大学英语四级考试模拟卷三（带答案）

大学英语四级考试模拟卷三

（总分：32.00,做题时间:130分钟）

一、单选题（总题数：30,分数：30.00）

l.Athirdoftheplanet'slandisseverelydegradedandfertilesoilisbeinglostattherate

of24bntonnesayear,accordingtoanewUnitedNations-backedstudythatcallsforashift

awayfromdestructivelyintensiveagriculture.Thealarming26,whichisforecastto

continueasdemandforfoodandproductivelandincreases,willaddtotherisksofconflicts

unless27actionsareimplemented，warnstheinstitutionbehindthereport.

"Asthereadysupplyofhealthyandproductivelanddriesupandthepopulationgrows,

competitionis28forlandwithincountriesandglobally,"saidexecutivesecretaryof

theUNConventiontoCombatDesertification（UNCCD）atthe.launchoftheGlobalLand

Outlook."To29thelosses,theOutlooksuggestsitisinallourintereststostepback

andrethinkhowwearemanagingthepressuresandthecompetition."

TheGlobalLandOutlookis30asthemostcomprehensivestudyofitstype,

mappingtheinterlinkedimpactsofurbanization,climatechange,erosionandforestloss.But

thebiggestfactoristhe31ofindustrialfarming.Heavytilling,multipleharvestsand

32useofagrochemicalshaveincreasedyieldsatthe33oflong-term

sustainability.lnthepast20years,agriculturalproductionhasincreasedthreefoldandthe

amountofirrigatedlandhasdoubled,notesapaperintheOutlookbytheJointResearch

Centre（JRC）oftheEuropeancommission.Overtime,however,this34fertilityandcan

leadtoabandonmentoflandand35desertification.

空白处26.应填

无（分数：1.00）

A.absorb

B.abundant

C.billed

0.declineV

E.diminishes

F.expansion

G.expense

H.intensifying

I.limited

J.minimize

K.occasionally

L.optimizes

M.rate

N.remedial

□.ultimately

解析：空格前是形容词alarming,且分析句子结构可知，本句缺少主语，此外由修

饰该主语的定语从句中的is可知，此处应该填入一个单数名词或不可数名词作主语。上

文提到了土地的严重退化和肥沃土壤的严重流失，故此处说的应该是土地数量的减少令

人担忧，故D）decline“降低，减少”为本题答案。

2.Athirdoftheplanet'slandisseverelydegradedandfertilesoilisbeinglostattherate

of24bntonnesayear,accordingtoanewUnitedNations-backedstudythatcallsforashift

awayfromdestructivelyintensiveagriculture.Thealarming26,whichisforecastto

continueasdemandforfoodandproductivelandincreases,willaddtotherisksofconflicts

unless27actionsareimplemented，warnstheinstitutionbehindthereport.

"Asthereadysupplyofhealthyandproductivelanddriesupandthepopulationgrows,

competitionis28forlandwithincountriesandglobally,"saidexecutivesecretaryof

theUNConventiontoCombatDesertification(UNCCD)atthe.launchoftheGlobalLand

Outlook."To29thelosses,theOutlooksuggestsitisinallourintereststostepback

andrethinkhowwearemanagingthepressuresandthecompetition."

TheGlobalLandOutlookis30asthemostcomprehensivestudyofitstype,

mappingtheinterlinkedimpactsofurbanization,climatechange,erosionandforestloss.But

thebiggestfactoristhe31ofindustrialfarming.Heavytilling,multipleharvestsand

32useofagrochemicalshaveincreasedyieldsatthe33oflong-term

sustainability.lnthepast20years,agriculturalproductionhasincreasedthreefoldandthe

amountofirrigatedlandhasdoubled,notesapaperintheOutlookbytheJointResearch

Centre(JRC)oftheEuropeancommission.Overtime,however,this34fertilityandcan

leadtoabandonmentoflandand35desertification.

