2020-2021学年新教材高中英语单元素养检测Unit1Growingup含解析外研版选择性必修第

高考高考/高考单元素养检测(一)(Unit1)(时间:120分钟满分:150分)第一部分听力(共两节,满分30分)第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分,满分7.5分)听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后,你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。Text1M:①Excuseme,Jane.MayIhavemydictionaryback?W:Sorry,Jack.Maryisusingitnow.1.Whomdoesthedictionarybelongto?A.Mary.B.Jack.C.Jane.答案:BText2W:Thanksforallyou’vedoneforme.Hey,listen,②wouldyouliketogotoseeafilmsometime?M:Yeah,that’dbegreat.I’dloveto.2.Whatdoesthewomanwanttodo?A.Seeafilmwiththeman.B.Offerthemansomehelp.C.Listentosomerockmusic.答案:AText3M:③HaveyouheardthatNickHornby’sgoingtobeattheCityBookstore?W:NickHornby?Ilovehisbooks.What’shedoingthere?M:GivingatalkabouthisnewnovelHowtoBeGood.3.Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A.Abook.B.Abookstore.C.Awriter.答案:CText4M:Jenny,howdidyougetthejob?W:LastsummerItookatourofSydney.④IwenttolunchatthePalaceHotelandthought,“I’dreallyliketoworkhere.”SoIwrotetoseeiftheyhadanypositions,andIwasluckytheydid.4.Wheredoesthewomanworknow?A.Atatravelagency.B.Atapostoffice.C.Inahotel.答案:CText5W:⑤IsthebookinthisbagforMum?Ididn’tthinkshewasinterestedinflowers.M:Ithoughtshe’dlikeit—togivehersomegoodideasforthegarden.W:IthoughtyouweregoingtogetthoseglovesIshowedyouinthatshoplastSaturday.5.Whatpresenthasthemanbought?A.Abook.B.Someflowers.C.Apairofgloves.答案:A第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分,满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前,你将有时间阅读各个小题,每小题5秒钟;听完后,各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料,回答第6、7题。Text6M:So,howlonghaveyoubeeninthePeaceCorp?W:Foraboutayearnow.M:Doyouenjoyit?W:⑥MostofthetimeIenjoyitverymuch,buttheworkcanbeverydifficultsometimes.M:Whatdoyouthinkisthemostdifficultthing?W:Forme,it’sfindingawaytofitintoamunitythat’sverydifferentfrommyown.M:Andwhat’sthemostexcitingthing?W:⑦Well,Ithinkthemostexcitingthingislearningaboutanotherculture.6.WhatdoesthewomanthinkofherjobinthePeaceCorp?A.Boring.B.Enjoyable.C.Awasteoftime.答案:B7.WhatdoesthewomanthinkisthemostexcitingthinginthePeaceCorp?A.Learningaboutanotherculture.B.Fittingintoadifferentmunity.C.Meetingnewfriendsinanewculture.答案:A听第7段材料,回答第8、9题。Text7M:So,whendoyouusuallydohousework,shoppingandsomethinglikethat?W:Hmm,onMondaysIusuallycleanthehouseinthemorning.M:⑧Howabouttheshopping?W:⑧IusuallydothatonSaturdays.M:Youseemprettybusywithschool,workandhousework!Doyouhavetimeforanythingelse?W:Yeah.Sure.IswimandplaybasketballinthemorningonTuesdaysandThursdays,⑨andIusuallygoouttoseeamoviewithfriendsonFridaynights.M:AndhowaboutSundays?W:Isleepallday.8.WhatdoesthewomanusuallydoonSaturdays?A.Shegoesswimming.B.Sheplaysbasketball.C.Shegoesshopping.