福建省福州市部分学校教学联盟2023-2024学年高一上学期期末质量检测英语试题（解析版）

2023~2024学年第一学期福州市部分学校教学联盟高一年级期末质量检测英语试卷温馨提示：请将所有答案填写到答题卡的相应位置上!请不要错位、越界答题!第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.Wheredoesthemanplantogothisyear?A.Europe.B.Asia.C.SouthAmerica.2.Whatdoesthewomanaskthemantodo?A.Cleanthefloor.B.SitinRow5.C.Dropglassbottles.3.Whatdoesthewomanmean?A.Shewantstogoswimming.B.Sheisbusywithherproject.C.Shewillhaveatesttomorrow.4.Whatwillthemanprobablydonext?A.Getasparekey.B.Borrowsomebooks.C.Helphisneighbor.5.HowmanypeoplewillvisitLondonforfree?A.2.B.3.C.4.第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6至7题。6.Wherearethespeakers?A.Attheman’shouse.B.Inashop.C.Inasupermarket.7.WhichpicturewaspaintedbyGeorgeAnderson?A.TheSwissMountains.B.TheLovelyWindows.C.TheSummerFlowers.听第7段材料，回答第8至9题。8.Whydoesthemanfeelsorry?A.Hedidn’tkeepanappointment.B.Hecan’tlookafterhismother.C.Heistoobusytogotohospital.9.What’sthewoman’sattitudetowardtheman?A.Sorry.B.Understanding.C.Thankful.听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。10.Whatistheproblemwiththewoman’swatch?A.Itneedsanewbattery.B.Itisruinedbywater.C.Itneedscleaning.11.Whatdoesthestoreofferifonechangesabatterythere?A.Anextrabattery.B.Aone-yearguarantee.C.Freecleaningservice.12.Whycan’tthewomangetherwatchbackrightaway?A.Thestorewillclosesoon.B.Shehasn’tgotenoughmoney.C.Themanisverybusynow.听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。13.Whomightthespeakersbe?A.Policeofficers.B.Doctors.C.Passengers.14.Whatdidtheoldladysay?A.Shedidn’tseeanything.B.Thetrafficlightsbrokedown.C.Theredcarwasdrivingveryfast.15.Whatwerethekidsdoingwhentheaccidenthappened?A.Crossingthestreet.B.Playingintheirfrontyard.C.Standingonthestreetcorner.16.WhatcausedtheaccidentaccordingtoMr.Bates?ATheredcar.B.Thedog.C.Thebluecar.听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。17.Whendoesthevolleyballclubmeet?A.OnThursdayevening.B.OnSundaymorning.C.OnSundayevening.18.Atwhattimedoesthemeetingfinish?A.7:30.B.9:30.C.10:00.19.Whatisthe£30usedfor?A.Heating.B.Hallrental.C.Sweaters.20.Whydoesthespeakerleavethismessage?A.Toarrangeaweeklymeeting.B.Torecommendasportsprogramme.C.ToanswerMarcoTaylor’squestions.第二部分阅读理解(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。AThisIstheWayLearningCenterThestaff,parentsandchildrenenrolled(招收)atThisIstheWayLearningCenterareonebigfamily.Wetakethehealthandsafetyofourfamilyveryseriously.ThisIstheWayLearningCenteriscommittedtomaintainingasafeenvironmentforyourchildren.Wearefollowingallsafetyrules.Shouldyouhaveanyquestionsregardingtheprocessesinplacepleasecallourcenter.Wewillbehappytoansweryourquestions.ThisIstheWayLearningCentercaresforandeducateschildrenaged6weeksandup.Weareenrollingforallprograms(PreschoolandNurserySchool)inadditiontobasicchildcare.Therewillbenoenrollmentfeesandregistrationfees.Wearedevotedtothefutureofyourchildandcreatingalifetimeloveoflearningateveryageandstage.Whatcanbemorepreciousorimportantthantheearlydevelopmentalandlearningyearsofourchildren?ThisIstheWayLearningCenterislocatedacrossthestreetfromHenryBarnardSchoolat18ShakerRoad.Itisconvenientlylocatedjustminutesfrom91NorthandSouth,inthetownofEnfield.Hours:•6:30amthrough5:30pm•MondaythroughFriday•Closedonlyonmajorholidays.Ages:•Childrenthroughkindergarten•SchoolageFeatures:•All-day,all-yeardaycare•Homelikesetting•Age-appropriateplayareas•Child-friendlycurriculum•Computereducation•TrainedandexperiencedteachersYoumayemailusatrequests@orcallusat860-253-0010toaskyourquestionsandrequestafreebrochure.1.WhatisThisIstheWayLearningCenter?A.It’sabigfamily. B.It’satrainingcenter.C.It’sasafetycenter. D.It’salocalprogram.2.WhocanteachinThisistheWayLearningCenter?.A.Everyoneenrolledatit. B.Age-appropriatecoaches.C.Computereducationteachers. D.Trainedandexperiencedteachers.3.Forwhomisthistextprobablywritten?A.Parents. B.Visitors. C.Students. D.Professors.【答案】1.B2.D3.A【解析】【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了一家向婴幼儿及学龄期儿童开放的培训中心。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段“ThisIstheWayLearningCentercaresforandeducateschildrenaged6weeksandup.”（ThisIstheWayLearningCenter照顾并教育6周及以上年龄的孩子）可知，这是一个招收婴幼儿的培训中心。故选B项。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据Features部分的“Trainedandexperiencedteachers”（训练有素、有经验的老师）可知，在此教学的人应该是受过训练且有经验的老师。故选D项。【3题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段倒数第二句“Wearedevotedtothefutureofyourchildandcreatingalifetimeloveoflearningateveryageandstage.”（我们致力于您孩子的未来，在不同年龄段和阶段培养其对学习终身的热爱。）可知，本文受众群体应是孩子家长。故选A项。BParrotsarepreyanimals,whichmeansthatotherpredators(捕食者)inthewild,suchashawksorsnakes,arelookingtomakethemintoameal.Thisonefactorinfluencesparrots’behaviorinyourhousemorethananyother.Parrotsaremosteasilyhurtwhenfeedingontheground.Membershipinagroupplaysanimportantfunctioninensuringtheirsafetyandimprovingtheirchancesofsurvivalfromattacksbypredators.Themostcommonpredatorsofparrotsincludehawkssnakes,cats,monkeys,andbats.Somepredatorsmakeattacksonlyduringthedaywhileothershuntinthenight.Aspreyanimals,parrotsareconstantlywatchingoutfordangerandtheyinstinctively(本能地)reacttorisks.Theirfirstchoiceistotakeflight.However,ifthisisnotpossible,theywillfightwiththeirpowerfulbeakstodefendthemselves.Becausetheirbiggestenemyisthehawk,parrotsareespeciallyreactivetoquickmovementsfromaboveandbehind.Forthisreason,itiswisetoavoidquick,suddenmovementsnearyourbird.Thisisabuilt-inreactionnotsubjecttologicorreason.Simpleandrelativelyharmlesshouseholdobjectscandrawextremefearresponsesfromabird.Forexample,aballoonmayrepresentahawkoravacuumhose(吸尘器软管)maybethesameasasnakeinyourbird’smind.Aspreyanimals,parrotsareoftenfrightenedbyexposuretonewhouseholditemsorstrangers.Itisimportanttoexposeyourbirdtosafeexperiencesandchangesstartingataveryyoungagetobuildflexibilityandimprovetheiradaptability.Varietyindietandtoys,travel,andexposuretonewpeopleandplacesallhelptomakeyourbirdmoreflexibleandadaptabletochange.4.Whatisimportantforparrotstobettersurvivefromattacksinthewild?A.Livinginagroup. B.Growingbeautifulfeathers.C.Feedingontheground. D.Avoidingcomingoutatnight.5.Whatisparrots’firstresponsetoanimmediaterisk?A.Toattackback. B.Togetaway.C.Toprotecttheyoung. D.Toplaydead.6.Whywouldaballoonfrightenaparrot?AItmayexplodesuddenly. B.Itmaybeinastrangeshape.C.Itmayhaveastrongcolor. D.Itmaymovearoundquickly.7.Whatistheauthor’spurposeofwritingthetext?A.Toexplainwildparrots’behavior. B.Togiveadviceonraisingaparrot.C.Tocallforactiontoprotectanimals. D.Tointroduceastudyonbirdecology.【答案】4.A5.B6.D7.B【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了鹦鹉作为被捕食动物的行为特性和生存策略。【4题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段“Membershipinagroupplaysanimportantfunctioninensuringtheirsafetyandimprovingtheirchancesofsurvivalfromattacksbypredators.(群体中的成员在确保其安全和提高其从捕食者袭击中幸存下来的机会方面起着重要作用。)”可知，鹦鹉要想更好地在野外躲避攻击，重要的是要进行集体生活，故选A项。【5题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段“Aspreyanimals,parrotsareconstantlywatchingoutfordangerandtheyinstinctively(本能地)reacttorisks.Theirfirstchoiceistotakeflight.(作为猎物，鹦鹉会时刻警惕危险，并本能地对风险做出反应。他们的第一反应是飞走)”可知，鹦鹉对直接风险的第一反应是逃跑，故选B项。【6题详解】细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“Becausetheirbiggestenemyisthehawk,parrotsareespeciallyreactivetoquickmovementsfromaboveandbehind.(因为它们最大的敌人是鹰，鹦鹉对来自上方和后方的快速移动特别敏感。)”和下文“Thisisabuilt-inreactionnotsubjecttologicorreason.Simpleandrelativelyharmlesshouseholdobjectscandrawextremefearresponsesfromabird.Forexample,aballoonmayrepresentahawkoravacuumhose(吸尘器软管)maybethesameasasnakeinyourbird’smind.(这是一种不受逻辑或理性约束的内在反应。简单且相对无害的家居用品会引起鸟类的极度恐惧反应。例如，在你的鸟心目中，气球可能代表鹰，或者真空软管可能与蛇相同)”可知，气球能够吓到鹦鹉是因为气球可能移动速度快，让使鹦鹉联想到鹰，故选D项。【7题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段“Parrotsarepreyanimals,whichmeansthatotherpredators(捕食者)inthewild,suchashawksorsnakes,arelookingtomakethemintoameal.Thisonefactorinfluencesparrots’behaviorinyourhousemorethananyother.(鹦鹉是猎物，这意味着野生的其他捕食者，如鹰或蛇，正在寻找将它们作为食物。这一个因素比任何其他因素都更能影响鹦鹉在家里的行为)”、倒数第二段“Simpleandrelativelyharmlesshouseholdobjectscandrawextremefearresponsesfromabird.Forexample,aballoonmayrepresentahawkoravacuumhose(吸尘器软管)maybethesameasasnakeinyourbird’smind.(简单且相对无害的家居用品会引起鸟类的极度恐惧反应。例如，在你的鸟心目中，气球可能代表鹰，或者真空软管可能与蛇相同)”以及最后一段“Aspreyanimals,parrotsareoftenfrightenedbyexposuretonewhouseholditemsorstrangers.Itisimportanttoexposeyourbirdtosafeexperiencesandchangesstartingataveryyoungagetobuildflexibilityandimprovetheiradaptability.Varietyindietandtoys,travel,andexposuretonewpeopleandplacesallhelptomakeyourbirdmoreflexibleandadaptabletochange.(作为猎物，鹦鹉经常被新的家庭用品或陌生人吓到。从很小的时候就开始让你的鸟接触安全的体验和变化，以建立灵活性并提高它们的适应性，这一点很重要。饮食和玩具的多样性、旅行以及接触新的人和地方都有助于让你的鸟更灵活，更适应变化)”可知，本文的写作目的是对饲养鹦鹉提建议，故选B项。