空白处27,应填

无(分数：1.00)

A.absorb

B.abundant

C.billed

0.decline

E.diminishes

F.expansion

G.expense

H.intensifying

I.limited

J.minimize

K.occasionally

L.optimizes

M.rate

N.remedialJ

□.ultimately

解析：空格处于unless引导的条件状语从句中，空格后是名词actions,因此应填入

一个形容词修饰从句的主语actions。上文提到，随着对食物和多产土地需求的增加，这

一令人担忧的土地数量的减少将会增加冲突。根据语境可推测，为避免这种风险，就应

采取相应的补救措施，因此N)remedial”补救的，纠正的”为本题答案。

3.Athirdoftheplanet'slandisseverelydegradedandfertilesoilisbeinglostattherate

of24bntonnesayear,accordingtoanewUnitedNations-backedstudythatcallsforashift

awayfromdestructivelyintensiveagriculture.Thealarming26,whichisforecastto

continueasdemandforfoodandproductivelandincreases,willaddtotherisksofconflicts

unless27actionsareimplemented,warnstheinstitutionbehindthereport.

"Asthereadysupplyofhealthyandproductivelanddriesupandthepopulationgrows,

competitionis28forlandwithincountriesandglobally/'saidexecutivesecretaryof

theUNConventiontoCombatDesertification(UNCCD)atthe.launchoftheGlobalLand

OutlookJ'To29thelosses,theOutlooksuggestsitisinallourintereststostepback

andrethinkhowwearemanagingthepressuresandthecompetition."

TheGlobalLandOutlookis30asthemostcomprehensivestudyofitstype,

mappingtheinterlinkedimpactsofurbanization,climatechange,erosionandforestloss.But

thebiggestfactoristhe31ofindustrialfarming.Heavytilling,multipleharvestsand

32useofagrochemicalshaveincreasedyieldsatthe33oflong-term

sustainability.lnthepast20years,agriculturalproductionhasincreasedthreefoldandthe

amountofirrigatedlandhasdoubled,notesapaperintheOutlookbytheJointResearch

Centre(JRC)oftheEuropeancommission.Overtime,however,this34fertilityandcan

leadtoabandonmentoflandand35desertification.

空白处28.应填

无(分数:1.00)

A.absorb

B.abundant

C.billed

0.decline

E.diminishes

F.expansion

G.expense

H.intensifyingJ

I.limited

J.minimize

K.occasionally

Loptimizes

M.rate

N.remedial

□.ultimately

解析：空格前是be动词is,分析句子结构可知，空格处可以填入形容词作is的表

语，也可以填入动词的分词形式与is一起构成句子的谓语。上文提到，健康、多产的土

地供应枯竭，而人口在不断增长，这就势必会导致各国乃至全球对土地的竞争日趋激烈，

因此H)intensifying“(使)增强，(使)加剧”为本题答案。

4.Athirdoftheplanet'slandisseverelydegradedandfertilesoilisbeinglostattherate

of24bntonnesayear,accordingtoanewUnitedNations-backedstudythatcallsforashift

awayfromdestructivelyintensiveagriculture.Thealarming26,whichisforecastto

continueasdemandforfoodandproductivelandincreases,willaddtotherisksofconflicts

unless27actionsareimplemented,warnstheinstitutionbehindthereport.

"Asthereadysupplyofhealthyandproductivelanddriesupandthepopulationgrows,

competitionis28forlandwithincountriesandglobally,"saidexecutivesecretaryof

theUNConventiontoCombatDesertification(UNCCD)atthe.launchoftheGlobalLand

Outlook."To29thelosses,theOutlooksuggestsitisinallourintereststostepback

andrethinkhowwearemanagingthepressuresandthecompetition."

TheGlobalLandOutlookis30asthemostcomprehensivestudyofitstype,

mappingtheinterlinkedimpactsofurbanization,climatechange,erosionandforestloss.But

thebiggestfactoristhe31ofindustrialfarming.Heavytilling,multipleharvestsand

32useofagrochemicalshaveincreasedyieldsatthe33oflong-term

sustainability.lnthepast20years,agriculturalproductionhasincreasedthreefoldandthe

amountofirrigatedlandhasdoubled,notesapaperintheOutlookbytheJointResearch

Centre(JRC)oftheEuropeancommission.Overtime,however,this34fertilityandcan

leadtoabandonmentoflandand35desertification.

