2023新课标版英语高考第二轮复习-专题十一 推理判断

2023新课标版英语高考第二轮复习

专题十一推理判断

Passage1

TheHearClearGoRechargeableDigitalHearingAidisapopularmemberofourrechargeablehearing

aidfamilyfbragoodreason:Itcombinesgreatperformancewithincrediblevalue!Thishearingaidfeatures

advancedthird-generationdigitaltechnologyatanunbelievablyaffordableprice.TheGoispackedwiththe

samekeytechnologiesthatallhigh-enddigitalhearingaidssharewhileleavingouttheextrafancybellsand

whistlesthatincreasecostsandrequireexpensiveadjustments.WiththeGo,you'llhearclearlywhilesavinga

lotofmoney.

WiththeGo'sincludedchargingstation,youwon'thavetokeepbuyingandreplacingtinyhearingaid

batteries!You'lllovethelightweightdesign.TheGoispre-programmedfbrmostmoderatetosignificant

hearinglosses—nocostlyprofessionaladjustmentsneeded.Theyareshippeddirectlytoyouandwillhelpyou

hearbetterrightoutofthebox!

Youcanspendthousandsonanexpensivehearingaid,oryoucanspendjust$239onahearingaidthatis

greatformosthearinglosses(only$199eachwhenyoubuyapair-hearupto3timesbetterthanwearing

justone).Wearesosureyouwillloveyourhearingaids.Weoffera100%MoreyBack

Guarantee—Risk-freeifyouarenotsatisfiedfbranyreason.Nocostlyprofessionalappointmentsneeded!

Withourfreetelecare,youcancallourfriendlyandcaringstafffromthecomfortandsafetyofyourhometo

discussyourhearingaidcare.

l.WhatdoweknowabouttheGo?

A.Itspriceisunbelievablylow.

B.Itfeaturesfancybellsandwhistles.

C.Itincludesachargingstation.

D.Itneedsexpensiveprofessionaladjustments.

2.Howmuchshouldyoupaytobuyapair?

A.S239.B.$478,C.$199.D.$398.

3.VVhereisthetextmostlikelyfrom?

A.Amagazine.

B.Aresearchpaper.

第I页共116页

C.Atravelbrochure.

D.Ascientificjournal.

答案

［语篇解读］语篇类型:应用文。主题语境:人与社会。主旨：一款数码助听器的特点、价格和售后服

务。

1.C细节理解题。根据文章第二段中“WiththeGo'sincludedchargingstation,youwon'thavetokeep

buyingandreplacingtinyhearingaidbatteries!”可知,theGo包含充电站。

2.D细节理解题。根据第三段中“onlyS199eachwhenyoubuyapair—hearupto3timesbetterthan

wearingjustone”可知，买一对助听器时，一只仅需要支付199美元，两只就是398美元。

3.A推理判断题。本文是一篇广告，可能出自杂志。

Passage2

Iwasalwaysareader.Asakid,Iwalkedtothelibraryseveraltimesaweekandstayeduplatereading

withatorch.IdidmyundergraduatedegreeinEnglishandwentontogetamaster'sinliterature.WhenI

createdmyonlineprofile,Imademyscreenname“missbibliophile”.Fillingoutthe^favoritebooks“section,

Iletmytasteinliteraturespeakforme:OneHundredYearsofSolitude,AMoveableFeast,WhiteTeeth,The

Namesake,TheKnownWorld.

ButIrealizedithadbeenmorethantwoyearssinceIhadreadmostofthosetitles.Ihadstoppedreading

gradually,thewayonehealsordies.

Davidwasmyonlinefriend.Hisprofilesaidhelikedtoread,soIaskedhimabouthislastbook.Hisface

litupandhisfingersdanced.ItoldhimIonlyreadonebookthatyear.t4Butit'sJune.Readabook!”hesaid.

Iwaspainfullyawareoftheglaringhypocrisy（虚伪）inmylife.Idefendedthevirtuesofbookstoresin

theageofonlineretailingandboughtbooks,andtheysatoneverysurfaceuntilmyhouseappearedtowear

booksthewayonewearsclothes.

