2021济南市高考英语(四月)完形填空、阅读理解小练(10)答案

2021济南市高考英语（四月）完形填空、阅读理解小练（10）答案阅读理解(2022·江西八校联考)TheforcesthatmakeJapanoneoftheworld’smostearthquake­prone(有地震倾向的)countriescouldbecomepartofitslong­termenergysolution.WaterfromdeepbelowthegroundatJapan’stensofthousandsofhotspringscouldbeusedtoproduceelectricity.AlthoughJapanesehigh­techcompaniesareleadersingeothermal(地热的)technologyandexportit，itsuseislimitedinthenation.“Japanshouldnodoubtmakeuseofitsresourcesofgeothermalenergy，”saidYoshiyasuTakefuji，aleadingresearcherofthermal­electricpowerproduction.ThedisastrousearthquakeandtsunamionMarch11,2011causedareactionagainstatomicpower，whichpreviouslymadeup30percentofJapan’senergyneeds，andincreasedinterestinalternativeenergies，whichaccountedforonly8percent.ArtistYokoOnohascalledonJapantoexploreitsnaturalenergy，followingtheexampleofIcelandwhichusesrenewableenergyformorethan80percentofitsneeds.Fornow，geothermalenergymakesuplessthan1percentoftheenergyneedsinJapan，whichhasfordecadesreliedheavilyonfossilfuelsandatomicpower.Thebiggestproblemtogeothermalenergyisthehighinitialcostoftheexplorationandconstructingthefactories.AnotherproblemisthatJapan’spotentiallybestsitesarealreadybeingdevelopedfortourismorarelocatedwithinnationalparkswhereconstructionisforbidden.“Wecan’tevendig10cminsidenationalparks.”saidShigetoYamadaofFujiElectric，addingthatregulationsprotectingnaturewouldneedtoberelaxedforgeothermalenergytogrow.ResearcherHideakiMatsuisaid，“Producingelectricityusinghotspringsisadecades­longproject.Wealsohavetothinkaboutwhattodofornowasenergysupplieswilldeclineintheshortterm.”TheEarthPolicyInstituteinWashington，US，believedJapancouldproduce80000megawatts(兆瓦)andmeetmorethanhalfitselectricityneedswithgeothermaltechnology.JapanesegiantssuchasToshibaarealreadygloballeadersingeothermaltechnology，witha70percentmarketshare.In2010，FujiElectricbuilttheworld’slargestgeothermalfactoryinNewZealand.1．Whatwouldbethebesttitleforthetext?A．AlternativeenergiesinJapanB．World’slargestgeothermalplantC．JapantakestheleadingeothermaltechnologyD．Japanthinksofgeothermalenergy2．WhatpercentageofJapan’senergyneedsisgeothermalenergy?A．About8%. B．Below1%.C．Around30%. D．Over80%.3．AccordingtoShigetoYamada，thegrowthofgeothermalpowerinJapanneeds________.A．achangeofrules B．financialsupportC．localpeople’shelp D．hightechnology4．Geothermalenergyisconsideredasalong­termprogramby________.A．YoshiyasuTakefuji B．HideakiMatsuiC．ShigetoYamada D．YokoOno5．Itcanbelearnedfromthelasttwoparagraphsthat________.A．theworld’sbiggestgeothermalplantwasbuiltbyAmericaB．JapanwillnotexportitsgeothermaltechnologyC．thepotentialofJapan’sgeothermalenergyisgreatD．itishardtofindgeothermalenergyinJapan语篇解读本文为一篇科普说明文。