空白处29.应填

无(分数：1.00)

A.absorb

B.abundant

C.billed

0.decline

E.diminishes

F.expansion

G.expense

H.intensifying

I.limited

J.minimizeJ

K.occasionally

L.optimizes

M.rate

N.remedial

□.ultimately

解析：分析句子结构可知，本句话句子结构完整，再由句首的to不难得出空格所

在部分是一个目的状语，故空格处应填入动词原形。上文提到了健康、多产的土地日益

减少以及各国乃至全球对土地的竞争愈加激烈，下文提到我们应该后退一步，重新思考

如何处理这些压力和竞争。根据语境推测，我们这么做的目的是将上文提到的激烈竞争

带来的损失最小化，故J)minimize"最小化，把……减至最低”为本题答案。

5.Athirdoftheplanet'slandisseverelydegradedandfertilesoilisbeinglostattherate

of24bntonnesayear,accordingtoanewUnitedNations-backedstudythatcallsforashift

awayfromdestructivelyintensiveagriculture.Thealarming26,whichisforecastto

continueasdemandforfoodandproductivelandincreases,willaddtotherisksofconflicts

unless27actionsareimplemented,warnstheinstitutionbehindthereport.

"Asthereadysupplyofhealthyandproductivelanddriesupandthepopulationgrows,

competitionis28forlandwithincountriesandglobally,"saidexecutivesecretaryof

theUNConventiontoCombatDesertification(UNCCD)atthe.launchoftheGlobalLand

Outlook."To29thelosses,theOutlooksuggestsitisinallourintereststostepback

andrethinkhowwearemanagingthepressuresandthecompetition."

TheGlobalLandOutlookis30asthemostcomprehensivestudyofitstype,

mappingtheinterlinkedimpactsofurbanization,climatechange,erosionandforestloss.But

thebiggestfactoristhe31ofindustrialfarming.Heavytilling,multipleharvestsand

32useofagrochemicalshaveincreasedyieldsatthe33oflong-term

sustainability.lnthepast20years,agriculturalproductionhasincreasedthreefoldandthe

amountofirrigatedlandhasdoubled,notesapaperintheOutlookbytheJointResearch

Centre(JRC)oftheEuropeancommission.Overtime,however,this34fertilityandcan

leadtoabandonmentoflandand35desertification.

空白处30.应填

无(分数：1.00)

A.absorb

B.abundant

C.billedV

D.decline

E.diminishes

F.expansion

G.expense

H.intensifying

I.limited

J.minimize

K.occasionally

L.optimizes

M.rate

N.remedial

□.ultimately

解析：空格前是is,因此空格处应填入动词的分词形式与is一起构成句子谓语，或

填入形容词作is的表语。此外，无论填入形容词还是动词的分词形式，都应该能与as

搭配使用。空格后提到，该报告描绘了城市化、气候变化、水土流失和森林损失之间相

互关联的影响，因此该报告被认为是对土地情况最全面的研究。“bill…as…”是固定搭

配,意为“把……宣传为……"，故C)billed为答案。

6.Athirdoftheplanet'slandisseverelydegradedandfertilesoilisbeinglostattherate

of24bntonnesayear,accordingtoanewUnitedNations-backedstudythatcallsforashift

awayfromdestructivelyintensiveagriculture.Thealarming26,whichisforecastto

continueasdemandforfoodandproductivelandincreases,willaddtotherisksofconflicts

unless27actionsareimplemented,warnstheinstitutionbehindthereport.

"Asthereadysupplyofhealthyandproductivelanddriesupandthepopulationgrows,

competitionis28forlandwithincountriesandglobally,"saidexecutivesecretaryof

theUNConventiontoCombatDesertification(UNCCD)atthe.launchoftheGlobalLand

Outlook."To29thelosses,theOutlooksuggestsitisinallourintereststostepback

andrethinkhowwearemanagingthepressuresandthecompetition."

TheGlobalLandOutlookis30asthemostcomprehensivestudyofitstype,

mappingtheinterlinkedimpactsofurbanization,climatechange,erosionandforestloss.But

thebiggestfactoristhe31ofindustrialfarming.Heavytilling,multipleharvestsand

32useofagrochemicalshaveincreasedyieldsatthe33oflong-term

sustainability.lnthepast20years,agriculturalproductionhasincreasedthreefoldandthe

amountofirrigatedlandhasdoubled,notesapaperintheOutlookbytheJointResearch

Centre(JRC)oftheEuropeancommission.Overtime,however,this34fertilityandcan

leadtoabandonmentoflandand35desertification.

