统考版2024高考英语二轮专题复习40分阅读理解提分练二含解析新人教版

PAGE40分阅读理解提分练(二)阅读理解(共两节，满分40分)第一节(共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。A[2024·武汉市中学毕业生6月供题]Thebestwaytoseetheworld'sarchitecturalmarvelsistovisittheminperson.SingaporeThearchitectureofSingaporeisfuturistictothepointwherevisitorsmayfeelliketheyhavesteppedontoasciencefictionfilm.TheGardensbytheBayisoneofthemostvisuallystrikingcreationsthatithastooffer,consistingoflargeparklanddottedwithstrangebutwonderfulstructures.BarcelonaEveryyearmillionsofpeoplefloodintothiscolorfulSpanishcitytoseetheuniqueworksoffamedarchitectAntoniGaudí.TheTempleExpiatoridelaSagradaFamíliaisthemostpopularoftheseandisstillbeingbuilt,inspiteofthefactthatworkbeganallthewaybackin1882.Soifyouwanttoavoidthecrowds,youcantakeyourpickonyourtrip.AthensAncientarchitectureisabundantinAthens,withbuildingsthathavestoodforthousandsofyearsstillmanagingtotower.FromtheinspiringremainsoftheParthenontovariousspiritsincludingZeusandHephaestus,Athensistheplacetovisitifyouareeagertoseearchitecturefilledwithhistory.DubaiIfyouarelookingforbreathtakingarchitecture,Dubaiwillsatisfyyourcuriosity.FromtheunusualheightoftheBurjKhalifatotheimpressiveachievementofthePalmIsland,everythingseemsbiggerinDubaiandthereisluxury(奢华)inalmosteveryaspectofthecity,earningitaseriousreputationontheinternationaltravelscene.1．WhatisspecialaboutthearchitectureofSingapore?A．Supermodern.B．Extremelyold.C．Prettycolorful.D．Ratherplain.2．WhichisoneoftheworksofarchitectAntoniGaudí？A．BrujKhalifa.B．TheGardensbytheBay.C．TheParthenon.D．TheTempleExpiatoridelaSagradaFamília.3．Wherewillyoutravelifyouarecuriousaboutoldtalesbehindarchitecture?A．ToSingapore.B．ToBarcelona.C．ToAthens.D．ToDubai.B[2024·潍坊市高三下学期模拟考试(二)]IworkatagrocerystoreinMontreal'sPlateauneighbourhood,whichgetsalotofregulars.OnMarch12,theQuebecgovernmentannouncedtocloseallpublicplacestostopthespreadofthepandemic(流行病)ofcoronavirus.ThenextdaythestorewasthebusiestI'veeverseen.Thesixcashregistershadtobekeptopenfrom10a.m.untilclose.It_was_nuts.Ididn'thavetimetoeatlunch,andwheneveroneofusoncashhadtousethebathroom,we'dhavetobringinaco­workeroffthefloortocoverforus.Sincethen,theatmosphereinthestorehasbeendifferent.Customersaremostlyconsiderate,butwheneversomeonecoughsorsneezes,everyoneturnsaroundtomakesurethatpersonsneezedintotheirelbow.I'veevenseencustomerscomeinwearingsomestrangeget­ups.OneguyevencameinwithaplasticWalmartbagwrappedaroundhisentirehead,withaslitcutoutforhiseyes.Alotofmyco­workershavelefttoavoidapublic­facingjobduringthepandemic.GrocerystoreworkersacrossCanadaareputtingtheirhealthatriskeverytimetheycomeintowork,butalotofusarestillmakingclosetominimumwage.IrealizedthatIfeelmoreexhaustedthannormaleventhoughI'mworkingthesamehours.Therestillhavebeensomemomentsofkindnessinthemidstofthechaos.I'veoverheardpeopletalkingonthephonewhosoundedasthoughtheywereorganizinggrocerydeliveriesforthosestuckathome.Andthispastweekendaveryniceladythankedusforcontinuingtowork.Iknoweveryoneisworried,butit'suselesshavingthesamescaryconversationsdayafterday.Instead,tellusafunnyanecdote,oraboutsomethingnice.We'llappreciatethedistraction,andyou'llmakeourdayjustabitbrighter.4．