C“Beingasportsfanisaverypsychologicallyhealthyactivity,”saysDanielWarm,professoratMurrayStateUniversitywhoseresearchprogramcentersonthepsychologyofsportfandom(运动迷).Fandomconnectsustootherlike-mindedpeople,whichsatisfiesourhumanneedforbelonging,hesays.Theserelationshipsaresignificant:Peoplewhoidentifyassportsfanshavehigherlevelsofself-esteem,lowerlevelsoflonelinessandtendtobemoresatisfiedwiththeirlivescomparedtothosewhoaren’tinterestedinsports,Wannsays.Fanstendtohavemoreaccesstosocialsupport,helpandresourcesaswell.Researchsuggeststhatwhenpeoplehavesupportfromtheircommunities,theyhavebetterhealth.Beyondbonding,fansgettoenjoythepsychologicalbenefitsofwinning,eveniftheyhavenothingtodowiththeplayersorgames.Ofcourse,teamssometimeslose.Priortoasportingevent,there’satleasta50-50chancethatyou’regoingtobedisappointedinyouroutcome.So,whydopeoplecontinuetoputtheirfaithbehindteamsthattendtolose?Peoplewhofeelastrongpsychologicalconnectiontoateamaremorelikelytorootforateamwhenthey’rehavingalosingseason.“Sportsrandomhasnothingtodowiththeoutcomeofagame,”Warmsays.Forexample,ifapizzarestaurantcontinuallygotyourorderwrong,you’dlikelyswitchtoamorereliableparlor(店铺).Butbecausebeingafanissocentraltopeople’sidentities,peoplearewillingtoacceptdefeatandcontinuetobeloyaltoateam.Beingpartofafancommunitycanalsohelppeoplecopewithlosses.A2019studyfoundthatwatchingafootballgamewithotherfanshelpstorelievethenegativepsychologicaleffectsoflosing.Forfansofthelosingteam,sharingthepainmayhaveprotectedthemfromlosingself-esteem.“Thereareotherthingsthatrandombringswithitaboveandbeyondtheabilitytoenjoytheteam’ssuccesses,”Warmsays.Watchingsportscanbeawaytorelievestress,orspendtimewithfamily,hesays.Tothatend,somesurveyssuggestthatactivitieslikeMarchMadnesspoolscanreduceproductivity.Anysortoffandomcanbedistracting,butWarmsaysthattalkingaboutsportsatworkandspendingtimewithpeoplewhoshareacommoninterestcanmakepeoplemoreexcitedtogotowork.However,ifyoufindyou’reconsumingsomuchsportscontentthatyourworkissuffering,orit’simpactingyourinterpersonalrelationships,thenitcanbeasignyoushouldtoneitdown,headds.8.Whatisthecharacteristicsportsfansgenerallybear?A.Highersenseofself-worth. B.Worsehealthconditions.C.Beingreadytohelpothers. D.Variousmeansofsupport.9.Whydofanscontinuetosupportteamsthattendtolose?A.Fansareforcedtobeloyaltoteams.B.Fansaregoodatsharingpainswithteams.C.Fansarebraveenoughtoacceptlosses.D.Fansownagreatsenseofidentityandbelonging.10.Whichistheeffectoftalkingaboutsportsatwork?A.Leadingtodistraction.B.Makingpeopletooexcitedtogotowork.C.Increasingpeople’sproductivity.D.Impactinginterpersonalrelationships.11.Whatisthispassagemostlikelyfrom?A.Aposter. B.Atextbook.C.Asciencefiction. D.Amagazine.【答案】8.A9.D10.C11.D【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。爱好体育是非常有益于心理健康的，而与不爱好体育运动的人相比，体育迷的自尊心更高，对生活满意度更高。【详解】1.细节理解题。根据第二段“Peoplewhoidentifyassportsfanshavehigherlevelsofself-esteem,lowerlevelsoflonelinessandtendtobemoresatisfiedwiththeirlivescomparedtothosewhoaren’tinterestedinsports(与那些对体育不感兴趣的人相比，那些认为自己是体育迷的人有更高的自尊心，更低的孤独感，并且对自己的生活更加满意)”可知，体育爱好者的一般特点是：体育爱好者自尊心程度更高，孤独感更低，对生活现状更满意，即有更高的自我价值感。故选A。2.细节理解题。由第五段“So,whydopeoplecontinuetoputtheirfaithbehindteamsthattendtolose?Peoplewhofeelastrongpsychologicalconnectiontoateamaremorelikelytorootforateamwhenthey’rehavingalosingseason.(那么，为什么人们继续把他们的信念放在那些倾向于输球的球队身上呢？