高考英语试题分项版解析专题13人物传记故事类含解析

专题13人物传记、故事类

2018年高考题

A[2018•浙江卷】

In1812,theyearCharlesDickenswasborn,therewere66novelspublishedinBritain.People

hadbeenwritingnovelsforacentury—mostexpertsdatethefirstnoveltoRobinsonCrusoein

1719—

butnobodywantedtodoitprofessionally.Thesteam-poweredprintingpresswasstillinitsearly

stages;theliteracy（识字）rateinEnglandwasunder50%.Manyworksoffictionappearedwithout

thenamesoftheauthors,oftenwithsomething1ike“Byalady.nNovels,forthemostpart,were

lookeduponassilly,immoral,orjustplainbad.

In1870,whenDickensdied,theworldmournedhimasitsfirstprofessionalwriterandpublisher,

famousandbeloved,whohadledanexplosioninboththepublicationofnovelsandtheirreadership

andwhosecharacters-fromOliverTwisttoTinyTim-wereheldupasmoraltouchstones.Today

Dickens'greatnessisunchallenged.Removinghimfromthepantheon（名人堂）ofEnglishliterature

wouldmakeaboutasmuchsenseastheLouvresellingofftheMonaLisa.

HowdidDickensgettothetop?Forallthefeelingsreadersattachtostories,literature

isanumbersgame,andthetestoftimeisextremelydifficulttopass.Some60,000novelswere

publishedduringtheVictorianage,from1837tol901;todayacasualreadermightbeabletoname

ahalf-dozenofthem.It'spartlytruethatDickens'styleofwritingattractedaudiences

fromal1walksoflife.It'spart1ythathiswritingsrodeawaveofsocial,politicaland

scientificprogress.Butit'salsothatherewrotethecultureofliteratureandputhimself

atthecenter.Noonewilleverknowwhatmixoftalent,ambition,energyandluckmadeDickens

suchasingularwriter.Butasthe200thanniversaryofhisbirthapproaches,itispossible-

andimportantforourownculture-tounderstandhowhemadehimselfalastingone.

21.WnichofthefollowingbestdescribesBritishnovelsinthe18'hcentury?

A.Theyweredifficulttounderstand.

B.Th3ywerepopularamongtherich.

C.Thsywereseenasnearlyworthless.

D.Theywerewrittenmostlybywomen.

22.DickensiscomparedwiththeMonaLisainthetext,tostress_______.

A.hisreputationinFrance

B.hisinterestinmodernart

C.hissuccessinpublication

D.hisimportanceinliterature

23.Wnatistheauthor'spurposeinwritingthetext?

A.Torememberagreatwriter.

B.TointroduceanEnglishnovel.

C.Toencouragestudiesonculture.

D.TopromotevaluesoftheVictorianage.

【答案】21.C22.D23.A

【解析】本文写于CharlesDickens诞辰200周年前夕，介绍了CharlesDickens在英国小说方面的重要

贡献和深远影响。

21.细节理解题。根据第一段对当时情况的描写nobodywantedtodo：tprofessionally.Thesteam-powered

printingpresswasstillmitsearlystages;theliteracy（短手）ratemEnglandwasunder50%.Manyworksoffiction

appearedwithoutthenamesoftheauthors...Novels：forthemostpart,werelookeduponassilly,immoral：orjust

p：ambad.E[l刷技术落后，人们识字率低，作品上没有作者名字，小说被认为是愚蠢的不正常的，毫无价值

可言。故选Co

22.推理判断题。根据第二段Dickens'greatnessisunchallenged.和列举的CharlesDickens小说的

影响可知，把他和MonaLisa相比是为了说明CharlesDickens在英国小说方面的重要性和MonaLisa在

绘画方面的重要性是一样的，故选D。

23.写作意图题。根据文中对CharlesDickens及其作品在英国小说史上重要性的描写，和文章最后Butas

the290thanniversaryofhisbirthapproaches,itispossible—andimportantforourown

culture一tounderstandhowhemadehimselfalastingone.可知本文是写于CharlesDickens诞辰200

周年前夕，由此可知作者写本文是为了纪念这位伟大的作家。故选A。

【点睛】

推理判断题要求在理解表面文字的基础上，做出判断和推论，从而得到文章的隐含的意思和深层的意思，

也就是通过文章中的文字信息，上下逻辑关系及事物的发展变化等已知的信息，推断出作者没有直接表达

的态度和观点。

本文推理判断题的考法：

1.推测文章的观点或结论C小题1要求判断18世纪英国小说的现状，根据第一段对当时情况的描写nobody

wantedtodoitprofessionally.Thesteam-poweredprintingpresswasstillinitsearlystages;

