2024-2025学年山东省师范大学附属中学高一上学期期中考试英语试题（含答案）

2024-2025学年山东省师范大学附属中学高一上学期期中考试英语试题注意事项：1．答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号等填写在答题卡和试卷指定位置。2．回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。3．考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第二部分阅读（共两节,满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分,满分37.5分）阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AInternationalDevelopmentObserver(IDO)isagroupinChinathathelpswiththingsaroundtheworld.Thepeoplewholeaditareveryexperiencedinhelpingcountriesgrow.IDOworksonthreemainthings:howcountriesworktogether,howonecountryhelpsanother,andbigproblemsthataffecteveryone.Sinceitstartedin2020,IDOhaswrittenlotsofarticles,andmanypeoplefromdifferentcountrieshavereadthem.Thesereadersarefromgovernments,theUnitedNationsandNGOs.Now,IDOwantsstudentstohelpcheckhowwelltheirarticlesaretranslatedintoEnglish.Here'swhatthestudentswilldo.ROLESANDRESPONSIBILITIESWorkcloselywiththeIDOteamandvolunteerswhowillbetasked:·ReadtheEnglishversionsofarticlesthatwerefirstwritteninChinese·MaketheEnglisharticlesontheIDOwebsiteevenbetter.WHATYOUGET·Yournamewillbeonthearticlesyouhelpwith,likeyou’retheeditor.·YoucanwriteyourownarticlesaboutthethingsIDOcaresaboutandputthemonthewebsite.·Youcanbeofferedarecommendationletteruponyourrequest.SELECTIONREQUIREMENT·BefluentinEnglish.·BettertobefluentinChinesetoo,butit’snotamust.·Havedonewellinschool.·Beexcitedtomakeadifference.Ifyouwanttojoin,sendanemailwithyourCV.Formoreinformation,pleaseclickhere.21.WhatisthemainpurposeofIDO?A.Tohelppeoplefromgovernments. B.Tomakemoneybywritingarticles.C.Tohelpwithinternationaldevelopment. D.Tocollectarticlesfromdifferentcountries.22.WhatcanastudentvolunteerexpecttogetfromworkingwithIDO?A.Agoodjobofferwithexpectedhighpay. B.AnopportunitytobeaneditorinIDO.C.Achancetopublisharticlesonitswebsite. D.Afreetripabroadasanexchangestudent.23.Whereisthetextmostprobablytakenfrom?A.Aresearchpaper. B.Abookreport.C.Asciencemagazine. D.Awebpage.BItrytobeagoodfather.Cookmykidsgooddishes,andtakethemtophotoshoots.ButcomparedwithDickHoyt,Isuck.Eighty-fivetimeshe’spushedhisdisabledson,Rick,inmarathons.ThislovestorybeganinWinchester,Mass.,43yearsago,whenRickwasstrangled(缠住)bytheumbilicalcord(脐带)duringbirth,leavinghimbrain-damagedandunabletocontrolhislimbs(四肢).“He’llbeavegetabletherestofhislife,”doctorstoldDickandhiswife,Judy,whenRickwasninemonthsold.“Puthiminaninstitution.”ButtheHoytsweren’tbuyingit.TheynoticedthewayRick’seyesfollowedthemaroundtheroom.WhenRickwas11,theytookhimtotheengineeringdepartmentatTuftsUniversity.Equippedwithacomputer,Rickwasfinallyabletocommunicate.Afterahighschoolclassmatewasparalyzed(使瘫痪)inanaccident,andtheschoolorganizedacharityrunforhim,Ricksaid,“Dad,Iwanttodothat.”HowwasDick,amanwhoneverranmorethanamileatatime,goingtopushhissonfivemiles?Still,hetried.ThatdaychangedRick’slife.“Dad,”hetyped,“whenwewererunning,itfeltlikeIwasn’tdisabledanymore!”ThatsentencechangedDick’slife.HetriedhisbesttogiveRickthatfeelingasoftenashecould.Theyevendecidedtotrymarathons.“Noway,”Dickwastoldbyaraceofficial.Theyweren’tquiteasinglerunner,andtheyweren’tquiteawheelchaircompetitor.Forafewyears,DickandRickjoinedthemassivefieldandrananyway.In1983,theyrananothermarathonsofastthattheymadethequalifyingtimefortheBostonMarathonthefollowingyear.Nowthey’vedone85marathons.