当球队输球的时候，那些与球队有强烈心理联系的人更有可能支持他们)”及第六段中“Butbecausebeingafanissocentraltopeople’sidentities,peoplearewillingtoacceptdefeatandcontinuetobeloyaltoateam.(但是，因为作为一个球迷是人们身份的核心，人们愿意接受失败，并继续忠于一支球队。)”可知，体育迷和球队之间存在心理联系，球迷是人们身份的核心，所以人们愿意接受失败，并继续忠于一个球队，即粉丝们拥有强烈的认同感和归属感。故选D。3.细节理解题。由文章倒数第二段“...butWannsaysthattalkingaboutsportsatworkandspendingtimewithpeoplewhoshareacommoninterestcanmakepeoplemoreexcitedtogotowork.(但是Warm说，在工作中谈论体育运动和花时间与有共同兴趣的人在一起会使人们更加兴奋地去工作。)”可知，在工作中谈论体育运动可以让人们更愿意去工作，提高工作效率。故选C。4.推理判断题。通读全文，尤其是第一段中““Beingasportsfanisaverypsychologicallyhealthyactivity,”saysDanielWarm,professoratMurrayStateUniversitywhoseresearchprogramcentersonthepsychologyofsportfandom(运动迷).(“成为一名体育迷是一项非常有益于心理健康的活动，”莫瑞州立大学教授丹尼尔·沃姆说，他的研究项目主要集中在体育迷的心理上。)”可知，本文主要一项研究表明，爱好体育是非常有益于心理健康的。由此可推知，文章选自“杂志”更合理，故选D。DPlayingamusicalinstrumentthroughoutyourlifeprotectsyourhearinginoldage,aCanadianstudysuggests.Thestudy,publishedinPsychologyandAging,carriedouthearingtestson74adultmusiciansand89non-musicians.Itfounda70-year-oldmusician’shearingwasasgoodasthatofa50-year-oldwhodidnotplay.Hearingnormallydeclinesaspeopleage.By60,10-30%ofpeoplehavemoderatehearingloss.By80,thatgoesuptoasmanyas60%.Problemsareparticularlyseeninthecentralauditory(听觉的)processingsystem,whichisassociatedwithunderstandingspeech,especiallywhenthereisbackgroundnoise.Previousstudieshaveshownmusicianshavebetterhearingthannon-players.Butthisresearch,byateamattheRotmanResearchInstituteinToronto,lookedatadultsofallages-from18to91-toseehowpeoplewereaffectedastheyaged.Theycarriedouthearingtestson74amateurandprofessionalmusicians(whohadplayedsincetheageof16,werestillpractisingandhadbeengivenformalmusiclessons)and89non-musicians(whohadneverplayedaninstrument).Musiciansweresignificantlybetteratpickingoutspeechagainstnoise.Theresearcherssuggestthatlifelongmusicianshipreducesage-relatedchangesinthebrain,probablyduetomusiciansusingtheirauditorysystemsatahighlevelonaregularbasis.TheheadofbiomedicalresearchatActiononHearingLoss,Dr.RalphHolme,said:“Whilethisstudysuggeststhatmusiciansmightbemoreabletocopewiththeconsequencesofhearingloss,itisfarbettertoreducedamageinthefirstplacebyusingappropriateearprotection.Wehavealwayscampaignedforeveryonewhoplaysamusicalinstrumentorlistenstoloudmusictowearhearingprotection,likeearplugs,whichreducetheriskofdamagingyourhearingpermanently.”12.WhatcanwelearnfromParagraph2?A.Apersonaged80willlose30%hearing.B.Apersonagedabove60musthavebadhearing.C.Peoplehavefewerproblemswithbackgroundnoise.D.People’shearingusuallybecomesworsewhentheygetolder.13.WhatcanwegetfromtheCanadianstudy?A.Ittestedthehearingof162people.B.Thefindingofthestudywasn’tpublishedpublicly.C.Playingamusicalinstrumentmaydogoodtohearing.D.Musicianswereasgoodatpickingoutspeechagainstnoiseasnon-musicians.14.Whydon’tmusicianschangemuchintheirbrainastheyage?A.Theyliketotakemoreexercise. B.Theyusetheirhearingmoreandregularly.C.Theydon’texposethemselvestobackgroundnoise. D.Theypaymoreattentiontoprotectingtheirhearing.15.HowcanwedealwithhearinglossaccordingtoDr.RalphHolme?A.Gethelpfrommusicians. B.Listentoloudmusicless.C.Protecthearingproperly. D.Playamusicalinstrumentmore.