考博英语模拟试卷222

考博英语模拟试卷222

一、词汇（本题共30题，每题7.0分，共30分。）

1、Ishouldbeabletofinishthetaskontime,youprovidemewiththenecessary

guidance.

A、incase

B>providedthat

C、orelse

D^asif

标准答案：B

知识点解析：incase万一；providedthat只要;orelse否则，耍不然；asif好像。

根据句意应选Bo

2、Thepriestmadetheofthecrosswhenheenteredthechurch.

A、mark

signal

C、sign

D、gesture

标准答案：C

知识点解析:四个词中,只有sign可与“cross（十字）”搭配。idl：toconsecratewith

thesignofthecross划十字祝福。

3、Farmersoftenusewaterbuffalotohelptheminthefields.

A、paddle

B、paddy

C、pagoda

D、pagan

标准答案：B

知识点解析：paddy"水稻生长的地方”符合题意；paddle桨；pagoda宝塔；pagan异

教徒。

4、Despitethefactthattheywerewhentheymarried,alter30yearstheylive

togetherharmoniously.

contradictory

B、incompatible

C、contrary

D、compatible

标准答案：B

知识点解析：句意：尽管他们结婚时合不来，但30年后他们却相处得很和谐。

incompatible不调和的。contradictory反对的。contrary相反的。compatible协调

的。

5、Thefriendwasexposedintheendtobehiddenrivalwhohadbeenplotting

againstthecompany'smarketinginHongKong.

A、professed

B、announced

C^exclaimed

D、declared

标准答案：A

知识点解析：暂无解析

6、Theoldcoupledecidedtoaboyandagirlthoughtheyhadthreechildrenof

theirown.

A、adapt

bring

C^receive

D、adopt

标准答案：D

知识点解析：A项adapt意为?“使适应，改编，改写“；B项bring意为“带来，引

起”；C项receive意为“收到”；D项adopi意为“采纳，收养”。

7、Ayearhasandthereisnosignofthesituationgettinganybetter.

A、emerged

B、enclosed

C^clasped

D、expired

标准答案：D

知识点解析：emerge出现；enclose围住，封在...之中；clasp扣紧，紧握；

expire期满，结束。

8、Doctoroftenuneasinessinthepeopletheydealwith.

A、smell

B、hare

C、sense

D、tough

标准答案；C

知识点解析:四个选项的意思分别是：smell”嗅,闻到，散发“hare"野兔”；

sense”感到，理解，认识“；tough“忍耐，坚持工根据题意，应该选择C。

9、Heisaverycharacter;heisneverrelaxedwithstrangers.

A、self-confident

B>self-conscious

C^self-evident

D^self-serving

标准答案：B

知识点解析：暂无解析

10>Therainwasveryheavyandthelandwasflooded.

A、consequently

continuously

C、constantly

D、consistently

标准答案：A

知识点解析：consequently所以，因而。continuously继续地，连续地。constantly

恒定不变的，固定的，稳定的。consisiemly一贯，始终如一地。

11、Thesmallnationsurvivedthewarbyitselftooneofthesuperpowers.

A、devoting

B、indulging

C、affiliating

D、acclaiming

标准答案：C

知识点解析：暂无解析

12NNepalisacountryincentralAsiathatislandlockedandbytheHimalayas.

A、secluded

B、bordered

C、integrated

D、opened

标准答案：B

知识点解析：本题空格处是说与喜马拉雅山脉接壤。bordered“接壤”。其他三项

secluded”使（尤指自己）与他人隔离，隐居"；integrated“结合”;opened“公开”都不正

确。

13、Theinkhasfadedwithtimeandsopartsoftheletterwere.

A、illegible

indelible

C、illegitimate

D、inscrutable

标准答案：A

知识点解析：illegible难以辨认的；indelible难忘的，持久的；illegilimate不合理

的，非法的；inscnnable难以理解的，不可思议的。根据句意应选A。

14、Thisprogramwilllakekidswhohaveamanifeslhistoryofviolentacts.

A^determined

demonstrated

C、administrated

D、distinguished

标准答案：B

知识点解析:本题中，manifest的意思是“显然的,明白的四个选项中,

demonstrated的意思是“明显的”;determined的意思是“坚决的，决定了的”;

administrated的意思是“被管理的，支配的、'；distinguished的意思是“卓著的，著名

的，高贵的只有B符合题意。

15>Youcancomewithmetothemuseumthisafternoonyoudon'tmind

walkingforhalfanhour.

