高二第六模块第三单元教案

；Unit3Ahealthylife单元教学目标技能目标SkillGoalsTalkabouthealthLearntheharmofsmokingandhowtostopsmokingLearntoadvisepeopleaboutwhattodoandwhatnottodoLearnaboutAIDSandhowtokeepsafefromHIVWritealettertogiveadviceonsomeproblems二．语言目标(1)词汇Wordsstress,manage,quit,weaken,kissExpressionsdueto,addictedto…,accustomedto,decideon,inspiteof,feellikedoing,takerisks,atrisk,getinto,standfor(2)语法Theuseofit(3)重点句子PatternsItmayhelpyoutostop.It’samazingthat…I’mstillfitenoughtocycle20kilometersinanafternoon.Bytheway,didyouknowtherearethreedifferentwaysyoucanbecomeaddicted?ButIdidfinallymanage.Iknewitwastimetoquitsmoking.二．分课时教案Thefirstperiod:wordsandexpressionsTeachingaims:Getthestudentstolearnnewwordsandexpressionsintheunit.Difficulties:enabletheSspronouncewordscorrectlyandmasterthebasicusageofkeywords.Step1:Playthetapeforthestudents.Getthemtoreadafterthetape.Step2:Explanation..1.Abusen.滥用,恶习

v.滥用,辱骂,虐待词形变化:名词:abuse弊病，滥用abusive骂人的，滥用的同义词：mistreat,maltreat,ill-use,step,ill-treat例句与用法:Sheattackedhimwithastream/torrentofabuse.她用连珠炮似的谩骂来攻击他。Theboy'sbreakingofwindowglassescausedahailofabuse.这个男孩打碎了窗户玻璃，招致了一阵恶骂。Thegovernmenthassetupaworkingpartytolookintotheproblemofdrug/alcoholabuse.政府已成立工作组调查滥用毒品/酗酒问题.It'seasytoabuseone'spower.人容易滥用权力。abuseone'strust/confidence背信弃义2.stressn.紧张,压力n.负载v.强调,着重vt.强调同义词：emphasis，focus，emphasize例句与用法:Highwindsput/laygreatstressonthestructure.大风作用於该建筑物上而产生巨大的应力。Helaidparticularstressontheneedofdiscipline.他特别强调了纪律的重要性。ImuststressthatwhatIsayisconfidential.我要强调我说的话是保密的。Ican'tbearthestressesandstrainsofmodernlife.我不能忍受现代生活的压力和紧张。4.Weledahardlifeintimesofstress.在困难时期我们过着艰苦的生活。5.Helivesunderthestressofpoverty/fear/excitement.他生活窘迫。3.bann.禁令v.禁止vt.禁止,取缔词形变化:动词过去式:banned过去分词:banned现在分词:banning名词复数:bani同义词：banning,forbiddance,forbidding例句与用法:Abanontheimportationofdrugshadbeenissuedrecently.最近已经发布了禁止进口毒品的法令。Thereisabanonsmokinginthetheatre.这剧院内禁止吸烟。Thepeopleaskforaban-the-bomb.政府已经禁止使用化学武器人门要求禁止使用核武器。Thegovernmenthasbannedtheuseofchemicalweapons.5.Hewasbannedfromattendingthemeeting.他被禁止出席该会议。bansbfromdoingsth.4.tougha.强硬的,艰苦的,棘手的,严厉的词形变化:名词:toughness副词:toughly形容词比较级:tougher最高级:toughest同义词：rugged,hard例句与用法:1.Thecompanyfacestoughcompetition.这家公司面临着艰难的竞争。2.Wewonthecontractbutonlythroughalotoftoughnegotiating.我们赢得了合同，但是却经过了多次不屈不挠的谈判才达到目的。5.withdrawaln.撤退,退回,取消同义词：backdown,climb-down例句与用法:Thepresidenthuggedhimselfwithpleasureoverthequickwithdrawalfromthegulfwar.总统为自己能从海湾战争中见好就收感到暗自庆幸。2.Heorderedustocovertheothercomrades'withdrawal.他下令让我们掩护其他同志撤退。3.Thecommitteedecidedtomakeawithdrawaloffinancialsupportforhisscheme.委员会决定取消对他那项计划的资助。4.Hehasmadeseveralwithdrawalsfromhisaccountrecently。最近他已经好几次从银行提取现款。6.automaticn.自动的机器a.