Hissuggestionof“readingabook^^echoedinmyhead.Oneafternoon,IpickeduponeI'dboughtonly

foritspoetictitle.Ihadahardtimegettingintoit.WheneverIwastemptedtogiveuponit,Ithoughtof

David.IpushedthroughthefirsttwochaptersanddiscoveredanewnarratorandIlovedthealternatingpoints

ofview.Ireadatlunchandonmywalkhome,occasionallyliftingmyeyestoavoidstrangersandtheuneven

roadsurface.Istayeduplateandfinishedthebook.

第2页共116页

Ifeltgreatandproudofmyself.ThelasttimeI'dpulledanall-nightertoread,Iwas12.1felthewas

pushingmetobemoreofthepersonIusedtobe.

l.Whydidtheauthorpurposelylistmanyclassicsinherprofile?

A.Toshowhertaste.

B.Tolistthebooksshehadread.

C.Tofillouttheform.

D.Toindicateherability.

2.HowmuchdoweknowaboutDavid?

A.Heisinterestedindancing.

B.Heisexcitedaboutbooks.

C.HeiscuriousabouttheInternet.

D.Heispatientwithstrangers.

3.Howdidtheauthortrytoappearfbndofreading?

A.Byrefusingonlinebooks.

B.Bydecoratingherhousewithbooks.

C.Bywanderingaboutbookstores.

D.Byconstantlybuyingdifferenthooks.

4.Whydidtheauthorfeelproudofherself?

A.Shestayedupallnight.

B.Shefinishedreadingabook.

C.Sheregainedpassionforbooks.

D.Davidpushedhertoread.

答案

［语篇解读］语篇类型:记叙文。主题语境:人与自我。主旨:作者重获对阅读的热爱。

1.A推理判断题。根据第一段中“Iletmytasteinliteraturespeakforme”可推知，作者罗列很多名著的目

的是显示自己对文学的品味。

2.B细节理解题。根据第三段中“Hisprofilesaidhelikedtoread,soIaskedhimabouthislastbook.His

facelitupandhisfingersdanced.”可知,David是个热爱读书的人。

第3页共116页

3.D细节理解题。由文章第四段中“Idefendedthevirtuesofbookstoresintheageofonlineretailingand

boughtbooks,andtheysatoneverysurfaceuntilmyhouseappearedtowearbooksthewayonewears

clothes.”可知，作者通过买不同的书回家以显示自己似乎喜欢阅读。

4.C推理判断题。根据最后一段中“IfelthewaspushingmetobemoreofthepersonIusedtobe.“可知，

作者感到自豪,是因为重拾对读书的热爱。

长难句Idefendedthevirtuesofbookstoresintheageofonlineretailingandboughtbooks,andtheysaton

everysurfaceuntilmyhouseappearedtowearbooksthewayonewearsclolhes.在网上零售的时代,我为书

店的优点辩白并买书，它们占据了每个表面，直到我的房子看起来像一个人穿着衣服一样到处摆满了书。

本句为并列复合句。句中第二个and连接并列分句，在第二个分句中until引导时间状语从句,在时间

状语从句中theway引导方式状语从句。

Passage3

Theotherday,Iwaspurchasingsomegiftsinastore.Standingatthecounterwasanelderlyladywho

immediatelydrewmyattention.Shelookedtobeatmymother'sage.Ismiledatherwhilenoticinghershock

ofwhitehair,clearblueeyesbehindherglassesandthegentlesmile.

Shesmiledbackandasked,"What'syourname?'，replied,4tSeena.Whafsyours?^^Heranswerwas

“Whaialovelyname.MynameisRose.”

Afterputtingawayherwallet,Rosesearchedthroughherbagandwasn'thavinganeasytime.Sheasked

me,“Wouldyoumindhelpingmelookforsomethinginmybag?It'ssoheavy,andIcanneverfindanything.^^

Rosewasmeltingmyheart.