Whatdoestheauthorintendtoshowby“Itwasnuts.”inParagraph2?A．Thegoodswereinshortsupply.B．Thestorewashavingabigsale.C．Thecashierscomplainedabouttheirwork.D．Thelocalsrushedtodoshoppinglikecrazy.5．WhatdoesParagraph3conveyaboutcustomers?A．Theyliketoshophereindisguise.B．Theyarepanickyaboutthedisease.C．Theyaremorefriendlytoeachother.D．Theyhavetakenproperpreventivemeasures.6．Whichofthefollowingbestdescribestheauthor?A．Optimistic.B．Talented.C．Ambitious.D．Efficient.7．Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A．ItisnotworkbutworrythatkillsB．HelpingothersishelpingourselvesC．MomentsofkindnessshineinatimeofchaosD．Hereiswhatit'slikeworkinginthepandemicC[2024·湖南省名校联盟高三联考]Anewdevice,ananti­solarpanel(板),canharvestenergyfromthecoldnightsky.Thecenterofthenewnightlightisathermoelectricgenerator(热电发电机).Thesky­facingsideofthegeneratorisattachedtoanaluminumplatesealedbeneathatransparentcoverandsurroundedwithmaterialsthatcankeepheatout.Thisplatestayscoolerthanthesurroundingairbygivingoffheatitabsorbs.Meanwhile,thebottomofthegeneratorisattachedtoanexposedaluminumplatethatiscontinuallywarmedbysurroundingair.Atnight,whennotbakingunderthesun,thetopplatecangetacoupleofdegreesCelsiuscoolerthanthebottomofthegenerator.Whenonesideofthegeneratoriscoolerthantheother,itproduceselectricity.EngineerWeiLiofStanfordUniversityandcolleaguestesteda20­centimeterprototype(雏形)ofthedeviceonaclearDecembernightinStanford.Thegeneratorproduceduptoabout25milliwattsofpowerpersquaremeterofthedevice—enoughtolightasmallLEDorlightbulb.Theteambelievesthatfurtherdesignimprovementscouldincreaseproductionuptoatleast0.5wattspersquaremeter.Thepowerproductionismuchlessthansolarpanels,butenoughforemergencybackuppower.Atypicallightbulbmightconsumeafewwattsofelectricity,saysShanhuiFan,anelectricalengineeratStanfordAaswathRaman,amaterialsscientistandengineeratUCLA,alsoimaginesusingtheirteam'sgeneratortohelppowerremoteweatherstations.Thismaybeespeciallyusefulinpolar(极地的)regionsthatdon'tseesunlightformonths,Ramansays.“Ifyouhavesomelow­powerloadandyouneedtopoweritthroughthreemonthsofdarkness,thismightbeaway.”8．Whyistheuppersideofthegeneratorcoolerthanthesurroundingair?A．Ithascoolmetal.B．Itsendsoutheat.C．Ittakesinnoheat.D．Itabsorbssurroundingair.9．Howdoesthenewdeviceproduceelectricity?A．Bycoolingairaroundit.B．Bymakingatransparentcover.C．Byusingtemperaturedifference.D．Bybeingexposedtothesunlight.10．Whatcanwelearnaboutthegenerator?A．Itoccupiesmuchspacetosetup.B．It'sofgreatuseinsunlessareas.C．It'swidelyusedaroundtheworld.D．Itequalssolarpanelsinpowerproduction.11．Whatistheengineers'attitudetothefutureofthedevice?A．Hopeful.B．Cautious.C．UncertainD．Objective.D[2024·泰安市高三其次轮复习质量检测]Theoceancoversover70percentofthesurfaceofEarthtoday,butover3billionyearsagotheentireplanetmayhavebeencoveredinwater.Toinvestigatewhatourplanetwaslikebillionsofyearsago,ateamofresearchersturnedtoindirectmethodsofanalysisatageologicalsiteintheAustralianOutbackknownasPanorama(全景画)inthePilbaraCraton.Today,theregionis100kilometersinland,but3.2billionyearsago,itwasdeepunderwater.Infact,therewerealsoonceancienthydrothermalvents(热水口)therewhereseawaterbubbledupthroughtheoceanfloor.