空白处31.应填

无(分数：1.00)

A.absorb

B.abundant

C.billed

D.decline

E.diminishes

F.expansionV

G.expense

H.intensifying

I.limited

J.minimize

K.occasionally

L.optimizes

M.rate

N.remedial

□.ultimately

解析：空格前是定冠词the,空格后是介词of,因此空格处应填入名词。此处介绍

的是导致健康、多产的土地减少的因素，又根据下文提到的重耕多收可知，此处应该指

机械化农业的扩张，故F)expansion"增加，扩张”为本题答案。

7.Athirdoftheplanet'slandisseverelydegradedandfertilesoilisbeinglostattherate

of24bntonnesayear,accordingtoanewUnitedNations-backedstudythatcallsforashift

awayfromdestructivelyintensiveagriculture.Thealarming26,whichisforecastto

continueasdemandforfoodandproductivelandincreases,willaddtotherisksofconflicts

unless27actionsareimplemented,warnstheinstitutionbehindthereport.

"Asthereadysupplyofhealthyandproductivelanddriesupandthepopulationgrows,

competitionis28forlandwithincountriesandglobally,"saidexecutivesecretaryof

theUNConventiontoCombatDesertification(UNCCD)atthe.launchoftheGlobalLand

Outlook."To29thelosses,theOutlooksuggestsitisinallourintereststostepback

andrethinkhowwearemanagingthepressuresandthecompetition."

TheGlobalLandOutlookis30asthemostcomprehensivestudyofitstype,

mappingtheinterlinkedimpactsofurbanization,climatechange,erosionandforestloss.But

thebiggestfactoristhe31ofindustrialfarming.Heavytilling,multipleharvestsand

32useofagrochemicalshaveincreasedyieldsatthe33oflong-term

sustainability.lnthepast20years,agriculturalproductionhasincreasedthreefoldandthe

amountofirrigatedlandhasdoubled,notesapaperintheOutlookbytheJointResearch

Centre(JRC)oftheEuropeancommission.Overtime,however,this34fertilityandcan

leadtoabandonmentoflandand35desertification.

空白处32.应填

无(分数：1.00)

A.absorb

B.abundantJ

C.billed

D.decline

E.diminishes

F.expansion

G.expense

H.intensifying

I.limited

J.minimize

K.occasionally

L.optimizes

M.rate

N.remedial

0.ultimately

解析：空格后是名词use,且分析句子结构可知，and连接三个并列的名词性短语，

因此空格处应填入形容词修饰use,且该形容词应与heavy和multiple语义场一致。空

格所在句的意思是：三个因素都增加了农业产量，此处指的应是大量使用农用化学品，

故B)abundant“充裕的，丰富的”为本题答案。

8.Athirdoftheplanet'slandisseverelydegradedandfertilesoilisbeinglostattherate

of24bntonnesayear,accordingtoanewUnitedNations-backedstudythatcallsforashift

awayfromdestructivelyintensiveagriculture.Thealarming26,whichisforecastto

continueasdemandforfoodandproductivelandincreases,willaddtotherisksofconflicts

unless27actionsareimplemented,warnstheinstitutionbehindthereport.

"Asthereadysupplyofhealthyandproductivelanddriesupandthepopulationgrows,

competitionis28forlandwithincountriesandglobally,"saidexecutivesecretaryof

theUNConventiontoCombatDesertification(UNCCD)atthe.launchoftheGlobalLand

Outlook."To29thelosses,theOutlooksuggestsitisinallourintereststostepback

andrethinkhowwearemanagingthepressuresandthecompetition."

TheGlobalLandOutlookis30asthemostcomprehensivestudyofitstype,

mappingtheinterlinkedimpactsofurbanization,climatechange,erosionandforestloss.But

thebiggestfactoristhe31ofindustrialfarming.Heavytilling,multipleharvestsand

32useofagrochemicalshaveincreasedyieldsatthe33oflong-term

sustainability.lnthepast20years,agriculturalproductionhasincreasedthreefoldandthe

amountofirrigatedlandhasdoubled,notesapaperintheOutlookbytheJointResearch

Centre(JRC)oftheEuropeancommission.Overtime,however,this34fertilityandcan

leadtoabandonmentoflandand35desertification.