theliteracyrateinEnglandwasunder50%.Novels,werelookeduponassilly,immoral,orjust

plainbad.可知当时印刷技术落后，人们识字率低，小说被认为是愚套的不正常的，毫无价值可言。

2.推测作者写作目的或意图。小题3判断本文的写作目的，根据文中对CharlesDickens及其作品在英国

小说史上重要性的描写，和文章最后Butasthe200thanniversaryofhisbirthapproaches,itis

possible—andimportantforourownculture-tounderstandhowhemadehimselfalastingone.

可知本文是写于CharlesDickens诞辰200周年前夕，由此推断作者写本文是为了纪念这位伟大的作家。

B【2018・天津卷】

WnenIwas17,IreadamagazinearticleaboutamuseumcalledtheMcNay,oncethehomeof

awatercoloristnamedMarianMcNay.Shehadrequestedthecommunitytoturnitintoamuseumupon

herdeath.OnasunnySaturday,SallyandIdroveovertothemuseum.Sheasked,“Doyouhave

theaddress?”"No,butI'11recognizeit,therewasapictureinthemagazine.”

"Uh,stop.Thereitis!”

Tnemuseumwasfree.Weentered,excited.Agroupofpeoplesittinginthehallstoppedtalking

andstaredatus.

“MayIhelpyou?”amanasked."No,"Isaid."We'refine.MTourguidesgotonmynerves.

Whatiftheytalkedalongtimeaboutapaintingyouweren5tthatinterestedin?Sallyhadgone

upstairs.Thepeopleinthehallseemedverynosy（爱窥探的），keepingtheireyesonmewithcuriosity.

Whatwastheirproblem?Isawsomenicesculpturesinoneroom.SuddenlyIsensedamanstanding

behindme."Wheredoyouthinkyouare?”heasked.Iturnedsharply."TheMcNayArtMuseum!*

Hesmiled,shakinghishead."Sorry,theMcNayisonNewBraunfelsStreet.”"What'sthisplace?”

Iasked,stillconfused."Well,it'sourhome."Myheartjolted（震颤）.Iracedtothestaircase

andcalledout,“Sally!Comeclownimmediately!〃

“There'ssomereallygoodstuff（艺术作品）upthere."Shesteppecdown,lookingconfused.I

pushedhertowardthefrontdoor,wavingatthefamily,saying,“Sorry,pleaseforgiveus,you

haveareallyniceplace.〃Outside,whenItoldSallywhathappened,shecoveredhermouth,laughing.

Shecouldn'tbelievehowlongtheyletuslookaroundwithoutsayinganything.

TnerealMcNaywassplendid,butwefeltnervousthewholetimewewerethere.VanGogh,Picasso.

Thistime,westayedtogether,incaseanythingelseunusualhappened.

Tnirtyyears1ater,awomanapproachedmeinapuhlic.place.^Excuseme,didyoueverenter

aresidence,longago,thinkingitwastheMcNayMuseum?”

“Yes.Buthowdoyouknow?Wenevertoldanyone.”

“Thatwasmyhome.Iwasateenagersittinginthehall.Beforeyoucameover,Ineverrealized

whatabeautifulplaceIlivedin.Ineverfeltluckybefore.Youthoughtitwasamuseum.My

feelingsaboutmyhomechangedafterthat.I'vealwayswantedtothankyou.”

41.WnatdoweknowaboutMarianMcNay?

A.Shawasapainter.

B.Shewasacommunityleader.

C.Shewasamuseumdirector.

I).Shewasajournalist.

