中考冲刺六：对话及交际用语技巧（基础知识）

中考冲刺六：对话及交际用语技巧责编：王晓丽【真题再现】I.单项选择。1.—__________?(2014山西)—Sorry.ThereisnoonenamedGary.Youmusthavethewrongnumber.A.CanIhelpyouB.What’sthematterC.IsthatGaryspeaking2.—Bill,canIgetyouanythingtodrink?(2014黄冈)－______.A.Youarewelcome.B.Noproblem.C.Iwouldn’tmindacoffee.D.Itdoesn’tmatter3.－CanIbringafriendtoyourbirthdayparty?(2014安徽)－Sure,______.A.noproblem B.notatall C.mypleasure D.welldone4.—Yourpencilcaselooksreallybeautiful.(2014临沂)—________.Butinfact,Gina’slooksbetterthanmine.A.Ofcourse B.Notatall C.I’mafraidnot D.Thankyou5.—Iwasjustintimetogetthereforthemeeting.Thankyouforlendingmethebike.—__________.(2014上海)A.That’sright.B.Ofcoursenot.C.You’rewelcome.D.Thesametoyou.6.—Wouldyoulikesomejuice?(2014十堰)—________.I’dlikesomethingtoeat.A.Yes,please. B.Noproblem. C.That’sOK. D.No,thanks.7.—Whatabouthavingadrink?(2014杭州)—_______.A.Helpyourself B.Nevermind C.You’reright D.Goodidea.8.—WouldyoumindifIturnontheradio?(2014达州)—________.Thebabyissleepinginthenextroom.A.No,Idon’tmind B.Notatall C.Betternot D.That’sallright9.—Toobadyoudidn’tgotothebeachwithus．Itwassomuchfunthere!Youmustgonexttime.(2015南京)—______.Idon’tthinkI’llhaveanyfun．Ican’tswim.A．Yes，pleaseB．No,thanksC．YouarewelcomeD．Mypleasure10.—TheradiosaysitwillrainnextSunday.(2015呼和浩特)—_______．We’regoingforapicnicthatday.A．Ihopeitwill B．I’mafraidnotC．Idon’tthinkso D．Ihopenot 11.—Hello!CouldIspeaktoBetty，please?(2015南宁)—Hello!_________A．Canyouhelpme?B．AreyouOK?C．ThisisBettyspeaking．D．Haveaniceday．12.—Guesswhat?Iwonthedancingcompetitionlastweek．(2015西宁)—Wow!_______!A．NevermindB．NoproblemC．Congratulations13.—Hurryup,orwewillmissthesealionshowintheOceanPark．(2015广东)—______．Westillhavefifteenminutesbeforetheshowbegins．A．TakeiteasyB．GoodluckC．IguesssoD．Takecare14.—Iwillhaveanimportantmatchtomorrow.IhopeIwillwin.(2015安徽)—______.A.Goodluck B.Noidea C.That’ssuchapity D.It’sallright15.—Jack,I'dliketohaveyouropinionsaboutmyreport.(2015常州)—________.ButIhaveonesuggestion.A.That'sagoodideaB.IagreewithyouC.ItlooksfinetomeD.CheckitfirstII.补全对话。(A)Completethedialoguewithproperwordsorsentences.(2015黑龙江省龙东地区)A:Hello,couldIspeaktoLinda?B:1.A:Hi,Linda,it'sJudyhere.Icalledyouatsevenandyoudidn'tpickup.2?B:Iwastakingashoweratthattime.A:Isee.Whatareyougoingtodothisweekend?B:3.Idon'thaveanyplans.A:4?B:ScienceMuseum?No,Ihaven't.A:Wouldyouliketogowithme?B:5.Whenandwhereshallwemeet?A:Let'smeetattheschoolgateateightonSaturdaymorning.B:That'sadeal.