仁爱英语九年级期末复习纲要

...wd......wd......wd...九年级上期末复习纲要---英语考试时间：1月底一、考试知识点梳理及典型例题：考点一：现在完成时的概念应用1.构造:=1\*GB3①肯定句：主语+have/has+动词的过去分词〔done〕+其他注意：have/has在该构造中是助动词，无实际含义，相应的句型转换使用have/has来变化=2\*GB3②否认句：主语+haven’t/hasn’t+动词的过去分词〔done〕+其他=3\*GB3③一般疑问句：Have/Has+主语+动词的过去分词〔done〕+其他?=4\*GB3④特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词+have/has+主语+动词的过去分词〔done〕+其他?2.概念：〔1〕现在完成时表示过去发生的某一动作对现在造成的影响或结果〔多从上下文，语义上判断有无影响，一般无时间状语〕。〔2〕表示从过去开场一直延续到现在的动作或状态。〔常与表示从过去到现在的一段时间的状语，如for+时间段；since+过去时间点/一般过去时的句子；since+时间段+ago连用〕【注意】have/hasgoneto,have/hasbeento不能与表示一段时间的状语连用，而have/hasbeento可以。3.标志词：for+时间段；since+过去时间点/一般过去时的句子；since+时间段+ago；yet/already/ever/never/before;thesedays等做题技巧：找标志词和通过定义判断与动词与现在有无关系，翻译要准确〔注意延续非延续动词，非延续性动词不能与表示一段时间的状语连用，见考点三〕典型例题：1.Wow!You______dinner!Let’seatnow.〔2017年河北省中考题〕A.cookB.arecookingC.willcookD.havecooked2.Ourforeignteacher,Andy,_______Englishsince2001.〔2017年邯郸一模〕A.hastaughtB.isteachingC.willteachD.teaches3.LiHonghas_______thearmyfortwoyears.〔2016年保定一模〕A.joinedB.beinC.beeninD.joinedin考点二：：before,just,never,ever,already,yet常用于现在完成时，用法如下：副词justeverneveralreadyyetbefore含义刚刚在任何时候，从来从不已经否认句“还〞疑问句“已经〞以前常用句型陈述句疑问句陈述句疑问句否认句陈述句疑问句肯定陈述句否认句疑问句多种句型常见位置谓语动词前谓语动词前谓语动词前谓语动词前或者句尾句尾句尾注意：still“仍，还〞；still不用于现在完成时中。典型例题：()1.ThisisthemostbeautifulparkIhave_____visited.A.ever B.still C.never D.been()2.—Haveyoufoundyourlostbook_____?—No,Ihaven’t.already B.yet C.still D.once()3.—Haveyoucleanedyourroom_____?—Yes,I’ve_____cleanedit.already,already B.yet,yetC.already,yet D.yet,already()4—Haveyouheardfromhim_______?—Yes,Ihave.I’ve_______heardfromhim.〔月考题〕A.yet;alreadyB.already;yetC.yet;justnowD.still;ever考点三：考察since和for用在现在完成时中的用法。现在完成时用法二：表示过去已经开场，持续到现在的动作或状态，也许还要继续下去。常与for或since引导的时间状语连用。这时必须使用延续性动词。I’veknownLiLeiforthreeyears.We’velivedheresince2001.△注意：since和for的区别由于since和for引导的时间都是持续性的一段时间。Since后接过去的一个时间点，也可以接“一段时间+ago〞，还可以接从句。而for后只接时间段。注意：1.表示短暂性的动词在否认构造中可用现在完成时。例：Ihaven’tboughtanythingfortwomonths.2.表示短暂性的动词完成时态不能和表示一段时间的时间状语连用，但是可以把短暂动词变成延续动词。eg:come-----beleave-----beawayfrombuy------havedie------bedeadbegin---beonborrow---keepclose------beclosedfallill-----beillcatchacold----haveacoldgettoknow---knowmarry----bemarriedjoin-----beamemberof\beinIhavecometoBeijingforhalfayear.(F)IhavebeeninBeijingforhalfayear.(T)Hehaslefthomeforovertwoweeks(F)Hehasbeenawayfromhomeforovertwoweeks(T)典型例题：()1.—WhendidtheGreenscometoChina?—They_____Chinaforsevenyears.A.havecometo B.havebeento C.havecomein D.havebeenin()2.Hurry

up!The

play__________fortenminutes.A.hasbegunB.

hadbegunC.

hasbeenonD.

began()3.—Howlonghashe_____fromhome?—Foreightdays.left B.beenaway C.beaway D.leave()4.LiHonghas_______thearmyfortwoyears.〔2016年保定一模〕A.joinedB.beinC.beeninD.joinedin考点四：考察现在完成时与一般过去时的区别。现在完成时一般过去时构造have/has+done(过去分词)Was/were/did时间状语常与just,already,ever,never等副词和thesedays,sofar,recently,inrecentyears,inthepastfewyears,since+时间点,for+时间段等表示一段时间的状语连用。一般过去时通常与表示过去的时间状语连用。如：yesterday,lastweek,twoyearsago,justnow,in2002，inthepast等；注意不用when引导的疑问句连用,可以与where,why引导的疑问句连用对一段时间提问用“Howlong〞可以与when引导的疑问句连用典型例题：()1.—HowlonghaveyoubeeninBeijing—_____Fiveyearsago.B.Sincefiveyearsago. C.Forfiveyearsago.D.Sincefiveyears.()2.—Haveyouseenmybrother?—Yes.I_____himinthelibraryfiveminutesago.A.met B.havemet C.meet D.havebeenmet()3.—_____you_____yourhomeworkyet?—Yes,I_____ittenminutesago.A.Did,do,finished B.Have,done,havefinishedC.Have,done,finished D.Will,do,finish()4.Wow!You______dinner!Let’seatnow.〔2017年河北省中考题〕A.cookB.arecookingC.willcookD.havecooked()5.Paulaispleasedthatshe_______herlostwatch.〔2015年河北省中考题〕A.findsB.foundC.hasfoundD.willfind()6.MissZhang,themostbeautifulteacher,______manyflowersandlettersthesedays.〔2012河北中考〕A.receivedB.willreceiveC.wasreceivingD.hasreceived考点五：so引导的完全倒装句(Unit1Topic2)构造：so+be/助动词/情态动词+主语表示“……也是一样〞，意为“A如此，B也如此。〞Heisanhonestboy,andsoamI.他是一个老实的男孩，我也是。Hesawthekites,andsodidI.他看见那些风筝了，我也看到了。HehasbeentoBeijing.SohaveI.他去过北京，我也去过。〔现在完成时，其助动词是have/has〕注意：此句型只用于肯定句。否认句要用“neither/nor+be/助动词/情态动词+主语〞。如：—Hecant’tspeakRussian.他不会讲俄语。—Neither/NorcanI.我也不会讲俄语。辨析：so＋主语＋be/助动词/情态动词此句型不是倒装句，只是单纯地重复前面一句的意思，表示“确实如此、就是这样〞。典型例题：()1.—HaveyourparentsbeentoRussia?—Yes.So_____I.do B.havebeen C.did D.have()2.—Ihavenevervisitedapaperfactory.—_____A.SohaveI. B.SoIhave. C.NeitherhaveI. D.Ihaven’tnow.()3.—Davidhasmadegreatprogressrecently.—_____,and_____.A.Sohehas,soyouhave B.Sohehas,sohaveyouC.Sohashe,sohaveyou D.Sohashe,soyouhave考点六：考察分数的表达法，其构造是分子为基数词，分母为序数词，分子大于1时，分母加s。分数+of+名词可数名词复数谓语动词用复数不可数名词谓语动词用单数典型例题：()1.Therearesixtyteachersinourschool._____ofthemarewomen.Twothird B.Twothrees C.Twothirds D.Secondthree()2.Inourclass_____ofthestudents_____girls.A.thirdfifths,is B.thirdfifth,are C.threefifth,is D.threefifths,are()3.oflandwater.A.Twothird,is B.Twothirds ,are C.Twothirds ,is D.Twothirds,was考点七：反意疑问句：构造：陈述句+简短问句前肯定，后否认前否认，后肯定考察反意疑问句中简短问句局部的时态和人称的单复数要与陈述句局部一致。典型例题：练：1.Thestudentshavecleanedtheclassroom,_____?A.sothey

