2022湖南邵东县高考英语单项选择和阅读理解精炼(4)及答案

阅读下列四篇短文，从每小题后所给的A,B,C或D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。America'sTop4TouristAttractionsBelowyou'llfindthemostpopulartravelandvacationdestinationsintheUS.1．TimesSquare，NewYorkCityThisManhattancrossroadsofcommerceisthetopspotonourlist，thankstoincreasingvisitorstotheBigApplein2008despitetheeconomicturndown.Accordingtostatistics，“80%ofvisitorstoNYCmakeitapointtovisitTimesSquare.”TotalNYCvisitslastyearwere47million，givingusanestimateof37.6milliontravelersthroughthe“CrossroadsoftheWorld”．2．TheLasVegasStrip，Nev.The“NeonTrail”thatmakesuptheheartofSinCityisalsopartofthefederalgovernment'sNationalScenicBywaysProgram，whichdesignatesroadsbasedon“archeological，cultural，historic，natural，recreationalandscenicqualities”．HardtosaywhichofthesequalitiesbestdescribesVegas，butwecandisqualify“natural”．Lastyear，totalvisitorstoLasVegasnumbered37.5million；apollbytheLasVegasConventionandVisitorsAuthorityfoundthatanaverageof80%ofvisitorshadeitherstayedovernightorgambled(赌博)ontheStrip.3．NationalMallandMemorialParks，Washington，D.C.Manyofthenation'siconic(图标的)publiclandmarksarefoundinthe1,000－plusacresoftheNationalMallandMemorialParks，includingtheWashingtonMonument，theLincolnandJeffersonmemorials，andtheKoreanandVietnamWarVeteransmemorials.TheSmithsonianInstitution's19museumsarealsoclosetotheMall；lastyear，thenetworkoffreemuseumsdrewmorethan25millionvisitors.4．FaneuilHallMarketplace，BostonBuiltin1742byPeterFaneuil，awealthyBostonmerchant，FaneuilHallservedasacommercialcenterofthecityforcenturiesandasiteforfamousorations(演说)，likeSamuelAdams'independence－rallyingspeechtocolonists.Faneuilalsoincludestherestored19th－centuryQuincyMarket.Today，shoppersaccountforalargeshareofvisitors.Faneuil'shistoricsignificancevaultsittothestatusofculturalattraction，attracting20millionvisitorseveryyear.【语篇解读】本文介绍了美国最受欢迎的四个巡游胜地——位于纽约市曼哈顿区的时代广场和赌博之城拉斯维加斯、华盛顿的国家广场和纪念公园以及波士顿的法尼尔厅市场。1．HowmanyvisitorsstayedovernightorgambledinLasVegaslastyear?A．47million. B．37.5million.C．30million. D．25million.解析细节理解题。依据笫三段的内容可知，去年到拉斯维加斯的游客是3750万，其中80%在那里过夜或者赌博。通过计算可知选C。答案C2．WecaninferthatmanytouristscometoWashington，D.C.________.A．togetfreeaccesstomuseumsB．toenjoytheviewofitssquareC．toshopinthefamousmarketD．tofindpleasureinnaturalscenery解析推理推断题。依据第三个景点下面所叙述内容的最终一句可推知，很多游客去华盛顿是为了参观那里免费的博物馆。答案A.3．WhatdoweknowaboutFaneuilHallMarketplace?A．Itistheoldestmarketintheworld.B．Itsbuildingsdatebackto150years.C．Itisfamousforthevarietyofgoods.D．Itgotitsnamefromarichbusinessman.解析推理推断题。依据最终一段内容可知，始建于1742年的法尼尔厅市场得名于一个名为PeterFaneuil的富商。答案D。阅读下列四篇短文，从每小题后所给的A,B,C或D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。WhenDebbieMacomberdecidedtopursueherdreamofbecomingawriter，sherentedatypewriter，putitonthekitchentable，andbegantypingeachmorningbeforethekidswenttoschool.Whenthekidscamehome，shemovedthetypewriterandmadethemdinner.Whentheywenttobed，shemoveditbackandtypedsomemore.Fortwoyears，Debbiefollowedthisroutine.Supermomhadbecomeastrugglingwriterandshewaslovingeveryminuteofit.Onenight，however，herhusband，saidtoher，“Honey，I'msorry，butyou'renotbringinginanyincome.Wecan'tdothisanymore.Wecan'tsurviveonjustwhatImake.”Thatnight，herheartbrokenandhermindtoobusytolethersleep.Shestaredattheceilingintheirdarkenedbedroom.Debbieknew—withalloftheresponsibilitiesofkeepingupahouseandlookingafterfourkids—thatworking40hoursaweekwouldleavehernotimetowrite.Seeingherdespair，herhusbandwokeupandasked，“What'swrong？”