“Therearenosamplesofreallyancientoceanwaterlyingaround,butwedohaverocksthatinteracted_withthatseawaterandrememberedthatinteraction，”leadauthorBenjaminJohnson,anassistantprofessoratIowaStateUniversity,saidinastatement.Theresearcherscollectedover100oftheserocksamplesandfoundsomethingpeculiarinthem:aslightlyhigheramountofaparticularisotope(同位素)ofoxygen.ThevastmajorityofoxygenonEarthisOxygen­16andcontainseightprotons(质子)andeightneutrons.However,about0.20percentisOxygen­18.SamplesfromAustraliashowtheregion'sancientwatercontainedmoreOxygen­18thanpresenttimes.Sincecontinentsarecoveredinclay­richsoilthatisefficientattrappingOxygen­18,theteamsuggeststhatwithoutcontinentscoveredinsoil,moreOxygen­18wouldhavebeenpresentintheocean.Theirdiscoveryindeedsuggeststherewasn'tmuchdrylandavailable3.24billionyearsago.“There'snothinginwhatwe'vedonethatsaysyoucan'thavetiny,micro­continentsstickingoutoftheoceans，”addedco­authorBoswellWing.“Wejustdon'tthinktherewereglobal­scaleformationsofcontinentalsoilslikewehavetoday.”Theresearchersdon'tknowwhenandhowcontinentsbegantoemergeoutoftheoceanbuttheyplantoinvestigate“younger”rockformationstopiecetogetheramoreprecisetimeline.12．Whereistheresearchsite?A．Inaregiondeepunderwater.B．InaregionoffAustralia.C．InaregioninlandAustralia.D．InaregionoutsidethePilbaraCraton.13．Whatdotheunderlinedwords“interactedwith”inParagraph2mean?A．Haveaneffectoneachother.B．Haveaone­wayeffect.C．Haveamysteriouseffect.D．Haveanegativeeffect.14．What'stheresearchers'conclusionafteranalyzingsamplesfromAustralia?A．Modernearthmusthavebeenawaterworld.B．Modernearthmusthavebeenacontinentalworld.C．Ancientearthmayhavebeenawaterworld.D．Ancientearthmayhavebeenacontinentalworld.15．What'stheresearchers'nextfocusofthestudy?A．Toresearchcontinentalsoils'formations.B．Toresearchtheocean'sformations.C．Toresearch“older”rockformations.D．Toresearch“younger”rockformations.其次节(共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分)依据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。[2024·潍坊高三下学期二模]Includingchildreninthefarminglifestylehasmanybenefits.Sure,itisnicetohavetheadditionalhelpwithchores(家庭杂务),butitalsofosterssomuchgrowth,sendingourkidsdownagoodpathtowardswhotheywillsomedaybecome.Itispossiblethatourchildrenwillgrowuptoleadlivesthatdonotincludefarming.__16__Throughcaringforfarmanimals,kidslearnthatinlifeothersoftencomebeforeself.__17__Itdoesn'tmatterifwedon'tfeellikeitorifwearesickandtired.Whatmattersisthatwetakecareoftheanimalsthattakecareofusanddosoinatimelymanner.__18__Iftheworkonafarmdoesnotgetdone,theoperationfails.Ittakesdisciplineandcommitmenttogetdowntobusinesseveryday,andseeingthisinactionwillgivekidsagoodworkattitude.Theywillknowandunderstandthatnothinggoodcomeseasyandthattheyhavetoworktosurvive.__19__Functioningaspartofaproductiveteamwillsurelybeplayingacrucialrolesoonerorlaterinallwalksoflife.Additionally,farmingteachespatience.__20__Cattlewillbedifficulttocontrol.Horseswillrunawaywhenyoutrytocatchthem.Goatswillkickoverthatbucketofhard­earnedmilk.Aroosterwilldecideyougottooclosetohishensandgiveyouarunforyourmoney.Inspiteofallthat,kidswilllearntobepatientandtakethingseasy.Theremaynotbeanyinstantreward,butinthelong­termkidswillseethebenefitofalltheireffortsduringthoseharddays.A．