2021重庆合川市高考英语(五月)阅读理解专题自练及参考答案1

【由江苏省盐城市2022模拟改编】阅读理解。阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。FirstladyMichelleObamaturns50onFriday,Jan.17,2022.

MichelleObamahasspentthefirsthalf-centuryofherlifebreakingbarriersandcheckingoffaseriesoffirsts.Now,asshereacheshermilestonebirthdayFriday,thenationwillbewatchingtoseeinwhatotherareasshewillleavehermark.

FiveyearsaftermovingintotheWhiteHouse,andwithoutare-electioncampaigntoworryabout,shehasmoreroomtorelaxinherroleand,politicalwatcherssay,possiblybecomemorevocal(声音的)onpoliticalissuesinthethreeyearsleftinoffice.

Sofar,criticshavecomplainedaboutMichelle’ssilenceonissueswheretheyexpectedtohearhervoice:Lastyear,atthestartofherhusband'ssecondterm,shedisappointedadvocatesfortightergun-controlmeasuresaftershefailedtopushharderontheissueinresponsetothemassacre(残杀)atSandyHookElementarySchoolinNewtown,Conn.Shealsodisappointedsomefeminists(女权主义者)whowantedhertodefendtheircausesinsteadoffallingbackonherself-describedroleasthenation’s“mom-in-chief.”Nordidshehandleracialissuesduringhersecondterm,assomehadexpected.

“Themostimportantthingtorememberis,whetheryouareblack,whiteorHispanic,you’rethefirstladyandthepresidentofallthepeopleintheUnitedStates.That’sahugemeltingpot,sotoreinforce(强化)thatshe'sAfricanAmericanoveranythingelsewouldnotbewise,”saidAnitaMcBride,whodirectsprogrammingandnationalconferencesonthelegacies(遗产)ofAmerica’sfirstladiesandtheirhistoricalinfluenceatAmericanUniversity.

ValerieJarrett,atopWhiteHouseadviserandaclosefriendoftheObamas,saidthefirstladydoesn'twantto“spreadherselftoothin.”

“Shereallywantstohaveamaximumimpactandtodothatinfewerareas,”JarretttoldtheAssociatedPress.“That,shesaid,“isbetterthantryingtotakeoneverysinglepossiblecause.”

ButRobertWatson,aLynnUniversityprofessor,saidheexpectsObamato“goalittleharderatissues”overthenextseveralyears.“Second-termfirstladiesusuallyfeelmoreateasetospeakmoreforcefullyaboutissuesclosetotheirheart,”hesaid.

MyraGutin,aRyderUniversitycommunicationsprofessorandfrequentlectureronfirstladies,saidsheexpectsObamatocontinuemakingbothofthemapriorityinherremainingyearsintheWhiteHouse,giventheirsuccess.Michellelaunchedthe“Let’sMove”campaignin2010.Itinparticularhasgainedwidespreadsupport,rangingfromtheNationalFootballLeaguetotheSesameStreetfranchise(特许),whichevengavepermissiontotheproduceindustrytouseitslicensedcharactersforfreeonfruitsandvegetables.

“There’snosuchthingasatraditionalfirstlady,notanymoreinthistechnology-filledworld.IsMrs.Obamacuttingedge?Issheanactivist?No.Asfirstladiesgo,Ithinkshe’sbeenpoliticallycarefulbecauseshedoesnotwanttheretobeamajorflare-upthatwouldrequireherhusbandtousehispoliticalcapitaltocleanup,”shesaid.“Butshe’snotexactlyjustsittingintheWhiteHousepouringteaandhavingreceptions,either.”

A．shedidn’tputgun-controlmeasuresintoeffectB．shefailedsomefeministstostandouttobeacareerwomanC．shedidn’tsolvesomeracialproblemsD．shefailedtovoiceheropiniononsomeissues2、Accordingtotheprofessorsoradvisers,whichofthefollowingstatementsisNOTtrue?A．It’snotwisetoreinforceMichelleisAfricanAmericanoveranythingelse.B．It’sbetterforMichelletohaveamaximumimpactthantotakeoneverypossiblecause.C．It'sexpectedforMichelletogoalittleharderatissues.D．It’satraditionforfirstladiestostayoutofpoliticalissues.3、Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase“spreadherselftoothin”inParagraph6mean?A．Trytodoalotofworkatthesametime.B．Getverytired.C．Trytoimprovephysicalfitness.D．Moveherselfawayfromothers.4、InParagraph9,thecampaign“Let’sMove”mightbeaimingtohelppeople_______..