“MydadistheFatheroftheCentury,”Ricktyped.24.Whatdoestheunderlinedsentenceinparagraph2mean?A.TheHoytshadnomoneyfortheirson’streatment.B.TheHoytscouldn’taffordanyinstitution.C.TheHoytscouldn’tdealwiththesituation.D.TheHoytsdidn’tbelieveitwastrue.25.What’sdiscussedinthethirdparagraph?A.WhyRickbecameparalyzed. B.HowRickstartedrunning.C.WhyrunningchangedRick’slife D.HowRickcommunicatedwithothers.26.DickandRickwereabletojointhe1984BostonMarathonbecause________.A.theygotsupportfromacharity. B.theyranamarathonveryfast.C.theymetakindraceofficial. D.theyhadbecomeveryfamousintheprocess.27.Whatcanbelearnedfromthetext?A.Loveknowsnolimits.B.Takethingsastheycome.C.Manyhandsmakelightwork.D.Thereisnofirewithoutsmoke.CAtthistimeofyearthousandsofBritishtouristsareheadingtotheAustrianskislopes(斜坡),attractednotjustbythesnowtracks(跑道)butalsobytheprettyvillages,greatfoodanddrink,and,theAustrianlifesaverforparents,thekid-friendlyhotel.Confusing,then,arecentsurveybyInterNationsonExpat-FriendlyPlaceshasputAustriatheworstcountryintheworld(well,outof53countries)for“localfriendliness”.AsafrequentvisitortoAustria,Imustadmitbeingconfused.I’vehadmanyexperiencesthere,butnonethatIwouldcalltheleastbitunfriendly.Takemymostrecenttriptherelastweekendforexample.Viennainwinterisbeautifuland,ifyou’relucky,youmayhavesomesnow—despitewhich,thetransportsystemssuchasbusesandsubwayscontinuetoworkwell.FoodmarketshereopenearlyandIbeganatthemostfamous,theNaschmarkt,withitstwomainstreets,oneforrestaurants,theotherforfoodstalls(摊位).Butinsteadoftheexpectedrudetraders,Iwassurroundedbyencouragingsmiles!Sofar,sofriendly.So,ifAustriansarefunny,howcantheyalsobeunfriendly?Thisistheplace,afterall,wheretheyinventedabest-sellingchocolateknownasMozartballs(aftertheirmostoutstandingcomposer),balletforhorses(atVienna’sSpanishRidingSchool),andthefavouritenight-timesnackofsausages.DidIsayformal?Thatis,perhaps,attherootofthemisunderstanding.Austrianslikegoingtoballsandwearingtheirtraditionalclothes.Theyaresuperpoliteandhelpfultolosttourists.That’snottosayyoucan’tangeranAustrian.Forexample,beinglateisnottobeallowed.Mypointisthatyougetthebestofthetwocountriesclosesttothem:Everythingworks(asinGermany)andtheyliketohavefun(asinItaly).AndI’mnotaloneinmyopinion.AccordingtotheGlobalLiveabilityIndex,Viennaisthebestcitytoliveinontheplanetandithaswornthatparticularcrownforthepast10years.Perhaps,inthissituation,thestatistics(统计学)haverathermissedthepoint.28.WhyareBritishtouristsmentionedinparagraph1?A.Toshowtheyarethefriendliesttourists.B.Tointerestuswithaconfusingsituation.C.Tointroducethetopicoftourism.D.TocomparethemwithAustrians.29.WhathappenedtotheauthorattheNaschmarkt?A.Hecameacrosspolitetraders.B.Helosthiswayatthefoodmarkets.C.Hewasinspiredtosmileeveninwinter.D.Hewasconfusedbythetransportationsystems.30.WhatdoweknowaboutAustrians?A.Theyareserious. B.Theyliketobeontime.C.Theyareunfriendly. D.Theylikeformaluniforms.31.What’stheauthor’sattitudetowardsAustrian’sbadname?A.Indifferent. B.Favorable.C.Unclear. D.Opposed.DThesunissetting,brighteningyourkids’facesastheyplayinthewaves.Youreachforyourphoneforthisperfectmoment.Butbeforeyoudo,here’sabitofsurprisingscience:Takingphotosisnottheperfectwaytokeepmemoryasyouthink