B.don'tthey

C.havethey

D.haven'tthey2.He’sreadthisbookbefore,________?A.hasn’the

B.doesn’theC.isn’the

D.wasn’the考点八：不定代词和副词不定代词：不指明替代任何特定名词或形容词的代词。大多数不定代词在句中可以做主语、表语、宾语、同位语和定语。可数不可数许多manymuchalotof,lotsof,plentyof一些some,anyafewalittle几乎没有fewlittle每个任何一个全都都不另一个指两者eacheitherbothneither(the)other两者以上each/everyanyallNone/noanothersome-any-no-every-人someoneanyonenoone/noneeveryonesomebodyanybodynobodyeverybody物somethinganythingnothingeverything典型例题：()1.Asweknow,_____ofuslikespollution.noone B.none C.someone D.nothing()2.—Mike,where’stoday’snewspaper?—Well,youdon’tneedtoreaditbecausethereis_____init.A.somethinginteresting B.nothingspecial C.importantthing D.anythingnew()3._____iswatchingTV.Let’sturnifoff.Somebody B.AnybodyC.Everybody D.Nobody()4.Youdon’thaveadrink.CanIgetyou_____?〔2013年河北中考〕A.somethingB.anythingC.nothingD.everything()5.Thereis______wrongwithmybike.Canyoulendmeyours?〔2016唐山一模〕somethingB.anythingC.everythingD.nothing()6.Wehavetwocomputersathome,but_____workswell.〔2016年唐山一模〕A.noneB.eitherC.neitherD.both()7.Iaskedtwostudentsthewaytothepostoffice,but_____ofthemknew.〔2016年保定一模〕A.bothB.eitherC.noneD.neither考点八：连词1.and表示并列或顺承关系or表示选择关系,或者表示“否则〞while表示比照，对照词语新增用法备注andand,

or连接的并列句前半局部是祈使句，后半局部是一般将来时的陈述句时，前半局部相当于由if引导的条件状语从句；and可以不翻译；or常译成“否则〞orwhile连接两个并列句，两个句子构成比照；构造相似；内容比照；but连接两个表示转折的并列句；注意与while(表比照)的区别；典型例题：1.It’sgoingtorain.You’dbettertakeanumbrella_____youmaygetwet.【长沙】A.or B.and C.but2.Ericarrivedontime,______itwastherushhour.【河北】A.although B.because C.while D.unless3.Dianaisn’there,______leaveamessageonherdesk.【河北】A.or B.so C.and D.but4.Don’trunintheclassroom,______youmayhurtyourself.【陕西】A.andB.orC.butD.so5.I’dliketogowithyou,______I’mtoobusy.【北京】A.or B.and C.so D.but6.

He

likes

football

_____

I

like

baseball.

