辽宁省辽阳市2024-2025学年八年级上学期期末考试英语试卷（含解析）

辽宁省辽阳市2024-2025学年八年级上学期期末英语试卷一、阅读理解（共4小题，每小题8分；满分32分）第一节阅读下面语言材料，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。1．（8分）Hereissomeinformationaboutdifferentrobots.ItsChinesenameisKangkanganditsEnglishnameisHealth.Perhapsyouhaveknownwhatitcandoforpeople.You'reright.Itcanmakedifferentkindsofhealthyfoodforitsowner.It'squitegoodatcooking.Itcanteachyouhowtocooksomefoodyoulikeforsure.It'scertainlyintheshapeofaman.ThisisarobotlikeabirdwiththenameofCleaner.That'saninterestingname.Youmusthaveknownwhatitcandoforyou.Itcanusuallydoallthecleaningjobsaroundthehouse.Whenyouoryourfamilyaretired，itcanhelpyoudoit.Youronlyjobistokeepitcleanaftersometime.Youjustneedtotakeoutalltherubbish（垃圾）initsbody.ThisisJoy.It'sjustlikeitsname.Itcanalwaysbringuslotsoflaughterandmakeuslaugh.Althoughit'slikeaphone，itcanspeakwithyouortelljokes，andyoucanuseittotalktoothersfarawayfromyou.It'stheonlyrobotofthethreethatcanspeakwithpeople.Also，youcanuseitlikeacomputer.That'stosay，youcanplaycomputergamesorsende﹣mailswithit.（1）WhatcanCleanerdoaccordingtothetext？A.Itcancookdinner.B.Itcansende﹣mails.C.Itcantalkwithothers.D.Itcandothecleaning.（2）WhatcanwedowithJoy？A.Wecanplaycomputergames.B.Wecandothehousework.C.Wecancooksomehealthyfood.D.Wecantakephotosofanimals.（3）WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaccordingtothetext？A.Healthcantelldifferentkindsofjokes.B.WeneedtohelpCleanertakeouttherubbish.C.Cleanercanmakeuslaughhappily.D.Joycanhelpuswhenwearecooking.（4）Inwhichpartofthemagazinecanwereadthetext？A.Travel.B.Art.C.Technology.D.History.2．（8分）Ahealthyeatinghabitwithenoughexercisecanhelpyoukeephealthy.Whenyouareyoung，itisimportanttogiveyourbodywhatitneeds.Ifyouskipmeals，youcan'tgetenoughcalories（卡路里）.Andthenyoumayfeeltired.Bytheway，thecalorieisjustanotherwordforenergy.About50%ofyourcaloriesshouldcomefromrice，bread，vegetablesandfruit.Youalsoneedtodrinkalotofwater，6to8glassesaday.Drinkingenoughwatercanmakeyourbodyworkbetterandmakeyouhealthy.Exercisecanhelptomakeyoulookgood，feelgoodandbehealthy.Scientistssaythatkidsshouldspendatleast30minutesexercisingaday，fivetimesaweek.Itiseasytodo!Youcanwalkorrideyourbiketoschool，andplaysportsatschool.However，kidsoftengiveupsports，sayingtheyhavenotimeleftafterfinishingtheirhomework.Infact，doingexercisecanhelpthemsleepbetteranddobetterintheirlessons.Ifyoufollowtheadviceabove，youwilllookandfeelmuchbetterandbecomehealthier.（1）Theunderlinedword"skip"means""inChinese.A.询问B.略过C.阻止D.转移（2）Accordingtothescientists，kidsshouldspendatleastminutesexercisingeveryweek.A.30B.50C.100D.150（3）Whydomanykidsgiveupsportsaccordingtothetext？A.Becausetheyaretoolazytoexercise.B.Becausetheyfeelgreataftergivingupsports.C.Becausetheyarebusywiththeirstudies.D.Becausetheydon'tlikeplayingsportsatall.（4）WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaccordingtothetext？A.About80%ofyourcaloriesshouldcomefromrice，bread，vegetablesandfruit.B.Youneedtodrinkthreetofourglassesofwatereverydaytokeephealthy.C.Studentsshouldexerciseatleasttwiceaweektokeephealthyandhappy.D.Doingexercisecanhelpkidssleepbetteranddobetterintheirlessons.3．（8分）HotpotisverypopularnomatterinhotsummerorcoldwinterinChina.Ithasahistoryover1，000yearsanduntilnow，itisstillthemostpopulardishforsocialorfamilygathering（聚集）.Peopleputametal（金属）potinthemiddleofadiningtable，andwhilethewaterinthepotisboiling（沸腾），ingredientsareputintoitandcookedinthepot.Theyareusuallythinlyslicedbeef，pork，chicken，lamb，leafvegetables，tofuandseafood.ManyChinesepeoplelikeeatinghotpot.LiuYangisoneofthem.LiuYangwenttouniversityinEngland.Threedaysago，hearrivedthere.Hehadthreedaysofhamburgers，sandwichesandpotatoes.Yesterdayhewasveryexcitedwhenheheardthattherewasgoingtobeamealofhotpottowelcomethenewstudents.HewentintotheroomandsatnexttoanAmericangirl.Tohissurprise，hesawpotatoesandbreadinfrontofhim.Wherewasthehotpot？WhentheAmericangirlfoundthatLiuYangwasverysurprised，shemadeanintroductiontohimthathotpotisnothotpot.ChinahashotpotintwowordsbutEnglishhotpotiswritteninoneword.Hotpotismadewithmeat，potatoesandonions.Peopleputthemintotheovenalldayinaheavypotandoveralowheat.Itiseasytocook.Hotpottastesfine.ButLiuYangstillmisseshotpot，twowords!（1）Whatingredientsareusuallyinhotpot？A.Meat，potatoesandonions.B.Potatoesandbread.C.Hamburgersandsandwiches.D.Slicedmeat，leafvegetables，tofuandseafood.（2）WhywasLiuYangveryexcited？A.Becauseheexpectedtoeathotpot.B.Becausehewantedtogotothewelcomeparty.C.Becausehehopedtocookamealforhisnewfriends.D.Becausehewantedtomakefriendswithhisclassmates.（3）Whatdoestheunderlinedword"it"referto？A.Hotpot.B.Meat.C.Hotpot.D.Pot.（4）Whatcanbethebesttitleforthistext？A.AmazingHotPotinEngland.B.HotPotandHotpot.C.ANewWaytoMakeHotpot.D.HotpotinChina.4．（8分）Doyouhavetruefriends？Doyouwanttoknowbetterbetweenyouandyourfriends？Therearethreedifferentkindsoffriends："pestfriends"，"guestfriends"，and"bestfriends".Thefirstkindoffriendsissimplyanacquaintance（熟人）.Allyouusuallyknowaboutthemistheirnames.Youmaymeetthiskindoffriendsatschool，atwork，oronthebus，butyoudon'tmissthemwhenthey'renotaround.Whenthiskindoffriendsdoessomethingbad，youdon'ttellthem.Thatiswhytheyarecalled"pestfriends".Thesecondkindoffriendscouldalsobecalled"socialpartners".Theyarecloserthanacquaintances，butnotascloseastruefriends.Youknowtheirnames，alittleofwhattheylikeordislike，andalittleoftheirfamilyhistories.Youusuallyhaveafewthingsincommon，butyoudon'ttalkaboutanythingdeep，suchasyourwishesorfears，andtheydon'topenuptoyouhowtheyreallyfeel.Thelastkindoffriends，the"bestfriend，istheoneyouknowthedeepest.You'relikefamily，andknoweverythingabouteachother.Youhavenoproblemstayingateachother'shouses，andyoushareyourdeepestfeelingsandthoughts.Theywillcorrectyouwhenyou'rewrong.Sometimestheymaynotbeperfect，butatleasttheywillalwayscareaboutyou，andneverdoanythingonpurpose（故意地）tohurtyou.Weallhaveourpest，guest，andbestfriends.Weshouldvalueallfriendshipsandremember，allbestfriendsstartoutasjustacquaintances.