2020 年 6 月英语四级阅读真题及答案

2020年6月英语四级阅读真题及答案

2020年6月英语四级阅读真题及答案

SectionA

Directions：Inthissection,thereisapassagewithten

blanks.Youarerequiredtoselectonewordforeachblank

fromalistofchoicesgiveninawordbankfollowingthe

passage.Readthepassagethroughcarefullybeforemaking

yourchoices.Eachchoiceinthebankisidentifiedbya

letter.Pleasemarkthecorrespondingletterforeachitemon

AnswerSheet2withasinglelinethroughthecentre.Youmay

notuseanyofthewordsinthebankmorethanonce.

Questions47to56arebasedonthefollowingpassage.

Walking,ifyoudoitvigorouslyenough,istheoverall

bestexerciseforregularphysicalactivity.Itrequiresno

equipment,everyoneknowshowtodoitanditcarriesthe47

riskofinjury.Thehumanbodyisdesignedtowalk.Youcan

walkinparksoralongariverorinyourneighborhood.To

get48benefitfromwalking,aimfor45minutesaday,an

averageoffivedaysaweek.

Strengthtrainingisanotherimportant49ofphysical

activity.Itspurposeistobuildand50boneandmusclemass,

bothofwhichshrinkwithage.Ingeneral,youwillwantto

dostrengthtrainingtwoorthreedaysaweek,51recovery

daysbetweensessions.

Finally,flexibilityandbalancetrainingare52

importantasthebodyages.Achesandpainsarehighonthe

listofcomplaintsinoldage.Theresultofconstantmuscle

tensionandstiffnessofjoints,manyofthemare53,and

simpleflexibilitytrainingcan54thesebymakingmuscles

strongerandkeepingjointslubricated(润滑).Someofthis

youdowheneveryoustretch.Ifyouwatchdogsandcats,

you’11getanideaofhownaturalitis.Thegeneral55is

simple：wheneverthebodyhasbeeninonepositionfora

while,itisgoodto56stretchitinanoppositeposition.

A)allowingF)helpingK)prevent

B)avoidableG)increasinglyL)principle

C)brieflyH)lowestM)provoke

D)componentI)maintainN)seriously

E)determinedJ)maximum0)topic

参考答案

47.H.lowest

48.J.maximum

49.D.component

50.I.maintain

51.A.allowing

52.G.increasingly

53.B.avoidable

54.K.prevent

55.L.principle

56.C.briefly

SectionB

Directions：Thereare2passagesinthissection.Each

passageisfollowedbysomequestionsorunfinished

statements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA),

B),C)andD).Youshoulddecideonthebestchoiceandmark

thecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet2withasingleline

throughthecentre.

PassageOne

Questions57to61arebasedonthefollowingpassage.

Junkfoodiseverywhere.We'reeatingwaytoomuchofit.

Mostofusknowwhatwe'redoingandyetwedoitanyway.

Sohere'sasuggestionofferedbytworesearchersatthe

RandCorporation：Whynottakealessonfromalcoholcontrol

policiesandapplythemtowherefoodissoldandhowit's

displayed?

“Manypolicymeasurestocontrolobesity(月巴胖症)assume

thatpeopleconsciouslyandrationallychoosewhatandhow

muchtheyeatandthereforefocusonprovidinginformation

andmoreaccesstohealthierfoods,“notethetwo

researchers.

“Incontrast,“theresearcherscontinue,“many

regulationsthatdon'tassumepeoplemakerationalchoices

havebeensuccessfullyappliedtocontrolalcohol,a

substance一likefood一ofwhichimmoderateconsumption

leadstoserioushealthproblems.”

Theresearchreferencesstudiesofpeople'sbehavior

withfoodandalcoholandresultsofalcoholrestrictions,

andthenlistsfiveregulationsthattheresearchersthink

mightbepromisingifappliedtojunkfoods.Amongthem：

Densityrestrictions：licensestosellalcoholaren?t

handedoutunplannedtoallcomersbutareallotted(分

酉己)basedonthenumberofplacesinanareathatalreadysell

alcohol.Thesemakealcohollesseasytogetandreducethe

numberofpsychologicalcuestodrink.

Similarly,theresearcherssay,beingpresentedwithjunk

foodstimulatesourdesiretoeatit.Sowhynotlimitthe

densityoffoodoutlets,particularlyonesthatsellfood

richinemptycalories?Andwhynotlimitsaleoffoodin

placesthataren?tprimarilyfoodstores?