A、unless

B、sofaras

C>except

D、if

标准答案：D

知识点解析；句意为“如果你不介意走半个小时路的话，你今天下午就跟我一块去

博物馆吧。”可知为D,其余三项均不通。

16、Igotanewbatteryformyrecorderonlylastweek,butitseemstohave

already.

A、wornout

B、rundown

C^knockedoff

D、goneoff

标准答案：B

知识点解析：本句是说我上周刚给收音机买了一块新电池，但现在电似乎已经用完

了。rundown意为“用完”，符合句意。其他三项“wearout穿破，用坏，疲劳；

knockoff撞倒,敲掉;gooff去世，消失''都不正确。

17、Theweathermanbroadcaststheintemperaturetwiceaday.

A、diversion

B、variety

C^variation

D^modification

标准答案：C

知识点解析：variation变异，变化；diversion转移，转向；variety种类；

modification修改，修饰。句意：天气预报员每天两次播报温度变化。

18、HesaidthemostunusualaspectoftheMexicantrialwasthatthe12teenagerswere

notgivenanydragstosuppresstheirimmunesystems,wouldnormallydestroy

anycellsfromotheranimals.

A、atwhich

B、which

C、towhich

D^as

标准答案：B

知识点解析：暂无解析

19、Bycomputation,heestimatedthattherepairsonthehousewouldcosthim

$2,000.

A、coarse

rude

C、crude

D、rough

标准答案：D

知识点解析：byroughcomputationcoarse粗糙的，粗鄙的；rude粗鲁

的：cnide天然的，未加T的,拙劣的八

20、Vastherdsoflargegameanimalsonceroamedtheplainsofwhatisnowthestateof

Kansas.

A、wandered

B、inhabited

CNgrazed

D、populated

标准答案：A

知识点解析：这句话的意思是：成群的大型动物曾经——过去是平原的堪萨斯州。

在给出的选项中，wander”游荡，徘徊"；inhabit”居住，栖息”；graze“吃草，轻

擦”;populate"居住于"。正确答案是A。

21Ifyoutakea(n)courselikeheryoucanlearnEnglishinlessthantwoyears.

A、intensive

extensive

C、expansive

D、retentive

标准答案：A

知识点解析；本题前半句是说如果你像她一样选修强化训练课。A项“intensive加

强的，密集的‘'符合题意。如：Inlensivecareinhospilalsisgivenloiheseriously

ill.(在医院里危重病人得到悉心护理/加强护理。)其他三项“extensive广泛的；

expansive广阔的，豪华的；retentive有保持力的”都不正确。

22、“Thisparkhasmorethan200waterfallsthatare5feetorhigher.And50ofthem

haveneverbeenmappedorphotographed,'*saysparkhistorianLeeWhittlesey.MNow

thal'satothesizeofYellowstone."

A、proposition

B、hypothesis

C、ceremony

D、testimony

标准答案：A

知识点解析：本题是说还有150处瀑布没有被测绘或拍摄，现已向公园提出了这一

建议。A项"proposition建议，主张”符合题意。其他三项"hypothesis假设；

ceremony仪太；［estimeny证词，证据”都不正确。

23、TheChinesegovernmentisdeterminedtogotheestablishedpolicyof

developingagriculture.

A、after

B、on

C^ahead

D、by

标推答案：D

知识点解析：goby的意思是“遵循"。goafter追求；goon(doingsomething)继续(干

某事)；goahead继续，均与本句的意思不符合。

24、Sheaccidentallyswallowedthepoisonanddeathwas.

A、instantaneous

B、simultaneous

C、symmetrical

D、insufficient

标准答案：A

知识点解析：(instantaneous瞬间的,即刻的)。句意为:她误吞毒药，死亡在即。

B.simultaneous同时存在的，同时发生的；C.symmetrical对称的，匀称的；

D.insuf行cienl不够的,无能的。

25、Theconnoisseurs'opinionsdifferedgreatlyastothequestionwhetherthepictureon

showwasa(n)Picassopainting.