（1）IfyouandJohnareneighborsandclassmates，anddothingstogether，butdon'tshareyourfeelings，youare"".A．pestfriendsB．guestfriendsC．bestfriendsD．truefriends（2）Thefourthparagraphmainlytellsus.A．howtomakeabestfriendB．howtolearnfromyourbestfriendsC．whatabestfriendisD．abestfriendcancorrectyouwhenyouarewrong（3）Fromthepassage，wecanlearnthat.A．pestfriendsaremoreimportantthanguestfriendsB．wemissourbestfriendswhenwe'renotwiththemC．abestfriendhardlydoesanythingbadtoyouD．apestfriendwillneverbecomeyourbestfriend（4）Whichofthefollowingshowsthestructure（结构）ofthepassage？A．B．C．D．第二节阅读短文，从方框内所给的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，其中有一个多余的选项。5．（8分）PerhapsyouhaveheardofalovestorynamedTheLegendofWhiteSnake（《白蛇传》）.（1）It'salovestorybetweenWhiteSnakeandXuXian.IthassomethingtodowiththeDragonBoatFestivalinChina.Onceuponatime，thereweretwosnakes，WhiteSnakeandGreenSnake.Theyhadmagicalpowersandturnedintotwobeautifulyoungladies.（2）WhiteSnakequicklyfellinlovewithhim.Theygotmarried（结婚）soonandlivedhappily.TheDragonBoatFestivalcame.Inthosedays，peopledrinkrealgarwine（雄黄酒）.ButitwasdangerousforWhiteSnaketodrinkthiskindofwine.Itcouldturnherintoahugesnakeagain.XuXiandidn'tknowanythingaboutit，soheaskedhiswifetodrinkrealgarwine.WhenXuXianwentintotheroom，hesawahugewhitesnakeonthebed.（3）Later，WhiteSnakerecovered（恢复）.Inordertosaveherhusband，shewenttosteal（偷）magicalmedicinefromagod.Intheend，thegodwassomovedbyhertruelovethathesavedXuXian.（4）A.Hewasfrightened（受惊吓的）todeath.B.WhiteSnakeisverybeautiful.C.It'saveryfamoustraditionalChinesestory.D.Whatamovinglovestory!E.AttheWestLakeofHangzhou，theymetamancalledXuXian.二、完形填空6．（10分）FarmerJohnandhiswifelivedonafarm.Theykeptapig，acowandachicken.Oneday，amousesawthatJohnputamousetrap（捕鼠器）inthehouse.Hewentaroundthefarmand（1）alloftheotheranimalsaboutthetrap."Thereisamousetrapinthehouse!"themousesaidtothechicken."That'sbadnewsforyou，（2）itdoesn'tbother（打扰）me，"thechickensaid.Then，themousewenttothepigandthecow.Whilethepigandthecowdidnot（3）either.Theysaidtheydidn'thaveto（4）itandwishedthemousegoodluck.Onenight，asnakegot（5）inthemousetrap.John'swifethoughtthesnakewas（6）andtriedtomoveit.Butthesnakewasstillaliveandbit（咬）herhand.Shebecamevery（7）andhadabadfever.Thefarmerdecidedtomakesomechickensouptomakeherfeelbetter﹣sohekilledthe（8）.AsJohn'swifewasstillsick，manyofherfriendscametovisither.Thefarmerkilledthepigandusedittomakefoodforthe（9）.Sadly，John'swifediedfromherillness.Thefarmerkilledthecowforherfuneral（葬礼）.Themousewatchedallofthiswithgreatsadness.Whenwelearnthatsomeoneisfacingdifficultiesor（10），allofuscanbeatrisk.It'sbettertohelpandencourageoneanotherinsteadofleavingothersalonewiththeirproblems.