a.gainwidespreadsupport

b.becomemorephysicallyactive

c.haveaccesstohealthierfoods

d.raiseawarenessaboutguncontrolA．a,cB．a,bC．b,cD．c,d【参考答案】1---4、DDAC阅读理解。Evenplantcanrunafever,especiallywhenthey’reunderattackbyinsectsordisease.Butunlikehuman,plantscanhavetheirtemperaturetakenfrom3,000feetawaystraightup.Adecadeago,adoptingtheinfrared（红外线）scanningtechnologydevelopedformilitarypurposesandothersatellites,physicistStephenPaleycameupwithaquickwaytotakethetemperatureofcropstodeterminewhichonesareunderstress.Thegoalwastoletfarmerspreciselytargetpesticide（杀虫剂）sprayingratherthanrainpoisononawholefield,whichinvariablyincludesplantsthatdon’thavepest（害虫）problems.Evenbetter,Paley’sRemoteScanningServicesCompanycoulddetectcropproblemsbeforetheybecamevisibletotheeye.Mountedonaplaneflownat3,000feetatnight,aninfraredscannermeasuredtheheatemittedbycrops.Thedataweretransformedintoacolor-codedmapshowingwhereplantswererunning“fevers”.Farmerscouldthenspot-spray,using50to70percentlesspesticidethantheyotherwisewould.ThebadnewsisthatPaley’scompanycloseddownin1984,afteronlythreeyears.Farmersresistedthenewtechnologyandlong-termbackerswerehardtofind.Butwiththerenewedconcernaboutpesticidesonproduce,andrefinementsininfraredscanning,Paleyhopestogetbackintooperation.Agricultureexpertshavenodoubtthetechnologyworks.“Thistechniquecanbeusedon75percentofagriculturallandintheUnitedStates,”saysGeorgeOertherofTexasA&M.RayJackson,whorecentlyretiredfromtheDepartmentofAgriculture,thinksremoteinfraredcropscanningcouldbeadoptedbytheendofthedecade.ButonlyffPaleyfindsthefinancialbackingwhichhefailedtoobtain10yearsago.16．Plantswillemitanincreasedamountofheatwhentheyare______________.A.sprayedwithpesticidesB.facinganinfraredscannerC.inpoorphysicalconditionD.exposedtoexcessivesunrays17．Inordertoapplypesticidesprayingprecisely,wecanuseinfraredscanningto____________.A.estimatethedamagetothecropsB.measurethesizeoftheaffectedareaC.drawacolor-codedmapD.locatetheproblemarea18．Farmerscansaveaconsiderableamountofpesticideby______________.A.resortingtospot-sprayingB.consultinginfraredscanningexpertsC.transformingpoisonedrainD.detectingcropproblemsatanearlystage19．Theapplicationofinfraredscanningtechnologytoagriculturemetwithsomedifficulties_______________.A.thelackofofficialsupportB.itshighcostC.thelackoffinancialsupportD.itsfailuretohelpincreaseproduction20．Infraredscanningtechnologymaybebroughtbackintooperationbecauseof_____________.A.thedesireoffarmerstoimprovethequalityoftheirproduceB.growingconcernabouttheexcessiveuseofpesticidesoncropsC.theforcefulpromotionbytheDepartmentofAgricultureD.fullsupportfromagriculturalexperts[全解全析] 41—45CDACB本篇是一篇说明文，主要介绍了将原用于军事和卫星的红外线扫描技术运用于农业的前景，人们为此所做出的努力及遇到的困难。16．C。细节理解题。依据文章其次自然段第2行“．．．aninfraredscannermeasuredtheheatemittedbycrops．Thedataweretransformedintoacolor-codedmapshowingwhereplantswererunning‘fevers’”，说明植物在发“高烧”，也就是说，“身体状况”不佳时才会散发热，所以选项C符合题意。17．D。推理推断题。本题要求推断使用红外线扫描技术的目的。依据文章其次自然段第4行“．．．showingwhereplantswererunning‘fevers’．Farmerscouldthenspotspray，．．．”说明目的是确定有问题的区域，以使农夫有针对性地喷杀虫剂。明显，选项D（确定有问题的地域）为最佳选项。18．A。细节理解题。依据文章其次自然段最终一句“Farmerscouldthenspot-spray,using50to70percentlesspesticidethantheyotherwisewould”（实行点喷，农夫们可以节省平常用量的50％至70％的杀虫剂），选项A符合题意。19．C。推理推断题。依据文章第三自然段的第1句“ThebadnewsisthatPalely’scompanycloseddownin1984，afteronlythreeyears．Farmersresistedthenewtechnologyandlong-termbackerswerehardtofind”，从中可以看出红外线扫描技术应用于农业遇到了一些问题，缘由有两个：一是农夫对新技术的抵制，二是难以找到长期赞助商。文章中还有一处明显的提示毁灭在最终一句：“ButonlyifPalelyfindsthefinancialbackingwhichhefailedtoobtain10yearsago”．从该句供应的信息同样可以反推出10年前的情形，所以选项C正确。20．B。细节理解题。依据文章第三自然段第2行“Butwiththerenewedconcernaboutpesticideonproduce,andrefinementsininfraredscanning，Palelyhopestogetbackintooperation”，可知B项（出于对杀虫剂过度使用的担忧）符合题意。【2022高考英语四川省成都市一模试题】A阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。