A、explicit

B、reliable

C>stringent

D、authentic

标准答案：D

知识点解析：authentic真实的，真正的；explicit清楚的，直率的：reliable可靠

的，可信的；stringent严厉的，迫切的。

26、ThehasleftfortheAntarcticanditwillcomebackinsixmonths.

A、expedition

execution

C、exploration

D、delegation

标准答案：A

知识点解析：A.expedition远征队，探险队。B.execution强制执行；执行命令。

C.exploration勘探,探测。D.delegation委派，派遣，代表团。

27>Ithebottletopiecesagainsttherock.

A、splashed

smashed

C^fractured

D、cracked

标准答案：B

知识点解析：B.smashsth.against使撞上某物。A.splash溅起,溅落。

C.fraclure使折断，破碎。D.crackslhon/againsl猛击某物。

28、Alltheireffortstosolvetheproblemprovedfutile.

A、useless

B、undesirable

C、unnecessary

D、worthless

标准答案：A

知识点解析：A.useless无用的无价值的；B.undesirable不合乎社会道德标格

的，不受欢迎的；C.unnecessary不必要的，多余的；D.worthless无价值的，无

足轻重的。

29、Despiteeffortsbythefinanceminister,inflationroseto36points.

A、absurd

B、grimy

C、valiant

D、fraudulent

标准答案：C

知识点解析：本题的四个选项中，absurd意为“不合理的，荒谬的，可笑的，愚蠢

的"：grimy意为“污秽的”;valiant意为“勇敢的，英勇的"：fraudulent意为“欺诈

的，欺骗的”。句意是，尽管财政部长做了无畏的努力，但通货膨胀仍然上升到J

36点。所以正确答案是C项,如HemadeavaliantattempttorescuethechiId（他勇敢

地试着去救那孩子）。

30、U.S.SecretaryofStateRiceathree-daytriptotheMiddleEastwithan

agreementfromIsraeliandPalestinianleaderstoholdmeetingseverytwoweeks.

A^endedup

B、wrappedup

C^roundedup

D^summedup

标准答案：B

知识点解析：句子大意：美国国务卿赖斯——为期三天的中东之行，与以色列领导

人和巴勒斯坦领导人达成协议，每两周举行一次会谈。分析各个选项，找出符合句

意的项。A项ended叩”结束，告终”；B项wrappedup"收拾好,盖好；结束”；C

项roundedup“围捕，赶拢，使...集拢”：D项summedup"总结，概述，计算...

的总数将各选项代人，只有B项符合题意，因此本题选择B。A项干扰最大，

但是必须是endupwith后面才能接名词。

二、阅读理解(本题共720题，每题7.0分，共72。

分。)

Duringthesecondhalfofthenineteenthcentury,intheUnitedStates,boththestimulus

toproducelandscapeartandthesubjectoflandscapealteredappreciablyasthepressure

ofeventssurroundingtheCivilWarwitnessedtheemergenceofanewnational

consciousness.Itwasatimewhencertainfundamentalreligiousbeliefswereassaultedby

newscientifictheoryandwhennewcriticalwriting,particularlythoseofJohnRuskin,

exercisedanimportantinfluenceonart.ThelandscapepaintingfromtheGanzcollection

provideanopportunitytoexaminetheshiftsintasteandthepluralitiesofstylethat

characterizedAmericanlandscapepainting,especiallyinthelatterpartofthecentury.In

theearlyyearsofthenineteenthcenturyAmericanlandscapewascloselyassociatedwith

therepublicanidealsofthenewnationandtookonsignificanceinthepopular

imaginationasaformofnationalpropaganda.Landscapepaintingwasconceivedofasa

vehicleforthepresentationofthenewrepublic'suniquehistoricalandmoralpositionin

worldhistory.ThispositionwassupportedbyThomasCole,thedeanoftheHudson

RiverSchool,andwasbasedonareligiousinterpretationofwildernessthemes.Whilethe

Americanconcernforthefoundingofaschoolofhistoricallandscapewasmostassertive

inthefirsthalfofthecenturyandwasconfirmedinsuchgrandlyambitiouspaintingsas

Cafe'sfamousinstructivemoraloneportrayingtheCOURSEOFEMPIRE,theinterestin

creatinganationalartbasedonAmericannaturecontinuedtoinfluencetheformal

evolutionoflandscapepainting.(252words)

31、Withwhattopicisthepassageprimarilyconcerned?