【答案】12.D13.C14.B15.C【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了一项新的研究表明，终生演奏一种乐器可以保护你晚年的听力，即便如此，科学家也建议我们要正确保护听力。【12题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段中“Hearingnormallydeclinesaspeopleage.(听力通常随着年龄的增长而下降。)”可知，人们的听力通常会随着年龄的增长而变得更糟。故选D。【13题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段中“Playingamusicalinstrumentthroughoutyourlifeprotectsyourhearinginoldage,aCanadianstudysuggests.(一项加拿大的研究表明，一直演奏一种乐器可以保护老年人的听力。)”可知，演奏一种乐器有利于保护听力。故选C。【14题详解】细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“Theresearcherssuggestthatlifelongmusicianshipreducesage-relatedchangesinthebrain,probablyduetomusiciansusingtheirauditorysystemsatahighlevelonaregularbasis.(研究人员认为，终身的音乐会减少大脑中与年龄有关的变化，这可能是由于音乐家经常使用他们的听觉系统，使其保持在一个较高的水平。)”可知，音乐家的大脑的某些部分没有随着年龄变老而改变，是因为他们经常使用他们的听力。故选B。【15题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段中“Whilethisstudysuggeststhatmusiciansmightbemoreabletocopewiththeconsequencesofhearingloss,itisfarbettertoreducedamageinthefirstplacebyusingappropriateearprotection.Wehavealwayscampaignedforeveryonewhoplaysamusicalinstrumentorlistenstoloudmusictowearhearingprotection,likeearplugs,whichreducetheriskofdamagingyourhearingpermanently.(虽然这项研究表明，音乐家可能更有能力应对听力损失的后果，但最好是首先通过使用适当的耳朵保护来减少损害。我们一直呼吁每个演奏乐器或听大声音乐的人都戴上听力保护装置，比如耳塞，这样可以减少永久性损害听力的风险。)”可知，RalphHolme博士认为，要正确地保护听力，这样能减少听力损失。故选C。第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。FamilyLinkhaslotsofadvantagesthatmaybefavoredbyparents.Insidetheapp,youcancreateGoogleaccountsforyourchildren,sharinginformationliketheirnamesandbirthdates.___16___,thedeviceimmediatelyrequiresyoutologinandinstalltheFamilyLinkappontothedevicesoitcanbemonitored.____17____Ontheparent’sphone,bytappingonthechild’saccountprofileyoucanfollowachild’slocation.Youcanalsoapproveorrejectappsthatachildistryingtodownload.Soifyou’reworriedaboutanaddictivegame,simplyblocktheapps.ParentscanalsouseFamilyLinktocreaterestrictionsforhowchildrenbrowsetheweb.Youcanturnonafilter(过滤器)thatblocksbadwebsites,thoughGoogleacknowledgesthefilterisimperfectandsomeunpleasantsitesmaygetpastit.___18___,youcanalsorequirethechildtogetpermissionforeachsitevisited,blockingtheonesyoudisapproveof.___19___,whichcanbeusedtosetlimitsforhowlongachildcanuseaphoneeachday.Forinstance,youcouldgivethechildthreehoursonweekdays.Youcanalsoscheduleregularbedtimehoursthatlockdownthedeviceatspecifictimes.CarolineKnorr,theparentingeditorofCommonSenseMedia,whichevaluatescontentandproductsforfamilies,applaudedthescreentimefeature,notingthedifficultyofgettingchildrentoputdowntheirphones.___20___“It’snotaset-it-and-forget-itthingwhereparentsthink,”shesaid.“We’reallstilllearningthistechnology,andlifeisveryunpredictable.”A.ForamorepickyapproachB.ItisgoingtosolveallmyproblemsC.ThenwhenyourchildlogsintoaphoneD.Fromthere,FamilyLinkisabreezetouseE.ParentswillprobablyloveafeaturecalledscreentimeF.ButstickingwithtimelimitsandscheduleswouldbecomplicatedG.Parentscanalsogetaweeklyreporttoseehowoftenachildisusingacertainapp【答案】16.C17.D18.A19.E20.F【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。