.Takingtoomanypicturescouldactuallyharmthebrain’sabilitytokeepmemories,saysElizabethLoftus,apsychologyprofessorattheUniversityofCalifornia,Irvine.Sowegetthephotobutkindoflosethememory.Photography“outsources”memories.Itworksintwoways:Weeithershakeofftheresponsibilityofrememberingmomentswhentakingpictures,orwe’resodistractedbytheprocessthatwemissthemomentaltogether.Thefirstexplanationisthelossofmemory.Peopleknowthattheircameraisrecordingthatmoment,sotheydon’ttrytoremember.Similarly,ifyouwritedownsomeone’sphonenumber,you’relesslikelytorememberitoffhandbecauseyourbraintellsyouthere’sjustnoneed.That’sallwellandgood—untilthatpieceofpapergoesmissing.Theotherisdistraction.We’redistractedbytheprocessoftakingaphotohowweholdourphone,composingthephoto,suchassmilingfaces,thebackgroundtoourlikingandclearimage,allofwhichusesupourattentionthatcouldotherwisehelpusmemorize.However,takingphotoscanbenefitmemory—whendonemindfully.Whiletakingaphotomaybedistracting,theactofpreparationbyfocusingonvisualdetailsaroundhassomeupsides.Whenpeopletakethetimetozoomin(拉近镜头)onspecificthings,memoriesbecomestrengthened.Anotherbenefitisthatwerecallmomentsmoreaccuratelywiththephotos.Memoryhasbeenreshapedwiththehelpofnewinformationandnewexperiences.Thus,photosorvideoshelpusrecallmomentsasiftheyreallyhappened.Memoriesdieawaywithoutavisualrecordbackingthemup.Therefore,aphotoisanexcellenttooltohelprememberwhendonepurposefully,whichisworthexploringfurther.32.Whatisthepurposeofthefirstparagraph?A.Tointroducethetopicofthepassage.B.Tocallonreadersnottotakephotos.C.Toshowtheinterestintakingphotos.D.Toexplainhowtotakeperfectphotos.33.Whydoesphotography“outsource”memories?A.Photosaremoredetailedthanmemories.B.Manysourcesinfluencepeople’smemories.C.Peopledependmoreonphotostoremember.D.Takingphotosishelpfulforustomemorize.34.Whatwillbediscussednext?A.Situationswhentakingphotosisbetter.B.Whendistractionismostlikelytohappen.C.Howtousephoto-takingtomemorizebetter.D.Howtostayfocusedwhiletakingphotos.35.Whatmaybeasuitabletitleforthetext?A.Rememberthemomentandtakephotosproperly.B.Fewerphotos,strongermemories.C.Photos’effectsonmemoryrecall.D.Betterskills,sharpermemory.第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分,满分12.5分）阅读下面短文,从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。ThereisanEnglishsaying:___36___Untilrecently,fewpeopletookthesayingseriously.Now,however,doctorshavebeguntolookintolaughterandtheeffectsithasonthehumanbody.___37___Testswerecarriedouttostudytheeffectsoflaughteronthebody.Peoplewatchedfunnyfilmswhiledoctorscheckedtheirhearts,bloodpressure,breathingandmuscles.Itwasfoundthatlaughterhassimilareffectstophysicalexercise.Itincreasesbloodpressure,theheartbeatingandbreathing;italsoworksseveralgroupsofmusclesintheface,thestomachandeventhefeet.___38___Othertestshaveshownthatlaughterappearstobeabletoreducetheeffectofpainonthebody.Inoneexperimentdoctorsproducedpainingroupsofstudentswholistenedtodifferentradioprograms.Thegroupthattoleratedthepainforthelongesttimewasthegroupwhichlistenedtoafunnyprogram.