标准答案：D

知识点解析：从文章第一段第一句和第二段第一句的时间倒叙，以及全文的最后半

句，我们VI以判断答案为“美国风景画的发展历程”，

32、Whatphenomenondoestheauthormentionasoccurringatthetimeofthe

CivilWar?

标准答案：D

知识点解析：文章第一段第一句“在19世纪后半叶的美国，随着内战种种事件的发

生，崭新的民族意识开始出现，促进风景画制作的因素和风景画的主题也硝硝地有

所改变所以说新的民族意识是在19世纪产生的，故选D。

33、Accordingtotheauthor,whyistheGanzcollectionsignificant?

标准答案：A

知识点解析•：文章第一段说，Ganz的组画是美国风景画的代表.而我们可以从中

看出美国风景画在趣味和风格方面的变化。A“它反映美国风景画的变化”符台该句

子的意思。

34、Accordingtotheauthor,landscapepaintingearlyinthenineteenthcenturywasused

to.

标准答案：c

知识点露析：从第二段第一句话中可以得知C“表现和强调一个新的民族的诞生”是

正确的。

35、Whatdoestheword"assaulted"(Line4,Para.1)mean?

标准答案：A

知识点解析：assaulted相当于attacked"抨击”之意。

Dr.JeremyJosephvolunteeredtoperforincataractsurgeryonpatientsinZimbabwein

1995,andparticipatedinhisfirstexpeditionforSEEInternational(SurgicalEye

Expeditions).ThisLondon-basedophthalmologistknewtoexpecthundredsofpatients

prematurelyblindedbycataracts;theirconditioncompoundedbypoorfacilitiesandlack

ofmedication.Whathehadnotanticipatedwasthepowerfulimpactthisexperience

wouldhaveonhisownlife."MyworkwithSEEInternationalischallengingand

inspiring;verymuchatwo-wayprocess/saysDr.Joseph.'"Ihavegainedjustasmuch

frommyexperienceasIhavegivenback.Manyofthecasesarenotordinarycataracts.

Patientsareoftenyoungwithtraumaticcataracts,ortheyareoldwithcomplexcataracts.