给父母读者介绍了FamilyLink程序及其优点。【16题详解】上文“Insidetheapp,youcancreateGoogleaccountsforyourchildren,sharinginformationliketheirnamesandbirthdates.(在应用程序中，你可以为你的孩子创建谷歌账户，分享他们的姓名和出生日期等信息。)”指出父母可以为孩子创建账号。下文“thedeviceimmediatelyrequiresyoutologinandinstalltheFamilyLinkappontothedevicesoitcanbemonitored.(设备立即要求您登录并将家庭链接应用程序安装到设备上，以便对其进行监控。)”指出在某种情况下，APP设备会要求父母登录程序，对孩子进行监控。选项C“Thenwhenyourchildlogsintoaphone(然后当你的孩子登录到手机时)”正好指出一种需要父母登录监督的情况，即孩子在手机上登录APP，因此该时间状语从句承接上文，并能引出下文主句，符合语境。故选C项。【17题详解】下文“Ontheparent’sphone,bytappingonthechild’saccountprofileyoucanfollowachild’slocation.Youcanalsoapproveorrejectappsthatachildistryingtodownload.Soifyou’reworriedaboutanaddictivegame,simplyblocktheapps.(在家长的手机上，通过点击孩子的账户档案，您可以跟踪孩子的位置。您还可以批准或拒绝孩子尝试下载的应用程序。所以，如果你担心一个上瘾的游戏，只需屏蔽应用程序。)”指出通过文本提出的FamilyLink程序，家长能够很容易的监管到孩子对手机的使用。选项D“Fromthere,FamilyLinkisabreezetouse(从此，FamilyLink便可轻松使用)”正好能引出下文的具体说明从哪些方面来讲能够轻松使用，符合语境。故选D项。【18题详解】上文“Youcanturnonafilter(过滤器)thatblocksbadwebsites,thoughGoogleacknowledgesthefilterisimperfectandsomeunpleasantsitesmaygetpastit.(你可以打开一个阻止不良网站的过滤器，尽管谷歌承认这个过滤器是不完善的，一些不愉快的网站可能会通过它。)”指出父母监管是可以开启不良网站的过滤器。下文“youcanalsorequirethechildtogetpermissionforeachsitevisited,blockingtheonesyoudisapproveof.(你也可以要求孩子获得每个访问网站的权限，屏蔽你不赞成的网站。)”指出父母还可以要求获得孩子每个访问网站的权限，这是在上文基础上提出的另一个更进一步的措施。选项A“Foramorepickyapproach(对于更挑剔的方法)”正好表明这一句是延续上文提出更挑剔的方法，符合语境。故选A项。【19题详解】下文“whichcanbeusedtosetlimitsforhowlongachildcanuseaphoneeachday.(它可以用来设定孩子每天使用手机的时间限制。)”指出某种操作能够帮助限制孩子每天的屏幕时间。选项E“Parentswillprobablyloveafeaturecalledscreentime(父母可能会喜欢一个叫做屏幕时间的功能)”正好提出了屏幕时间这一功能，引出下文，符合语境。故选E项。【20题详解】上文“CarolineKnorr,theparentingeditorofCommonSenseMedia,whichevaluatescontentandproductsforfamilies,applaudedthescreentimefeature,notingthedifficultyofgettingchildrentoputdowntheirphones.(CommonSenseMedia的育儿编辑CarolineKnorr称赞了屏幕时间功能，并指出让孩子放下手机很困难。)”指出屏幕时间这一功能有价值所在。下文““It’snotaset-it-and-forget-itthingwhereparentsthink,”shesaid.“We’reallstilllearningthistechnology,andlifeisveryunpredictable.”(她说：“这并不是父母想的那样，我们都在学习这项技术，生活是不可预测的。”)”指出这一功能虽然有价值所在，但也不是我们所想的那样简单。选项F“Butstickingwithtimelimitsandscheduleswouldbecomplicated(但坚持时间限制和时间表会很复杂)”与上文形成转折关系，引出下文，符合语境。故选F项。第三部分英语知识运用(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。BillSumielwashavingatoughFriday.ItwasOctober2020,andthe71-year-old,whowasdealingwithkidney(肾)failure,foundhimselfatamedicalcenter30milesfromhome.Sumielwasnostrangertothe____21____ofkidneydisease.He’dsufferedfromdiabetes(糖尿病)morethan20yearsbefore,which____22____hiskidneyproblems.Hewasonthetransplant____23____,butnomatcheshadyetappeared.Sohecontinuedwithhistreatmentsandtookataxitoandfromhis____24____.TimothyLetts,31,wasdrivingnorthtovisitafriendwhenhisphonerangwiththe____25____forSumiel’sridehome.ThetripwasoutofLetts’sway.