'Sure.Whatareyoulookingfdr?”Iasked.Shereplied,needtofindmytelephonebooksoIcancalla

taxi."Iaskedherwhereshewasgoing,andRoserespondedwith“SimpsonHouse”.Ifeltawarmconnection

withmynewacquaintanceandsaid,“IpassrightbySimpsonHouse.Tdbehappytodriveyouhome.^^Rose

respondedjokingly,t4AreyousureI'magoodperson?”Ireplied,4tIamassureasIcanbe.Lefsgo.”

WewalkedouttomycarandIopenedthedoorforher.Shesaid,"I'mOKgettinginbutIneedsome

helpwiththeseatbclt.^^Itremindedmeofallthetimesmymomwaitedformyassistancetogetintomycar.

WhenIwasdriving,Rosesaid,44Inallmyyears,nobodyeverofferedtogivemearide.Ifeelblessedto

knowyou.^^Rosedidmostofthetalking,andwelaughedalot.

第4页共116页

Wearrivedatherplace.Igotoutofthecartomeetheronthepassenger'ssideandtoopenherdoor.She

said,**Icangetout."Rose'spartingwordswere“IhopeIseeyouagain,“andminewere“Iwouldlikethat.**

Withawave,webothleft.

l.VVhywasRosemeltingSeena'sheart?

A.Roselookedelegantandpowerful.

B.Seenafelttrustedbyastranger.

C.RosepraisedSeenaforthelovelyname.

D.SeenawashappytobeyoungerthanRose.

2.WhatwasRosetryingtofindinherbag?

A.Herwallet.B.Hercellphone.

C.Hcrglasses.D.Hcrtelephonebook.

3.WhydidSeenamentionherownmother?

A.TostressRose'spositivelife.

B.Toshowherloveforhermother.

C.ToimplyRosewasingreatneedofhelp.

D.Toremindherselftocaremoreabouthermother.

4.WhatkindofpersonisRose?

A.Helpfulandserious.

B.Honestandoptimistic.

C.Consideraleandambitious.

D.Humorousandindependent.

答案

［语篇解读］语篇类型:记叙文。主题语境:人与社会。主旨:Seena在商店里遇到并结识了Rose,她虽然

年事己高，但有着非常积极的人生态度。

1.B推理判断题。根据第三段可知,Rose融化了Seena的心是因为Rose请求Seena帮忙在包里找东

西,Seena觉得自己被一个陌生人信任了,

2.D细节理解题。根据第四段中“IneedtofindmytelephonebooksoIcancallataxi.”可知,Rose在找她

的电话本。

3.A推理判断题。根据第一段中“Shelookedtobeatmymothersage.Ismiledatherwhilenoticingher

shockofwhitehair,clearblueeyesbehindherglassesandthegentlesmile.”以及第五段中“PmOKgettingin

第5页共116页

butIneedsomehelpwiththeseatbelt."和"Itremindedmeofallthetimesmymomwaitedfbrmyassistance

togetintomycar.”可推知,Seena提到和Rose年龄相仿的母亲是为了凸显Rose在这个年纪，人生态度很

积极。

4.D推理判断题。根据第四段中“Roserespondedjokingly,4ArcyousureI'magoodperson?’”以及最后一

段中“Shesaid,icangetout.’"可推知,Rose幽默且独立。

Passage4

Likemanyparentsworkingfromhoinewhiletheirkidsarelearningremotely,we'vebeenlookingfor

creativewaystoconnectwithourchildren—andnowherehasthisbeentruerthaninthekitchen.

Kitchenscience,asLizHeinecke,authorofKitchenScienceLabfbrKidscallsit,doesn'trequireany

fancyequipmentoringredients（原料）一and,bestofall,intheeraofremoteeducation,wecancombine

sciencelessonswitheverydaymealpreparations.Ryhelpingwithcooking,kidscanengageinlively,

project-basedlessons.Actually,eventheeasiestrecipesincludebothsimpleandcomplexscientificconcepts.

Kitchenscienceisn'tjustaboutwhatwc'rccooking.Ifsalsoaboutunderstandingwhyit'sworthtaking

thetimetofigureouthowingredientsandtemperatureinteractandwhysubstancesbehavethewaytheydo.