___39______40___Inthisway,theyhelptoimprovetheirpatients’conditionbyencouragingthemtolaugh.Theyhavefoundthateveniftheirpatientsdonotreallyfeellikelaughing,makingthemsmileisenoughtoproducebeneficialeffectssimilartothosecausedbylaughter.A.Laughtercanprolongone’slife.B.Laughteristhebestmedicine.C.Iflaughterexercisesthebody,itmustbebeneficial.D.They’vefoundthatlaughterreallyimprovespeople’shealth.E.Despitethebenefits,doctorsstillcannotputthistheoryintopractice.F.That’sbecauselaughterproduceschemicalswhichreducestressandpain.G.Asaresultofthesediscoveries,somedoctorsintheUSnowholdlaughterclinics.第三部分语言运用（共四节,满分55分）第一节（共15小题；每小题1分,满分15分）阅读下面短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。AfteraninjurywashedupMarinaMurphy’scareerasadancer,shewantedtoachievesomethingdifferent.Shesether___41___ongoingtoAmericafromIreland.Shebelievedthattheworldwouldbeherstage,whereshecoulddoanythingshewanted.Shewouldhave___42___thatshewouldn’thaveanywhereelse.Fullof___43___,Marinapackedherthings,saidhergoodbyesandsetsailfortheUnitedStates.Alongtheway,Marinadaydreamedabouttheadventure.She___44___herselfmakinganentryintoHollywoodasamoviestar.However,herearlyexperiencesintheU.S.provedtobe___45___.Shespentverylittlemoneyandworkedseveralpart-timejobs.Additionally,shewas___46___asanactressformanytimes.Withsomuchfailure,shebegantowonderifshehadmadea___47___.Feeling___48___,Marinasatonaparkbenchcrying.Hersituationwas___49___likeherdreams.Itwasthenthatanelderlymannoticedherand____50____Marinanottogiveupjustyet.“Don’tjumpshipyet.Giveyourselfmoretimetoseeifyouwillsinkorswim.Ibelievethatthingswillgetbetter,"hesaid.Hiswordsworked.Marina____51____totestthewatersforayeartoseeifthingswould____52____.____53____，Marinadiscoveredthatsheeffortlessly____54____lifeinAmericaoverthecourseofthatyear.Theoldmanhadbeenright.Bypersevering(坚持)throughdifficulttimes,shefinallyfoundthehappinessand____55____shehadbeenlookingfor.41.A.feet B.sights C.adventure D.strategy42.A.chances B.jobs C.goals D.champions43.A.curiosity B.energy C.power D.hope44.A.pictured B.found C.enjoyed D.watched45.A.smooth B.different C.difficult D.pleasant46.A.turneddown B.turnedover C.takendown D.takenover47.A.difference B.mistake C.start D.change48A.annoyed B.nervous C.sad D.confused49.A.anything B.nothing C.something D.everything50.A.lectured B.promised C.encouraged D.forced51.A.asked B.refused C.decided D.managed52.A.improve B.survive C.exchange D.revive53.A.Immediately B.Naturally C.Certainly D.Surprisingly54.A.focusedon B.adaptedto C.dependedon D.turnedto55.A.kindness B.courage C.truth D.success第II卷第三部分语言运用第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）A阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Adam,afreshmanatseniorhighschool,foundthefirstweekwasalittle___56___(confuse).Hehadtothinkverycarefullyaboutwhichcourseshewantedtotake.Hisadvisersuggestedhimsigningup___57___advancedliteraturebecausehelikesEnglishandheisgoodatit.Besides,hewantedtojointheschoolfootballteam,___58___thecoachtoldhimthathedidn’tplaywellenough.Althoughhefelt___59___(happy),hedidn’tloseheartanddecidedtofindawaytoimprovehimself.Instead,Adamjoinedavolunteerclubtodohisbesttohelp___60___homelessinthecommunity.B阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Therearemanyfamousathletesathomeandabroad,oneofwhomisLangPing.Asacoach,sheledtheChinawomen’svolleyballteamtomedalsatworldchampionshipsandtheOlympics.WhenpreparingtheChineseteamforthe2015WorldCup,she___61___(test)byherdetermination.Oneofthebestplayersgot___62___(injure),andtheteamcaptainleftbecauseofheartproblems.