I'vehadtolearntooperateinlessthanidealcircumstances,wherethewaterorelectricity

supplyorbothcanstopatanytime.ButI'vehadthepleasureofworkingwithsomeof

theworld'smostdedicatedophthalmologists,andtheexperiencehasbeenoneofpersonal

growthandconfidenceforme."Thisseemstobeanongoinglearningprocess.Atthe

endofafollow-upEyeCampinNamibia,whereDr.Josephandhiscolleaguesoperated

onmorethan125patients,theywalkedintoalocalhallwherethepatientshadgathered

tosaygoodbye."Everypatient,whohadpreviouslybeenbroughtinblind,andwhocould

nowsee,cameforwardandinturnclaspedeachsurgeon'shandinthanks.Theroom

spilledoverwilhemolionjsaysDr.Joseph.Cataract-inducedblindnessinthispartofthe

worldrobstheindividualoftheabilitytoworkandearnaliving,andthesocialand

economicconsequencesofblindness,arestaggering.Dr.Josephexpands,"Ourworkisn't

justaboutgivingpeoplebacktheirsight;wearehelpingthemgettheirlivesback."Since

thatfirstexpedition,Dr.Josephhasparticipatedinninemore.Heisoneofhundredsof

ophthalmologistsfromaroundtheglobe,thathaveteamedupwithSEEInternationalto

devotetheirtimeandenergytofightcataractinducedblindness,andothereyediseasesin

thedevelopingworld.AccordingtotheWorldHealthOrganization(WHO),cataracts

accountforabouthalfoftheworld'spreventableblindnessandbilateralcataracts

currentlyblindatleast20millionpeople.HarryBrown,aCalifornianophthalmologist,

launchedSEEInternationalintheearly1970swithagroupoftrainedophthalmic

surgeons,nurses,andtechniciansfromaroundtheworld.Dr.Brown'saimwasto

transformlanguishinglivesintoproductiveones.Nowthatthisdreamhasreached

fruition,thousandsofblindpeopleinmorethan40countriesincludingthePhilippines,

Mexico,Peru,Thailand,Kenya,Ecuador,andMalawiaresuccessfullytreated.Morethan

600volunteerophthalmologistsoffertheirserviceseachyear.Despitethehelpdispensed

tomanypatients;therearestillsomewhoarenotreceivingtreatmentduetothefactthat

SEEInternationalcanonlyoperateinonelocationforalimitedperiodoftime.Often,

otherproblemssuchasglaucoma,cornealblindness,orretinaldiseasesremainuntreated

duetolimitedresources.Becausetheyrecognizethattheirhighvolumeofcasesrepresent

onlyatinyfractionofthecurableorpreventablecasesofblindnessindeveloping

countries,SEEInternationalfundaseparateeducationprogrammeforophthalmologists

inThirdWorldcountries.TheEyeCampprogrammesteamupwithahost

ophthalmologist,toprovidesometrainingifitisrequired,andtohelpprovideequipment,

suchasmicroscopesandautoclaves(usedforsterilizingsurgicalinstruments).Repeat

visitsaremadetothesamecountrytomaintaintheprojects'momentum.(591words)

36、Whichofthefollowingmaybetheoriginaltitleforthispassage?

标准答案：A

知识点解析：A项比其他三项表达得更全面、更清楚。

37、WhichofthefollowingisNOTwhatDr.JeremyJosephhadexpectedbeforehe

startedoffforZimbabwe9

标准答案：D

知识点解析：参考第二段第二句。

38、WhatisthespecificsignificanceoftheexpeditionofSEEInternational?

标准答案：B

知识点解析：根据第五段Dr.Joseph所说的话和第六段Dr.Brown的目的可以判

断出，SurgicalEyeExpedilions的特殊意义不仅在于使盲人复明，而且更重要的是

改变了他们的生活。

39、Whydootherproblemssuchasglaucoma,cornealblindness,orretinaldiseases

remainuntreated?

标准答案：D

知识点解析：参考最后一段第一句，limitedresources意思为“财力有限”。

40、SEEInternationalwilldoeverythingEXCEPT.

标准答案：D

知识点解析：参考第一段第一句中SEE后面括号里的解释。

Believeitornot,opticalillusion（错觉）cancuthighwaycrashes.Japanisacaseinpoint.

Ithasreducedautomobilecrashesonsomeroadsbynearly75percentusingasimple

opticalillusion.Bentstripes,calledchevrons（人字形）painiedontheroadsmakedrivers

thinkthattheyaredrivingfasterthantheyreallyare,andthusdriversslowdown.Now

theAmericanAssociationFoundationforTrafficSafetyinWashingtonD.C.isplanning

torepeatJapan'ssuccess.Startingnextyear,thefoundationwillpaintchevronsandother

patternsofstripesonselectedroadsaroundthecountrytotesthowwellthepatterns

reducehighwaycrashes.Excessivespeedplaysamajorroleinasmuchasonefifthofall

fataltrafficaccidents,accordingtothefoundation.Tohelpreducethoseaccidents,the

foundationwillconductitstestsinareaswherespeed-relatedhazardsarethegreatest-

curves,exitslopes,trafficcircles,andbridges.Somestudiessuggestthatstraight,

horizontalbarspaintedacrossroadscaninitiallycuttheaveragespeedofdriversinhalf.

However,trafficoftenreturnstofullspeedwithinmonthsasdriversbecomeusedto

seeingthepaintedbar.Chevrons,scientistssay,notonlygivedriverstheimpressionthat

theyarcdrivingfasterthantheyreallyarcbutalsomakealaneappeartobenarrower.

Theresultisalongerlastingreductioninhighwayspeedandthenumberoftraffic

accidents.

41Thepassagemainlydiscusses.

标准答案：A

知识点解析：分析文章的语篇，特别是文章的开头句以及文章最后两行，可以判断

A项正是文章的主题。

42、Onroadspaintedwithchevronsdriverstendtofecithat.

标准答案：C

知识点解析：参见文章第二段第2行。

43、Theadvantageofchevronsoverstraight,horizontalbarsisthattheformer.

标准答案：C

知识点解析：该题问及chevrons与straight,horizontalbars之间的效果比较。依据

文章第五段中内容，说明该方法有效果，但持续时间较短；再依据文章最后一句，

可一目了然两者效果的比较结果。

44、TheAmericanAssociationFoundationforTrafficSafetyplansto.