A.althoughB.becauseC.while D.unless7.—Iamreallysorry,______Ican’tgoswimmingwithyouthisSunday.—It’sOK,wecangotogethernexttime.so B.and C.or D.butVictoria,hurryup!_______wecan’tarrivethereontime.〔2016河北中考〕A.OrB.SoC.ButD.And9.Hurryup,_______wewillmissthetrain.〔2016唐山一模〕A.butB.andC.orD.so2.都任何都不两者botheitherneither三者或以上allanynone=1\*GB3①both...and...意为“两者都；既···又···〞〔连接主语时谓语用复数〕e.g.BothKangkangandSusannaareinthatschool.(连接主语〕e.g.IcanbothspeakandwriteEnglish.〔连接谓语〕e.g.IcanspeakbothEnglishandFrench.(连接宾语〕注意：both...and...的否认用neither...nore.g.HecanspeakneitherEnglishnorFrench.=2\*GB3②neither...nor意为“两者都不；既不···也不···〞。〔两者都不〕e.g.NeitherhenorIamfromChina.(连接主语，谓语动词与邻近的主语单复数保持一致〕e.g.IneitherlikeplayingcomputergamesnorlikewatchingTV.(连接谓语〕=3\*GB3③either...or...意为“或···或···；是···还是···；不是···就是···〞〔两者之一〕e.g.Eitheryouorhegoestoschoolbybike.(连接主语，谓语动词与邻近的主语单复数保持一致〕e.g.Youcaneithergotoschoolorstayathome.(连接谓语〕=4\*GB3④notonly...butalso...意为“不但···而且···〞e.g.NotonlyyoubutalsohespeakJapaneseinourclass.(连接主语，谓语动词与邻近的主语单复数保持一致〕e.g.TomnotonlyspeaksEnglishbutalsospeaksJapaneseatschool.(连接谓语〕典型例题：NotonlymyfriendsbutalsoI_______interestedinfootballandMessiisourfavouritestar.A,beB,amC,isD,are---Tim,howdoyourparentslikepopmusic?---_____mydad______mymomlikesit.Theybothpreferclassicalmusic.Either...or...B.Neither...norC.Notonly...butalsoD.Both...and---WhereareyougoingtostaywhenyougettoShanghai?---Imaylive_______inahotel______inafriend’shouse.both;andB,either;orC,neither;norD,notonly;butalsoWehavetwocomputersathome,but_____workswell.〔2016年唐山一模〕A.noneB.eitherC.neitherD.both5.Iaskedtwostudentsthewaytothepostoffice,but_____ofthemknew.〔2016年保定一模〕A.bothB.eitherC.noneD.neither考点九：被动语态一般现在时的被动语态构成：动作承受者+am/is/are+动词过去分词+by+动作执行者。Englishisspokenbymanypeople.很多人都说英语。Historyismadebythepeople.历史是人民创造的。EnglishisspokenasthemainlanguageinAmerican.SpanishisspokenastheofficiallanguageinCuba.△被动语态的句型总结如下：①肯定句:主语+be+过去分词+(by~~).TheboyiscalledJack.②否认句:主语+benot+过去分词+(by~~).Thebabyisnotlookedafterbyhisfather.③一般疑问句:Be+主语+过去分词+(by~~)?IsKingLearwrittenbyShakespeare?④特殊疑问句:特殊疑词+be+过去分词+(by~~)?Whatisthiskindofsweatermadeof?典型例题：Englishiswidelyusedaroundtheworld.Englishisnotwidelyusedaroundtheworld.〔改为否认句〕—IsEnglishwidelyusedaroundtheworld?〔改为一般疑问句〕—Yes,itis./No,itisn’t.〔答复〕WhyisEnglishusedwidely?一般过去时的被动语态was/were+过去分词典型例题：1.Hangzhou________astheCityofSilk.Touristslikeshoppingforsilkthere.〔2017年河北中考A.knowsB.isknownC.wasknownD.willbeknown2.Emilyisgladthatshe________forherhonestyatthatmeeting.〔2016年河北中考〕A.praisesB.praisedC.ispraisedD.waspraised3.Everybody______deeplyaftertheyheardthestory.〔2015河北中考〕A.movesB.movedC.ismovedD.wasmoved4.Tomysurprise,thefamousathlete’sstory________differentlyinthenewspaper.A,wasreportedB,reportedC,wasreportingD,reports5.---Mr.King_______bythereportersyesterday.