____26____,hetooktheorder.WhenSumielgotintothecar,thepairgotto____27____.Sumiel____28____thathewassearchingforakidneydonor.Lettsjokedthathe’dbeagooddonor(捐赠者),____29____thathedidn’tdrinkorsmoke.Sumiel____30____,thoughhedidn’tthinkmuchofitastheykeptdriving.Letts,however,couldn’tstopthinkingaboutit.Aboutaquarter-mileawayfromSumiel’shouse,Lettssaid,“I’dliketoseeifIcouldbea____31____togiveyouakidney.”SumielwastouchedbyLetts’s____32____,thoughhewonderedifithadjustbeena(n)____33____moment.ButLettswas____34____tohisword.HegotintouchwithSumieljustafewhourslater,andbythenextweek,Lettshad____35____thekidneytransplantprogram.Afteralongscreeningprocess,theresultswerein:Lettswasanidealdonor,andheandSumielwereaperfectmatch.21.A.origins B.struggles C.warnings D.symbols22.A.adaptedto B.arosefrom C.ledto D.tookover23.A.list B.category C.class D.group24.A.department B.company C.arrangement D.appointment25.A.application B.question C.request D.intention26.A.Still B.Therefore C.Otherwise D.Meanwhile27.A.debating B.remarking C.arguing D.chatting28.A.instructed B.revealed C.wondered D.announced29.A.supposed B.assumed C.given D.convinced30.A.agreed B.claimed C.doubted D.suggested31.A.sponsor B.match C.surgeon D.model32.A.demand B.advice C.offer D.mission33.A.magical B.joyful C.anxious D.emotional34.A.equal B.kind C.true D.sensitive35.A.contacted B.informed C.persuaded D.urged【答案】21.B22.C23.A24.D25.C26.A27.D28.B29.C30.A31.B32.C33.D34.C35.A【解析】【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了71的Sumiel因为肾衰竭需要肾移植，但是找不到合适的肾源。有一天Sumiel打了一辆出租车回家，他在车上和出租车司机Letts闲聊时告诉了司机他的困境。出租车司机说他可以去做配型。在配型后，Letts的肾适合移植给Sumiel，并且手术很成功。【21题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：苏米尔对与肾病作斗争并不陌生。A.origins起源；B.struggles斗争；C.warnings警告；D.symbols符号。根据前文“ItwasOctober2020,andthe71-year-old,whowasdealingwithkidney(肾)failure”可知，苏米尔有肾衰竭，所以应是与肾病作斗争并不陌生。故选B项。【22题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：20多年前，他就患有糖尿病，导致肾脏出了问题。A.adaptedto适应于；B.arosefrom产生于；C.ledto导致；D.tookover接管。根据前文“He’dsufferedfromdiabetes(糖尿病)morethan20yearsbefore”结合实际可知，应是糖尿病导致肾脏出了问题。故选C项。【23题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：他在移植名单上，但还没有匹配的人出现。A.list名单；B.category类别；C.class班级；D.group组。根据后文“butnomatcheshadyetappeared.”结合实际可知，没有匹配的人出现，所以应是在移植名单上。故选A项。【24题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：所以他继续他的治疗，并乘坐出租车往返于他的预约。A.department部门；B.company公司；C.arrangement安排；D.appointment预约。根据前文“Sohecontinuedwithhistreatments”结合实际可知，肾衰竭的患者需要定期做透析，所以应是“乘坐出租车往返于他和医院的预约”符合语境。故选D项。【25题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：31岁的蒂莫西·莱茨(TimothyLetts)开车北上看朋友时，他的电话响了，要求载Sumiel回家。A.application应用；B.question问题；C.request要求；D.intention打算。根据后文“hetooktheorder”可知，莱茨接受了这个订单，所以是要求载Sumiel回家。故选C项。【26题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：尽管如此，他还是接受了订单。A.Still尽管如此；B.Therefore因此；C.Otherwise否则；D.Meanwhile同时。根据前文“ThetripwasoutofLetts’sway”以及后文“hetooktheorder”可知，不顺路，但是还是接受了订单，前后是转折关系，用“Still尽管如此”符合语境。故选A项。【27题详解】考查动名词词义辨析。句意：当Sumiel上了车，两人开始聊天。A.debating讨论；B.remarking评论；C.arguing争论；D.chatting聊天。根据后文“Sumiel8thathewassearchingfora