Everyoneinvolvedwilllearnsomething.

Forexample,weallknowoilandwaterdon'tmixeasily,butwecanchangethisbyaddingmustard（芥

末酱）totheoilandwatertomakeasaladdressing.Thisisanopportunitytoteachkidsaboutthescienceof

emulsions（乳剂）.Addinglemonjuicetoavegetablestopsthatvegetablefromturningbrown;cabbage

changescolorwhenyouaddvinegartoit.Bothofthosephenomenaaretheresultofchemicalreactions.Inthe

classroom,itcanbehardtoseehowscientificconceptswillbeappliedoutsidethelab.Butwhenkidssee

theseconceptsworkintherealworld,thatsparkscuriosityandlearning.

“Everytimeyoustepintoyourkitchentocook,youputsciencetowork.Infact,physicsandchemistry

comeintoplaywheneveryousteam,bake,freezeorboil.Thus,everytimeyoustepintothekitchen,it'san

opponunityforeveryonetolearnmoreaboutscienceJLizHeineckesaid.

l.VVhatareparentsexpectedtodointhekitchen?

A.Askkidstocookamealontheirown.

B.Doscientificexperimentsinthekitchen.

C.Payattentiontocookingingredients.

D.Combinescientificconceptswithrecipes.

第6页共116页

2.Whatdoesthefourthparagraphindicate?

A.Rawmaterialsareimportantinthekitchen.

B.Procedurestocookdinnermustbefollowed.

C.Cookingcaninspirekids1interestinstudyingscience.

D.Familyeducationismoreimportantthanschooleducation.

3.WhatcanwelearnfromLizHeinecke'swords?

A.Cookingcanbenefitbothkidsandparents.

B.Parentsneedtomasterdifferentcookingskills.

C.Labexperimentscanberepeatedathome.

D.Schoolsshouldoffercookingcourses.

4.Whatdoestheauthorintendtotellusinthetext?

A.Topracticehealthyeatinghabits.

B.Tolearnfoodscienceoutofthelab.

C.Toturnmealpreparationsintofamilylearning.

D.Toteachkidssomerecipesforcookinginthekitchen.

答案

［语篇解读］语篇类型:说明文。主题语境:人与自我。主旨:让厨房成为孩子和父母学习更多科学知

识的地方。

1.D推理判断题。根据第二段中“wecancombinesciencelessonswitheverydaymealpreparations...even

theeasiestrecipesincludebothsimpleandcomplexscientificconcepts”可推知、家长在厨房里可以将科学课

程中的科学概念与日常做饭的食谱结合起来。

2.C推理判断题。根据第四段中“Butwhenkidsseetheseconceptsworkintherealworld,thatsparks

curiosityandlearning”可推知，第四段通过举例表明科学概念与烹饪结合可以激发孩子们学习科学的兴

趣。

3.A细节理解题。根据最后一段中“Thus,evetytimeyoustepintothekitchen,it'sanopportunityfbr

everyonetolearnmoreaboutscience”可推知，烹饪对孩子和父母来说都是学习更多科学知识的机会，孩子

和父母都能获益。

4.C推理判断题。通读全文并结合最后一段可推知，作者想要告诉我们厨房可以成为学习更多科学知识

的地方，应该把做饭变成家庭学习的机会。

第7页共116页

Passage5

Whereverontheglobeshemaybe,humanitarianNyamayarokeepsclosetohernativeAfricabycarrying

ayellowdress."Itremindsmeofthebright,beautifulAfricanskyIusedtoseeinmysmallvillage,shetells

People.Nyamayaroslifepathwasn'talwayssohigh-profile.Growingup,sheassumedshe'dspendherlife

contributingtohervillage,andfarminginthefieldsliketheotherwomenaroundher.Butachanceencounter

withaUnitedNationsworkerthatcameamidaseveredroughtalteredthatpathforever.