答案:C9.Whendoesthewomanusuallygotothecinemawithfriends?A.OnFridaynights.B.OnSaturdaynights.C.OnSundaynights.答案:A听第8段材料,回答第10～12题。Text8M:AreyoureadyforthetriptotheBigApple?Icanhardlywait.W:TheBigApple?We’renotheadingtotheBigApple.M:TheBigAppleisanothernameforNewYorkCity.YouaregoingtoNewYorkwithus,aren’tyou?W:Yes,that’strue.⑩I’mespeciallylookingforwardtoseeingtheMuseumofModernArt.There’saspecialshowof20thcenturyAmericanpaintingsthere.Buttellme,wheredoesthenametheBigAppleefrom?MQUOTE:⑪Thejazzmusiciansofthe1920sareresponsibleforthename.Theygavealotofconcertsinthosedays.Everytimetheygaveaconcertinacity,theycalledthatcityanapple.Ofcourse,NewYorkwasthebiggestcityinourcountry,andthebestplaceforajazzconcert.SothemusicianscalledittheBigApple.W:Amazing!QUOTE⑫NewYorkissuchafascinatingplace.10.Whatcanwelearnaboutthewoman?A.Sheisamusicfan.B.Sheisinterestedinmodernart.C.Sheknowsalotaboutjazzmusicians.答案:B11.WhomightberesponsibleforthenicknameofNewYorkCity?A.Americanpainters.B.NewYorkfarmers.C.Jazzmusicians.答案:C12.HowdoesthewomandescribeNewYork?A.Attractive.B.Crowded.C.Modern.答案:A听第9段材料,回答第13～16题。Text9M:Hi,Paula,whatacoincidencetomeetyouhere!W:Hi,Jeff.I’mjustgoingtothenewlyopenedsupermarket.M:QUOTE⑬Youmeantheonethreeblocksawayfromyourhouse?It’salongway.Whydon’tyouchoosetheonenearyourhouse?W:QUOTE⑭Oneofmyfriendstoldmebyphonethatgoodsinthatsupermarketaremuchcheaper.M:Ithinkit’sjustaformofpromotion.Allthesupermarketsarethesame:somegoodsarecheaper,butsomeareexpensive.W:Soundstrue.I’lltrycheckingtheprices.And,Jeff,QUOTE⑮Iheardyesterdayyouwenttovisitaracingclub.M:Yes.Iwentwithoneofmygoodfriendswhoareracingfans.W:Oh,great!Youknowmyboyfriendisalsoaracingfanandlikestodriveathighspeed.Sotellmesomethingaboutit!M:Er...QUOTE⑯thespecially-madeturnsareagoodchallengefordrivers.Duringmystaythereyesterday,Isawtwoaccidentsaroundthoseturns.W:Oh,thedriverscan’tbetoocarefulthere!M:Ofcourse.13.Whatisthedistancebetweenthewoman’shouseandthenewsupermarket?A.Oneblockaway.B.Twoblocksaway.C.Threeblocksaway.答案:C14.Whydoesthewomanwanttogotothenewsupermarket?A.Itsenvironmentisnicer.B.Itsgoodsarecheaper.C.Itsworkersarefriendlier.答案:B15.Wheredidthemangoyesterday?A.Aracingclub.B.Acarexhibition.C.Adrivingschool.答案:A16.Howdoesthemanfindthesespecially-madeturnsfordrivers?A.Challenging.B.mon.C.Strange.答案:A听第10段材料,回答第17～20题。