(共20小题；每小题2分，满分40分)OnceDr.Mellinkoffinvitedmetojoinhimatthehospitaltodiscussinterestingcaseswithhisstudents.ThecaseathandwasaGuatemalanman,aged34,whohadafeverandmanyothermedicalproblems.Hisconditionwasnotimproving,andtherewasnotmuchhopehewouldlive.Dr.Mellinkoffaskedtoseethepatient.HeintroducedhimselfinSpanishand,inaverygentlevoice,askedhowhefelt.Thepatientsmiledandsaideverythingwasallright.Thenthedoctoraskedifhewasabletoeat.Thepatientsaidthathehadnodesiretoeat.“Areyougettingfoodyoulike?”Thepatientsaidnothing.“Doyougetthekindoffoodyouhaveathome?”Theanswerwasno.Thedoctorputhishandontheman’sshoulderandhisvoicewasverysoft.“If,youhadfoodthatyouliked,wouldyoueatit?”“Yes,yes.”thepatientsaid.Thechangeinthepatient’sappearancecouldn’thavebeenmoreobvious.Nothingwassaid,butitwaseasytotellthatamessagehadbeensentandhadalsobeenreceived.Later,thedoctoraskedwhytheGuatemalanmanwasn’tgettingfoodhecouldeat.Oneofthestudentssaid,“Weallknowhowdifficultitistogetthekitchentomakespecialmeals.”“Suppose,”thedoctorreplied,“youfeltacertainmedicinewasabsolutelynecessarybutthatourhospitaldidn’tcarryit,wouldyouacceptdefeatorwouldyouinsistthehospitalmeetyourrequest?”“Iwouldprobablyinsist,”thestudentsaid.“Verywell,”thedoctorsaid.“Youmightwanttotrythesamemethodinthekitchen.Itwon’tbeeasy,butIcanhelpyouMeanwhile,let’sgetsomefoodinsidethismanasfastaspossible,andstaywithit.Orhe’llbekilledbyhunger.Bytheway,theremustbesomeoneamongyouwhocanspeakSpanish.Ifwewanttomakerealprogress,weneedtobeabletotalkwithhim.”Threeweekslater,Dr.MellinkofftoldmethattheGuatemalanmanhadleftthehospitalunderhisownpower.Ittakesmorethanmedicinetohelpsickpeople;youalsohavetotalktothemandmakethemcomfortable.31.Thepatienthadnodesiretoeatbecause__________.A.hewasnothungry B.hewasseriouslyillC.hewasgivenspecialmeals D.hewasnotsatisfiedwiththefood32.Accordingtothepassage,wecanconcludethat__________.A.thepatientwasfromanothercountry.B.thepatient’sillnesswascausedbyhungerC.Dr.MellinkoffperformedanoperationonthepatientD.thehospitalfailedtoprovidetherightmedicineforthepatient33.WhichofthefollowingwordscanbeusedtodescribeDr.Mellinkoff?A.Cold. B.Considerate. C.Curious. D.Confident.34.WhatdoyouthinkDr.Mellinkoffwantedtotellhisstudentsinthiscase?A.Doctorsshouldknowtheirpatients’realproblems.B.Doctorsshouldbeabletospeakforeignlanguages.C.Doctorsshouldtrytoimprovetheirmedicalskills.D.Doctorsshouldgivemoremedicinetopatients.【参考答案】31-34：DABA阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A.B.C和D项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。AAcoupleofyearsago,beforeatriptoChina,NicoleDavisandherUSwomen’svolleyballteammateswerewarnedabouttheprominence(显著、突出)ofcoach“Jenny”LangPinginhernativecountry.“IwaspushedoverbyChinesejournalistswhileIwasjusttryingtoputmyluggageonthebus,”saidDavis.Knownasthe“IronHammer”forherpunishingspikes(扣球),LangmadeitpossibleforChinatodominateinthesportintheearly1980s.ShewasakeyplayeronChina’s1984Olympicgoldmedalwinningteam.WhentheUSteamarrivedfortheOlympics,Lang,48,whoisfromBeijing,hadtotakeadifferentroutetoavoidacrowdofreportersandfans.ThencamethegreatestmomenttoLang：WhiletheUSteamwasplayinginapackedgym,atleast8,000ChinesefansunfurledanAmericanflag.“Thatreallysaysitall,”Davissaid.“Theylookatherasanicon(偶像)．I’msureit’shardforthemtoseehercoachinganothercountry,buttheyloveherso高考资源网lythathersuccessistheirsuccess.”TheloyaltyoftheChinesefanswastestedonFriday,whenChinalostamatchtotheUS.“It’sapitythatChinalostthematch,butI’mstillgladthatLangPing’steamwon,sincesheistheprideofChina’svolleyball,”saidLiuChengli,aspectator.“WealsocheeredforLang’svictory.”Langsaidshejusttriedtostayprofessionalwhenthetwoteamsmeet.“Itdoesn’tmatterifweplayChinaoranyotherteam.It’sthesame.”Langsaid.DavissaidsheandherteammatescouldnothaveimaginedthepassionforvolleyballamongChinesebecausethesportwaslackofpopularityintheUS.ThereceptionfromChinesefanshastouchedtheUSplayers,saidUSvolleyballplayerLindseyBerg.“It’ssuchanhonortobehereandplayforourcoachhereinChina,”shesaid.“Theamounto