空白处33.应填

无(分数：1.00)

A.absorb

B.abundant

C.billed

0.decline

E.diminishes

F.expansion

G.expenseV

H.intensifying

I.limited

J.minimize

K.occasionally

L.optimizes

M.rate

N.remedial

□.ultimately

解析：空格前是定冠词the,空格后是介词of,因此空格处应填入名词，构成“atthe+

名词+of”短语。上文提到，健康、多产的土地大量流失，此处说的是重耕多收以及大

量使用农用化学品都增加了农业产量，而这是以我们失去土地长期可持续性发展为代价

的，因此G)expense"花费，代价”为本题答案。

9.Athirdoftheplanet'slandisseverelydegradedandfertilesoilisbeinglostattherate

of24bntonnesayear,accordingtoanewUnitedNations-backedstudythatcallsforashift

awayfromdestructivelyintensiveagriculture.Thealarming26,whichisforecastto

continueasdemandforfoodandproductivelandincreases,willaddtotherisksofconflicts

unless27actionsareimplemented,warnstheinstitutionbehindthereport.

"Asthereadysupplyofhealthyandproductivelanddriesupandthepopulationgrows,

competitionis28forlandwithincountriesandglobally,"saidexecutivesecretaryof

theUNConventiontoCombatDesertification(UNCCD)atthe.launchoftheGlobalLand

Outlook."To29thelosses,theOutlooksuggestsitisinallourintereststostepback

andrethinkhowwearemanagingthepressuresandthecompetition."

TheGlobalLandOutlookis30asthemostcomprehensivestudyofitstype,

mappingtheinterlinkedimpactsofurbanization,climatechange,erosionandforestloss.But

thebiggestfactoristhe31ofindustrialfarming.Heavytilling,multipleharvestsand

32useofagrochemicalshaveincreasedyieldsatthe33oflong-term

sustainability.lnthepast20years,agriculturalproductionhasincreasedthreefoldandthe

amountofirrigatedlandhasdoubled,notesapaperintheOutlookbytheJointResearch

Centre(JRC)oftheEuropeancommission.Overtime,however,this34fertilityandcan

leadtoabandonmentoflandand35desertification.

空白处34.应填

无(分数：1.00)

A.absorb

B.abundant

C.billed

0.decline

E.diminishesJ

F.expansion

G.expense

H.intensifying

I.limited

J.minimize

K.occasionally

L.optimizes

M.rate

N.remedial

□.ultimately

解析：分析句子结构可知，空格所在句缺少谓语，因此应填入动词，且根据主语this

及本文时态为现在时可知，该谓语动词应该使用第三人称单数形式。上文提到，机械化

农业的扩张导致土地失去可持续发展的能力，再结合下文中的土地被搭荒可知，此处说

的是随着时间的推移，土地生产力下降了，故E)diminishes"降低，削弱”为本题答案。

10.Athirdoftheplanet'slandisseverelydegradedandfertilesoilisbeinglostatthe

rateof24bntonnesayear,accordingtoanewUnitedNations-backedstudythatcallsfora

shiftawayfromdestructivelyintensiveagriculture.Thealarming26,whichisforecast

tocontinueasdemandforfoodandproductivelandincreases,willaddtotherisksof

conflictsunless27actionsareimplemented,warnstheinstitutionbehindthereport.

"Asthereadysupplyofhealthyandproductivelanddriesupandthepopulationgrows,

competitionis28forlandwithincountriesandglobally,"saidexecutivesecretaryof

theUNConventiontoCombatDesertification(UNCCD)atthe.launchoftheGlobalLand

Outlook."To29thelosses,theOutlooksuggestsitisinallourintereststostepback

andrethinkhowwearemanagingthepressuresandthecompetition."