(B)根据对话内容，从方框内的选项中，选择5个恰当的句子完成对话。(2015黄冈)(NancycomestoHuanggangforatour.ShemeetsLiFeiinthestreet.)N:Goodafternoon!I’mNancy.Nicetomeetyou!L:Nicetomeetyou,too.I’mLiFei.1._________N:Yes.IhearHuanggangisabeautifulcity.Bytheway,whereareyougoing?L:I’mgoingtorelaxmyselfbyWestLake.2._________N:Sure,I’dloveto.(Tenminuteslater.)N:Look!Therearesomanypeopleboatingonthelake.Why?L:3._________QuYuanwasagreatpoetinancientChina.Onthatday,wealsothrowzongziintothelakeorriver.N:Soundsveryinteresting.4._________L:You’rewelcome.Oh,Nancy.Ihavetoleavenow.I’llpreparefortomorrow’sfinalexam.N:5._________Goodbye!L:Bye-bye!A.Wouldyouliketogotherewithme?B.WhendidyoucometoHuanggang?C.Oh,they’repreparingfortomorrow’sDragonBoatFestivalinmemoryofQuYuan.D.OK.Goodlucktoyou!E.Areyouonavacationhere?F.CouldyoutellmesomethingaboutDragonBoatFestival?G.Thankyoufortellingmealot.【答案与解析】单项选择。1.C。句意：——你是Gary吗？——对不起。这儿没有叫Gary的人。你一定是打错电话了。A：你要些什么？B：怎么了？C：你是Gary吗？根据句意及情景可知答案为C项。2.C。句意：――Bill，我可以请你喝点什么吗？――我不介意喝杯咖啡。A：不客气；B：没问题；C：我不介意喝杯咖啡；D：没关系。由题意可知选C。3.A。句意：——我可以带一位朋友参加你的生日聚会吗？——当然，没问题。noproblem没问题；notatall没关系(回答“感谢”和“对不起”)；mypleasure我的荣幸（回答感谢）；welldone干得好(回答鼓励)。本题容易误选mypleasure，注意它的固定用法，即对感谢的回答，故选A。4.D。本句意为：——你的铅笔看起来很漂亮，——谢谢你，但是实际上，Gina的看起来比我的更漂亮。A.Ofcourse当然；B.Notatall一点也不；C.I’mafraidnot我恐怕不是；D.Thankyou谢谢。5.C。句意：——我正好及时到那儿赶上了开会。谢谢你借给我自行车。——不客气。A：那是对的。B：当然不。C：不客气。D：你也一样。由对话情景可知答案为C项。6.D。本题意为：——你想要一些果汁吗？——不用了，谢谢，我想吃点东西。由后面答语可知，现在不需要喝的东西，所以答案选D。7.D。Helpyourself请随便用；Nevermind不要紧；You’reright你是对的；Goodidea.好主意。根据句意“—喝杯饮料怎样？—”，结合对别人的建议的肯定回答最好用Goodidea或OK等，故选D。8.C。本题意为：——你介意我打开广播吗？——最好不要，宝宝正在隔壁房间睡觉，由后半句的Thebabyissleepinginthenextroom.可知前面应该是否定回答；A.No,Idon’tmind我不介意；B.Notatall一点也不；C.Betternot最好不要；D.That’sallright不用谢。9.B。句意：——你没有和我们一起去海滩真是太糟了。那里有很多好玩的。你下次一定要去。——不，谢谢！我认为我不会有很多乐趣的。我不会游泳。Yes，please是的，请(这么做)；No,thanks不，谢谢；Youarewelcome你太客气了；Mypleasure我的荣幸。根据句意，用No,thanks表示拒绝对方的建议，故选B项。10.D。由答语中的“We’regoingforapicnicthatday.”可知，答话人不希望下周日下雨。Ihopenot意为“我希望不会这样”，符合题意，故选D。11.C。由问句“CouldIspeaktoBetty，please?”可知，本题属于打电话交际。在电话中介绍自己是谁，应用Thisis...speaking。故选C。12.C。由“Iwonthedancingcompetitionlastweek.”可知，对别人取得的成功应该表示祝贺。Congratulations意为“祝贺你”，符合题意。