42.Waydidtheauthorrefusethehelpfromthemaninthehouse?

A.Sh?dislikedpeoplewhowerenosy.

B.Shafeltnervouswhentalkingtostrangers.

C.Shsknewmoreaboutartthantheman.

D.Shemistookhimforatourguide.

43.Howdidtheauthorfeelaboutbeingstaredatbythepeopleinthehal1?

A.Puzzled.B.Concerned.

C.Frightened.D.Delighted.

44.WnydidtheauthordescribetherealMcNaymuseuminjustafewwords?

A.Thsrealmuseumlackedenoughartworktointeresther.

B.Shawastooupsettospendmuchtimeattherealmuseum.

C.ThsMcNaywasdisappointingcomparedwiththehouse.

I).Theeventhappeninginthehousewasmoresignificant.

45.Wnatcouldwelearnfromthelastparagraph?

A.Peopleshouldhavegoodtastetoenjoylife.

B.Peopleshouldspendmoretimewiththeirfamily.

C.Peopletendtobeblindtothebeautyaroundthem.

D.Peopletendtoeducateteenagersatamuseum.

【答案】41.A42.D43.A44.D45.C

【解析】本文是一篇记叙文c文章作者和朋友原想参观McNay博物馆，到了之后参观的时候，发现很多人

奇怪的看着她，最后才发现自己误将一个私人住宅当成McNay博物馆。30年后，一位女士认出误撞入自己

住宅的作者，指出正是因为作者的误撞入才让她意识到自己住的地方有多么美丽。

41.细节理解题。根据文章第一段WhenIwas17,Ireadamagazinearticleaboutamuseumcalledthe

McNay.oncethehomeofawatercoloristnamedMarianMcNay.可知，MarianMcNay是一名水彩画家。

故选A。

42.细节理解题。根据文章第四段"MayIhelpyou?”amanasked."No,"Isaid."We'refine.MTour

guidesgotonmynerves.可知，导游令作者心烦，作者误认为屋子里的男人是位导游。故选D。

43.推理判断题。根据文章第四段Thepeopleinthehallseemedverynosy（爱窥探的），keepingtheir

eyesonmewithcuriosity.Whatwastheirproblem?（大厅的人看起来都非常爱窥探的，眼睛不停的

好奇的看着我。他们有什么问题？）可以推断出，作者当时感到困惑不解。故选A。

44.推理判断题。根据全文可知，作者看墨点主要在叙述参观误当成XcNav博物馆的私人住宅上，故这才

是文章的重心，所以将真正的McNay博物馅叙述一带而过。故选D。

45.推理判断题。根据文章最后一段Beforeyoucameover；IneverrealizedwhatabeautifulplaceIlivedin可知,

在作者未造访她家之前，这位女士从未意识到自己住的地方多么美丽，从而可以推断出，人们往往对周围

的美而不见。故选C。

【点睛】本文是叙事性的文章，文章有一定的趣味性，整体难度中等，考查主要以细节理解和推理判断两

类题型。推理判断题属于主观性较强的高层次阅读理解题，做这类题目时，同学们要严格依据作者所陈述

的细节、事实以及作者的措词、态度和语气，找出能够表露作者思想倾向和感情色彩的词句，然后利用自

己已获得的相关知识进行推理判断，从而得出符合逻辑的结论。如小题3中考查作者被人盯着看的感受，

我们需要找到文章中作者的措词nosy,curiosity和problem,可以推断出作者当时非常困惑不解的心理感

受。

A【2018•北京卷】

MyFirstMarathon（马拉松）

Amonthbeforemyfirstmarathon,oneofmyankleswasinjuredandthismeantnotrunning

fortuoweeks,leavingmeonlytwoweekstotrain.Yet,Iwasdeterminedtogoahead.

Irememberbacktomy7thyearinschool.InmyfirstP.E.class,theteacherrequiredus

torunlapsandthenhit.asoft.bal1.1dicin'tdocitherwel1.He1aterinformedmethatIwas”

notathletic".

