Unit1ScienceandScientistsDiscoverUsefulStructures名词性从句讲义-2024-2025学年高中英语人教版选择性

名词性从句名词性从句是在句子中起名词作用的从句，其功能相当于名词词组，可以担任主语、宾语、表语、同位语等。一、定义与功能‌定义‌：在句子中起到名词作用的从句。‌功能‌：相当于名词词组，可作主语、宾语、表语、同位语。二、分类‌主语从句‌：在复合句中作主语。示例：Whowillgoisnotimportant.‌宾语从句‌：在复合句中作宾语。示例：Ihope(that)everythingisallright.‌表语从句‌：在复合句中作表语，位于系动词之后。示例：Thequestionwaswhocouldgothere.‌同位语从句‌：在句中作某一名词的同位语，解释说明该名词的具体内容。示例：Thefactthathehadnotsaidanythingsurprisedeverybody.三、连接词‌连词‌‌that‌：无词义，引导从句时不担任成分，有时可省略（引导主语从句、表语从句、同位语从句时不可省略）。‌whether,if‌：表示“是否”，表明从句内容的不确定性，可互换但在某些情况下只能用whether。‌asif,asthough‌：表示“好像”，“似乎”。‌连接代词‌who,whoever,whom,whomever,whose,whosever,what,whatever,which,whichever：有词义，在从句中担任成分。‌连接副词‌when,where,why,how,whenever,wherever,however：有词义，在从句中担任成分，作状语。四、时态问题当主句的谓语动词是过去式时，宾语从句（若不是一个客观事实或真理）的谓语动词也必须用某种过去时态。例：Shesaidthatshedidn'twanttoknow.五、语序问题名词性从句的词序与陈述句语序相同。六、特殊用法‌whether与if的区别：‌whether引导主语从句并在句首。whether引导表语从句。whether从句作介词宾语。whether与ornot连用只能用whether。思维导图解题技巧step1：分析句子，然后看所填之词是否在句子中是否做成分，step2：如果不做成分，那么要根据语境分析其在句子中是什么含义：that（无含义，不做成分）；whether(是否，不做成分）；step3：如果做成分，那做什么成分？定状语？主宾表？（1）定状语：where（在哪里，地点状语），when（何时，时间状语）why（为何，原因状语）,how（如何，方式状语）,whose（谁的，定语）,which（哪一个，定语）（2）主宾表：what（代指事物），who（代指人，主、宾格）,whom（指人，宾格）注：what在名词性从句中常翻译成“...东西”“...的话”“...的是”。配套练习题_______（What/That）hesaidatthemeetingsurprisedeveryone.Thequestionis_______（whether/if）wecanfinishthetaskontime.Itisobvious_______（that/what）heisnottellingthetruth.Thereasonwhyhewasabsentwas_______（because/that）hewassick._______（Whoever/Whom）esfirstwillgettheprize.Ihavenoidea_______（where/when）hewentyesterday.Thefact_______（that/which）hehasfailedtheexamisdisappointing.Heaskedme_______（whether/if）Icouldhelphimwithhishomework.Thenews_______（that/what）hewillebacksoonmadeushappy._______（Whatever/Whateverthat）youdo,doitwell.Itisapity_______（that/which）youmissedtheconcert.Theproblemis_______（how/why）wecansolvethisissue.Idon’tknow_______（who/whom）totrustinthissituation.Thesuggestion_______（that/which）weshouldgooutforawalkwasaccepted._______（Wherever/Where）yougo,Iwillbewithyou.Thetruthis_______（that/what）hedidn’tmeantohurtyou.Heexpressedhisdoubt_______（whether/if）theplanwouldwork.Theidea_______（that/which）weshouldhaveapartysoundsgreat.Iamnotsure_______（when/where）thetrainwillarrive.Therumor_______（that/which）heisleavingthepanyisnottrue.Itdoesn’tmatter_______（who/whom）winsthegame.Thedecision_______（that/which）wemadeyesterdaywascrucial.Hewonders_______（how/why）shemanagedtosolvetheproblemsoquickly.Thefact_______（that/whether）hehasnoexperienceinthisfieldworriesme.Thequestionof_______（what/who）todonextwasdiscussedatthemeeting.Itisessential_______（that/which）wekeepourpromises.Thereportshows_______（that/what）thepanyismakingprogress.Hehasnoclue_______（where/when）helosthiskeys.Thebelief_______（that/which）everythinghappensforareasongivesherstrength.Theideaof_______（where/how）tospendthevacationexci