让日本经常地震的一些自然力有可能会被转化成日本长期可持续利用的清洁能源，即：地热。本文对其进行了具体介绍。1．解析：标题概括题。依据文章第三段的导入和倒数第三段最终一句“Wealsohavetothinkaboutwhattodofornowasenergysupplieswilldeclineintheshortterm”，以及对全文的整体理解可知，本文主要讲的“日本正在考虑如何使用地热”的问题，所以D项最适合做文章的标题。答案：D2．解析：细节理解题。依据文章第七段“Fornow，geothermalenergymakesuplessthan1percentoftheenergyneedsinJapan...”可知，答案B符合文意。答案：B3．解析：推理推断题。依据文章倒数第四段中的“addingthatregulationsprotectingnaturewouldneedtoberelaxedforgeothermalenergytogrow”可推知，答案A符合文意。答案：A4．解析：细节理解题。依据文章倒数第三段“ResearcherHideakiMatsuisaid，Producingelectricityusinghotspringsisadecades­longproject...”可知，答案B符合文意。答案：B5．解析：推理推断题。依据对文章最终两段的整体理解可知，日本的地热能源潜力巨大。答案：C阅读理解Farm-raisedpigsaredirty,smellyanimalsthatgetnorespect.They’realsoanenvironmentalhazard.Theirmanure(粪便)containsphosphorus(磷)，which,whenitrains,runsoffintolakesandrivers,consumingoxygen,killingfish,stimulatingalgae(藻类)overgrowthandemittinggreenhousegases.Doingawaywiththepigisnotanoption.Pigsprovidemoredietaryprotein,morecheaply,tomorepeoplethananyotheranimal.NorthernEuropestillmaintainsthehighestpig-to-humanratio(比率)intheworld(2-1inDenmark),butEastAsiaiscatchingup.Duringthe1990s,porkproductiondoubledinVietnamandgrewby70percentinChina—alongdenselypopulatedcoastlines,pigdensityexceeds100animalspersquarekilometer.Theresultingpollutionis“threateningfragilecoastalmarinehabitatsincludingmangroves(红树林)，coralreefsandseagrasses,”accordingtoareportreleasedinFebruarybytheFoodandAgricultureOrganizationoftheUnitedNations.Asitturnsout,thereisasolutiontothepigproblem,butitrequiresachangeofmind-setamongenvironmentalistsandthepublic.TwoCanadianscientistshavecreatedapigwhosemanuredoesn’tcontainverymuchphosphorusatall.Ifthisvarietyofpigwereadoptedwidely,Itcouldgreatlyreduceamajorsourceofpollution.ButtheEnviropig,astheycallit,istheproductofgeneticmodification—whichisanathema(忌讳)tomanyWesterners.TheEnviropigisoneofmanynewtechnologiesthatareputtingenvironmentalistsandorganic-foodsupportersinaquandary:shouldtheyremaincategorically(无条件)opposedtogeneticallymodified(GM)foodsevenattheexpenseoftheenvironment?Elsewhere,treesgrownforpapercouldbemadeamenabletomuchmoreefficientprocessing,reducingbothenergyusageandtoxicchemicalbleach(漂白剂)inwastewaterfrompapermills.ThemostsignificantGMapplicationswillbeonesthathelplessentheproblemofagriculture,whichaccountsfor38percentoftheworld’slandmassandiscrowdingoutnaturalecosystemsandspecieshabitats.Chancesare,farmerswillcontinuetogrowtheirpollutingorganicpork,theirallergenic(引起过敏的)organicsoyandtheirneurotoxin(神经毒素)sprayedorganicapples.Worsestill,theywillmakesurethatnooneelsegetsachoiceinthematterofimprovingtheconditionsoflifeonearth—unless,thatis,othersriseupanddemandanalternative.