（1）A.taughtB.toldC.askedD.advised（2）A.ifB.orC.andD.but（3）A.careB.startC.expectD.stop（4）A.forgetaboutB.fightwithC.worryaboutD.waitfor（5）A.servedB.takenC.brokenD.caught（6）A.illB.deadC.niceD.bad（7）A.sadB.sickC.angryD.scared（8）A.pigB.mouseC.cowD.chicken（9）A.doctorsB.animalsC.kidsD.visitors（10）A.dangerB.discussionsC.safetyD.decisions三、语篇填空（共1小题，每小题10分；满分10分）阅读短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或用括号内所给词的正确形式填空，使短文通顺、连贯。7．（10分）DearAlice，DoyoulikeBeijingOpera（京剧）？Letmetellyousomethingaboutit.Somepeoplethinkitisboring，butIfindthatitis（1）enjoyableshow.Theoperafansarealwaysexcitedwhentalkingabouttheirfavoriteplays，actorsand（2）（actress）.Ioftenseethempractice（3）（sing）thefamousplaysinparks.Itismuch（4）（hard）toperforminBeijingOperathaninsoapoperas.Why？（5）ittakesyearstopractice.Theactorsneednotonlytopronounce（发音）eachword（6）（clear）andcarefully，butalsotoactinacertainway.WhentraditionalplaysareonduringChinesefestivals，thetheatersareusually（7）（crowd）andtheaudience（观众）shouthappilyattheendoftheplays.Ifyouareinterested（8）Chineseculture，I'lladviseyou（9）（watch）BeijingOpera.I'msureyou'llenjoy（10）（you）.Jane四、阅读与表达（共1小题，41-43小题，每小题10分，44小题4分；满分10分）阅读短文，然后根据内容回答问题。8．（10分）Theaim（目的）ofstudentswhocometoschoolistostudy.Butstudyneedsarightwayoryouwasteeitherthetimeorthemoney.Thefollowingsarethewaysforstudying.Thebesttimeforreadingismorning.Becauseinthemorning，theairisfreshandthemindisclear.Forthatreason，wecangetgoodresults.Instudyingwemusthavepatience（耐心）.Ifwehavenotknownatextwell，wemustreaditagain.Weshouldnotreadthenextonetillwehavelearnedthefirstone.Whenwearestudying，wemustputourheartsintothebook，orwecangetnothingfromthebookwhilewearereading.Wemustalwaysask"why".Ifwedon'tunderstandsomethingwell，writeitdownandaskourteachersorourparents，brothersorfriends.Wemustknowitwellandthenwecanuseitwell.Thoughtherearemanywaysforstudying，theabovementioned（提到）willbequiteenoughifwecankeeptheminheartanddoso.（1）Howmanywaysforstudyingarementionedinthetext？（2）Whenisthebesttimetoread？（3）Whymustwealwaysask"why"inourstudy？（4）Doyouknowanotherway（otherways）forstudying？Pleasetalkaboutit（them）.Write20wordsormore.五、书面表达（满分20分）9．（20分）八年级上学期已接近尾声。在这学期里，你一定做了一些有意义的事，如去了某个有趣的地方、参加了某个难忘的聚会……八年级下学期接踵而至，你又会树立哪些决心呢？为完成它们，你将如何去做呢？请你用英语写一篇短文，包含以下要点：（1）Whatspecialormeaningfulthingsdidyoudothisterm？（2）Whatareyourresolutionsfornextterm？（3）Whatareyougoingtodotokeeptheresolutions？注意：（1）词数80词左右，开头已给出，不计入总词数；（2）可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；（3）文中不得出现真实的人名、校名等相关信息。Howtimeflies!IwillfinishmyfirsttermofGradeEight.Thisterm，_____