Displayandsalesrestrictions：Californiahasarule

prohibitingalcoholdisplaysnearthecashregistersingas

stations,andinmostplacesyoucan'tbuyalcoholatdrive-

throughfacilities.Atsupermarkets,foodcompaniespayto

havetheirwaresinplaceswherethey'reeasilyseen.One

couldremovejunkfoodtothebackofthestoreandbanthem

fromtheshelvesatcheckoutlines.Theothermeasures

includerestrictingportionsizes,taxingandprohibiting

specialpricedealsforjunkfoods,andplacingwarning

labelsontheproducts.

57.Whatdoestheauthorsayaboutjunkfood?

A)Peopleshouldbeeducatednottoeattoomuch.

B)Itiswidelyconsumeddespiteitsillreputation.

C)Itstemptationistoostrongforpeopletoresist.

D)Itcausesmoreharmthanisgenerallyrealized.

58.WhatdotheRandresearchersthinkofmanyofthe

policymeasurestocontrolobesity?

A)Theyshouldbeimplementedeffectively.

B)Theyprovidemisleadinginformation.

C)Theyarebasedonwrongassumptions.

D)Theyhelppeoplemakerationalchoices.

59.Whydopolicymakersofalcoholcontrolplacedensity

restrictions?

A)Fewpeopleareabletoresistalcohol?stemptations.

B)Therearealreadytoomanystoressellingalcohol.

C)Drinkingstrongalcoholcancausesocialproblems.

D)Easyaccessleadstocustomers?over-consumption.

60.WhatisthepurposeofCalifornia^sruleabout

alcoholdisplayingasstations?

A)Toeffectivelylimitthedensityofalcoholoutlets.

B)Tohelpdriverstogiveupthehabitofdrinking.

C)Topreventpossibletrafficjamsinnearbyareas.

D)Togetalcoholoutofdrivers?immediatesight.

61.WhatisthegeneralguidelinetheRandresearchers

suggestaboutjunkfoodcontrol?

A)Guidingpeopletomakerationalchoicesaboutfood.

B)Enhancingpeople'sawarenessoftheirownhealth.

C）Borrowingideasfromalcoholcontrolmeasures.

D）Resortingtoeconomic,legalandpsychologicalmeans.

参考答案

57.C58.C59.D60.D61.C

SectionCPassageOne

Questions62to66arebasedonthefollowingpassage.

Kodak?sdecisiontofileforbankruptcy（破产）protection

isasad,thoughnotunexpected,turningpointforaleading

Americancorporationthatpioneeredconsumerphotographyand

dominatedthefilmmarketfordecades,butultimatelyfailed

toadapttothedigitalrevolution.

AlthoughmanyattributeKodak'sdownfallto

“complacency（自满）thatexplanationdoesn?tacknow­

ledgethelengthstowhichthecompanywenttoreinvent

itself.Decadesago,Kodakanticipatedthatdigital

photographywouldovertakefilm一andinfact,Kodak

inventedthefirstdigitalcamerain1975-butinafateful

decision,thecompanychosetoshelfitsnewdiscoveryto

focusonitstraditionalfilmbusiness.

Itwasn'tthatKodakwasblindtothefuture,said

RebeccaHenderson,aprofessoratHarvardBusinessSchool,

butratherthatitfailedtoexecuteonastrategyto

confrontit.Bythetimethecompanyrealizeditsmistake,it

wastoolate.

Kodakisanexampleofafirmthatwasverymuchaware

thattheyhadtoadapt,andspentalotofmoneytryingtodo

so,butultimatelyfailed.Largecompanieshaveadifficult

timeswitchingintonewmarketsbecausethereisatemptation

toputexistingassetsintothenewbusinesses.

AlthoughKodakanticipatedtheinevitableriseofdigital

photography,itscorporate(企业的)culturewastoorootedin

thesuccessesofthepastforittomakethecleanbreak

necessarytofullyembracethefuture.Theywereacompany

stuckintime.Theirhistorywassoimportanttothem.Now

theirhistoryhasbecomealiability.

Kodak?sdownfalloverthelastseveraldecadeswas

dramatic.In1976,thecompanycommanded90%ofthemarket

forphotographicfilmand85%ofthemarketforcameras.But

the1980sbroughtnewcompetitionfromJapanesefilmcompany

FujiPhoto,whichunderminedKodakbyofferinglowerprices

forfilmandphotosupplies.Kodak'sdecisionnottopursue

theroleofofficialfilmforthe1984LosAngelesOlympics

wasamajormiscalculation.ThebidwentinsteadtoFuji,

whichexploiteditssponsorshiptowinapermanentfoothold

inthemarketplace.

62.WhatdowelearnaboutKodak?

A)Itwentbankruptallofasudden.

B)Itisapproachingitsdownfall.

C)Itinitiatedthedigitalrevolutioninthefilm

industry.

D)Itisplayingadominantroleinthefilmmarket.

63.Whydoestheauthorment