TneideathatIwas"notathletic"stuckwithmeforyears.WhenIstartedrunninginmy

30s,Irealizedrunningwasabattleagainstmyself,notaboutcompetitionorwhetherornotI

wasathletic.Itwasallaboutthebattleagainstmyownbodyandmind.Atestofwills!

Tnenightbeforemymarathon,IdreamtthatIcouldn,tevenfindthefinishline.Iwoke

upsweatingandnervous,butreadytoprovesomethingtomyself.

Shortlyaftercrossingthestartline,myshoelaces（鞋带）becameuntied.SoIstoppedto

readjjst.NotthestartIwanted!

Atmile3,Ipassedasign:11GOFORIT,RUNNERS!"

Bymile17,Ibecameoutofbreathandtheonceinjuredanklehurtbadly.Despitethepain,

Istayedthecoursewalkingabitandthenrunningagain.

Bymile21,Iwasstarving!

AsIapproachedmile23,Icouldseemywifewavingasign.Sheismybiggestfan.Shenever

mindedthealarmclocksoundingat4a.m.orquestionedmyexpensesonrunning.

Iwasoneofthefinalrunnerstofinish.ButIfinished!AndIgotamedal.Infact,Igot

thesamemedalastheonethattheguywhocameinfirstplacehad.

Determinedtobemyself,moveforward,freeofshameandworldlylabels（世俗标签），Icannow

callmyselfa"marathonwinner".

36.Amonthbeforethemarathon,theauthor___________.

A.waswelltrainedB.feltscared

C.madeuphismindtorunD.losthope

37.A'hydidtheauthormentiontheP.E.classinhis7thyear?

A.Toacknowledgethesupportofhisteacher.

B.Toamusethereaderswithafunnystory.

C.Toshowhewasnottalentedinsports.

D.Toshareapreciousmemory.

38.Howwastheauthorysfirstmarathon?

A.Hemadeit.B.Hequithalfway.

C.Hegotthefirstprize.

D.Hewalkedtotheend.

39.A'hatdoesthestorymainlytellus?

A.Amanoweshissuccesstohisfamilysupport.

B.Awinnerisonewithagreateffortofwill.

C.Failureisthemotherofsuccess.

D.Oneisnevertoooldtolearn.

C2[2018•北京卷]

A

【要点综述】本文是一篇故事类文章。作者记叙了没有运动天赋的他，在20多岁才开始长跑，但是一次

在跑马拉松比赛前夕踝关节受伤，但他坚持不懈，最终实现了自我的故事。

36.C细节理解题。根据文章第一段中的“Yet,Iwasdeterminedtogoaheadw可知，作者在马拉松

前一个月下定决心要参加马拉松比赛。故选C。

37.C写作意图题。根据文章第二段中的"HelaterinformedmethatIwas"notathletic””可知，

作者的经历证明他在运动方面并非很有天赋。故选C。

38.A细节理解题。根据文章倒数第二段"Iwasoneofthefinalrunnerstofinish.ButIfinished!

AndIgotamedal.Infact,Igotthesamemedalastheonethattheguywhocameinfirstplace

had.”以及前文中作者行进经过的标志可知，虽然作者是最后到达终点的一批马拉松选手，但是他跑完了

全程。故选A。

39.B主旨大意题。根据文章最后一段Determinedtobemyself,moveforward,freeofshameand

worldlylabels（世俗标签），Icannowcallmyselfamarathonwinnerv”可知，作者享受到了战胜

自我的快乐，认为只要努力了就算是胜利者。故选B。

2017年高考题

人物传记类

C1[2017•浙江卷6月考]

A

BenjaminWest,thefatherofAmericanpainting,showedhistalentforartwhenhewasonly

sixyearsofage.Buthedidnotknowaboutbrushesbeforeavisitortoldhimheneededone.In

thosedays,abrushwasmadefromcamel'shair.Therewerenocamelsnearby.Benjamindecided

thateathairwouldworkinstead.Hecutsomefurfromthefamilycattomakeabrush.

Tnebrushdidnotlastlong.SoonBenjaminneededmorefur.Beforelong,thecatbeganto

lookraggedG茎舌）L.Hisfathersaidthatthecat.musthesick.Benjaminwasforcedtoadmitwhat

hehadbeendoing.