参考答案与试题解析一、阅读理解（共4小题，每小题8分；满分32分）第一节阅读下面语言材料，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。1．（8分）Hereissomeinformationaboutdifferentrobots.ItsChinesenameisKangkanganditsEnglishnameisHealth.Perhapsyouhaveknownwhatitcandoforpeople.You'reright.Itcanmakedifferentkindsofhealthyfoodforitsowner.It'squitegoodatcooking.Itcanteachyouhowtocooksomefoodyoulikeforsure.It'scertainlyintheshapeofaman.ThisisarobotlikeabirdwiththenameofCleaner.That'saninterestingname.Youmusthaveknownwhatitcandoforyou.Itcanusuallydoallthecleaningjobsaroundthehouse.Whenyouoryourfamilyaretired，itcanhelpyoudoit.Youronlyjobistokeepitcleanaftersometime.Youjustneedtotakeoutalltherubbish（垃圾）initsbody.ThisisJoy.It'sjustlikeitsname.Itcanalwaysbringuslotsoflaughterandmakeuslaugh.Althoughit'slikeaphone，itcanspeakwithyouortelljokes，andyoucanuseittotalktoothersfarawayfromyou.It'stheonlyrobotofthethreethatcanspeakwithpeople.Also，youcanuseitlikeacomputer.That'stosay，youcanplaycomputergamesorsende﹣mailswithit.（1）WhatcanCleanerdoaccordingtothetext？DA.Itcancookdinner.B.Itcansende﹣mails.C.Itcantalkwithothers.D.Itcandothecleaning.（2）WhatcanwedowithJoy？AA.Wecanplaycomputergames.B.Wecandothehousework.C.Wecancooksomehealthyfood.D.Wecantakephotosofanimals.（3）WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaccordingtothetext？BA.Healthcantelldifferentkindsofjokes.B.WeneedtohelpCleanertakeouttherubbish.C.Cleanercanmakeuslaughhappily.D.Joycanhelpuswhenwearecooking.（4）Inwhichpartofthemagazinecanwereadthetext？CA.Travel.B.Art.C.Technology.D.History.【分析】本文主要介绍了三个机器人。【解答】（1）细节理解题。根据第二个表格中Itcanusuallydoallthecleaningjobsaroundthehouse.（它通常可以做家里所有的清洁工作。）可知，清洁工机器人可以做清洁，故选D。（2）细节理解题。根据第三个表格中That'stosay，youcanplaycomputergamesorsende﹣mailswithit.（也就是说，你可以玩电脑游戏或者用它发电子邮件。）可知，Joy机器人能玩电脑游戏，故选A。（3）细节理解题。根据第二个表格中Youjustneedtotakeoutalltherubbishinitsbody.（你只需要拿出所有的垃圾在它们的身体里伸出来。）可知，这与B选项"我们需要帮助清洁工倒垃圾"描述相符，B选项是正确的，故选B。（4）推理判断题。根据第一段Hereissomeinformationaboutdifferentrobots.（这里有一些关于不同机器人的信息。）以及通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了三个机器人。它属于科技范畴，因此我们可以在杂志的科技部分读这篇课文，故选C。【点评】通读全文，理解文章大意，阅读题目后返回原文阅读并找出与题目相对应的内容，仔细核对，选择符合原文原意的答案，完成后再次阅读并检查。2．（8分）Ahealthyeatinghabitwithenoughexercisecanhelpyoukeephealthy.Whenyouareyoung，itisimportanttogiveyourbodywhatitneeds.Ifyouskipmeals，youcan'tgetenoughcalories（卡路里）.Andthenyoumayfeeltired.Bytheway，thecalorieisjustanotherwordforenergy.About50%ofyourcaloriesshouldcomefromrice，bread，vegetablesandfruit.Youalsoneedtodrinkalotofwater，6to8glassesaday.Drinkingenoughwatercanmakeyourbodyworkbetterandmakeyouhealthy.Exercisecanhelptomakeyoulookgood，feelgoodandbehealthy.Scientistssaythatkidsshouldspendatleast30minutesexercisingaday，fivetimesaweek.Itiseasytodo!Youcanwalkorrideyourbiketoschool，andplaysportsatschool.However，kidsoftengiveupsports，sayingtheyhavenotimeleftafterfinishingtheirhomework.Infact，doingexercisecanhelpthemsleepbetteranddobetterintheirlessons.Ifyoufollowtheadviceabove，youwilllookandfeelmuchbetterandbecomehealthier.（1）Theunderlinedword"skip"means"B"inChinese.A.询问B.略过C.阻止D.