Text10M:DoyouneedEnglishatwork?QUOTE⑰BusinessEnglishone-to-oneisparticularlycreatedforpeopleinthebusinessworld.Thisisagreatcourseformakingrapidprogressinalimitedperiod.QUOTE⑱Youcanchoosetostudy5,10,20,or30lessonsperweek.Sowhatwillyoudoonthefirstday?At8:30am,youwillcheckin.At9:00am,youwilltakeatestandreceiveaninterview.QUOTE⑲Youwillhaveawelelunchat11:00am.At12:00,youwilltakeaweletouroftheschool.Ifyoutakecourseswithfewerthan30lessonsperweek,youwillnothaveanyclassesonthefirstday.Ifyoutakecourseswith30lessonsperweek,youwillhavetwoclassesintheafternoononthefirstday.Coursetopicsincludelistening,speaking,pronunciation,reading,writing,vocabularyandgrammar.Eachlessonlasts45minutes,QUOTE⑳andclassdaysarefromMondaytoFriday.17.Whomarethecoursescreatedfor?A.AllEnglishbeginners.B.Peopleinthebusinessworld.C.PeoplewhowanttoteachEnglish.答案:B18.Howmanyclassescanoneattendperweekatmost?A.10.B.20.C.30.答案:C19.Whatwillthestudentsdoat11:00amonthefirstday?A.Havelunch.B.Receiveaninterview.C.Travelaroundtheschool.答案:A20.Whendothestudentsattendclasses?A.FromMondaytoFriday.B.FromMondaytoSaturday.C.FromMondaytoSunday.答案:A第二部分阅读(共两节,满分50分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分,满分37.5分)阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。ANewYorkFilmAcademy(NYFA)SummerCampsforTeensTheNewYorkFilmAcademyoffersvarioussummercampsforteensandcampsduringtheschoolyeardesignedforhighschoolstudentswhoareinterestedintheperformingarts.DOCUMENTARYCAMPOfferedatLAschool,theFour-weekDocumentaryCampisdesignedtoprovidehighschoolstudentswithahands-onintroductiontodocumentaryfilmmaking.Studentsareinvolvedinthecreativeandtechnicaldemandsofmakingadocumentarywhilegainingexperienceworkingwithindustry-standardequipmentonoriginalprojectsthatapplywhatstudentslearninthecamptooriginalvideocontent.SCREENWRITINGCAMPDesignedforthosecreativeindividualswhoprefertocreateexcitingandnewstoriesthroughtheirwords,NYFA’sThree-weekScreenwritingCampabsorbsfuturescreenwritersinscriptwriting,withnopreviousexperienceneeded.Ifyou’veeverwantedtoseewhetheryoucouldwriteyourownmovie,thenthisisthecampforyou.GAMEDESIGNCAMPFrompopularconsolegames(主机游戏)totheever-growingmobilegamemarket,videogamesareeverywhereyoulook.AtNYFA’sOne-weekandFour-weekGameDesignCamps,studentsworkwithourstaffofprofessionalgamedesignerstolearnthebaseofgamedesignandobtaintheskillstheyrequiretocreatetheirowngames.3DANIMATIONCAMPWhetheryou’reinterestedinlearninghowtocreateanoriginal3Danimatedshortfilmorsimulate(模仿)realisticvisualeffects,NYFA’sThree-weekandFour-week3DAnimationCamps,offeredatHarvardUniversityandourNYCandLAschool,providestudentswithprofessionalinstructionstogivethemastrongfootinginthefield.Studentscanchoose3DAnimationSummerCampsandspendtheirsummerbringingtheirimaginationtolife.InterestedinlearningmoreaboutNYFA’suniquePhotographySummerCamps?Clickhereforadditionalinformationabouttheapplicationprocess.【语篇概述】这是一篇应用文。短文介绍了纽约电影学院为对表演艺术感兴趣的高中生提供各种夏令营活动的相关信息。21.Tocreatestoriesforfilms,youcanchoose_______.