Tnccat'slotwasabouttoimprov。.Thatyear,oneofBenjaminscousins,MrPennington,

cametovisit.HewasimpressedwithBenjamin'sdrawings.Whenhewenthome,hesentBenjamin

aboxofpaintandsomebrushes.Healsosentsixengravings（版画）byanartist.Thesewerethe

firstpicturesandfirstrealpaintandbrushesBenjaminhadeverseen.

In1747,whenBenjaminwasnineyearsold,MrPenningtonreturnedforanothervisit.Hewas

amazedatwhatBenjaminhaddonewithhisgift.HeaskedBenjamin，sparentsifhemighttakethe

boybacktoPhiladelphiaforavisit.

Inthecity,MrPenningtongaveBenjaminmaterialsforcreatingoilpaintings.Theboybegan

alandscape（风景）painting.WilliamWilliams,awell-knownpainter>cametoseehimwork.

WilliamswasimpressedwithBenjaminandgavehimtwoclassicbooksonpaintingtotakehome.

Thebookswerelonganddull.Benjamincouldreadonlyalittle,havingbeenapoorstudent.But

helatersaid,“Thosetwobooksweremycompanionsbyday,andundermypillowatnight."While

itislikelythatheunderstoodverylittleofthebooks,theywerehisintroductiontoclassical

paintings.Thenine-year-oldboydecidedthenthathewouldbeanartist.

21.Whatisthetextmainlyabout?

A.Benjamin,svisittoPhiladelphia.

B.Williams'influenceonBenjamin.

C.ThebeginningofBenjamin,slifeasanartist.

D.ThefriendshipbetweenBenjaminandPennington.

22.WhatdoestheunderlinedsentenceinParagraph3suggest?

A.Thecatwouldbecloselywatched.

B.Thecatwou1dgetsomemedicalcare.

C.Benjaminwouldleavehishomeshortly.

D.Benjaminwouldhaverealbrushessoon.

23.WhatdidPenningtondotohelpBenjamindevelophistalent?

A.Hetookhimtoseepaintingexhibitions.

B.Heprovidedhimwithpaintingmaterials.

C.HesenthimtoaschoolinPhiladelphia.

D.Hetaughthimhowtomakeengravings.

24.Williams'twobookshelpedBenjaminto.

A.mastertheuseofpaints

B.appreciatelandscapepaintings

C.gettoknowotherpainters

D.makeuphismindtobeapainter

【文章大意】本文是一篇人物介绍类的记叙文，主要讲述了美国绘画之父本杰明•韦斯特小时候绘画

天赋的培养和他在6至9岁时受到的艺术启蒙教育。

21.C主旨大意题。根据文章第一段首句BenjaminWest…showedhistalentforartwhen…”，

以及下文第四段首句提到的“In1747,whenBenjaminwasnineyearsold…”和最后一段内容及最后一

句“…boydecidedthenthathewouldbeanartist.”，并结合全文可知，文章主要讲述了BenjaminWest

（本杰明•韦斯特）少年时代的艺术启蒙，特别是6〜9岁阶段，所以C项能概括全文大意。

22.D句意理解题。该句需要结合上下文来理解。根据上文第二段提到本杰明剪猫的毛来制作画笔，

导致猫的“毁毛破相”，而第三段提到本杰明的堂兄Pennington给他送来了很多画画的颜料和画笔。由此

我们可以推断，该下划线句子内容说明“猫的命运不久将得到改善”，而这一点可以从本杰明得到了很多画

笔资助推断出来。故这句话隐含着“本杰明将很快不再需要用猫的毛制作画笔了，他将得到很多真正的画

笔”的意思，答案选I）项。

23.B细节理解题.根据文章第五段首句IntheMrPenningtongaveBenjaminmaterialsforcreating

。:IpamtmgL可知，为了更好地培养本杰明的画面天赋，堂兄Pennmgum给了他很多帮助，提供了创作用的

材料等，放选B项.