转移（2）Accordingtothescientists，kidsshouldspendatleastDminutesexercisingeveryweek.A.30B.50C.100D.150（3）Whydomanykidsgiveupsportsaccordingtothetext？CA.Becausetheyaretoolazytoexercise.B.Becausetheyfeelgreataftergivingupsports.C.Becausetheyarebusywiththeirstudies.D.Becausetheydon'tlikeplayingsportsatall.（4）WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaccordingtothetext？DA.About80%ofyourcaloriesshouldcomefromrice，bread，vegetablesandfruit.B.Youneedtodrinkthreetofourglassesofwatereverydaytokeephealthy.C.Studentsshouldexerciseatleasttwiceaweektokeephealthyandhappy.D.Doingexercisecanhelpkidssleepbetteranddobetterintheirlessons.【分析】本文主要讲述了健康的饮食习惯和足够的运动对保持健康的重要性。【解答】（1）词义猜测题。根据第一段Ifyouskipmeals，youcan'tgetenoughcalories（卡路里）.（如果你饭，你就不能获得足够的热量。）可知，就不能获得足够的热量，所以skip是"略过"的意思，skipmeals"不吃饭"。故选B。（2）推理判断题。根据第二段Scientistssaythatkidsshouldspendatleast30minutesexercisingaday，fivetimesaweek.（科学家说，孩子们应该每天至少锻炼30分钟，每周锻炼5次。）可知，30x5＝150，所以每周至少花150分钟锻炼。故选D。（3）细节理解题。根据第二段However，kidsoftengiveupsports，sayingtheyhavenotimeleftafterfinishingtheirhomework.（然而，孩子们经常放弃运动，说他们在完成作业后没有时间了。）可知，是因为他们忙于学习，没有时间。故选C。（4）细节理解题。根据第二段Infact，doingexercisecanhelpthemsleepbetteranddobetterintheirlessons.（事实上，做运动可以帮助他们睡得更好，在功课上做得更好。）可知，做运动可以帮助孩子睡得更好，在功课上做得更好。故选D。【点评】通读全文，理解文章大意，阅读题目后返回原文阅读并找出与题目相对应的内容，仔细核对，选择符合原文原意的答案，完成后再次阅读并检查。3．（8分）HotpotisverypopularnomatterinhotsummerorcoldwinterinChina.Ithasahistoryover1，000yearsanduntilnow，itisstillthemostpopulardishforsocialorfamilygathering（聚集）.Peopleputametal（金属）potinthemiddleofadiningtable，andwhilethewaterinthepotisboiling（沸腾），ingredientsareputintoitandcookedinthepot.Theyareusuallythinlyslicedbeef，pork，chicken，lamb，leafvegetables，tofuandseafood.ManyChinesepeoplelikeeatinghotpot.LiuYangisoneofthem.LiuYangwenttouniversityinEngland.Threedaysago，hearrivedthere.Hehadthreedaysofhamburgers，sandwichesandpotatoes.Yesterdayhewasveryexcitedwhenheheardthattherewasgoingtobeamealofhotpottowelcomethenewstudents.HewentintotheroomandsatnexttoanAmericangirl.Tohissurprise，hesawpotatoesandbreadinfrontofhim.Wherewasthehotpot？WhentheAmericangirlfoundthatLiuYangwasverysurprised，shemadeanintroductiontohimthathotpotisnothotpot.ChinahashotpotintwowordsbutEnglishhotpotiswritteninoneword.Hotpotismadewithmeat，potatoesandonions.Peopleputthemintotheovenalldayinaheavypotandoveralowheat.Itiseasytocook.Hotpottastesfine.ButLiuYangstillmisseshotpot，twowords!（1）Whatingredientsareusuallyinhotpot？DA.Meat，potatoesandonions.B.Potatoesandbread.C.Hamburgersandsandwiches.D.Slicedmeat，leafvegetables，tofuandseafood.（2）WhywasLiuYangveryexcited？AA.Becauseheexpectedtoeathotpot.B.Becausehewantedtogotothewelcomeparty.C.Becausehehopedtocookamealforhisnewfriends.D.Becausehewantedtomakefriendswithhisclassmates.（3）Whatdoestheunderlinedword"it"referto？CA.Hotpot.B.Meat.C.Hotpot.D.Pot.（4）Whatcanbethebesttitleforthistext？BA.AmazingHotPotinEngland.B.HotPotandHotpot.C.ANewWaytoMakeHotpot.D.HotpotinChina.