标准答案：A

知识点解析：依据文章第三段第2行内容可知尝试日本方式是在某些公路上，而不

是在全国。

45、Whatdoestheauthorsayaboutstraight,horizontalbarspaintedacrossroads?

标准答案：B

知识点解析：该问题和48题极为相关。依据同样在第五段。

ToliveintheUnitedStatestodayistogainanappreciationforDahrendorfsassertion

thatsocialchangeexistseverywhere.Technology,theapplicationofknowledgefor

practicalends,isamajorsourceofsocialchange.Yetwewoulddowelltoremind

ourselvesthattechnologyisahumancrcation:itdocsnotexistnaturally.Aspearora

robottoproducemachineparts,neitherismuchmorethanasolidmassofmatter.Fora

birdlookingforanobjectonwhichtorest,aspearorrobotservesthepurposeequally

well.TheexplosionoftheChallengerspaceshuttleandtheRussiannuclearaccidental

Chernobylmakepeopleseehowimportantthehumanqualityoftechnologyis:they

providecasesinwhichwell-plannedsystemssuddenlybecamecompletelydisordered

andtherewasnoreadyhandtosetthemright.Sincetechnologyisahumancreation,we

areresponsibleforwhatisdonewithit.Pessimistsworrythatwewilluseourtechnology

eventuallytoblowourworldandourselvestopieces.Buttheyhavebeensayingthisfor

decades,andsofarwehavemanagedtosurviveandevenflourish.Whetherwewill

continuetodosointheyearsaheadremainsuncertain.Clearly,theimpactoftechnology

onourlivesdeservesacloserexamination.Fewtechnologicaldevelopmentshavehada

greaterimpactonourlivesthanthecomputerrevolution.Scientistsandengineershave

designedspecializedmachinesthatcandothetasksthatonceonlypeoplecoulddo.

Therearcthosewhoassertthat(heswitchtoaninformation-basedeconomyisinthe

samecampasothergreathistoricalmilestones,particularlytheIndustrialRevolution.Yet

whenweaskwhytheIndustrialRevolutionwasarevolution,wefindthatitwasnotthe

machines.Theprimaryreasonwhyitwasarevolutionisthatitledtogreatsocialchange.

Itgaverisetomassproductionand,throughmassproduction,toasocietyinwhichwealth

wasnotconfinedtothefew.Insomewhatsimilarfashion,computerspromiseto

revolutionizethestructureofAmericanlife,particularlyastheyfreethehumanmindand

opennewpossibilitiesinknowledgeandcommunication.TheIndustrialRevolution

supplementedandreplacedthemusclesofhumansandanimalsbymechanicalmethods.

Thecomputeremendsthisdevelopmenttosupplementandreplacesomeaspectsofthe

mindofhumanbeingsbyelectronicmethods.Itisthecapacityofthecomputerfor

solvingproblemsandmakingdecisionsthatrepresentsitsgreatestpotentialandposesthe

greatestdifficultiesinpredictingtheimpactonsociety.

46、Aspearorarobothasthequalityoftechnologyonlywhenit.

标准答案：B

知识点解析：题目问：只有什么时候，一个矛或一个机器人才是技术?第二段首句

“Yetwcwoulddowelltoremindourselvesthattechnologyisahumancreation：itdoes

notexistnaturally.Aspearorarobottoproducemachineparts.neitherismuchmore

thanasolidmassofmatter.”通过这段话可知，我们最好还是提醒自己，科技是人

类的创造，它不存在于刍然之中。矛或机器人生产机器零件，这两者都不仅仅是坚

实的物体。据此判断，答案是B。

47>TheexamplesoftheChallengerandChernobylcitedbytheauthorservetoshow

that.

标准答案：A

知识点解析：题目问：作者引用“挑战者号''航天飞机爆炸和“切尔诺贝利”核泄漏的

例子是想表明什么?第二段“TheexplosionoftheChallengerspaceshuttleandthe

RussiannuclearaccidentatChernobylmakepeopleseehowimportantthehumanquality

oftechnologyis；theyprovidecasesinwhichwell-plannedsystemssuddenlybecame

completelydisorderedandtherewasnoreadyhandtosetthemright.”通过这段话可

知，“挑战者号”航天飞机的爆炸和俄罗斯在“切尔诺贝利”的核事故让人们看到了技

术的人性化是多么的重要，这些事故表明了那些经过周密计划的系统会突然变得混

乱，也不可能让它们恢复到正常轨道上来。据此判断，答案是A。

48、Accordingtotheauthor,theintroductionofthecomputerisarevolutionmainly

because.