---He’sgreat!Hehelpedsomanydisabledpeople.A,wasinterviewedB,isinterviewedC,isinterviewing6.WhenTim_______whyhewaslateforschool,hejustkeptsilent.A,wasaskedB,askedC,wasaskingD,isasked7.Thepetdogiswarmandloving.It______asadaughterofmyfamily.〔2014河北中考〕A.treatsB.treatedC.istreatedD.wastreated8.Annie______totheparty.Shehadawonderfultimewithme.〔2013年河北中考〕A.invitesB.isinvitedC.wasinvitedD.hasinvited一般将来时的被动语态根本构造：will+be+过去分词典型例题：Ifitisn’tfinethisweekend,ourspringfieldtrip________.A,iscancelledB,wascancelledC,willbecancelledAnewhospital_______inmytownnextyear.A,buildsB,builtC,isbuiltD,willbebuilt3.Moremoney_______whenweusebothsidesofpaper.〔2012河北中考〕A.willsaveB.wassavedC.hassavedD.willbesaved考点十：用现在进展时表示将来“am/is/are+doing〞是现在进展时的构造，通常表示“现在〞这是时间里“正在〞发生的动作。但是表示暂时性动作的动词，通常情况下，用现在进展时表示将来。常用此方式表达将来的动词有come,go,arrive,leave,start,fly〔乘飞机〕,die等。这类词往往不用begoingto/will的构造典型例题：1.—ThereisgoingtobeanimportantmeetinginBeijingnextweek.〔模拟题〕—That’sright.Andmyboss______forBeijingtoattendit.A.leftB.wasleavingC.isleavingD.leaves.2.—Excuseme,whereareyougoingtomorrow?〔月考题〕—I_______Shanghai.A.amleavingforB.amgoingtoleaveC.amleavingD.leavefor注意：leave,leavefor的区别3.---Mycar______.Couldyoupleasegivemearidetomorrow?---I’msorryIcan’t.I’m________Londontomorrowmorning.A,isnew;leavingB,hasbrokendown;leavingforC,broke;leavingforD,isexpensive;leaving4.---MyfatherandI_______Shanghaitomorrow.---Haveagoodtrip!A,areleavingforB,amleavingforC,areleavingtoD,areleaving考点十一：疑问词+不定式构造重难点：注意区分whattodo和howtodoit的不同，该构造是一个省略了主语的简单构造，但是必须有谓语动词，如果谓语是及物动词，则必须接宾语；这就是为什么whattodo〔do的宾语为〔what〕正确，而howtodo后面必须加it才正确；典型例题：〔1〕—Doyouknow_______?〔月考题〕—At8:00a.m.A.whototalkwithB.whentohaveameetingC.whattodonextD.wheretogoswimming〔2〕Thesetwowatchesarebothnice.Ican’tdecide_______.A.tobuywhichoneB.whichonetobuyC.howtobuyD.whattobuy考点十二：定语从句定义：在复合句中作定语，修饰主句中某一名词或代词的从句，叫做定语从句。被定语从句修饰的词叫先行词，通常位于定语从句之前。引导定语从句的是关系代词that,which,who,whom,whose和关系副词when,where,why。关系代词或关系副词位于先行词和定语从句之间，它既起连接作用，又充当从句中的一个成分。含定语从句的复合句的根本构造：先行词+关系词+定语从句。本单元只需掌握关系代词作主语的情况。关系词作用能否省略先行词that,who主语否人that,which主语否物that主语否人和物典型例题：Thetwohighschoolstudents_______foughtbravelyagainstbadpersonsonthebusinJiangxiwerehighlypraised.A,whoB,whomC,whichD,whoseTherearesomewords_______cancrosscountriesandcultures,suchas“OK〞,“Huh〞and“mama〞.A,whatB,whichC,/D.WhomYesterdaywasmybirthday.Igotawatch_______wasmadeinSwitzerland〔瑞士〕.A,whoB,thatC,whereD,whom---Doyouknowthelittleboy______ishelpingtheoldmancrosstheroad?---No.Buthowniceheis!A,whichB,whoC,whomD/Theplanet_______lookslikearedandorangeballisMars.〔月考题〕A.whoB.whichC.thatD.BandC备注：加粗的地方为重点，请大家格外注意。二、易错点()1.—Hello!MayIspeaktoAlice? —Sorry,she_____Shanghai. A.havegoneto B.hasbeento C.hasbeenin D.hasgoneto()2.—Haveyou_____haddumplings? —No,not_____. A.ever,yet B.ever,ever C.yet,yet D.yet,ever()3.Ididn’thave_____tosay,soIsaid_____. A.something,anything B.anything,nothing C.anything,something D.nothing,something()4.