A.DocumentaryCampB.ScreenwritingCampC.GameDesignCampD.3DAnimationCamp【解析】选B。细节理解题。由SCREENWRITINGCAMP中的“Designedforthosecreativeindividualswhoprefertocreateexcitingandnewstoriesthroughtheirwords”可知,SCREENWRITINGCAMP是为那些喜欢用自己的语言创作激动人心的新故事的人专门设计的。所以要为电影创作故事,你可以选择SCREENWRITINGCAMP。22.Itcanbelearnedfromthepassagethat_______.

A.ScreenwritingCamprequiresexperiencedstudentsB.DocumentaryCampprovidesathree-weekprogramC.studentsinGameDesignCamplearntoplayvideogamesD.studentsin3DAnimationCampreceiveprofessionalinstructions【解析】选D。细节理解题。由3DANIMATIONCAMP中的“providestudentswithprofessionalinstructions”可知,3DANIMATIONCAMP向学生提供专业的指导。23.Thepassageiswrittento_______.

A.provideinformationB.makeparisonsC.givesomeadviceD.expressopinions【解析】选A。推理判断题。由NewYorkFilmAcademy(NYFA)SummerCampsforTeens中的“TheNewYorkFilmAcademyoffersvarioussummercampsforteensandcampsduringtheschoolyeardesignedforhighschoolstudentswhoareinterestedintheperformingarts.”以及最后一段“Clickhereforadditionalinformationabouttheapplicationprocess.”句意:纽约电影学院为青少年提供各种夏令营,并在学年期间为对表演艺术感兴趣的高中生提供各种夏令营活动。以及单击此处获取有关申请流程的其他信息。可以判断出这篇短文的目的就是要提供信息。

BCareersuccesscouldbepredictedasearlyaskindergarten,accordingtoa20-yearstudyrecentlypublishedintheAmericanjournalPublicHealth.ResearchersfromPennsylvaniaStateUniversityandDukeUniversitytrackedmorethan700childrenfromacrosstheUSbetweenkindergartenandaged25andfoundasignificantconnectionbetweentheirsocialskillsaskindergartenersandtheirsuccessasadultstwodecadeslater.Intheresearch,teachersassessedhowthekindergartenersinteractedwitheachothersociallyusingarangeofcriterialikewhethertheycooperatewiththeirpeerswithoutbeingencouraged,whetherthey’rehelpfultoothers,whetherthey’regoodatunderstandingfeelings,andwhethertheycansolveproblemsontheirown.Researchersthenkepttrackofwhetherthestudentsgoontograduatefromhighschoolontime,getacollegedegree,andfindandkeepafull-timejobby25.Theyalsomonitoredtheparticipants’involvementwithcrime,drugabuse,publicassistance,andmentalhealthissues.Theresultsshowedthatsociallycapablechildrenarefarmorelikelytoearnacollegedegreeandhaveafull-timejobby25thanthosewithlimitedsocialskills.Thosewithlimitedsocialskillsalsohaveahigherchanceofgettingarrested,bingedrinking,andapplyingforpublichousing.“Thisstudyshowsthathelpingchildrendevelopsocialandemotionalskillsisoneofthemostimportantthingswecandotopreparethemforahealthyfuture,”saidKristinSchubert,programdirectorattheRobertWoodJohnsonFoundation,whichfundedtheresearch,inarelease.“Fromanearlyage,theseskillscandeterminewhetherachildgoestocollegeorprison,andwhethertheyendupemployedoraddicted.”Thegoodnews,accordingtoDamonJones,leadauthorofthestudy,isthatintervention(干预)atayoungagecanhelpimprovesocialandemotionalskills.“Thisresearchbyitselfdoesn’tprovethathighersocialabilitycanleadtobetterouteslateron,”hesaid.“Butwhenbinedwithotherresearch,itisclearthathelpingchildrendeveloptheseskillsincreasestheirchancesofsuccessinschool,work,andlife.”【语篇概述】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一项持续20年的调查研究的结果,表明幼时社交能力与成年后成功的关联。24.Whatdidthe20-yearstudyfind?A.Socialskillsplayakeyroleinchildren’sdevelopment.B.Helpfulchildrenunderstandothers’feelingsbetter.C.Mostkindergartenerscansolveproblemsalone.D.Outgoingchildrencooperatewiththeirpeerseasily.【解析】选A。推理判断题。根据第二段内容可知,通过对700个孩子从幼儿园到事业成功20年的跟踪研究,研究者总结出社交能力对孩子发展的重要性。25.WhatareParagraph3andParagraph4mainlyabout?A.Whentheresearchersbegantheirstudy.B.Howtheresearchersconductedthestudy.C.Howlongittooktopletethestudy.D.Whatfactorswerestudiedbytheresearchers.【解析】选B。推理判断题。文章第三段说明幼儿园老师运用一定标准对孩子社交能力进行评估;第四段则说明研究者对学生的高中、大学及他们工作时期进行跟踪,监测他们是否存在犯罪、吸毒及精神方面的问题。即这两段重点说明调查的具体实施方法。26.WhatshouldparentsdotohelptheirchildrentosucceedaccordingtoKristinSchubert?A.Teachthemsomebasiclivingskills.B.Tellthemtokeepoffalcohol.C.Coachthemintheirlessons.D.Teachthemhowtocooperatewithothers.【解析】选D。细节理解题。根据文章倒数第三段“Thisstudyshowsthathelpingchildrendevelopsocialandemotionalskillsisoneofthemostimportantthingswecandotopreparethemforahealthyfuture,”saidKristinSchubert,programdirectorattheRobertWoodJohnsonFoundation,whichfundedtheresearch,inarelease.可知,KristinSchubert认为要从小帮助孩子培养社交和情感技能,这对使他们为健康的未来做好准备有重要的作用。27.Accordingtothepassage,itisprobablyintendedfor_______.