TheGlobalLandOutlookis30asthemostcomprehensivestudyofitstype,

mappingtheinterlinkedimpactsofurbanization,climatechange,erosionandforestloss.But

thebiggestfactoristhe31ofindustrialfarming.Heavytilling,multipleharvestsand

32useofagrochemicalshaveincreasedyieldsatthe33oflong-term

sustainability.lnthepast20years,agriculturalproductionhasincreasedthreefoldandthe

amountofirrigatedlandhasdoubled,notesapaperintheOutlookbytheJointResearch

Centre(JRC)oftheEuropeancommission.Overtime,however,this34fertilityandcan

leadtoabandonmentoflandand35desertification.

空白处35,应填

无(分数：1.00)

A.absorb

B.abundant

C.billed

0.decline

E.diminishes

F.expansion

G.expense

H.intensifying

I.limited

J.minimize

K.occasionally

L.optimizes

M.rate

N.remedial

□.ultimatelyV

解析：分析句子结构可知，本句句子成分完整，因此空格处所填词应作句子的状语，

故应填入副词。上文提到，随着时间的推移，土地生产力下降，这会导致土地被据荒井

最终土地沙漠化，因此0)ultimately"最后，最终”为本题答案。

11.TakeNapsatWork.ApologizetoNoOne

(A)InthepasttwoweeksI'vetakenthreenapsatwork,atotalofanhourorsoof

shut-eyewhileontheclock.AndIhavenoshameoruncertaintyaboutdoingit.Icouldn'tfeel

betteraboutit,andmyproductivityreflectsit,too.

(B)Sleepingonthejobisoneofthoseworkplacetaboos-likeleavingyourdeskfor

lunchortakinganafternoonwalk一thatwe'retaughttolookdownon.Ifsomeonenapsat2

p.m.whiletherestofusfuriouslywritememosandrespondtoemails,surelyitmustmean

they'reslackingoff(偷懒).Orsotheassumptiongoes.

(C)Restfulnessandrechargingcantakeabackseattotheperceptionandappearanceof

productivity.lt'seasiertostayonavirtualhamster(仓鼠)wheelofactivitybyimmediately

respondingtoeveryemailthanitistomeasureaggregateproductivityoveragreaterperiod

oftime.Butagrowingfieldofoccupationalandpsychologicalresearchisbuildingthecasefor

restfulnessinpursuitofgreaterproductivity.

(D)Companiesaresufferingfromtremendousproductivityproblemsbecausepeople

arestressedoutandnotrecoveringfromtheworkday,saidJoshBersin,principaland

founderofBersinbyDeloitte."They'rebeginningtorealizethatthisistheirproblem,and

theycan'tjustsaytopeople,'Here'sawork-lifebalancecourse,goteachyourselfhowto

manageyourinbox/nMr.Bersinsaid."It'swaymorecomplicatedthanthat."

(E)Tobesure,theabilitytonapatworkisfarfromwidespread,expertssaid.Few

amongushavetheluxuryofbeingabletostepawayforahalf-hoursnoozefest.Butlunch

hoursandcoffeebreakscanbegreattimestoduckout,andyourincreasedproductivityand

alertnesswillbealltheevidenceyouneedtomakeyourcasetoinquiringbosses.

(F)Inanidealworld,we'dallsolvethisproblembyunpluggingearlyandgettingagood

night'ssleep.Here'sourguideonhowtodojustthat.Butthenextbestthingisstealingaway

foraquickpowernapwhenyou'redraggingafterlunch.

(G)InastudypublishedinNatureNeuroscience,researcherstestedsubjectsontheir

perceptualperformancefourtimesthroughouttheday.Performancedeterioratedwitheach

test,butsubjectswhotooka30-minutenapbetweentestsstoppedthedeteriorationin

performance,andthosewhotooka60-nunutenapevenreversedit.

(H)"Napshadthesamemagnitudeofbenefitsasfullnightsofsleepiftheyhada

specificqualityofnap,"saidSaraMednick,aco-authorofthestudyandassociateprofessor

ofpsychologyattheUniversityofCalifornia,Riverside.

(I)Dr.Mednick,asleepresearcherandtheauthorofTakeaNap!ChangeYourLife,said

daytimenappingcanhavemanyofthebenefitsofovernightsleep,anddifferenttypesof

napsofferspecificbenefits.J)Forexample,Dr.Mednicksaida20-to60-nunutenapmight

helpwithmemorizationandlearningspecificbitsofinformation.It'sjustlongenoughto

enterstage-twosleep,ornon-rapideyemovement(non-REM)sleep.

