2021广东韶关市高考英语自选练习(4)及答案

2021广东韶关市高考英语自选练习（4）及答案语法填空。阅读下面短文，依据句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，在空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中词语的正确形式填空。I,asaprofessorofbiology,learnedsomuchaboutthemeatanddairyindustry.Iwasupset16Ilearnedaboutthewaymanyoftheanimalsraisedforfoodaretreated.17thingslikemilkfromcowstreatedwithhormones(激素)haven'tproventocauseproblemsforpeople,Iwasn'tsureIwantedtoputthat18mybody.Ilearnedthat,onceuponatime,19wholefoodspeopleateintheirdailylifehadnoaddedchemicals.Nowwehave.grocerystores20havealotofprocessed"food".Ianalyzedtheseprocessed-foodlabels,21(confuse)aboutthealien-likechemicalsinthefoodIwasconsuming.WhatonearthwasIeatingandwhatwasitdoingtomybody?22(strange),thesechemicalsaren'tfoundinnature.Theyare23(find)inchemistrylabs.Processedfoodscomefromfactories.24aretakenoutoftheirnaturalformsandsalt,fat,sugar,orartificialingredientsareadded.Tomakeit25(bad),theverythingsthatmakefoodhealthylikevitaminsandminerals-areoftenremoved.【参考答案】16-25(Onepossibleversion)16.when17.Although18.in19.the20.that21.confused22.Strangely23.found24.They25.worse语法填空16.when。考查连词。本句为时间状语从句，意为“当我了解到……”。17.Although。考查连词。依据句意“虽然（although）加了激素的牛奶对人体的危害没有得到证明”可知，此处需要一个表让步的从属连词。18.in。考查介词。依据句意，“我不确定我要把那样的食物放进我身体里”。19.the。考查冠词。特指以前人们日常所吃的食物。20.that。考查关系代词。that/which引导定语从句并在从句中做主语。21.confused。考查非谓语动词。表示主语对……感到困惑，用confused。22.Strangely。考查词类转换。此处需要一个副词做状语，句意为“惊异的是……”。23.found。考查动词。此处用动词的被动语态。24.They。考查代词。依据上下文，此处they指代前面的processedfoods。25.worse。考查比较级。Tomakeitworse意为“更糟糕的是……”。完形填空Russwasalovablekidwithavarietyofcommunicationchallenges—aspeechimpediment(言语障碍),dyslexia(诵读困难),andauditory(听觉的)problems.1todayheiswalkingconfidently,standingtalltomakeanacceptance2forhavingbeenchosenasoneofthe“OutstandingYoungCitizens”inOceanCounty,NewJersey3hisremarkablevolunteerserviceinthetownofTomsRiver.AsIlistened,Iclosedmyeyes.Ifoundmyself4thosememorablemoments.MymindwasfullofwarmimagesofRussasaloving,caringyouth,agentlesoul,5hischallenges.Andnow,ashestoodattheplatform,Iknewhisheart6beracing.AsRusscontinuedtospeak,Ithoughtaboutthefatefuldaywhenhewasdiagnosedwithallthoseimpairments(缺陷)andhow7histutors(家庭老师)wouldbeiftheycouldseehimtoday.Herehewastwenty-nine,beinghonoredfortenyearsofserviceasavolunteer8.Russwas9fororganizingclothingforthehomeless,teachingpreschoolchildrenaboutfiresafety,andforplayingSantaClausforverysickchildrenbydrivingupinafiretruck.Russthankedhisparentsforprovidinghimwithdignityandteachinghimaboutmorals.Then,pausingforafewseconds,he10usbysurprisebytouchinglovinglyonthe11ofhisnephew,Austin.Austinwasjustthreeyearsoldwhenhediedfromanincurabledisease.Atthatmoment,Ihadtoclosemyeyesagain12adifferentsetoftearsrandownmycheeks.Asilence13theroomasRussowedhisvolunteerawardtoAustin.He14hisaddressbyliftingtheaudienceupwiththesewords,“Austintaughtmehowtolove.”Ihaveneverthoughtofthisday.15,noonehadeverthoughtthatRusswouldmake16asthestarofthefootballteam,andhehadneverbeenvoted“mostlikelytosucceed”,buthe17tobeatrue“star”inhiscommunity.Russbecameamanofstrongcharacter18hisunselfishservicetoothers.Withsomanyimpairments,Russnowseesandacts19withhisheart.Hiswordsanddeedsinspireeveryonewhoknowshim.ItisRuss,ourson,whohasshownuswhat20is.【文章大意】一位被诊断为有言语障碍、诵读困难和听觉问题的少年敢于面对自己的困难,最终成为社区的明星,被授予“优秀年轻市民”称号。那么,是什么促使他取得这一切的呢?1.A.And B.When C.As D.But【解析】选D。规律推理题。此句与前一句在规律上是转折关系。Russ虽然是一个有多种沟通障碍的人,今日却当选为Ocean县“优秀年轻市民”,现在站在台上演讲。2.A.point B.speech C.call D.appeal【解析】选B。词汇复现题。makeanacceptancespeech意为“做领奖致辞,做获奖演讲”。和下文的AsRusscontinuedtospeak中的speak是同根词。3.A.inspiteof B.regardlessofC.becauseof D.inthefaceof【解析】选C。短语辨析题。Russ当选“优秀年轻市民”是由于他卓越的志愿服务。