A.teenagersB.doctorsC.educatorsD.generalreaders【解析】选C。推理判断题。研究发现从小培养孩子社交和情感能力对他们将来的成功的重要性,这一研究结果对指导教育者如何教育学生意义重大。CChildrenarestartingondigitaldevicesateveryoungerages,andopinionsontheeffectsofchildren’sdigital-mediahabitsaredeeplypolarized(两极分化的).JeanTwenge,apsychologyprofessor,thinksexcessiveuseoftheInternetandsocialmediamakeschildrenlonelyanddepressedandposesseriousriskstotheirphysicalandparticularlytheirmentalhealth,sometimestothepointofdrivingthemtosuicide.However,DanielKardefelt-WintheroftheInnocentiresearchofficeofUnicefexaminedvariousevidenceandfoundlesscauseforalarmthanisoftensuggested.Mostofthestudiesbeexaminedseemtoshowthatthetechnologyhelpschildrenstayintouchwiththeirfriendsandmakenewones.Therelationshipbetweentheuseofdigitaltechnologyandchildren’smentalhealth,broadlyspeaking,appearstobeu-shaped.Researchershavefoundthatmoderateuseisbeneficial,whereaseithernouseatallorextremeusecouldbeharmful.Whatworriessomeexpertsmoreisthatscreensarebeingpartofthemiddle-classarmoury(武器库)forperpetuating(巩固)socialadvantage.Childrenfromwell-offhomesareenrolledinprivateclassestolearnskillslike“HowtobeaYouTuber”,whichpoorerparentscannotafford.【语篇概述】本文属于议论文,介绍儿童使用智能设备的年龄越来越小,但是对其影响有不同的观点。28.Whatisthesecondparagraphmainlyabout?A.Thedisadvantagesofoverusingdigitalmedia.B.Thebadeffectsofusingdigitalmedia.C.Severalbadimpactsofusingdigitalmedia.D.Theadvantagesofoverusingdigitalmedia.【解析】选A。段落大意题。本段主要讲述长期使用智能设备,会让孩子感到孤独和抑郁,会造成长期的身体或心理影响,甚至导致儿童自杀,故可知本段讲述智能设备对儿童造成的不利影响。29.WhatisDanielKardefelt-Winther’sattitudetotheuseofdigitalmedia?A.Objective.B.Favorable.C.Indifferent.D.Uncertain.【解析】选B。推理判断题。根据第三段However,DanielKardefelt-WintheroftheInnocentiresearchofficeofUnicefexaminedvariousevidenceandfoundlesscauseforalarmthanisoftensuggested.Mostofthestudiesbeexaminedseemtoshowthatthetechnologyhelpschildrenstayintouchwiththeirfriendsandmakenewones.可知,DanielKardefelt-Winther查看了不同的证据,发现造成的不利影响的原因更少,而他发现儿童使用科技来与朋友保持联系,以及结交新朋友,故可知此人对儿童使用电子设备的态度是支持的。30.Whatcanyouinferfromthelastparagraph?A.Notallchildrenfromrichhomescanattendprivateclasses.B.Notallchildrenfrompoorhomescanlearnskillslike“HowtobeaYouTuber”.C.Digitalmediaistheonlywayofstrengtheningthemiddle-class.D.Digitalmediacanwidenclassgap.【解析】选D。推理判断题。根据最后一段Whatworriessomeexpertsmoreisthatscreensarebeingpartofthemiddle-classarmouryforperpetuatingsocialadvantage.可知,让专家更担忧的是,电子设备似乎正在成为中产阶级巩固其地位的一种武器库,比如中产阶级能够支付私教课程,比如怎样成为YouTube的网红,故可知,电子设备可能会扩大阶级差距。31.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A.Shouldchildreninteractwithdigitalmedia?B.Shouldparentsallowtheirchildreninteractwithdigitalmedia?C.Whatchildrendotointeractwithdigitaldevices.D.Howchildreninteractwithdigitaldevices.【解析】选A。主旨大意题。本文介绍儿童使用智能设备的年龄越来越小,但是对其影响有不同的观点。有人认为智能设备会对孩子造成消极影响,但是有人认为智能设备会让孩子保持与朋友的联系甚至结交新朋友。