___63___(lose)twoimportantplayersdidn’tgetLangPingtoloseheart.Shebelievedthatheryoung___64___(player)couldwiniftheyworkedtogetherasateam.Andtheyreallymade___65___.第三节（共10小题，每小题1.5分，满分15分）根据首字母或汉语提示，用单词的完整正确形式填空，每空填一个词。66.Mostcollegesnowofferfirst-yearstudentsacourseespecially_____________(设计)tohelpthemsucceedacademicallyandpersonally.(根据汉语提示单词拼写)67.Thebeautifulcampusleftadeepi________onthosewhovisitedit.(根据首字母单词拼写)68.Whatinventorshaveincommonisthattheyarec________aboutthethingsaroundthem.(根据首字母单词拼写)69.Humourcan________(改善)one’sappearanceandpersonality.(根据汉语提示单词拼写)70.Wehadaheated________(辩论)onwhetherstudentsshouldbeallowedtousesmartphonesatschool.(根据汉语提示单词拼写)71.Destructionoftheenvironmentisoneofthemostserious______________(挑战)weface.（根据汉语提示单词拼写）72.It’sstrongly________(推荐)thatparentsshouldnotallowchildrenundertwelvetoridebicyclestoschoolforsafety.(根据汉语提示单词拼写)73.Greenhousegasesarethoughttober________forglobalwarming.(根据首字母单词拼写)74.Whatsometeenagersdon’trealizeishowdifficultlifecanbeaftertheygeta________todrugs.(根据首字母单词拼写)75.Withallthe________(安排)inplaceformyparents’visit,Irangtoaskthemwhentheywouldarrive.(根据汉语提示单词拼写)76.Asisknowntoall,giantpandaisu________toChina.(根据首字母单词拼写)77.Lotsoffood,water,tentsandmedicinewere________(运送)fromalloverChinaandotherpartsoftheworldtotheearthquake-strickenarea.(根据汉语提示单词拼写)78.TheChineseDragonBoatFestivalisheldeveryyearinh________ofQuYuan,oneofthemostfamousancientpoets.(根据首字母单词拼写)79.PractisingChinesekungfucannotonlybuildupone’s________(体力),butalsodevelopone’scharacter.(根据汉语提示单词拼写)80.Itisimportanttolearntotakeap________attitudetolife.(根据首字母单词拼写)第四部分写作（满分25分）81.假定你是李华，昨天收到英国好友Alex的邮件，他说下个月想来中国旅行，希望你给他推荐一个城市。请你回复邮件。内容包括：1.推荐的城市；2.推荐理由；3.你的建议。注意：1.词数80左右；2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；3.信的开头和结尾已为你写好，不计入总词数。DearAlex,I’mgladtoknowthatyou’recomingtoChinaforavisit._______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Yours,LiHua答案版第二部分阅读（共两节,满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分,满分37.5分）阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AInternationalDevelopmentObserver(IDO)isagroupinChinathathelpswiththingsaroundtheworld.Thepeoplewholeaditareveryexperiencedinhelpingcountriesgrow.IDOworksonthreemainthings:howcountriesworktogether,howonecountryhelpsanother,andbigproblemsthataffecteveryone.Sinceitstartedin2020,IDOhaswrittenlotsofarticles,andmanypeoplefromdifferentcountrieshavereadthem.Thesereadersarefromgovernments,theUnitedNationsandNGOs.Now,IDOwantsstudentstohelpcheckhowwelltheirarticlesaretranslatedintoEnglish.Here'swhatthestudentswilldo.ROLESANDRESPONSIBILITIESWorkcloselywiththeIDOteamandvolunteerswhowillbetasked:·ReadtheEnglishversionsofarticlesthatwerefirstwritteninChinese.·MaketheEnglisharticlesontheIDOwebsiteevenbetter.WHATYOUGET·Yournamewillbeonthearticlesyouhelpwith,likeyou’retheeditor.·YoucanwriteyourownarticlesaboutthethingsIDOcaresaboutandputthemonthewebsite.·Youcanbeofferedarecommendationletteruponyourrequest.SELECTIONREQUIREMENT·BefluentinEnglish.·BettertobefluentinChinesetoo,butit’snotamust.·Havedonewellinschool.