故选C。13.A。句意为：快点，否则我们就会错过在海洋公园的海狮表演。别着急，离表演开始还有15分钟。A项意为“别紧张，慢慢来”，根据语境可知，答案选A。14.A。句意：—明天我将要参加一个重要的比赛。我希望我能赢。—祝你好运。Goodluck祝你好运；Noidea不知道；That’ssuchapity多么遗憾；It’sallright没关系。根据上文要参加比赛，要对对方说祝你好运。故选A。15.C。句意：――杰克，我想知道你对我的报告的意见。――对我来说，不错。但是我有一个建议。A.那是一个好主意，B.我同意你的观点，C.对我来说不错，D.先检查。从后句的But可知句意转折，后句说我有一个建议，可以推测出前句说的是报告好。故选C。补全对话。(A)1.ThisisLinda./ThisisLindaspeaking./Lindaspeaking. 2.Whatwereyoudoingatthattime?3.Nothingmuch./Notmuch4.HaveyoueverbeentoScienceMuseum?/HaveyoubeentoScienceMuseumbefore?5.(Sure/Yes,)I'dloveto./I'dliketo.(B)1.E 2.A 3.C 4.G 5.D【用法讲解】考试要求：中考交际用语主要考查学生运用英语进行简单的日常交际的能力，体现了英语日常用语的交际性和口语化特征。要做好交际用语测试题，要求学生能够熟练掌握英语的一些日常交际英语的口语表达，如：问路、借东西、看病、购物、打电话、提供帮助、表示感谢、邀请和应答、向别人道歉等日常用语，还要求学生从对话上下文所提供的材料中判断交际的情景和场合，选择适当的日常交际英语进行交流。特别要注意交际英语的口语化特点。因此学生要在日常学习中注意英语的习惯表达和文化背景知识，学会按照英、美人的文化习惯，用地道的口语来表达自己的想法。1.交际用语中考题型1）单项选择这类交际用语考试题主要用小对话的方式来呈现，即两个或者三个句子就可以表达小的情景对话。这种考题主要涉及表示感谢、道歉、问候、介绍、告别、询问年龄、请求和允许、打电话、表扬和鼓励、个人喜欢和爱好、同意和不同意、邀请和应答、劝告和建议、希望和打算、约会、祝愿和祝贺、餐饮、看病、谈论天气、安抚和安慰、购物和谈论价格、问路、请求帮助和提供帮助等情景。对话一般较简单，情景单一，可能是答语的一部分或整个答语设空，也可能是询问信息的句子设空，一般提供三到四个选项，要求学生选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。例如：－Thankyouforthepresentyousentme.It’ssonice.－__________________________.A.No,thanks.B.Iamgladyoulikeit.C.Pleasedon’tsayso.D.No,itisn’tsogood.〔解析〕答案是B。从对话情景中理解上句是表示感谢，当你听到别人的赞扬，不能按照中国人的思维习惯回答“不好、不好”，在西方交际用语不能这样谦虚，要为别人喜欢你的礼物感到高兴，所以选择B。例如：－Shallwegocampingontheweekend?—_________.Theweatherforecastsaysitwillrainy.A.I’dloveto.B.Iamafraidwecan’t.C.That’sagoodidea.D.That’sallright.〔解析〕答案是B。本题是考查对别人提出建议的应答，如果同意这个建议一般可以答“Goodidea.”，但从对话后面的回答提供的情景可知天要下雨去不成，所以此题的应答是B。2）补全对话：补全对话是考查学生的日常交际能力的另一个中考常用的题型，通常提供一个比较大的情景对话，一般都选用学生比较熟悉的情景，如打电话、购物、看病等，从中抽取一些句子或句子的一部分，要求学生根据对话的内容和情景，补全句子，使对话的内容和意思完整。也有的补全对话题把抽出的句子一起放在一个文本框中，有时还会给出一、二个多余的选项，学生必须根据对话的情景要求选出合适的句子，然后把序号填入空白处。这种题型一定要先通读对话，了解整篇对话的场景、说话人之间的关系、讨论的事件的线索等，再去选择选项，才能更准确地选择出正确的选项。这种情景交际用语的考查一般提供语言地道、对话情景具体、逻辑严谨和意义完整的交际情景，主要考查学生能否在不同的文化背景、不同的场合、对于不同的事情按照西方的文化风俗习惯和表达习惯用地道的英语来表达。例如：阅读并补全下列对话。A:1.____________________,sir?B:Yes,please.2.____________________apairofsportsshoes.A:Whatsizedoyouwant,please?B:Sizetenoreleven.A:OK!Whataboutthispair?B:Sorry!I3.____________________blackshoes.A:Oh.Wealsohavegotblueones.B:CanI4.____________________on?A:Yes,please.B:5.____________________eachpair?A:Thirty-fiveyuan.B:Allright.Iwilltakeit.