D(2020·华中师大附中高二检测)Wetalkcontinuouslyabouthowtomakechildrenmore“resilient(有韧性的)”,butwhateverwe’redoing,it’snotworking.Ratesofanxietydisordersanddepressionarerisingrapidlyamongteenagers.Whatarewedoingwrong?NassimTalebinventedtheword“antifragile”andusedittodescribeasmallbutveryimportantclassofsystemsthatgainfromshocks,challenges,anddisorder.Theimmune(免疫的)systemisoneofthem:itrequiresexposuretocertainkindsofbacteriaandpotentialallergens(过敏原)inchildhoodinordertodeveloptoitsfullability.Children’ssocialandemotionalabilitiesareasantifragileastheirimmunesystems.Ifweoverprotectkidsandkeepthem“safe”fromunpleasantsocialsituationsandnegativeemotions,wedeprive(剥夺)themofthechallengesandopportunitiesforskill-buildingtheyneedtogrowstrong.Suchchildrenarelikelytosuffermorewhenexposedlatertootherunpleasantbutordinarylifeevents,suchasteasingandsocialrejection.It’snotthekids’fault.IntheUK,asintheUS,parentsbecamemuchmorefearfulinthe1980sand1990sascableTVandlatertheInternetexposedeveryone,moreandmore,tothoserareoccurrencesofcrimesandaccidentsthatnowoccurlessandless.Outdoorplayandindependentmobilitywentdown;screentimeandadult-monitoredactivitieswentup.Yetfreeplayinwhichkidsworkouttheirownrulesofengagement,takesmallrisks,andlearntomastersmalldangersturnsouttobevitalforthedevelopmentofadultsocialandevenphysicalpetence.Deprivingthemoffreeplaypreventstheirsocial-emotionalgrowth.NorwegianplayresearchersEllenSandseterwarned,“Wemayobserveanincreasedanxietyormentaldisordersinsocietyifchildrenareforbiddenfromparticipatinginageadequateriskyplay.”Theywrotethosewordsin2011.Overthefollowingfewyears,theirpredictioncametrue.Kidsbornafter1994aresufferingfrommuchhigherratesofanxietydisordersanddepressionthandidthepreviousgeneration.Whatcanwedotochangethesetrends?Wecan’tguaranteethatgivingprimaryschoolchildrenmoreindependencetodaywillbringdowntherateofteenagesuicidetomorrow.Thelinksbetweenchildhoodoverprotectionandteenagementalillnessaresuggestivebutnotclear-cut.Yettherearegoodreasonstosuspectthatbydeprivingournaturallyantifragilekidsofthewiderangeofexperiencetheyneedtobeestrong,wearesystematicallypreventingtheirgrowth.Weshouldletgo—andletthemgrow.【语篇概述】这是一篇议论文。文章主要讲了如果我们过度保护孩子,让他们远离不愉快的社会环境和负面情绪,我们就剥夺了他们成长所需的技能建设的挑战和机会。我们应该放手,让他们成长。32.WhydoestheauthormentiontheimmunesysteminParagraph2?A.Tostressitsimportance.B.Toanalyzethecauseofanxiety.C.Toquestionthelatestdiscovery.D.Tohelpunderstandanewword.【解析】选D。推理判断题。根据第二段NassimTalebinventedtheword“antifragile”andusedittodescribeasmallbutveryimportantclassofsystemsthatgainfromshocks,challenges,anddisorder.Theimmunesystemisoneofthem:itrequiresexposuretocertainkindsofbacteriaandpotentialallergensinchildhoodinordertodeveloptoitsfullability.纳西姆·塔勒布发明了“抗脆弱”这个词,并用它来描述一个很小但非常重要的系统,它从冲击、挑战和混乱中获益。免疫系统就是其中之一:它需要在儿童时期接触某些种类的细菌和潜在的过敏原,以充分发展其能力。由此推断出,作者在第二段中提到免疫系统是为了帮助理解一个新单词。故选D。33.Parentsoverprotectchildrenbecause_______.