Atthesametime,theylearntoworkwithothers.B．Farmlifealsoteacheskidsthevalueofhardwork.C．Childrenlearntobegratefulforanimalsforeatingpurpose.D．Teamworkisnolongeranimportantskilltodevelopanduse.E．Therearegoingtobealotofdayswhenthingsdonotgoyourway.F．However,whattheylearnonafarmcanalsobeinstrumentalintheirfuturelives.G．Animalsneedtobefed,watered,andcaredforbeforewegettositdownandrelax.40分阅读理解提分练(二)第一节A语篇类型：应用文主题语境：人与社会——建筑技术——世界建筑奇迹[文章大意]文章介绍了新加坡、巴塞罗那、雅典及迪拜的建筑特色及其代表建筑。1．答案与解析：A考查细微环节理解。依据Singapore部分第一句“ThearchitectureofSingaporeisfuturistictothepointwherevisitorsmayfeelliketheyhavesteppedontoasciencefictionfilm.”可知，新加坡的建筑是特别现代的。故选A。2．答案与解析：D考查细微环节理解。依据Barcelona部分第一句中的“toseetheuniqueworksoffamedarchitectAntoniGaudí”以及其次句中的“TheTempleExpiatoridelaSagradaFamíliaisthemostpopularofthese.”可知，TempleExpiatoridelaSagradaFamília是AntoniGaudí的作品。故选D。3．答案与解析：C考查推理推断。依据Athens部分最终一句中的“Athensistheplacetovisitifyouareeagertoseearchitecturefilledwithhistory.”可推知，假如你对建筑背后的古老故事感到新奇，你可以去雅典参观。故选C。B语篇类型：记叙文主题语境：人与社会——新型病源——新型冠状病毒性肺炎的出现[文章大意]文章主要叙述了作者在新型冠状病毒性肺炎大流行期间的工作状况。4．答案与解析：D推理推断题。该题问的是作者在其次段提到“Itwasnuts.”是要说明什么。依据关键句“ThenextdaythestorewasthebusiestI'veeverseen.Thesixcashregistershadtobekeptopenfrom10a.m.untilclose.”(其次段第一、二句)可知，商店特别劳碌，收银机从早到晚始终开着。由此可推知，作者想说明当地人疯狂地赶去购物。故选D。5．答案与解析：B推理推断题。该题问的是第三段传达了关于顾客的什么信息。依据关键句“Customersaremostlyconsiderate,butwheneversomeonecoughsorsneezes,everyoneturnsaroundtomakesurethatpersonsneezedintotheirelbow.I'veevenseencustomerscomeinwearingsomestrangeget­ups.OneguyevencameinwithaplasticWalmartbagwrappedaroundhisentirehead,withaslitcutoutforhiseyes.”(第三段其次至四句)可推知，他们对这种疾病感到恐慌。故选B。6．答案与解析：A推理推断题。该题问的是哪一项最适合描述作者。依据关键句“Iknoweveryoneisworried,butit'suselesshavingthesamescaryconversationsdayafterday.Instead,tellusafunnyanecdote,oraboutsomethingnice.We'llappreciatethedistraction,andyou'llmakeourdayjustabitbrighter.”(第五段最终三句)可知，作者认为不该每天都谈论那些引起恐慌的事情，而应用轻松美妙的故事来分散人们的留意力，调整心情。由此可推知，作者是乐观的。故选A。7．答案与解析：D标题概括题。该题问的是本文的最佳标题是什么。通读全文可知，文章主要叙述了作者在新型冠状病毒肺炎大流行期间的工作状况。因此，本文的最佳标题应是“这是疫情期间工作的状况”。故选D。C语篇类型：说明文主题语境：人与社会——科技——新型发电机[文章大意]文中介绍了通过温差发电的新型发电机。8．答案与解析：B考查细微环节理解。依据其次段中的“Thisplatestayscoolerthanthesurroundingairbygivingoffheatitabsorbs.”可知，发电机面对天空的一面比四周的空气温度低，因为它能把汲取的热量发散出去。故选B项。9．答案与解析：C考查推理推断。其次段介绍了发电机面对天空的一面比四周的空气温度低，第三段介绍了发电机的底部持续被加热，夜晚，发电机的上面比下面低好几度。再结合第三段最终一句“Whenonesideofthegeneratoriscoolerthantheother,itproduceselectricity.”可知，当发电机的一面比另一面温度低时就会产生电力。由此可推知，该发电机是利用温差发电的。故选C项。10．答案与解析：B考查细微环节理解。依据最终一段中的“Thismaybeespeciallyusefulinpolar(极地的)regionsthatdon'tseesunlightformonths.”可知，该发电机在数月都没有阳光的极地很有用，即它在缺乏阳光的地区用途很大。故选B项。11．答案与解析：A考查观点看法。依据第四、第五段的内容，尤其是“Soadevicethattookupafewsquaremetresofroofspacecouldlightuparoomwithenergyfromthenightsky”“Ifyouhavesomelow­powerloadandyouneedtopoweritthroughthreemonthsofdarkness,thismightbeaway.”可知，这些工程师们都认为该设备很好用，即对其前景充溢希望。故选A项。D语篇类型：说明文主题语境：人与自然——人文地理——十亿年前的地球[文章大意]文章介绍了一项关于数十亿年前地球是什么样子的探讨。12．答案与解析：C细微环节理解题。依据关键句“Toinvestigatewhatourplanetwaslikebillionsofyearsago,ateamofresearchersturnedtoindirectmethodsofanalysisatageologicalsiteintheAustralianOutbackknownasPanorama(全景画)inthePilbaraCraton.”(第一段其次句)可知，该探讨的探讨地点在澳大利亚内陆的一个地区。故选