“IreallythinkIcouldhavemadeitasawriter，Ireallydo.”Waynewassilentforalongtime，andthensaid，“Allright，honey，goforit.”SoDebbiereturnedtoherdreamandhertypewriteronthekitchentable，poundingoutpageafterpageforanothertwoyears.Herfamilywentwithoutvacations，pinchedpennies，andworehand－me－downs.Butthesacrificeandthepersistencefinallypaidoff.Afterfiveyearsofstruggling，Debbiesoldherfirstbook.Thenanother.Andanother.Untilfinally，today，Debbiehaspublishedmorethan100books，threeofwhichhavebeensoldformovies.Over60millioncopiesareinprint，andshehasmillionsofloyalfans.AndWayne？Allthatsacrificeinsupportofhiswifepaidoffhandsomely.Hegottoretireatage50andnowspendshistimebuildinganairplaneinthebasementoftheir7,000square－footmansion.Debbie'skidsgotagiftfarmoreimportantthanafewsummercamps.Asadults，theyrealizewhatDebbiegavethemwasfarmoreimportant—permissionandencouragementtopursuetheirowndreams.【语篇解读】本文主要叙述了DebbieMacomber坚持不懈地追赶自己的幻想，最终取得成功的故事。1．Herhusbandaskedhertogiveupwritingbecause________.A．hewantedhertodomorehouseworkratherthanjustwriteB．shecouldn'tearnanymoneyanditwashardforthemtomakeendsmeetC．hewantedhertofindabetter－paidjobthatinterestedherD．hethoughtkeepingupahousewasawife'sresponsibility解析细节理解题。依据其次段可知她的丈夫感到自己一个人挣钱实在难以应付家庭的开支，期望她能放弃写作，去挣钱分担家庭的负担，故B项符合题意。答案B。2．WhichofthefollowingstatementsisTRUEaccordingtothepassage?A．Debbiespent40hoursinwritingaweekbeforeshesucceededasawriter.B．Debbie'sfamilyoftenwentoutonvacationswithouther.C．Debbie'shusbandgaveuphisownjobtosupportherwriting.D．Debbie'ssuccesshasbroughtherlotsofmoney.解析细节理解题。依据倒数其次、三段可知，Debbie作为一个职业作家获得了巨大的成功，改善了家人的生活条件，故D项符合文意。答案D。3．Wecaninferfromthelastparagraphthat________.A．Waynedoesn'tbenefitfromherwife'ssuccessB．Debbiehasgreatinfluenceonherchildren'sgoingaftertheirdreamsC．Debbie'skidsallrealizedtheirdreamsasadultsD．Debbieisafailureasamotherwhilesheisasuccessasawriter解析推理推断题。依据最终一段内容可知，Debbie支持鼓舞她的孩子追求幻想，给了孩子们比野营更重要的礼物，Debbie对她的孩子追求幻想有着极大的影响，故B项正确。答案B。4．What'sprobablythebesttitleforthepassage?A．Goforit B．AgreatmotherC．Unionisstrength D．Writingpaysmore解析主旨大意题。本文主要叙述了DebbieMacomber坚持不懈地追赶自己的幻想，并取得成功的故事，告知我们要努力争取，坚持不懈。Goforit表示“努力争取”，形象地表达了文章的主旨。答案A.。阅读下列四篇短文，从每小题后所给的A,B,C或D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。Themulti－millionpoundnewLibraryofBirmingham(LoB)willbethemostvisiblesignofthewaythecityisacceptingthedigitalization(数字化)ofeverydaylife.Settoopenin2021，the￡188mLoBisalreadybeginningtotakeshapenexttotheBirminghamRepertoryTheatre，withwhichitwillsharesomeequipment.Asdigitalmedia(媒介)isimportanttoits_idea，theprojectisalreadyprovidingchancesforsomeofthemanysmallnewlocalcompaniesworkingatthenewtechnologies.BrianGambles，theLoBprojectdirector，saysitisaboutgivingpeopletherighttoolsforlearning：“Theaimistomixthephysicalwiththedigital，providing24－hourserviceswhichcanbeusedthroughmanydifferentways.Itisimportanttoenableustoreachmorepeople，moreeffectively.”Thedigitallibrarywill，hesays，beasimportantasthephysicalone，allowingthedistantuseoftheservices,makingsurethatitisneverclosedtothepublic.EvenbeforetheLoBiscomplete，thepublichasbeenabletogoonlinetovisittheVirtual(虚拟的)LoB，designedbyBaden，theBirminghamvirtualworldsspecialists.NotonlyhavethepublicbeenabletolearnabouttheLoB，butthevirtualonehasalsoenabledthoseworkingontheLoBtounderstandthebuildingandhowitwillworkbeforeitevenopens.TwoothersmallBirmingham－baseddigitalcompaniesarealsoworkingontheLoBprojects.Substrat，adigitaldesigncompany，isdevelopingwhatitcallsanexampleofan“enlargedreality”project.Itisabouttheuseofanexcitingsmartphone，animportantpartoftheLoBwhichisintheearlystagesofdevelopment.AndThePeople'sArchiveisanonlinelibraryofhistoricalfiguresofthecitybeingbuiltupbyadigitalcontentcompanyinCahoots，inwhichuserswillbeencouragedtoaddtoandcommentonthematerial.Gamblessays：“Technologywillenableustomakethelibrary'scontentandservicesopentocitizensasneverbefore”【语篇解读】本文是一则新闻报道。即将落成的LibraryofBirmingham(LoB)将是伯明翰市接受日常生活数字化的标志。1．Theunderlinedpart“itsidea”inParagraph3referstotheideaof________.A．theequipment B．theprojectC．thedigitalmedia D．thephysicallibrary解析词义猜想题。第三段中的“theproject”指的是文章中毁灭的“theLoBproject”，结合画线部分的上下文语境可知此处讲的是数字媒体对这个项目很重要，所以B项正确。答案B2．WhilevisitingtheVirtualLoB，thepubliccan________.A．getageneralideaoftheLoBB．meetmanyworld－famousexpertsC．learnhowtoputupalibrarybuildingD．understandhowthespecialistsworkontheproject解析细节理解题。依据第六段中的“NotonlyhavethepublicbeenabletolearnabouttheLoB...”可知，公众访问虚拟LoB可了解LoB的大体状况。答案A3．WhichofthefollowingistrueoftheLoBwhenitopens?eq\x(\a\al(a.Itoffersbetterlearningtools.,b.Itreachesusersindifferentways.,c.Itprovidesuserswithsmartphones.,d.Itallowsuserstoenrichitsmaterial.,e.Itgivesnon－stopphysicalanddigitalservices.))A．a，b，dB．a，c，eC．b，c，dD．b，d，e解析推理推断题。依据第四段内容可知a、b两项正确，e项错误；依据倒数其次段的其次、三句可知c项错误；由倒数其次段的最终一句可知d项正确。故选A项。答案A4．Thetextismostprobablytakenfrom________.A．acomputerbook B．alibraryguideC．aprojecthandbook D．anewspaperreport解析推理推断题。文章主要介绍了即将落成的LibraryofBirmingham(LoB)的相关状况，最有可能是一则新闻报道。答案D。阅读下列四篇短文，从每小题后所给的A,B,C或D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。It'sinterestingtoseehowpeoplemakeuseofthetimetheyspendonpublictransportinIndiancitieslikeDelhiandMumbai.Incrowdedbusesandtrainspeoplemanagetotakeashortnapandsomeevenreachthesnoringstage.Ortheyspreadoutanewspaperovermultiplekneesandarmstoreadaboutthelatestsportresultsorpoliticalcrisis.Thentherearetheexperiencedtravellerswhohavebeenplayingcardswiththesamegroupoverthelastdecadeorso.Theyevenhavetheirspecificseatssowell－wornthatyoucanmakeouttheshapeoftheirbacksides.Thereisnodoubtaboutit.Travellingbypublictransportisbeinginthethickoftheseasonsoflife－asweatylifeinsummerwherepeople，blissfullyunawareoftheriversofsweatrunningdowntheirbrowsandinsidetheirclothes.Atthefirstsmellofaperfumedmanorwomanboardingthestuffybusortrain，mostpeoplefeeltheyarereborn.Duringtherainsyoucan'tavoidgettingwetormuddied.Thewindows，almostalways，arenotaperfectfitandifyou'renotdrenchedbyasudden，heavyrainshowerthenyouareboundtocatchajetsprayofmuddywatercausedbyafellowmotoristdrivingfastthroughapuddle.Therainsareaperfecttimeforpeopletoswitchtheiroldumbrellasfornewones.Sincetherearesomanythatlookalike，it'simpossibletotellwhoseiswhose.Winteristhetimewhenitfeelsgood－oratleastwarm—tobepartofacrowd.Itisamazinghowmuchthecollectivebreathsofahundredorsopeoplecanraisethefreezingtemperatureinside.Lookingatthemassesdressedintheirbrightredpulloversorgreencoats，it'sfuntoimaginewhatfacesliebeneaththeirdarkwoolenhats.Thecoldwinterpasses，makingwayforspring.Itisimpossiblenottoseeeverylittleflowerbythewaysidebloomingproudly.Andthewarmsunmanagestotransmitsomeoftheirpleasantnesstotheinsideofabusortrain.Now，wouldn'titbeperfectifwehadpublictransportworththenameinallourcities?【语篇解读】一般的画面，平常的生活，变化的季节，永恒的旋律，印度的公共交通工具上每天都演绎着平凡人平淡的故事。1．OnIndianpublictransport，youcanalwaysexpecttoseepeople________.A．sleepingandreadingnewspapersB．arguingandplayinggamesC．enjoyingtheviewandplayingcardsD．carryingumbrellasandwhisperingpolitely解析细节理解题。依据其次段中的内容可知在印度的公共交通工具上，可以看到人们在睡觉或者在看报纸。答案A。2．Accordingtotheauthorwhatwillmakepassengersfeelrefreshedwhentravellinginsummer?A．Thecooleveningbreeze.B．Therainpouringovertheirclothes.C．Thejoyofagameofcards.D．Thesweetfragranceofanewpassenger.解析细节理解题。依据第四段最终一句的内容可知，一位新乘客散发出的香味能让车上的乘客神清气爽，犹如重生。答案D。3．Ifyouseepeopleincolourfulclothingandbreathingheavily，youareprobablytravellingduringthe________.A．summer B．rainyseasonsC．winter D．spring解析推理推断题。依据倒数第三段中的内容可推知，当人们穿着各色衣服并且大口呼吸的时候，这里是”冬季”。答案C。4．Wecaninferfromthepassagethat________.A．Indianpeopledon'tmindswitchingumbrellaswithothersB．almosteveryoneinIndiawearsperfumewhentheygooutC．thebusesandtrainsareoldandinpoorconditionsD．Indiantransportisthemostcrowdedintheworld解析推理推断题。结合第三段以及第五段中的内容可推知，公共汽车和火车都很破旧。答案C。5．Whatisthetuneoflanguageusedinthispassage?A．Humourous. B．Critical.C．Frightening. D．Concerned.解析推理推断题。文章生动形象地刻画了印度公共交通工具上的众生相，依据文章中的多处细节描写可知作者笔调“幽默”。后三项分别表示“批判的”“令人恐惊的”“担忧的”，都不是本文的写作风格。答案A.2021高考英语（附解析答案）Ⅰ.单项填空 1．Weareatyourservice.Don’t______toturntousifyouhaveanyfurtherproblems.A．beg B．hesitateC．desire D．seek解析考查动词词义辨析。beg“恳求”；hesitate“迟疑”；desire“渴望”；seek“寻求”。hesitatetodosth.“迟疑做某事”。句意：我们(随时)为你服务。假如你还有什么问题，请不要迟疑找我们帮忙。答案B2．Hebetrayedhisfriends______theenemy，whichsurprisedusall.A．to B．forC．with D．by解析“出卖……”应当用betraysb.to...结构，由此可知正确答案。答案A3．______achievement，lastweek’sministerialmeetingoftheWTOhereearnedalow，thoughnotfailing，grade.A．Intermsof B．IncaseofC．Asaresultof D．Infaceof解析incaseof以防万一，以免；asaresultof由于……的结果；infaceof面对。句意：就成就而言，上周的WTO部长级会议虽然没有失败，但是收效甚微。答案A4．Thebooksinthelibraryareclassified______subject.A．under B．inC．by D．as解析classify“分类，归类”。句意：图书室的书按科目分类排放。答案C5．Thehistoryteacheroftentellshisstudentsto______theknowledgetheyhavelearnedaccordingtochapters.A．separate B．divideC．classify D．collect解析考查动词词义辨析。句意：历史老师经常让他的同学们把学过的学问按章节进行分类整理。只有C项有此意，符合这个语境。答案C6．—Whendidtheaccidenthappen?—______whenIwaswalkinginthestreet.A．Theotherday B．SomedayC．Anotherday D．Otherday解析theotherday几天前；someday将来的某一天；anotherday改天。答案A7．Ifeelsurethat______qualification，abilityandexperience，youareabundantlysui