每一件小事。所以represents意为“代表”，相当于standsfor。故选D。8．主旨大意题。通读全文并根据“Ifyouputthesandinfirstthereisnoroomforthepebblesorgolfballs.Thesamegoesforlife.Ifyouspendallofyourtimeonthesmallthings,youwillneverhaveroomforthethingsthataremostimportant.”可知，文章通过老师演示的实物操作活动揭示生命中重要事物的顺序。故选C。(C)WhenwelookatapictureofEarthfromspace,thereareareasofgreen,blue,andwhite.Mostpeoplewillrecognizethatthegreenisland,theblueiswater,andthewhiteisclouds.Takenasawhole,Earthismainlyblue.Thatisbecauseoftheamountofwaterithasthatcoversthesurface.So,howmuchofEarthiswater?About71%ofEarth’ssurfaceiscoveredinwater.Ofthat71%,theoceanshold96.5%ofthewater.Thiswaterfoundinoceansisallsaltwater.Theremaining3.5%ofthewaterisfreshwater,whichcanbefoundinlakes,rivers,glaciers(冰川),andintheground.Freshwateriswhatpeopleuseforfarming,raisinganimals,drinking,anddailyactivitiessuchastakingshowersandwashingclothesordishes.Doestheamountofwaterstaythesame?Forthemostpart,yes.WateronEarthispartofaclosedsystem.Thatis,waterisalwaysmovingandchangingformsbetweenice,liquid,andgas.Theformofthewaterchangesallthetime,butthetotalamountofwateronEarthremainsthesame.IfEarthisnotnecessarilyrunningoutofwater,whyarepeopleworried?Whydoweneedtothinkaboutsavingwater?First,humanscanonlyusefreshwater,whichisonly3.5%ofallofEarth’swater.Second,ofthis3.5%,only1%isavailable（可利用的）forhumanuse.Mostfreshwaterisfoundinglaciersfarfromwhereanyonelives.Third,theamountofwaterthatisusefulforhumansisbeingusedfasterthanitcanbecleanedandputbackintotheenvironment.Now,knowingthefactsaboutwater,itisourjobtomakesureweuseEarth’swaterinagoodway.9．Wherecan96.5%ofthewateronEarthbefound?A．Inrivers. B．Inlakes. C．Inglaciers. D．Inoceans.10．Whatdoesthewritermeanbysaying“WateronEarthispartofaclosedsystem.”?A．Theamountofwaterbecomessmaller. B．Theamountofwaterstaysthesame.C．Theamountofwaterkeepschanging. D．Theamountofwaterbecomeslarger.11．WhatcanwelearnfromParagraph4?A．HumanscanuseallthewateronEartheasily.B．Mostfreshwaterisfoundinthegroundeasily.C．Humanscan’tuse2.5%ofthefreshwaterfreely.D．Waterforhumanscanbecleanedandrecycledfast.12．Whatisthemainideaofthepassage?A．ThereasonswhyEarthisindifferentcolors.B．ThepeoplewhousethemostwateronEarth.C．TheamountanddifferenttypesofEarth’swater.D．Theproperwaysforpeopletousefreshwater.【答案】9．D10．B11．C12．C【主旨】本文主要介绍了地球的水资源情况。全球71%的表面被水覆盖，其中96.5%是咸水，只有3.5%是淡水，供人们使用。我们需要节约用水，合理利用地球的水资源。9．细节理解题。根据第二段“Ofthat71%,theoceanshold96.5%ofthewater.”可知，海水占全球水资源的96.5%。故选D。10．词句猜测题。根据第三段“Thatis,waterisalwaysmovingandchangingformsbetweenice,liquid,andgas.Theformofthewaterchangesallthetime,butthetotalamountofwateronEarthremainsthesame.”可知，虽然水的形式是不断变化的，但是地球上水的总量是保持不变的。故选B。11．细节理解题。根据“Second,ofthis3.5%,only1%isavailableforhumanuse.Mostfreshwaterisfoundinglaciersfarfromwhereanyonelives.”可知，人类不能自由地使用其中2.5%的淡水。故选C。12．主旨大意题。根据“So,howmuchofEarthiswater?About71%ofEarth’ssurfaceiscoveredinwater.Ofthat71%,theoceanshold96.5%ofthewater.Theremaining3.5%ofthewaterisfreshwater...”及结合文章内容可知，这篇文章主要介绍了地球水资源的总量和不同类型。故选C。（D）Animalbehaviorisaninterestingandattractivestudy.Scientistsresearchthewaysanimalsusetolookforfood.Theystudyhowanimalsprotectthemselvesfromtheirpredators,andwhichanimalskillotheranimalsforfood.Allofthishelpsusunderstandhowusefulanimalscanbe.Eachcountryorcultureraisessomeanimalsforfood.IntheUnitedStates,peoplemainlyeatmeatfromcows,chickensandpigs.Inothercountries,peoplemightraisesheeporbuffalo（水牛）formeat.Thesedifferencescomeinpartfromweatherandotherenvironmentalconditions.Peoplearoundtheworldeatallkindsoffishandshellfishfromoceansandrivers.Insomecountries,peopledon’talwayschoosesomeanimalgroups,suchasdogs,forfoodwhileinothercountriessuchanimalsmaybecomepeople’sfavoritefood.InWestAfrica,animalsprovidehumanswithmorethanfood.Theyhavebeenhelpingpeopledodailyworkforthousandsofyears.Horses,oxen,andotherworkanimalspullheavythings.Elephants,camelsandotheranimalscarrypeopleandthingsfromplacetoplace.Carrierpigeons（信鸽）havebeenusedtosendmessages.Peoplealsoreceivehealthbenefitsfromanimals.Forexample,dogsandcatscanhelpcalmpeopledown.Thisishelpfulforpeoplefightingillnesses.Animalscanalsoreducestress,helpingpeopletodrawtheirattentiontolearningnewinfor