标准答案：D

知识点解析•：题目问：艰据作者的观点，计算机的采用是一场革命，主要是因为什

么？第三段“Theprimaryreasonwhyitwasarevolutionisthatitledtogreatsocial

change.”通过这句话可知，计算机的采用是一场革命，主要理由是它导致了巨大

的社会变革。所以，答案是D。

49、Byusingthephrase"thehumanqualityoftechnology"(Line5,Para.2),theauthor

referstothefactthattechnology.

标准答案：B

知识点解析：题目问：通过用短语“技术的人性化”，作者提及了什么事实?第二段

“TheexplosionoftheChallengerspaceshuttleandtheRussiannuclearaccidentat

Chernobylmakepeopleseehowimportantthehumanquaikyoftechnologyis；they

providecasesinwhichwell-plannedsystemssuddenlybecamecompletelydisordered

andtherewasnoreadyhandtosetthemright.”通过这段话可知，”技术的人性化”也

就是说，技术要拥有一些人类的特征。所以，答案是B。

50^Thepassageisbasecontheauthor's.

标准答案：A

知识点解析：题目问：该文章建立在作者什么的基础上?根据文章内容可知，作者

主要是在向读者介绍科技知识。科技作为理论知识的实际运用，是导致社会变革的

一个主要原因。所以，答案是A。

ThesinglebusinessofHenryThoreau,duringforty-oddyearsofeageractivity,wasto

discoveralleconomycalculatedtoprovideasatisfyinglife.Hisoneconcern,whichgave

tohisramblingsinConcordfieldsavalueofhighadventure,wastoexplorethetrue

meaningofwealth.Asheunderstoodtheproblemsofeconomics,therewerethree

possiblesolutionsopentohim,toexploithimself,toexploithisfellows,ortoreducethe

problemtoitslowestdenominator.Thefirstwasquiteimpossible—toimprisononeselfin

atreadmillwhenthemorningcalledtogreatadventure.Toexploitone'sfellowsseemed

toThoreau'ssensitivesocialconscienceanevengreaterinfidelity.Freedomwith

abstinenceseemedtohimbetterthanserfdomwithmaterialwell-being,andhewas

contenttomovetoWaldenPondandsetaboutthehighbusinessofliving,"tofrontonly

theessentialfactsoflifeandtoseewhatithadtoleach."Hedidnotadvocatethatother

menshouldbuildcabinsandliveisolated.Hehadnowishtodogmatizeconcernigthe

bestmodeofliving-eachmustsettlethatforhimself.Butthatasatisfyinglifeshouldbe

lived,hewasvirtuallyconcerned.Thestoryofhisemancipationfromthelower

economicsistheoneromanceofhislife,andWaldenishisgreatbook.Itisabookin

praiseofliferatherthanofNature,arecordofcalculatingeconomiesthatstudiedsaving

inordertospendmorelargely.Butitisabookofsocialcriticismaswell,inspiteofits

explicitdenialofsuchapurpose.Inconsideringthetruenatureofeconomyhe

concluded,withRuskin,thatthecostofathingistheamountoflifewhichisrequiredin

exchangeforit,immediateyorinthelongrun.InWaldenThoreauelaboratedthetext:

"Theonlywealthislife."

51、Themainideaofthisparagraphisbestexpressedas.

标准答案：B

知识点解析：本文主要叙述梭罗如何寻求满意的生活，所以答案是B。

52、Thoreau'schiefaiminlifewasto.

标准答案：A

知识点解析：根据本文的第一句话，可选出正确答案A。

53、Thoreau*ssolutiontotheproblemoflivingwasto.

标准答案：D

知识点解析：从文中我们可以了解到，梭罗寻求有节制的自由，他搬到沃尔登庞德

去了，面对基本的生活必需，这说明他生活简朴。

54、AccordingtoIhoreau,thewealthotanindividualismeasuredby.