24.D推理判断题。根据文章最后一段本杰明说的话，以及"\\［：：€；1：3：代《¥山31加皿1€1400出"11^

nine-year-oldboydecidedthenthathewouldbeanartist,“可知，著名画家\Wl:am给予的两本关千绘画的著作

启迪了本杰明幼小的心灵，帮助他打开了通往伟大艺术的殿堂之门，使他立志成为艺术家，所以答案选D

项.

【名师点睛】

本文后两个小题考查了细节题。在完成细节题时，要特别注意排除干扰项。如【小题23】中的D项“Hetaught

himhowtomakeengravings^属于“偷梁换柱”类干扰项，根据第三段第五句"Healsosentsixengravings

byanartist”可知"这些版画是Pennington送给Benjamin的"，并非是Pennington教Benjamin如何画

版画，说明D项明显错误。

干扰项的设置方法通常有以下几种方式：

1.张冠李戴。命题者把文章作者的观点与他人的观点混淆起来，题干问的是作者的观点，选项中出现的

却是他人的观点；或者题干问的是他人的观点，却把作者的观点放到选项中云。

2.偷梁换柱。干扰项用了与原文相似的句型结构和大部分相似的词汇，却在不易引人注意的地方换了几

个词汇，造成句意的改变。

3.无中生有。干扰项往往是生活的基本常识和普遍接受的观点，但在原文中并无相关的信息支持点，这

种选项的设置往往与问题的设问亳不相干。

4.以偏概全。考生在做猜测文章中心思想、给文章添加标题或判断推理题时，往往会犯以偏概全的错误。

产生这类错误的原因是考生受思维定势的影响或考虑不周，以局部代替整体。其具体表现为合理关联与不

合理关联、准确概括与不准确概括之间的错位。不合理关联就是表层理解与深层理解相混淆。表层理解是

对文章中客观事实的感知和记忆，往往是文章直接表述的结论；深层理解则是对文章中的客观事实进行逻

辑推理、总结或概括后得出的结论。不准确概括是指不能准确地按题目要求概括或提取文中的表层或深层

信息。

考点：考查记叙文阅读

故事类

[2017•北京卷]

A

ItwasacoldMarchdayinHighPoint,NorthCarolina.ThegirlsontheWesleyanAcademysoftball

teamwerewaitingfortheirnextturnsatbatduringpractice,stampingtheirfeettostaywarm.

Eighth-graderTaylorBisbeeshivered（发科）alittleasshewatchedherteammateParisWhiteplay.

Thetwodidn'tknoweachotherwell-Taylorhadjustmovedtotownamonthorsobefore.

Sjddenly,Parisfelltotheground."Paris'seyesrolledback,“Taylorsays."Shestarted

shaking.Iknewitwasanemergency.n

Itcertainlywas.Parishadsufferedasuddenheartfailure.Withoutimmediatemedicalcare,

Pariswoulddie.Atfirst,noonemoved.Thegirlswereinshock.Thenthesoftballcoachshouted

out,“DoesanyoneknowCPR?”

C?Risalife-savingtechnique.T。doCPR,youpressonthesickperson'schestsothatblood

movesthroughthebodyandtakesoxygentoorgans.Withoutoxygen,thebrainisdamagedquickly.

Amazingly,TaylorhadjusttakenaCPRcoursethedaybefore.Still,shehesitated.Shedidn't

thinksheknewitwellenough.Butwhennooneelsecameforward,TaylorrantoParisandbegan

doingCPR.aTtwasscary.Tknewitivasthedifferencebetweenlifeanddeath,“saysTaylor.

Taylor,sswiftactionhelpedherteammatescalmdown.Onegirlcalled911.Twomoreranto

gettheschoolnurse,whobroughtadefibrillator,anelectronicdevice（器械）thatcanshockthe

heartbackintowork.Luckstayedwiththem:Paris*sheartbeatreturned.

uIknowIwasreallylucky»”Parissaysnow."Mostpeopledon'tsurvivethis.Myteam

savedmylife.”

ExpertssayParisisright:forasuddenheartfailure,thesinglebestchanceforsurvival

ishavingsomeonenearbystepinanddoCPRquickly.