“Iwillneverforgetthatday,“Nyamayarosays.UAchilddiedfromhungereveryfiveseconds,andI

almostbecameoneofthosechildren.AseveredroughthadhitourvillagewhenIturned8yearsoldand

suddenly,myparadisechangedovernightandtherewasnothingtoeatordrink.IthoughtIwasgoingtodie.It

feltliketherewasnowayofgettingoutofthis.Butthenthisincrediblethinghappened.AnAfrican,whowas

aIJnitedNationshumanitarian,foundme,andgavemeahowlofporridgethatsavedmylifb."Thechance

encounterprovidedmorethanjustlifesavingnourishment—itopenedthedoorsastowhatcouldbepossible

fbrher,whoimmediatelysethersightsonworkingfbrtheUnitedNationsjustlikehersavior.

UIthoughtIwantedtobelikeher,sothatonedayIcouldchangethelivesofothers.I'msogratefulfor

thatmomentwhichwasverydevastating,becauseitgavemylifesomuchmeaningandpurpose.Thewoman

showedmewhatwaspossible.Sometimesonemomentcanreallychangeyourentirelifb.”

JustastheUnitedNationsworkeropenedhereyestoopportunitiespreviouslyunknown,Nyamayaro

hopesgirlsfromAfricacandothesameforchildrengrowingupinvillagesjustlikeher,assheknowsher

storyisnotunique.

l.VVhyisayellowdressmentionedinparagraph1?

A.Itstandsforherbrightfuture.

B.Ithighlightsherpersonalpreference.

C.Itisrelatedtothesceneryofherhometown.

D.Itistheluckycolorofherhometown.

2.WhydidNyamayarowanttobeahumanitarian?

A.Togetridofthepovertyassoonaspossible.

B.Toshouldertheresponsibilityofhelpingothers.

C.Toseekforchancestobroadenhermind.

D.Tosetanexampletothewholecountry.

第8页共116页

3.WhatdoesNyamayaro'scareerstorytellus?

A.Fameisagreatthirstoftheyoung.

B.Successmeansgettingaperson'sdesiressatisfied.

C.Upsanddownsmakeonestrong.

D.Whsrethere'sawillthere'saway.

4.Whereisthispassagemostlikelyfrom?

A.Amagazine.B.Anovel.

C.Abrochure.D.Aguidebook.

答案

［语篇解读］语篇类型:记叙文。主题语境:人与社会。主旨:人道主义者Nyamayar。小时候得到别人的

帮助,这件事对她影响很大，让她下定决心以后去帮助别人。

1.C推理判断题。根据第一段中“humanitarianNyamayarokeepsclosetohernativeAfricabycarryinga

yellowdress.*Itremindsmeofthebright,beautifulAfricanskyIusedtoseeinmysmallvillage/shetells

People"可推断,Nyamayaro的黄色连衣裙能使她联想到家乡的景色。

2.B推理判断题。根据第二、三段可知，一个人道主义者帮助了Nyamayaro这件事让她想要去帮助别

人，所以Nyamayaro想成为人道主义者去帮助别人。

3.D推理判断题。根据最后一段“JustastheUnitedNationsworkeropenedhereyestoopportunities

previouslyunknown,NyamayarohopesgirlsfromAfricacandothesamefbrchildrengrowingupinvillages

justlikeher,assheknowsherstoryisnotunique.”和文章的描述可知Nyamayaro成为人道主义者帮助他

人是因为受到帮助她的人的影响，下定决心要去做这件事，并且成功了，所以D项“有志者事竟成”是这个

故事要告诉我们的道理。

4.A推理判断题。根据文章描述可知，本文主要讲述人道主义者Nyamayai•。小时候得到别人的帮助，这

件事对她影响很大，让她下定决心以后去帮助别人。这种励志故事最有可能出现在杂志上，故选A项。

长难句JustastheUnitedNationsworkeropenedhereyestoopportunitiespreviouslyunknown,

NyamayarohopesgirlsfromAfricacandothesameforchildrengrowingupinvillagesjustlikeher,asshe