becauseof由于,符合上下文语境;A项尽管;B项无视,不考虑;D项面对着。4.A.recalling B.recordingC.seizing D.expecting【解析】选A。背景常识题。我情不自禁地回忆过去一些难忘的时刻。依据memorable和以下作者回忆的内容,可知A项正确。5.A.puttingupwith B.concerningaboutC.escapingfrom D.facingupto【解析】选D。短语辨析题。faceupto意为“英勇面对”。作者回想起Russ是一个有爱心、乐于助人又温存的人,他敢于面对自己的沟通障碍。putupwith忍受;concernabout关怀;escapefrom躲避。6.A.could B.must C.would D.might【解析】选B。规律推理题。我想他现在在台上演讲,心跳确定很快。此处的must表示推想,意为“确定”。7.A.nervous B.excited C.proud D.surprised【解析】选C。规律推理题。Russ小时候被诊断为有言语障碍、诵读困难和听觉问题。现在,29岁的他被授予荣誉称号,他的家庭老师们知道后确定会感到傲慢(proud)。8.A.policeman B.tailorC.fireman D.tutor【解析】选C。规律推理题。依据下文的aboutfiresafety和drivingupinafiretruck可知Russ义务做了10年的消防志愿者。9.A.grateful B.responsible C.anxious D.fit【解析】选B。词语辨析题。Russ负责为无家可归者筹备服装、给学龄前儿童讲防火学问等事情。beresponsiblefor...负责……10.A.took B.got C.shocked D.moved【解析】选A。固定搭配题。takesb.bysurprise为固定短语,意为“使某人吃惊”。11.A.birth B.achievementC.loss D.disease【解析】选C。词汇复现题。loss和后面的died近义。此空前的touchon意为“提及,谈及”,他三岁的侄子由于生病而夭折了,故此处用loss。12.A.since B.after C.when D.before【解析】选D。规律推理题。在那一刻,我不得不再一次闭上眼睛,以免失态(泪流满面)。13.A.droppeddown B.felloverC.tookoff D.gotup【解析】选B。短语辨析题。当Russ将他的获奖归功于侄子Austin时,房间里全部的人都马上缄默下来了。dropdown意为“落下”,fallover意为“掩盖”,takeoff意为“起飞;脱下;(产品等)突然受欢迎”,getup意为“起床”。14.A.concluded B.wroteC.delivered D.started【解析】选A。词语辨析题。concludehisaddress意为“结束他的演讲”。15.A.Generally B.SurprisinglyC.Actually D.However【解析】选C。词语辨析题。我从未想到Russ会有今日这样的荣誉和成就。事实上(actually),没有人会想到过Russ会成为足球队的明星。16.A.it B.him C.one D.that【解析】选A。固定搭配题。makeit为固定短语,意为“成功;达到预定目标”。17.A.happened B.roseC.appeared D.reduced【解析】选B。词语辨析题。但是他一步步地上来(rise)了,最终成为社区一位真正的“明星”。happen碰巧;appear显得;reduce沦落为。18.A.at B.on C.by D.in【解析】选C。词语辨析题。Russ通过(by)赐予他人无私的服务而成了一个有坚强共性的人。19.A.cautiously B.generouslyC.closely D.clearly【解析】选D。规律推理题。依据上文,Russ现在知道了如何去爱,所以他做事有着清楚的目标。20.A.sharing B.loveC.sacrifice D.confidence【解析】选B。词汇复现题。上文中有howtolove。阅读下列四篇短文，从每小题后所给的A,B,C或D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。Researchershavejustofferedevidenceinastudythatsaysobesityappearstospreadthroughsocialties,muchlikeavirus.Whenonepersongainsweight,theirclosefriendsoftenfollow.Butthefindingmightalsoofferhope.Iffriendshelpmakeobesityacceptable,thenmightalsobeinfluentialinlosingthefat.Theresearchersnotethatsupportgroupsarealreadyaneffectivetoolindealingwithothersociallyinfluencedproblems,likealcoholism.ThefindingsappearedintheNewEnglandJournalofMedicine,Theresearchersusedinformationcollectedfrom12,000people.Itwascollectedbetween1971and2003aspartoftheFraminghamHeartStudy.Theinformationwashighlydetailed.Therewasevencontactinformationforclosefriendsofthepeopleinthestudy.Theresearchersexaminedmorethan40,000socialties.Theyfoundthataperson’schancesofbecomingseverelyoverweightincreasedby57%ifafriendhadbecomeobese.Asisterorbrotherofapersonwhobecameobesehada40%increasedchanceofbecomingobese.Theriskforawifeorhusbandwasalittlelessthanthat.NicholasChristakisofHarvardThestudyfoundthatthesexofthefriendswasalsoaninfluence.Insame-sexfriendshipsapersonhada70%increasedriskofbecomingobese.Menhada44%increasedriskofbecomingobeseafterweightgaininbrother.Insisters,itwas67%.Theresearchersalsoconsideredtheeffectofwherepeoplelivedinrelationtoeachother.JamesFowleroftheUniversityofCalifornia,SanDiego,wastheotherleadinvestigator.Hesaysafriendwholivesafewhundredkilometersawayhasasmuchinfluenceasoneinthesameneighborhood.Hesaysthestudydemonstratestheneedtoconsiderthatamajorpartofpeople’shealthistiedtotheirsocialconnections.Bothinvestigatorssaytheirresearchshowsthatobesityisnotjustaprivatemedicalissue,butapublichealthproblem.1.WhatdoestheunderlinedsentenceinPara.2mean?A.Obesityhasanegativeinfluenceonaclosefriend.B.Friendsmightalsoplayaparti