·Beexcitedtomakeadifference.Ifyouwanttojoin,sendanemailwithyourCV.Formoreinformation,pleaseclickhere.21.WhatisthemainpurposeofIDO?A.Tohelppeoplefromgovernments. B.Tomakemoneybywritingarticles.C.Tohelpwithinternationaldevelopment. D.Tocollectarticlesfromdifferentcountries.22.WhatcanastudentvolunteerexpecttogetfromworkingwithIDO?A.Agoodjobofferwithexpectedhighpay. B.AnopportunitytobeaneditorinIDO.C.Achancetopublisharticlesonitswebsite. D.Afreetripabroadasanexchangestudent.23.Whereisthetextmostprobablytakenfrom?A.Aresearchpaper. B.Abookreport.C.Asciencemagazine. D.Awebpage.【答案】21.C22.C23.DBItrytobeagoodfather.Cookmykidsgooddishes,andtakethemtophotoshoots.ButcomparedwithDickHoyt,Isuck.Eighty-fivetimeshe’spushedhisdisabledson,Rick,inmarathons.ThislovestorybeganinWinchester,Mass.,43yearsago,whenRickwasstrangled(缠住)bytheumbilicalcord(脐带)duringbirth,leavinghimbrain-damagedandunabletocontrolhislimbs(四肢).“He’llbeavegetabletherestofhislife,”doctorstoldDickandhiswife,Judy,whenRickwasninemonthsold.“Puthiminaninstitution.”ButtheHoytsweren’tbuyingit.TheynoticedthewayRick’seyesfollowedthemaroundtheroom.WhenRickwas11,theytookhimtotheengineeringdepartmentatTuftsUniversity.Equippedwithacomputer,Rickwasfinallyabletocommunicate.Afterahighschoolclassmatewasparalyzed(使瘫痪)inanaccident,andtheschoolorganizedacharityrunforhim,Ricksaid,“Dad,Iwanttodothat.”HowwasDick,amanwhoneverranmorethanamileatatime,goingtopushhissonfivemiles?Still,hetried.ThatdaychangedRick’slife.“Dad,”hetyped,“whenwewererunning,itfeltlikeIwasn’tdisabledanymore!”ThatsentencechangedDick’slife.HetriedhisbesttogiveRickthatfeelingasoftenashecould.Theyevendecidedtotrymarathons.“Noway,”Dickwastoldbyaraceofficial.Theyweren’tquiteasinglerunner,andtheyweren’tquiteawheelchaircompetitor.Forafewyears,DickandRickjoinedthemassivefieldandrananyway.In1983,theyrananothermarathonsofastthattheymadethequalifyingtimefortheBostonMarathonthefollowingyear.Nowthey’vedone85marathons.“MydadistheFatheroftheCentury,”Ricktyped.24.Whatdoestheunderlinedsentenceinparagraph2mean?A.TheHoytshadnomoneyfortheirson’streatment.B.TheHoytscouldn’taffordanyinstitution.C.TheHoytscouldn’tdealwiththesituation.D.TheHoytsdidn’tbelieveitwastrue.25.What’sdiscussedinthethirdparagraph?A.WhyRickbecameparalyzed. B.HowRickstartedrunning.C.WhyrunningchangedRick’slife D.HowRickcommunicatedwithothers.26.DickandRickwereabletojointhe1984BostonMarathonbecause________.A.theygotsupportfromacharity. B.theyranamarathonveryfast.C.theymetakindraceofficial. D.theyhadbecomeveryfamousintheprocess.27.Whatcanbelearnedfromthetext?A.Loveknowsnolimits.B.Takethingsastheycome.C.Manyhandsmakelightwork.D.Thereisnofirewithoutsmoke.【答案】24.D25.A26.B27.ACAtthistimeofyearthousandsofBritishtouristsareheadingtotheAustrianskislopes(斜坡),attractednotjustbythesnowtracks(跑道)butalsobytheprettyvillages,greatfoodanddrink,and,theAustrianlifesaverforparents,thekid-friendlyhotel.Confusing,then,arecentsurveybyInterNationsonExpat-FriendlyPlaceshasputAustriatheworstcountryintheworld(well,outof53countries)for“localfriendliness”.AsafrequentvisitortoAustria,Imustadmitbeingconfused.I’vehadmanyexperiencesthere,butnonethatIwouldcalltheleastbitunfriendly.Takemymostrecenttriptherelastweekendforexample.Viennainwinterisbeautifuland,ifyou’relucky,youmayhavesomesnow—despitewhich,thetransportsystemssuchasbusesandsubwayscontinuetoworkwell.FoodmarketshereopenearlyandIbeganatthemostfamous,theNaschmarkt,withitstwomainstreets