knowsherstoryisnotunique.正如这位联合国工作人员打开了她的眼界，让她看到了以前不知道的机

会,Nyamayaro希望来自非洲的女孩也能为就像她一样在农村长大的孩子们做同样的事情,因为她知道她

的故事并非独一无二。

本句为主从复合句。句中第一个as引导方式状语从句,第二个as引导原因状语从句,girlsfromAfrica

candothesameforchildrengrowingupinvillagesjustlikeher作动词hopes的宾语，其前省略了连词thato

第9页共116页

Passage6

Ifyouweretothrowabananapeeloutofyourcarwhiledrivingalongthemotorway,thatwouldbea

completelyharmlessaction,duetothefactthatit'spartofafruit—right?Actually,no.Abananapeelcantake

uptotwoyearstobenaturallyprocessed,andwithathirdofmotoristsadmittingtolitteringwhiledriving,

that'sawholelotofdiscardedbananapeels.Anorangepeel,aswellasacigarettebutt,hasasimilar

biodegrading（生物降解）termtothatofabananapeel,buttincanslastupto100years;andplasticbottleslast

forever,asdoglassbottles.

Despitethefactthatlonger-lastingmaterialswillservetodamagetheenvironmentanditsanimalsfbr

longer,wecan*tmerelymeasuretheseverityofacertaintypeofrubbishbyitslifetime.Forexample,despite

havingafairlyshortlengthofbiodegradingtime,morethan120tonsofcigarette-relatedlitterisdiscardedin

theUKeveryday.

It'snotacheaphabiteither:TokeepthestreetscleanannuallycostsUKtaxpayers£500million,and

whenyouincludethegreenspaces,thatgoesupto£Ibillion.So,it'snotsurprisingthatifcaughtfly-tipping

youcouldfacea£20,000fineorevenjailtimeand,ifyoudisposedofsomethingdangerous,thecourtcould

giveyoufiveyearstoserve.Regardlessofhowseverethesepunishmentsmightseem,however,amongthe

reportedcasesonly2,000werefoundguiltyoutof825,000,sowestillhavealongwaytogoinmakingsure

peopleobeytherules.

1.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“discarded“inpara.1mean?

A.Harmless.B.Processed.

C.Thrown.D.Long-lasting.

2.Whichofthefollowinghasthelongestbiodegradingterm?

A.Glassbottles.B.Tincans.

C.Cigarettebutts.D.Bananapeels.

3.VVhatcanweknowfromthepassage?

A.Theseverityofrubbishcanbemeasuredbyitslifetime.

B.Quiteafewpeoplewerefoundguiltyofillegallylittering.

C.EveryyearUKtaxpayersspend500millionpoundskeepingstreetsfreeofdirt.

D.Cigarette-relatedlitterandpeelscanbeignoredfbrtheirfairlyshortlifetime.

4.Whatisthepurposeofthepassage?

第10页共116页

A.Toinformreadersofdifferentbiodegradingterms.

B.Tocallforpeoplenottolitterillegally.

C.Toencouragepeopletousefewerplasticbags.

D.Tostresstheimportanceofgoodbehavior.

答案

［语篇解读］语篇类型:说明文。主题语境:人与自然。主旨:作者呼吁人们不要乱扔垃圾。

1.C推测词义题。根据上文“Ifyouweretothrowabananapeeloutofyourcarwhiledrivingalongthe

motorway,thatwouldbeacompletelyharmlessaction,duetothefactthatit'spartofafruit-right?”中的

“throw”推断出discarded表示thrown的意思。

2.A细节理解题。根据第一段中“Anorangepeel,aswellasacigarettebutt,hasasimilarbiodegrading(生

物降解)termtothatofabananapeel,buttincanslastupto100years;andplasticbottleslastforever,asdo

glassbottles.”可知,glassbottles的生物降解时间最长。

3.C推理判断题。根据最后一段中“TokeepthestreetscleanannuallycostsUKtaxpayers£500miHion”

可知每年英国纳税人需花费五亿英镑来朵持街道干净。

4.B推理判断题。根据全文所述，作者的写作目的在于号召人们不要乱扔垃圾。

Passage7

We'veallbeenthere,whenareallyessentialitemthatyouhadtoorderonlinearrivesinsuchan

unbelievableamountofpackagingthatitmakesyoufeellikeit'sanunpreparedgameofpassingtheparcel.