Today,Parisisbackonthesoftballteam.Taylorwillapplytocollegesoon.Shewantsto

beanurse."Ifeelmoreconfidentinmyactionsnow,“Taylorsays."IknowIcanactunder

pressureinascarysituation.w

55.WhathappenedtoParisonaMarchday?

A.Shecaughtabadcold.

B.Shehadasuddenheartproblem.

C.Shewasknockeddownbyaball.

D.Sheshiveredterriblyduringpractice.

57.WhydoesParissayshewaslucky?

A.Shemadeaworthyfriend.

B.Sherecoveredfromshock.

C.ShereceivedimmediateCPR.

D.Shecamebackonthesoftballteam.

53.WhichofthefollowingwordscanbestdescribeTaylor?

A.Enthusiasticandkind.

B.Courageousandcalm.

C.Cooperativeandgenerous.

D.Ambitiousandprofessional.

【文章大意】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了垒球女孩Paris在打球的过程中突然心力衰竭，队友

Taylor对其进行了紧急心肺复苏，Paris因此恢复了心跳的故事。文章旨在说明病人心力衰竭时，其他人

保持冷静并对其进行紧急心肺复苏的重要性。

55.B细节理解题。根据第三段中“Itcertainlywas.Parishadsufferedasuddenheart

failure.w可知，Paris突然心力衰竭.所以答案为山

57.C推理判断题。根据第六段可知队友的协助使Paris得到了及时的救助，所以Paris说自己很幸

运。故答案为C。

53.B推理判断题。根据第五段中"Butwhennooneelsecameforward,TaylorrantoParisand

begandoingCPR."可知Taylor非常的勇敢,以及第六段首句"Taylor'sswiftactionhelpedher

teammatescalmdown.”可知，Taylor是一个勇敢、冷静的女孩，所以答案为B。

【名师点睛】

故事类文章是高考阅读理解常选材料之一。这类文章常通过叙述突出人物性格特征或讲述个人经历与感悟,

以及逸闻趣事。文章的要素有时间、地点、人物、事件等。有些是按事件发展的经过为主线叙述的，在叙

述的过程中有详有略；有些是按时间的顺序叙述的，有顺叙、倒叙等。

解题技巧：

1、高考选用的此类文章常常为幽默类或情感类故事，其目的或阐明某种观点，或抨击某种陋习，或赞扬

某种品德，所以要关注作者表达的个人感悟，提出的个人意见，或故事中出其不意的变化，而这些往往体

现文章中心或写作意图，属于必考点。如本题中的第58题，总结人物品质的，Taylor根据自己所学的CPR

知识及时的挽救了Paris的生命，虽然犹豫了，但是很快地进行CPR抢救，说明她很勇敢，很镇静，不慌

不忙，不像其他孩子那样陷入惊慌之中，故选B。

2、该类文章语言流畅、有趣，命题往往从故事的情节、人物或事件之间的关系、作者的意图和态度、故事

的前因和后果等方面入手，考查学生对细节的辨认能力以及推理判断能力。这类文章同学们常有文章易懂,

题FI不易做的感觉。要注意培养自己快速阅读的习惯。切不可在个别难懂的词句上停留太久，耽误时间。

3、对整篇短文内容有了一定的了解后，要马上看短文后的问题，带着问题去选择或判断答案。要确定

所需查找的信息范围，并注意所查找信息的特点。例如：如果问题或选项涉及到人名、地名，就应该找首

字母大写的单词；如果问题或选项涉及时间、日期、数字，就应该寻找具体的数据。

[2017•全国卷I]

B

1workwithVolunteersforWildlife,arescueandeducationorganizationatBaileyArboretum

inLocustValley.Tryingtohelpinjured,displacedorsickcreaturescanbeheartbreaking;

survivalisnevercertain.However,whenitworks,itissimplybeautiful.

IgotarescuecallfromawomaninMuttontown.Shehadfoundayoungowl（猫头鹰）onthe

ground.WhenIarrived,Isawa2-to3-week-oldowl.Ithadalreadybeenplacedinacarrier

forsafety.

Iexaminedthechick（雄鸟）anditseemedfine.IfTennld1ocat.ethenest,Tmighthavebeen

abletoputitback,butnoluck.Mynextworkwastoconstructanestandanchoritinatree.