A.theyareconcernedabouttheirchildren’ssafetyB.theywanttokeepchildrenfrombeingteasedC.parent-monitoredactivitiesareamustD.childrenarenotindependentenough【解析】选A。推理判断题。根据第三段Ifweoverprotectkidsandkeepthem“safe”fromunpleasantsocialsituationsandnegativeemotions,wedeprivethemofthechallengesandopportunitiesforskill-buildingtheyneedtogrowstrong.如果我们过度保护孩子,让他们远离不愉快的社会环境和负面情绪,我们就剥夺了他们成长所需的技能建设的挑战和机会。由此推断出,父母过分保护孩子是因为他们担心孩子的安全。故选A。34.Accordingtotheauthor,freeplaycan_______.

A.promotechildren’sresilienceB.strengthenchildren’sfriendshipC.reducechildren’sriskybehaviorD.developchildren’sleadershipskills【解析】选A。推理判断题。根据第五段Yetfreeplayinwhichkidsworkouttheirownrulesofengagement,takesmallrisks,andlearntomastersmalldangersturnsouttobevitalforthedevelopmentofadultsocialandevenphysicalpetence.Deprivingthemoffreeplaypreventstheirsocial-emotionalgrowth.然而,让孩子们制订自己的参与规则、承担小风险并学会掌控没那么危险的自由玩耍,对成人社交能力乃至身体的发展至关重要。剥夺他们自由玩耍的权利会阻碍他们社交和情感的发展。由此推断出,自由玩耍可以增强儿童的韧性。故选A。35.Whichofthefollowingdoestheauthorprobablyagreewith?A.Stoptryingtoperfectyourchild.B.Ittakesgreatcouragetoraisechildren.C.Preparethechildfortheroad,nottheroadforthechild.D.Themoreexposedthechildrenaretotherisks,themoreresilienttheywouldbee.【解析】选C。推理判断题。根据最后一段Yettherearegoodreasonstosuspectthatbydeprivingournaturallyantifragilekidsofthewiderangeofexperiencetheyneedtobeestrong,wearesystematicallypreventingtheirgrowth.Weshouldletgo—andletthemgrow.然而,我们有充分的理由怀疑,通过剥夺我们天生“抗脆弱”的孩子成长所需的广泛经验,我们正在系统性地阻止他们的成长。我们应该放手,让他们成长。由此推断出,作者可能会同意“让孩子为踏上人生道路做好准备,而不是为孩子准备好人生道路”这个观点,故选C。第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分,满分12.5分)阅读下面短文,从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Whenwritingthestoryofyourlife,don’tletsomeoneelseholdthepen.36Herearesomeideasforwritingalifestory:

Livehappilyinyourownway.Youarenotinthisworldtoliveuptotheexpectationsofothers,norshouldyoufeelthatothersareheretoliveuptoyours.Whatsuccessmeanstoeachofusistotallydifferent.Successtoothersmaymeanbeingagoodparent.Successisonlyaboutspendingyourlifehappilyinyourownway.37Therearethousandsofpossiblepathsupthemountainoflife,soitreallydoesn’tmatterwhichpathyoustartoffon.Theonlymistakeisbywastingtimerunningaroundatthebaseofthemountain,tellingeveryonethatyourlifepathiswrong.

Embrace(乐意采纳)newideas,lessons,andchallenges.Sometimesgrowingupmeansgrowingapartfromoldhabits,relationships,andsituations,andfindingsomethingnewthattrulymovesyou.38Youshouldlookveryclearlyintotheunknownandenjoyit.Becausewhenyoueincontactwiththingsthatyoudon’tknow,that’swhenyou’relearning,growing,andtrulyliving.

Livehonorablythroughkindness.Ifyoulivehonorably,nomatterhowoldyouget,you’llneverloseyourbeauty.39

Spendqualitytimewithpeopleyoulove.40Peopledon’tliveforever.Appreciatewhatyouhave,wholovesyouandwhocaresforyou.You’llneverknowhowmuchtheymeanuntilthedaywhentheyarenolongerbesideyou.Somedayyouwilleitherregretnotdoingso,oryouwillsay,“I’mgladIdid.”