It'smadeevenworsebythefactthatsomeofthepackagingcan'tberecycled.Infact,10milliontonnes

ofpackagingwasteareproducedintheUKeveryyear.Alotofthisendsupinlandfill,two-thirdsofwhich

couldhaveinsteadbeenrecycled.

Thegoodnews,however,isthathowpackagingwasteismanagedisinfbraBIGshake-upinlinewith

the“polluterpaysprinciple^^.Byplacingthemainpointofdutytopayonbrandowners,theywillbe

encouragedtochoosemoresustainablepackagingoptionswhicharerecyclableandreusableasmuchas

possible.Otherwise,theywillhavetopayhigherfees.

ThisisasystemknownasExtendedProducerResponsibility(EPR)—meaningthatthosewhohave

controloverpackagingdesigndecisionswillbeencouragedtodotherightthingfortheplanetatthe

beginningandconsiderwhathappensattheendofthepackaging'slifefromthestart.

第11页共116页

Whatthismeansisthatinsteadoflocalauthoritiespickingupthebillforhouseholdwastemanagement,

companieswillhavetopayformanagingyourhouseholdpackagingwaste,andtheywillbemetwiththe

associatedlittlecoststoo.

And,asanaddedbonus,thenewEPRlawsonpackagingwillalsomeanthatproducersarerequiredto

putclearmandatory（强制性的）labellingonpackaging.Forexample,thiscouldbe“RECYCLE"or“DO

NOTRECYCLE”.Ofcourse,wehopethatthe"DONOTRECYCLE^^categorylabellingistheminority.Itis

aimedthatby2030,78%ofpackagingwillberecycledintheUK.

l.Whatcanweknowfromthefirsttwoparagraphs?

A.Two-thirdsofpackagingwasteisrecycled.

B.Over-packagingisoftenthecaseinlife.

C.Thcqualityofgoodscannotbeguaranteed.

D.Onlineshoppingisgettinglesspopular.

2.Whowillberesponsiblefbrpayingpackagingwastecostsaccordingtothelaw?

A.Designers.B.Producers.

C.Customers.D.Localauthorities.

3.WhatcantheEPRlawsleadthebrandownerstodo?

A.Payhighertaxesandrecyclepackagingwaste.

B.Putclearlabellingonpackagingandpromotesales.

C.Cutpackagingwasteandimprovepackagingrecycling.

0.Followthepackagingdesigntrendandtherightthings.

4.Whatcanbelearnedabouttheitemsorderedonlineinthefuture?

A.Theirlabellingonpackagingwillbesimpleandgenerous.

B.Themajorityoftheirpackagingneedn'tberecycled.

C.Theywillbeofhighqualityandinexpensive.

D.They'llarriveintherightamountofrecyclablepackaging.

答案

［语篇解读］语篇类型:说明文。主题语境:人与自然。主旨:为应对过度包装和包装不能回收利用的

问题而制定的环保政策EPR和它可能带来的影响与作用。

第12页共116页

1.B推理判断题。根据第一段中“insuchanunbelievableamountofpackaging”和第二段中“10million

tonnesofpackagingwasteareproducedintheUKeveryyear”可推知，第一、二段告诉我们过度包装在生活

中是常有的事。

2.B细节理解题。根据第三段中“inlinewiththepolluterpaysprinciple'”和第五段中“companieswill

havetopayfbrmanagingyourhouseholdpackagingwaste”可知,按照新的法律，污染者,即产品生产者，将负

责支付包装垃圾处理费用。

3.C细节理解题。根据第三段中“theywillbeencouragedtochoosemoresustainablepackagingoptions

whicharerecyclableandreusable”和最后一段中“thenewEPRlawsonpackagingwillalsomeanthat

producersarerequiredtoputclearmandatory（强制性的）labellingonpackaging”可知，新的EPR法令会促

使品牌所有者减少包装浪费，改善包装回收利用状况。

4.D推理判断题。根据第六段中“Ofcourse,wchopethatthe4DONOTRECYCLE,categorylabellingis

theminority.Itisaimedthatby2030,78%ofpackagingwillberecycledintheUK.”可推知，未来网上订购

的商品将用合适数量的可回收包装打包递送。

长难句Whatthismeansisthatinsteadoflocalauthoritiespickingupthebillfbrhouseholdwaste

management,companieswillhavetopayformanagingyourhouseholdpackagingwaste,andtheywillbemet