11.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisTRUE?A.Pigsbringmoredestructionthanbenefittohumanbeings.B.Noothercountrieshavethehigherpercentageofpig-to-humanthanEastAsia.C.Theporkproductionhasincreasedto70％inChina.D.Thepollutionbroughtbypigsisakillertothecreatureofthesea.12.ThereasonaccountingforthehesitationtoaccepttheideaoftheEnviropigis__________.A.thepoortechnologyB.thehighcostC.themoralconceptD.thedoubtfromthepublic13.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“quandary”mean?A.anagreementB.anegotiationC.adilemmaD.anadventure14.Thenegativeinfluencebroughtbythetraditionalagricultureis_________-.A.morelivingspaceoccupationB.morecropimprovementC.morefoodproductionD.morechemicalapplication15.Whatisthebesttitleofthepassage?A.HowtoRaisePigsB.WhethertochoosetheGMFoodsC.What’sGMFoodsD.ThePollutionBroughtbyPigs

【参考答案】11—15、DCCAB完形填空。ThishappenedyearsagowhenIwasawaitress，butIstillclearlyrememberthisspecificincidentsovividly.Astheendofthenightwas__1__，tenminutesbeforeourrestaurantclosed，agentlemancamein.Iwasthe__2__waitresswhogottostayafterclosingtoservehimhisfood.Thecustomerwasquite__3__withhowhisfoodwasprepared.Hesenthis__4__backtwice.Wheniteventuallyarrivedtohisliking,he__5__somefreshcoffee.Meanwhile，mymanagerandourcookswere__6__meclosely,astheywantedthelastcustomerofthe__7__tofinallyleavesothatwecould__8__therestaurantandgohome.AtthattimeIwasfrustratedandtired.Ialsoknewhewouldprobablynot__9__verywell,seeinghisinexpensivemeal.__10__，Itriedtogivehimgoodservice.Theninthelasttenminutes,asIwasrefillinghiscoffee,Isomehow__11__itonthetableaswellashisplate.Iapologized,butIwas__12__togethimanotherplateoffoodaseverythingwasshutdowninthe__13__.Knowinghisprevioustemperament(性情),Ihadacertain__14__ofhowhemightreact.Heaskedtospeaktothemanager.Buthe__15__shockedmeatthispoint.Insteadof__16__tomyboss，hesimplysaid，“Thisyounglady'sdoneafinejob.Youneedtokeepher__17__aslongasyoucan！”Afterthathepaidhisbillandleft，andIeagerlywenthome.ThenextmorningwhenIcametoworkand__18__mytips—youoftendon'tgetittillthenextday__19__acustomerchargesitonacreditcard—Iwas__20__thatthecustomerhadoffereda$15tipforhis$8dinner.Peopleareoftenmuchnicerthantheylook!几年前，我在饭店当服务生。某天晚上，我们接待了一位男士，他对饭菜有诸多挑剔和要求，而我又不当心将咖啡洒到了盘子和桌子上。正值我战战兢兢时，他温存的态度让我颇感意外，而且他还为8美元的饭付了我15美元的小费。1.A.darkening B.approachingC.leaving D.happening答案：B深夜快要“来临(approaching)”时，在饭店关门前的格外钟，一位绅士来用餐。2.A.last B.firstC.unlucky D.young答案：C依据前面描绘的时间和后面的whogotto...可知，在这么晚的时候还不得不留下来为客人服务，作者感到自己很“不幸(unlucky)”。3.A.pleased B.familiarC.interested D.dissatisfied答案：D依据后面的sent...backtwice和Wheniteventuallyarrivedtohisliking推断，这位绅士对饭菜的做法”不满足(dissatisfied)”。4.A.order B.billC.note D.mail答案：A这位先生把他“点的饭菜(order)”退回来两次。5.A.changed B.soldC.needed D.threw答案：C当一切都合他的意，他又要了新颖咖啡。6.A.following B.checkingC.watching D.helping答案：C这个时候经理和厨师都紧“盯(watching)”作者，由于他们期望这位顾客尽快吃完离开。从空格处后面的副词closely就可排解其他选项，watchsb.closely亲热凝视，认真观看。7.A.day B.timeC.place D.room答案：A此处是指那一“天(day)”饭店的最终一名顾客。8.A.turnup B.closeupC.setoff D.turnoff答案：B最终一名顾客离开后他们就可以“关门(closeup)”回家了。9.A.speak B.behaveC.tip D.eat答案：C依据顾客用餐的费用和最终一段提示可知，作者推断这位绅士不会付很多的小费。tip此处用作动词，指“付小费”。最终一段的第一句话有提示。10.A.Instead B.BesidesC.Otherwise D.However答案：D“然而(However)”，作者还是尽最大努力给他供应好的服务。11.A.spread B.leftC.spilled D.broke答案：C在给这位绅士添咖啡的时候，不知怎么的，作者把咖啡“洒到(spilled)”了桌子和盘子上。12.