A.Losttimeisneverfoundagain.B.Appreciatethelittlethingsinlifethatmeanalot.C.Changeyourpathwhenyoumust,butkeepmovingforward.D.Thereisnothingmorewonderfulthanseeinglifeasanadventure.E.Forothers,itmaymeantosimplybehappyoritcanbealloftheabove.F.Andremember,thereisnobetterthingthanreachingoutandholdingthehandofsomeoneinneed.G.Makewisechoiceseverydaybecausethewayyouliveeachdayisasentenceinthestoryofyourlife.【语篇概述】这是一篇说明文。文章向读者介绍了让生活更精彩,人生更有意义的几条建议。36.【解析】选G。由“Whenwritingthestoryofyourlife,don’tletsomeoneelseholdthepen._______Herearesomeideasforwritingalifestory”可知,写自己人生篇章的时候,不要把笔交给别人。以下是书写人生篇章的一些建议。所以设空处起到承上启下的作用。故G选项“每天都要做出明智的选择,因为你每天的生活方式就是你人生篇章中的一句话”符合题意。

37.【解析】选C。由“Therearethousandsofpossiblepathsupthemountainoflife,soitreallydoesn’tmatterwhichpathyoustartoffon.Theonlymistakeisbywastingtimerunningaroundatthebaseofthemountain,tellingeveryonethatyourlifepathiswrong.”句意:通往人生这座高山有很多路可以走,走哪条并不重要。唯一的错误是我们浪费时间在山脚下徘徊,告诉其他人你选择的路是一条错误的路。所以本段主要告诉读者当你必须改变自己所走的路时,你可以改变,但不能停留,要继续前行。38.【解析】选D。由“Sometimesgrowingupmeansgrowingapartfromoldhabits,relationships,andsituations,andfindingsomethingnewthattrulymovesyou._______Youshouldlookveryclearlyintotheunknownandenjoyit.”可知,有时候,成长意味着远离陈旧的习惯、人际关系和环境,去发现一些真正打动你的新东西。你应该非常清楚地看到未知的事物并去享受它。所以设空处与前后句在一同说明小标题的内容。故D选项“没有什么比把生活看成一场冒险更奇妙的了”符合句意。

39.【解析】选F。由“Ifyoulivehonorably,nomatterhowoldyouget,you’llneverloseyourbeauty”可知,如果你活得体面,无论你多大,你永远不会失去你的美。所以设空处要说明标题的中的“kindness”。故F选项“记住,没有什么比向有需要的人伸出援助之手并握住他的手更好的了”符合句意。40.【解析】选A。由小标题“Spendqualitytimewithpeopleyoulove”以及“Peopledon’tliveforever.”句意:与你爱的人共度美好时光。人们不会永远活着。可知设空处是说明要珍惜时间,与下一句一同来说明小标题的内容。故A选项“光阴一去不复返”符合句意。第三部分语言运用(共两节,满分30分)第一节(共15小题;每小题1分,满分15分)阅读下面短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。LastweekIwentshoppinginthesupermarket.Igottothefrontofthe41andputmygroceriesthroughthecheckout.Iwasabouttopay,whenI42thatIdidn’thavemybankcardwithme.I43.ThenIrememberedIleftitathomewhenI44somethingonline.AllIhadwas$30innotesandsomecoinsinmywallet.Iwasshort45atleast$25,andIneededtobuymostoftheitems.

Istartedto46tothecheckoutlady.“I’msorry.Istopthequeue.CanIputthesethingsback,andthenthinkI’ll47these.Oh,no,needthat.”

AnIrishladywas48behindme,nextinthequeue.“Excuseme,Dear,”shesaid.“Oh,I’msosorry,”Ireplied,“I’m49youup.”“Ofcoursenot.Iknow50youfeel.Thishappenstoallofusatsomepoint.Nowpleaseusemy51topaythebillandyoucanbeonyourway.”

Iwasastonishedbyherkindness,52even.NomatterhowIinsistedotherwise,shewas53tohelpme.Af