withtheassociatedlittlecoststoo.这意味着，不是由地方政府来为家庭垃圾管理买单，而是公司必须为家庭

包装垃圾的管理买单，并承担相关的少量费用。

本句为并列复合句，句中what引导主语从句,that引导表语从句，在表语从句中连词and连接并列分

句。

Passage8

ChinesescientistshaveidentifiedanewproteinthatrestrictsHIVinfection,adiscoverythatcouldpave

thewayfbrthedevelopmentofnewdrugsagainstthevirus.Theprotein,P-selectinglycoproteinligand1

（PSGL-1）,whichexistsinhumancells,caninhibit（抑制）IheprocessbywhichHIVreproduces,accordingto

researchpublishedinthesciencejournalNatureMicrobiologythismonth.

However,thestudyalsoshowedthatPSGL-1canbenegativelyaffectedbyVpu-anaccessory（附属）

proteinofHIV—whichcanneutralizetheabilityofPSGL-1toresistHIV.Furtherresearchisunderwayto

developadrugthatcaninhibittheHIVproteinsothatPSGL-1canrestrictHIV,accordingtoTanXu,a

researcheratTsinghuaUniversity'sSchoolofPharmaceuticalSciences,aleadingauthorofthestudy.

第13页共116页

SeveralotherproteinsinhumancellsthatcouldresistHIVhavebeendiscoveredoverthepast10years,

buttheviruscanalsoevade（避开）them.PSGL-1showsparticularpromiseinthatitcaninhibitHIVin

multipleways-especiallybyblockingtheinfectiousnessofvirusoffspring,Tansaid.

“Wcarcstartingtoresearchintosmallmolecule（分子）compoundsinthehopeoffindingonethatcan

restorePSGL-1'santi-HIVfunction.Inthisway,wecandevelopaveryeffectiveantiviraldrugforpeople

withHIV/A1DS,"hesaid.Tansaiditwillrequireatleastthreetofiveyearsfortheresearchtoreachthe

preclinicalstage,andmoretimeafterthatbeforeaclinicaltrialispossible.Theresearchwasconductedby

researchersatTsinghuaUniversityinBeijing,FudanUniversityinShanghaiandGeorgeMasonUniversityin

theUnitedStates.

ExistingtreatmentmethodsforpeoplewithHIV/AIDS,whichmostlyrelyonacombinationofdifferent

drugs,canpreventthediseasefromprogressingbutcannotcureit,andlong-termuseofdrugscanresultin

drugresistance.

Anestimated37millionpeopleintheworldlivewithHIV,accordingtotheJointUnitedNations

ProgrammeonHIV/AIDS.Thestudyprovidesnewleadstodevelopingantiviraldrugs,TsinghuaUniversity

saidinastatement.

l.VVhatcanwelearnaboutPSGL-1fromthepassage?

A.BoththeproteinPSGL-1andtheproteinVpuareHIVproteins.

B.PSGL-1canrestrictthefunctionoftheproteinVpu.

C.PSGL-Tsmoleculecompoundshavebeenidentified.

D.TheproteinPSGL-1functionsbetterthanothersinresistingHIV.

2.Whatcanweinferfromthelastthreeparagraphs?

A.TheexistingtreatmentforAIDSarefarfromperfect.

B.Itwillbeadecadebeforetheantiviraldrugsisputonthemarket.

C.Americanscientistsplayedaleadingroleintheresearch.

D.HIV/AIDSwillnolongerbeadeadlyproblemowingtothenewdiscovery.

3.Whatisthemainideaofthepassage?

A.ThereisalongwaytogobeforecuringAIDS.

B.Morepeoplearefacedwiththe