(K)After60minutes,youstartgettingintorapideyemovement(REM)sleep,most

oftenassociatedwiththatdeep,dreamingstateweallenjoyatnight.REMsleepcanimprove

creativity,perceptualprocessingandhighlyassociativethinking,whichallowsyoutomake

connectionsbetweendisparateideas,Dr.Mednicksaid.Beyondthat,yourbestbetisa

90-minutenap,whichwillgiveyouafullsleepcycle.

(L)Anynap,however,canhelpwithalertnessandperceptionandcutthroughthe

generalfogthatcreepsinduringtheday,expertssaid.

(M)Sohowdidweevenarriveatthispointwhereaptitudeisinextricablytied(紧密相

连)toworkinglong,concentratedhours?Blametechnology,butthinkbroaderthan

smartphonesandlaptops;therealissueisthattechnologyhasenabledustobeavailableat

alltimes.

(N)“Wewentthroughaperiodwherepeoplewereindenialandbusinessleaderswere

ignoringit,"Mr.Bersinsaid,"Theywereassumingthatifwegivepeoplemoretools,more

emails,moreslack,morechatter,andwe'lljustassumetheycanfigureouthowtodealwith

itall.AndIthinkthey'vewokenuptothefactthatthisisabigproblem,anditisaffecting

productivity,engagement,health,safety,wellnessandallsortsofthings.”

(O)Itisn*tjustofficeworkerswhocanbenefitfromanafternoonsiesta(午睡).A2015

studypublishedinCurrentBiologylookedatthesleepinghabitsofthreehunter-gatherer

preindustrialsocietiesinTanzania,NamibiaandBolivia.

(P)“They'reactiveinthemorning,thentheygetintheshadeunderthetreesandhave

asortofquiettime,butthey'renotgenerallynapping,"saidJeromeSiegel,professorof

psychiatryandbiobehavioralsciences,anddirectoroftheU.C.L.A.CenterforSleep

Researchesco-authorofthestudy."Thentheydosomeworkandgotosleep,andtheysleep

throughthenight.”

(Q)Still,Mr.Siegelsaid,"theonlygenuinewaytosolvedaytimesleepinessandfatigue

startsthenightbeforewithasolidnight'ssleep."Therealrestfulnessisaregularsleep

schedulewithideallysevenoreighthoursofsleepeachnight,whichexpertssayisoptimal.

(R)"Daytimenappingcertainlydoesincreasealertness/'Mr.Siegelsaid."Butit'snotas

simpleasgoingtothegasstationandfillingthetank.”

(S)Healsoadvisesavoidingcaffeinelateinthedayandwakingaroundthesametime

everymorning,evenifyoucan'tgettosleepatthesametimeeverynight.Thishelps

acclimate(使适应)yourbodytoyourregularwake-uptime,regardlessofhowmuchsleep

yougotthenightbefore.

(T)Soifyou'vemadeitthisfarandyou'reinterestedingivingworkdaynapsatry(orjust

startingtonodoff),here'saquickguidetotheperfectnap：Findaquiet,unoccupiedspace

whereyouwon'tbedisturbed.,Trytomakeyourareaasdimaspossible(orinvestina

sleepmaskyoucankeepintheoffice).Earplugsmighthelp,too.Aimforaround20

minutes.Anylongerthanthatandyou'relikelytowakeupwithsleepinertia(睡眠惰性),

whichwillleaveyouevengroggier(头脑昏沉的)thanbefore.

Participants'perceptualperformancebecamebetteraftersleepingonehourbetween

tests,accordingtoanarticleinNatureNeuroscience.

无(分数：1.00)

A.A

B.B

C.C

D.D

E.E

F.F

G.GV

H.H

1.1

JJ

K.K

L.L

M.M

N.N

0.0

P.P

Q.Q

R.R

S.S

T.T

解析：由题干中的perceptualperformance和NatureNeuroscience定位到原文G)

段。G)段提到，发表在《自然•神经科学》上的研究表明，感知力随着每一次测试而

逐渐变差，但在测试之间小睡30分