【分析】短文主要介绍了中国的火锅文化，它在中国无论冬夏都非常受欢迎，拥有超过1000年的历史。火锅是一种社交和家庭聚会的首选美食，人们将各种食材如牛肉、猪肉、鸡肉、羊肉、蔬菜、豆腐和海鲜等放入沸腾的锅中烹饪。文中还讲述了一个名叫刘阳的中国留学生在英国的经历，他初到英国时非常想念火锅，但在欢迎新生的聚餐中却发现所谓的"hotpot"与他所熟悉的中国火锅完全不同，这让他感到惊讶和失望。【解答】（1）细节理解题。根据第1段"Theyareusuallythinlyslicedbeef，pork，chicken，lamb，leafvegetables，tofuandseafood."（它们通常是切成薄片的牛肉、猪肉、鸡肉、羊肉、叶菜、豆腐和海鲜。）可知，食材是肉片、叶菜、豆腐和海鲜。故选：D。（2）细节理解题。根据第2段"Yesterdayhewasveryexcitedwhenheheardthattherewasgoingtobeamealofhotpottowelcomethenewstudents."（昨天，当他听说要吃一顿火锅来欢迎新生时，他非常兴奋。）可知，因为他期待吃一顿火锅，故选：A。（3）代词指代题。根据第4段"Hotpotismadewithmeat，potatoesandonions.Peopleputthemintotheovenalldayinaheavypotandoveralowheat."（火锅是用肉、土豆和洋葱做的。人们把它们放在一个沉重的锅里，用小火烤了一整天。）可知，下句it指的是hotpot，故选：C。（4）标题归纳题。根据最后一段Hotpottastesfine.ButLiuYangstillmisseshotpot，twowords!（英国的火锅味道不错。但是刘洋还是很怀念中国的火锅，两个字！）本文主要介绍了Hotpot与Hotpot的区别，故选：B。【点评】通读全文，理解文章大意，阅读题目后返回原文阅读并找出与题目相对应的内容，仔细核对，选择符合原文原意的答案，完成后再次阅读并检查。4．（8分）Doyouhavetruefriends？Doyouwanttoknowbetterbetweenyouandyourfriends？Therearethreedifferentkindsoffriends："pestfriends"，"guestfriends"，and"bestfriends".Thefirstkindoffriendsissimplyanacquaintance（熟人）.Allyouusuallyknowaboutthemistheirnames.Youmaymeetthiskindoffriendsatschool，atwork，oronthebus，butyoudon'tmissthemwhenthey'renotaround.Whenthiskindoffriendsdoessomethingbad，youdon'ttellthem.Thatiswhytheyarecalled"pestfriends".Thesecondkindoffriendscouldalsobecalled"socialpartners".Theyarecloserthanacquaintances，butnotascloseastruefriends.Youknowtheirnames，alittleofwhattheylikeordislike，andalittleoftheirfamilyhistories.Youusuallyhaveafewthingsincommon，butyoudon'ttalkaboutanythingdeep，suchasyourwishesorfears，andtheydon'topenuptoyouhowtheyreallyfeel.Thelastkindoffriends，the"bestfriend，istheoneyouknowthedeepest.You'relikefamily，andknoweverythingabouteachother.Youhavenoproblemstayingateachother'shouses，andyoushareyourdeepestfeelingsandthoughts.Theywillcorrectyouwhenyou'rewrong.Sometimestheymaynotbeperfect，butatleasttheywillalwayscareaboutyou，andneverdoanythingonpurpose（故意地）tohurtyou.Weallhaveourpest，guest，andbestfriends.Weshouldvalueallfriendshipsandremember，allbestfriendsstartoutasjustacquaintances.（1）IfyouandJohnareneighborsandclassmates，anddothingstogether，butdon'tshareyourfeelings，youare"B".A．pestfriendsB．guestfriendsC．bestfriendsD．truefriends（2）ThefourthparagraphmainlytellsusC.A．howtomakeabestfriendB．howtolearnfromyourbestfriendsC．whatabestfriendisD．abestfriendcancorrectyouwhenyouarewrong（3）Fromthepassage，wecanlearnthatC.A．pestfriendsaremoreimportantthanguestfriendsB．wemissourbestfriendswhenwe'renotwiththemC．abestfriendhardlydoesanythingbadtoyouD．apestfriendwillneverbecomeyourbestfriend（4）Whichofthefollowingshowsthestructure（结构）ofthepassage？BA．B．C．D．【分析】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了三种不同的朋友的特点。【解答】（1）细节理解题。