,oneforrestaurants,theotherforfoodstalls(摊位).Butinsteadoftheexpectedrudetraders,Iwassurroundedbyencouragingsmiles!Sofar,sofriendly.So,ifAustriansarefunny,howcantheyalsobeunfriendly?Thisistheplace,afterall,wheretheyinventedabest-sellingchocolateknownasMozartballs(aftertheirmostoutstandingcomposer),balletforhorses(atVienna’sSpanishRidingSchool),andthefavouritenight-timesnackofsausages.DidIsayformal?Thatis,perhaps,attherootofthemisunderstanding.Austrianslikegoingtoballsandwearingtheirtraditionalclothes.Theyaresuperpoliteandhelpfultolosttourists.That’snottosayyoucan’tangeranAustrian.Forexample,beinglateisnottobeallowed.Mypointisthatyougetthebestofthetwocountriesclosesttothem:Everythingworks(asinGermany)andtheyliketohavefun(asinItaly).AndI’mnotaloneinmyopinion.AccordingtotheGlobalLiveabilityIndex,Viennaisthebestcitytoliveinontheplanetandithaswornthatparticularcrownforthepast10years.Perhaps,inthissituation,thestatistics(统计学)haverathermissedthepoint.28.WhyareBritishtouristsmentionedinparagraph1?A.Toshowtheyarethefriendliesttourists.B.Tointerestuswithaconfusingsituation.C.Tointroducethetopicoftourism.D.TocomparethemwithAustrians.29.WhathappenedtotheauthorattheNaschmarkt?A.Hecameacrosspolitetraders.B.Helosthiswayatthefoodmarkets.C.Hewasinspiredtosmileeveninwinter.D.Hewasconfusedbythetransportationsystems.30.WhatdoweknowaboutAustrians?A.Theyareserious. B.Theyliketobeontime.C.Theyareunfriendly. D.Theylikeformaluniforms.31.What’stheauthor’sattitudetowardsAustrian’sbadname?A.Indifferent. B.Favorable.C.Unclear. D.Opposed.【答案】28.B29.A30.B31.DDThesunissetting,brighteningyourkids’facesastheyplayinthewaves.Youreachforyourphoneforthisperfectmoment.Butbeforeyoudo,here’sabitofsurprisingscience:Takingphotosisnottheperfectwaytokeepmemoryasyouthink.Takingtoomanypicturescouldactuallyharmthebrain’sabilitytokeepmemories,saysElizabethLoftus,apsychologyprofessorattheUniversityofCalifornia,Irvine.Sowegetthephotobutkindoflosethememory.Photography“outsources”memories.Itworksintwoways:Weeithershakeofftheresponsibilityofrememberingmomentswhentakingpictures,orwe’resodistractedbytheprocessthatwemissthemomentaltogether.Thefirstexplanationisthelossofmemory.Peopleknowthattheircameraisrecordingthatmoment,sotheydon’ttrytoremember.Similarly,ifyouwritedownsomeone’sphonenumber,you’relesslikelytorememberitoffhandbecauseyourbraintellsyouthere’sjustnoneed.That’sallwellandgood—untilthatpieceofpapergoesmissing.Theotherisdistraction.We’redistractedbytheprocessoftakingaphotohowweholdourphone,composingthephoto,suchassmilingfaces,thebackgroundtoourlikingandclearimage,allofwhichusesupourattentionthatcouldotherwisehelpusmemorize.However,takingphotoscanbenefitmemory—whendonemindfully.Whiletakingaphotomaybedistracting,theactofpreparationbyfocusingonvisualdetailsaroundhassomeupsides.Whenpeopletakethetimetozoomin(拉近镜头)onspecificthings,memoriesbecomestrengthened.Anotherbenefitisthatwerecallmomentsmoreaccuratelywiththephotos.Memoryhasbeenreshapedwiththehelpofnewinformationandnewexperiences.Thus,photosorvideoshelpusrecallmomentsasiftheyreallyhappened.Memoriesdieawaywithoutavisualrecordbackingthemup.Therefore,aphotoisanexcellenttooltohelprememberwhendonepurposefully,whichisworthexploringfurther.32.Whatisthepurposeofthefirstparagraph?A.Tointroducethetopicofthepa