—Chinahasalargepopulation. —So________.So_______India. A.doesit;has B,itdoes;does C,ithas;isD,isit;does()5.Therearefiftystudentsinourclass,_____ofus_____football. A.twothird,likes B.twothree,like C.twothirds,likes D.twothirds,like()6._______Ihadnotimetotravel,_______Istillfeltveryhappy.A.Though;butB.Though;/C.Though;soD.So;but()7.Weshouldoftenkeep_____touchwitheachother,becausewearegoodfriends. A.on B.to C.in D.up()8.Moreandmoretreeswerecutdown._____,manyanimalsaredyingout. A.Intheend B.Sothat C.Asaresult D.Atlast()9.—Howmanystudentsarethereintheclassroom? —_____Idon’tknowwheretheyhavegone. A.Noone. B.None. C.Nobody. D.Nothing.()10.—We’llmakeatriptoHainanIslandnextweekend.Willyougowithus? —No,Ican’t_____itatpresent. A.afford B.save C.offer D.accept()11.Ihearthatanotherbiglibrary______intheirschoolintwoyears.A,willbebuiltB,isbuildingC,wasbuilt()12.Ilikethewriters_______arepopularamongteenagers.A,whoB,whichC,whom()13.Theshop_______sellsflowersisattheendofthestreet.A,whoB,whereC,which()14.He______getthereintime,butIcan’tbesure.A,mustB,mightC,hastoD,needs()15.Mr.White______toworkbybus,butnowheoftenwalkstotheoffice.A,getusedB,isusedC,usedtogoD,isusedgoing()16.Anewmovie______nextweek.Iwouldliketowatchit.A,wasshownB,isshownC,willshowD,willbeshown()17.IgotuplatethismorningandImissedthelastbus.________,Ileftmykeysandmobilephoneathome.A.What’sbetterB.ForinstanceC.What’sworseD.What’swrong()18.WehopeCarl_______hisdream.A,realizeB,torealizeC,willrealizeD,realized()19.It_______twoyearssincewevisitedBeijinglasttime.A,hasbeenB,hasC,beD,willbe()20.Iboughtacamera_______wasmadeinGermanyyesterday.A,whichB,whoC,whomD,what三、固定搭配havebeento去过某地，已经回来了hasgoneto去某地，还没有回来keepintouchwithsb.与……保持联系makeprogress取得进步〔progress不可数〕succeedindoingsth.成功做某事takemeasurestodosth.采取措施做某事millionsof数以百万计withapopulationof...有...人口be/getusedtodoingsth.习惯于做某事beusedtodosth.=beusedfordoingsth.被用来做某事usedtodo过去常常makeacontributiontosth/doingsth.为……作奉献encouragesb.todosth.鼓励某人做某事therebe...doing...某地某物正在做某事beharmfulto对……有害=doharmtostopsb./sth.(from)doingsth.=preventsb./sth.(from)doingsth.阻止……做某事keepsb./sth.fromdoingsth.阻止……做某事〔from不能省略〕blowaway吹走washaway冲走takeaway拿走，取走anumberof大量的〔谓语用复数〕thenumberof...的数量〔谓语用单数〕noneofus+三单没有一个人avoiddoingsth./sth.防止做某事can’twaittodo迫不及待做某事besimilarto与……相似，与……相像havetrouble(in)doingsth.做某事有麻烦see…off给某人送行askforaride请求搭车givesb.aride让某人搭车whenever=nomatterwhen无论何时wherever=nomatterwhere无论哪里becomparedto…被比作…becomparedwith把…和做比照feelsleepy感觉昏昏欲睡fallasleep睡着wouldratherdothandosth.宁愿…也不愿…preferdoingtodoing喜欢…胜于喜欢…feellikedoingsth.想要做某事forcertain确定，确信beafraidofdoingsth.害怕做某事〔担忧，防止不了〕beafraidtodosth.不敢做某事〔害怕，胆小，可以防止〕keepadiary写日记darenot=daren’t不敢〔此为情态动词〕agreewithsb.同意某人的意见aslongas只要…bepleasedwith…对…感到满意givesb.someadviceon..给某人一些有关…的建议sticktodoingsth.坚持做某事practicedoingsth.练习做某事betranslatedinto…被翻译成…attimes有时候be

used

as…被作为…而用onone’sown单独，单独beproudof…=takepridein为…骄傲Thereisnodoubtthat…毫无疑问…can’twaittodosht.迫不及待做某事warnsb.(not)todosth.警告某人〔不要〕做某事forinstance例如weigh+