根据"Youknowtheirnames，alittleofwhattheylikeordislike，andalittleoftheirfamilyhistories...suchasyourwishesorfears，andtheydon'topenuptoyouhowtheyreallyfeel."（你知道他们的名字，知道一点他们喜欢什么或不喜欢什么，还有一点他们的家族史……比如你的愿望或恐惧，他们不会向你坦白他们的真实感受。）可知，如果你和John是邻居和同学，一起做事但不分享感受，你们就是"客人朋友"。故选B。（2）段落大意题。根据"Thelastkindoffriends，the"bestfriend"，istheoneyouknowthedeepest."（最后一种朋友，也就是"最好的朋友"，是你认识最深的人。）和整段内容可知，本段主要谈论什么是"最好的朋友"。故选C。（3）细节理解题。根据"butatleasttheywillalwayscareaboutyou，andneverdoanythingonpurpose（故意地）tohurtyou."（但至少他们会一直关心你，不会故意做任何伤害你的事。）可知，最好的朋友几乎不会对你做一些不好的事情。故选C。（4）篇章结构题。根据文章①第一段"Therearethreedifferentkindsoffriends："pestfriends"，"guestfriends"，and"bestfriends."（有三种不同的朋友："讨厌的朋友"，"客人朋友"和"最好的朋友"。）可知首先引出主题：不同的三种朋友；②第二、三和四段分别对三种朋友的特点进行了论述；③最后一段进行总结可知，本文属于总分总结构。故选B。【点评】在通读全文的基础上，根据全文大意，展开逻辑思维，瞻前顾后，认真观察选项，仔细推敲，确定最佳答案。第二节阅读短文，从方框内所给的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，其中有一个多余的选项。5．（8分）PerhapsyouhaveheardofalovestorynamedTheLegendofWhiteSnake（《白蛇传》）.（1）CIt'salovestorybetweenWhiteSnakeandXuXian.IthassomethingtodowiththeDragonBoatFestivalinChina.Onceuponatime，thereweretwosnakes，WhiteSnakeandGreenSnake.Theyhadmagicalpowersandturnedintotwobeautifulyoungladies.（2）EWhiteSnakequicklyfellinlovewithhim.Theygotmarried（结婚）soonandlivedhappily.TheDragonBoatFestivalcame.Inthosedays，peopledrinkrealgarwine（雄黄酒）.ButitwasdangerousforWhiteSnaketodrinkthiskindofwine.Itcouldturnherintoahugesnakeagain.XuXiandidn'tknowanythingaboutit，soheaskedhiswifetodrinkrealgarwine.WhenXuXianwentintotheroom，hesawahugewhitesnakeonthebed.（3）ALater，WhiteSnakerecovered（恢复）.Inordertosaveherhusband，shewenttosteal（偷）magicalmedicinefromagod.Intheend，thegodwassomovedbyhertruelovethathesavedXuXian.（4）DA.Hewasfrightened（受惊吓的）todeath.B.WhiteSnakeisverybeautiful.C.It'saveryfamoustraditionalChinesestory.D.Whatamovinglovestory!E.AttheWestLakeofHangzhou，theymetamancalledXuXian.【分析】本文主要讲述了《白蛇传》这个感人的爱情故事。【解答】（1）细节推理题。根据第一段PerhapsyouhaveheardofalovestorynamedTheLegendofWhiteSnake.（也许你听说过一个叫《白蛇传》的爱情故事。）可知，此处应该和介绍《白蛇传》这个故事有关。结合选项，It'saveryfamoustraditionalChinesestory.（这是一个非常著名的中国传统故事。）符合语境。故选C。（2）细节推理题。根据第二段WhiteSnakequicklyfellinlovewithhim.（白蛇很快爱上了他。）可知，此处应该和"他"有关。结合选项，AttheWestLakeofHangzhou，theymetamancalledXuXian.（在杭州西湖，他们遇到了一个叫许仙的人。）符合语境。故选E。（3）细节推理题。根据第三段WhenXuXianwentintotheroom，hesawahugewhitesnakeonthebed.（当许仙走进房间时，他看到床上有一条巨大的白蛇。）可知，此处应该讲述许仙看到白蛇的结果。结合选项，Hewasfrightenedtodeath.（他被吓死了。）符合语境。故选A。（4）细节推理题。根据第四段Intheend，thegodwassomovedbyhertruelovethathesavedXuXian.（最终，上帝被她的真爱所感动，拯救了许仙。）可知，此处作者应该表达对这个故事的感触。结合选项，Whatamovinglovestory!（多么感人的爱情故事啊！）符合语境。故选D。【点评】首先通读全文，了解文章大意；其次掌握每段的主旨大意，并选出中心句；最后要再次阅读文章检查，避免错误。二、完形填空6．（10分）FarmerJohnandhiswifelivedonafarm.Theykeptapig，acowandachicken.Oneday，amousesawthatJohnputamousetrap（捕鼠器）inthehouse.Hewentaroundthefarmand（1）Balloftheotheranimalsaboutthetrap."Thereisamousetrapinthehouse!"themousesaidtothechicken."That'sbadnewsforyou，（2）Ditdoesn'tbother（打扰）me，"thechickensaid.Then，them