Thehomeownerwasveryhelpful.Awirebasketwasfound.Iputsomepinebranchesintothe

baskettomakethisnestsafeandcomfortable.Iplacedthechickinthenest,anditquickly

calmeddown.

Nowallthatwasneededweretheparents,buttheywereabsent.Igavethehomeownerarecording

ofthehungerscreamsofowlchicks.Theseadvertisethepresenceofchickstoadults;theymight

alsoencourageourchicktostartcallingaswell.Igavetheownerasmuchinformationaspossible

andheadedhometoseewhatnewsthenightmightbring.

Anervousnighttobesure,butsometimesthespiritsofnaturesmileonusall!Thehomeowner

calledtosaythattheparentshadrespondedtotherecordings.Idroveoverandsawthechick

inthenestlookinghealthyandactive.Anditwasaccompaniedinthenestbythegreatestsight

ofall—LUNCH!Theparentshaddonetheirdutyandwouldprobablycontinuetodoso.

24.Whatisunavoidableintheauthor,srescueworkaccordingtoParagraph1?

A.Effortsmadeinvain.

B.Gettinginjuredinhiswork.

C.Feelinguncertainabouthisfuture.

D.Creaturesforcedoutoftheirhomes.

25.WhywastheauthorcalledtoMuttontown?

A.Torescueawoman.

B.Totakecareofawoman.

C.Tolookatababyowl.

D.Tocureayoungowl.

26.Whatmadethechickcalmdown?

A.Anewnest.

B.Somefood.

C.Arecording.

D.Itsparents.

27.Howwouldtheauthorfeelabouttheoutcomeoftheevent?

A.It'sunexpected.

R.Tt?sheaut.ifill.

C.It'shumorous.

D.It,sdiscouraging.

【文章大意】本文是一篇记叙文。本文主要介绍了作者救助一只小猫头鹰，给它做新的窝，帮助它回

到父母身边的故事。

24.A细节理解题.根据文章第一段中的"Trymgtohelpinjureddisplacedorsickcreaturescanbe

heartbreaking;survivalismvercertam」可知，救助受伤动物是令人心碎的，因为不知道被救助的动物是否能

活下去，也就是为救助动物而花费的努力可能会自转，这是不可避免的.故选A.

25.C细节理解题。根据文章第二段中的"Shehadfoundayoungowl（猫头鹰）ontheground.When

Iarrived,Isawa2-to3-week-oldowl.”可知，有人给作者打电话是因为有只小猫头鹰掉在地上了，

作者赶过去看看情况。文中并没有说小猫头鹰受伤了，作者只是过去看情况，所以D选项错误。故选C。

26.A细节理解题。根据文章第四段中的"Iplacedthechickinthenest,anditquicklycalmed

down.”可知，在作者把小猫头鹰放在窝里之后，它很快就平静下来，所以是窝让小猫头鹰平静下来的。故

选A。

27.B推理判断题。根据前文描述可知作者为小猫头鹰做了窝，并且帮助它找回了它的父母。作者的

救助成功了，说明结局是美好的。再结合第一段的“However,whenitworks,itissimplybeautiful.w

可推冽，作者感觉很美好。故选B。

【名师点睛】

尽管近几年高考英语阅读试题中推断题呈不断上升的趋势，但细节题仍然占有较大比例，而且已由过

去简单的对号入座直接答题转向通过语句的同义或反义转换来考查考生对英语语言的理解能力，因此难度

比往年有所增加。

对于直接信息的细节题来说，考生可以首先从问题中找到关键词，然后以此为线索，运用略读及查阅

的技巧在文中迅速寻找这一细节，找到后再把这一部分内容仔细阅读一遍，仔细比较所给选项与文中细节

的细微区别，在准确理解细节的前提下，最后确定最佳答案。

而细节理解题是介于事实细节题和推理判断题之间的一种题型，做这类题目时，考生需要对原文信息

进行加工处理，然后再进行进一步的推理或鉴别，这对考生来说有一定难度。

例如第25题WhywastheauthorcalledtoMutton