〔解析〕从对话的内容可以看出，对话的情景是购物，顾客想买一双运动鞋，是售货员和顾客之间的情景对话。理解了对话的主要情景和内容后，我们在补全对话的时候可以联想一些关于购物的日常交际英语。1.本空考查售货员经常用的日常交际英语，一般售货员用CanIhelpyou?或者WhatcanIdoforyou?来招呼顾客，所以本空可以填写这两个句子中任何一个。2.从对话下面句子的意思和情景可以判断是顾客想买一双运动鞋，所以本空填写Iwanttobuy/I’dlike/Iamlookingfor都可以。3.从对话售货员问“这双怎么样？”和顾客的回答可以理解是他不喜欢这双运动鞋，所以本空填写Idon’tlike或者Ihate。4.从对话上下句的情景可以判断本空是顾客询问能否试穿，所以填写MayItrythemon?5.从对话下面的回答是价格（Thirty-fiveyuan.）可以判断上面的句子是询问这双运动鞋的价格，所以用Howmuchiseachpair?来询问。2.需要熟练掌握的交际用语1）问候Hi!Hello!Goodmorning/evening/afternoon.Howareyoudoing?IamOK/fine./Thanksandyou?/Verywell,thankyou.Pleasesayhellotoyourparents./Pleasegivemybestwishestoyourparents.Sure./Allright.2）介绍Mynameis....Hello!Howdoyoudo?Iamastudent.Iamfrom….ThisisMr/Mrs/Miss.I’dlikeyoutomeetBob.Nice/Glad/Pleasedtomeetyou.3）告别Good-bye.Bye.Bye-bye.Goodnight.Seeyoulater/then/soon/tomorrow.Iamsorry.Ihavetogonow.4）感谢Thankyouverymuch./Thanksalot./Thankyouforyourhelp.It’sapleasure.That’sOK/allright.Youarewelcome.5）道歉Sorry.Iamsorry./Iamsorryforlosingyour…/Iamsorrytointerruptyou./IamsorryIamlate./Ibegyourpardon.That’sOK./It’sallright./Nevermind./Itdoesn’tmatter./It’snothing.6）请求和允许MayIcomein?Can/CouldIuseyour…?Would/DoyoumindifIopenthedoor?Yes,please.Sure.Certainly.That’sallright.Ofcourse，youcan.Iamsorry,it’snotallowed.Iamafraidnot.You’dbetternot.7）打电话Hello!MayIspeaktoTom?Hello!I’dliketospeaktoMr.Green?IsthatLiuHongspeaking?ThisisMary(speaking)./Maryspeaking.May/CanIleaveamessage?May/CanItakeamessage?I’llcallbacklater/again.I’llringhim/herupagain.Hello!ThisisMaryspeaking.Hello,whoisthat?Holdon,please.Justamoment,please.Hello,whoisspeaking?Sorry,heisn’thererightnow.CanItakeamessage?Thislineisbad/busy.Sorry,Iamafraidyouhavethewrongnumber.8）表扬和鼓励Verygood！Welldone！Wonderful!Excellent!YouspeakEnglishverywell.Yourdressisverybeautiful.Comeon!/Keeptrying!/Youcandoit.Thankyou.OK!Iwilltryitagain.9）喜欢和爱好Thisbookisveryinteresting.Ilikethismovie.Iliketoplaycomputergames.Iliketakingphotos.Ienjoylisteningtothemusic.Iaminterestedin…Thissongisbad.Idon’tlikethemovieatall.Idon’tenjoycollectingstamps.Ihatetodomuchhomework.Ipreferbananas.IlikeEnglishbetterthanmath.Myfavoritecolorisblue.10）同意和不同意Sure./Certainly./Ofcourse.Allright./Iagree./Noproblem.That’sagoodidea.Yes,Ithinkso.Noway.Ofcoursenot.Idon’tagree.Idon’tthinkso.Iamafraidnot.11）邀请和应答Wouldyouliketogoforawalk?Youmustcometodinnerwithus.MayIinviteyoutodinner?What/Howabouthavingaswim?OK!Thankyou.I’dlikethat.Thanks.Yes,I’dloveto.Thatwouldbeverynice.No,thankyou.It’sveryniceofyou,butmymotherisill.I’dloveto,butIamafraidIhavenotime.IamsorryIcan’t.Whataboutanothertime?12）劝告和建议Youhadbettergotoseethedoctor.YoushouldlistentoandreadEnglisheveryday.YouneedtobuyaChinese-Englishdictionary.Don’trush/hurry/push.Pleasestandinline.Let’sgoandhavealook.What/HowaboutapicnicthisSunday?Whydon’tyoubuyacomputer?Whynotgotoamovie?13）希望和打算Iwillgowithyou.IamgoingtoseemygrandfatherthisSunday.Iwanttofindapenpal.IplantogotoHangzhouthissummer.Iamnotgoingtobuyacar.Iwishtoseeyouagain.Ihopetobecomeadoctor.Ihopeso./Ihopenot.14）祝愿和祝贺Haveagoodday/time!Haveagoodjourney/trip.Goodluck!Enjoyyourself!Bestwishtoyou.HappyNewYear!/MerryChristmas!/Happybirthday!Thankyou.Thesametoyou.Congratulations!Welldone!15）餐饮Wouldyoulikesomethingtoeat/drink?Whatwouldyouliketohaveforbreakfast/lunch/supper?Wouldyoulikesomefish?Helpyourselftosomefish.Yes,I’dliketodrink....I’dlikericeandchicken.Justalittle,please.CanIhavesomesoup?It’ssodelicious.Thankyou.Ilikegreentea.Yes,please./No,thanks.16）看病What’sthematter?/What’swrongwithyou?Doyouhaveafever?Howlonghaveyoufeltlikethis?Howlonghaveyoubeenlikethis?It’snothingserious.Takethismedicinethreetimesaday.Youwillbebetter/allrightsoon.Ihaveaheadache./Ifeelterrible./Ifeelbad/awful./Idon’tfeelwell.Ihavegotapainhere.17）谈论天气What’stheweatherliketoday?/HowistheweatherinBeijing?It’snice/fine/beautifultoday.Whatacold/hotdaytoday!It’ssunny/cloudy/windy/rainy/snowy.It’sgettingcool/cold/warm/hot.18）购物Can/MayIhelpyou?/WhatcanIdoforyou?Howmany/Howmuchwouldyoulike?Whatcolor/size/kindwouldyoulike?Whataboutthisone?Hereisyourchange.I’dlike/Iwantapairofshoe.Howmuchisit/arethey?MayItryiton?It’stoobig/small.Sorry.It’stooexpensive.Doyouhaveanyothercolors/sizes?That’sfine.I’lltakeit.Justhavealook.19）问路Excuseme.Whereisthewashroom?Canyoutellmehowtogettothepostoffice?WhichbusgoestoWorldPark?WhichisthewaytotheBankofChina?Couldyoutellmethewaytothestation？HowcanIgettoNo.4MiddleSchool?It’soverthere.It’sabout400metersfromhere.Godownthisstreetuntilyouseethetallredbuilding.Turnright/leftatthefirst/secondcrossing.YoucantakeNo.15bus.You’dbettertake