标准答案：B

知识点解析：根据...andsosetaboutthehighbusinessofliving,“tofrontonlythe

essentialfactsoflifeandtoseewhatithadtoteach.”可以判断梭罗认为真正的财富

要在生活中去发现，在经历事物中去发现。

55、InThoreau'sopinion,thepriceofathingshouldbemeasuredintermsof.

标准答案：D

知识点解析：最后两句是选D的依据。

Newtechnologylinkstheworldasneverbefore.Ourplanethasshrunk.It'snowa"global

village"wherecountriesarconlysecondsawaybyfaxorphoneorsatellitelink.And,of

course,ourabilitytobenefitfromthishigh-techcommunicationsequipmentisgreatly

enhancedbyforeignlanguageskills.Deeplyinvolvedwiththisnewtechnologyisabreed

ofmodernbusinesspeoplewhohaveagrowingrespectfortheeconomicvalueofdoing

businessabroad.Inmodernmarkets,successoverseasoftenhelpssupportdomestic

businessefforts.Overseasassignmentsarebecomingincreasinglyimportantto

advancementwithinexecutiveranks.Theexecutivestationedinanothercountryno

longerneedfearbeing"outofsightandoutofmind."Heorshecanbesurethatthe

overseaseffortiscentraltothecompany'splanforsuccess,andthatpromotionsoften

followoraccompanyauassignmentabroad,ffanemployeecansucceedinadifficult

assignmento-verseas,superiorswillhavegreaterconfidenceinhisorherabilitytocope

backintheUnitedStateswherecross-culturalconsiderationsandforeignlanguageissues

arebecomingmoreandprevalent（普遍的）.Thankstoavarietyofrelativelyinexpensive

communicationsdeviceswithbusinessapplications,evensmallbusinessesintheUnited

Statesareabletogetintointernationalmarkets.Englishisstilltheinternationallanguage

ofbusiness.Butthereisanever-growingneedforpeoplewhocanspeakanother

language.Asecondlanguageisn'tgenerallyrequiredtogetajobinbusiness,buthaving

languageskillsgivesacandidatetheedgewhenotherqualificationsappeartobeequal.

Theemployeepostedabroadwhospeaksthecountry'sprincipallanguagehasan

opportunitytofast-forwardcertainnegotiations,andcanhavetheculturalinsighttoknow

whenitisbettertomovemoreslowly.Theemployeeatthehomeofficewhocan

communicatewellwithforeignclientsoverthetelephoneorbyfaxmachineisan

obviousassettothefirm.

56、Whatistheauthor'sattitudetowardhigh-techconununicationsequipment?

标准答案：D

知识点解析：从短文第一段第一句及第三句中"benefit"，“enhanced”，第四段

"thanksto…"inexpensive”等褒义词语的使用，作者对高科技通讯设备的积极态

度显而易见。

57、Withtheincreaseduseofhigh-techcommunicationscquipmcnt,busincss

people.

标准答案：C

知识点解析：由题干中关键词"high一techcommunicationequipment"和"busines

speople”确定本题答案指向短文第二段，而这一段的中心内容是海外业务发展的经

济价值及对国内业务的促进作用。

58、Inthispassage,Houtofsightandoutofmind"（Line2,Para.3）probablymeans.

标准答案：C

知识点解析：本题引述的短语出现在第三段，^promotionsoftenfollowor

accompanyanassignmentabroad''（该段第三句）。

59、Accordingtothepassage.whalisanimportantconsiderationofinternational

corporationsinemployingpeopletoday?

标准答案：B

知识点解析：结合短文主题，特别是第五、六段有关要点，可推知跨国公司在聘用

人员时一个重要的考虑应当是除英语以外能否说公司所在国的语言。

60、Theadvantageofemployeeshavingforeignlanguageskillsisthattheycan.

标准答案：A

知识点解析：本题答案涉及短文第六段要点归纳“anopportunitytofast-forward

certainnegotiations,havetheculturalinsighttoknowwhenitisbettertomovemore

slowly”。故选Ao

Thestudyofsocialscienceismorethanthestudyoftheindividualsocialsciences.

Althoughitistruethattobeagoodsocialscientistyoumustknoweachofthose

components,youmustalsoknowhowtheyinterrelate.Byspecializingtooearly,many

socialscientistscanlosesightoftheinterrelationshipsthataresoessentialto

understanding