自动的,无意识的词形变化:名词:automaticity副词:automatically同义词：automatonlike,machinelike,robotlike,reflex,reflexive1.Theheatingsystemhasanautomatictemperaturecontrol.这个暖气系统有自动化的温度调节系统。2.Wegetanautomaticincreaseinpayeveryyear.我们的薪金每年会自动增长。4.Breathingisautomatic.呼吸是无意识的。7.mentala.精神的,脑力的词形变化:副词:mentally例句与用法:1.Hewascertifiedandsenttoamentalhospital/home/institution.他经诊断为精神失常而送往精神病院.2.Physicaldisabilitycausesmentalanguish.生理伤残会引起心理苦闷.3.Hisproblemismental,notphysical.他的问题是心理的而不是身体的。4.Weshouldpaymoreattentiontoourmentalhealth.我们应该更注重心理健康。5.Hewillgomentalifhefindsout.如果他发现会发疯的。8.effectn.结果,影响,效果v.招致,引起,完成词形变化:形容词:effective动词affect同义词：consequence,outcome,result例句与用法:Someancientlawsarestillineffect.有些古时的法律现在仍然有效。2.Theroomshowsoffherpaintingstogoodeffect.这个房间把她绘画的优点充分显示出来。3.Theaspirinssoontookeffect.服下的阿司匹林药片很快见效了。4.Theadvertisingcampaigndidn'thavemucheffectonsales.这些广告攻势对销售额并没有起到多大作用。9.abnormala.反常的,不正常的,不规则的,畸形的词形变化:副词:abnormally近义词unusual例句与用法:Atonetime,sheisfine,butatanother,sheisabnormal.有时候，她表现得很好，有时候又失常。Heismentallyabnormal.他精神不正常。It'sabnormalfortheboytoeatsomuch.这个孩子吃这么多是不正常的。Theweatherisabnormalthisyear.今年的气候不正常。10.breathlessa.喘不过气来的词形变化:名词:breathlessness副词:breathlessly同义词：breathtaking例句与用法:Imethiminahotandbreathlessafternoon.我是在一个又闷又热的下午遇到他的。IwascompletelybreathlesswhenIgottothetopofthemountain.当我到达山顶上时，我已经上气不接下气了。11.unfita.不合适的,不健康的v.不适合，词形变化:动词过去式:unfitted过去分词:unfitted现在分词:unfitting第三人称单数:unfits名词:unfitness副词:unfitly同义词：bad,unsound例句与用法:You'reveryunfit;yououghttotakeuprunning.你身体很弱,应该练练跑步.Acyclingholidaywouldbetoomuchforanunfitpersonlikeme.像我这种身体，骑自行车度假力不从心。3.Thishouseisunfitforhumanhabitation.这所房子不适合人居住。4.Shewasunfitforsuchaseniorposition.她不能胜任这样的高级职位。5.Thewaterisunfitfordrinking/todrink.这水不宜饮用。6.Thearmyrejectedhimasmedicallyunfit.由于体检不合格，部队未接收他。7.Abadattackoflumbagounfittedhimforworkinthegarden.风湿痛的发作使他无法做园子的工作。12strengthenvt.vi加强,变坚固词形变化:名词:strength同义词：beefup,fortify例句与用法:Hehasbeenbroughtintostrengthenthedefence.已请他来加强后卫力量.Thecurrentstrengthenedaswemoveddowntheriver.我们顺流而下时,水流更急了.Thesoldiersstrengthenedtheirdefenses.士兵们加强了他们的防御工事。Thewindstrengthenedduringthenight.风在夜间刮得更猛了.13.desperatea.不顾一切的,绝望的词形变化:名词:desperateness副词:desperately同义词：despairing,hopeless,indespair例句与用法:Ifforeignaiddriesupthesituationwillbedesperate.倘若外援枯竭，形势将极为严重。He'sdesperateforaglassofwater.他极想喝一杯水。Hewasriflingthroughherdeskinadesperatesearchfortheletter.他拼命在她的书桌里搜寻那封信。5.Thedesperatelookofhunger;adesperatecryforhelp.饥饿者脸上绝望的样子/绝望的呼救声14.disappointeda.失望的词形变化:副词:disappointedlyvt.disappoint同义词：defeated,frustrated,例句与用法:1.Iwasmoredisappointedthandiscouraged.我是失望，而不是泄气。2.I'mverydisappointedinyou.你真让我失望。3.IamdisappointedthatIdidn'tgetaninvitation.我很失望没受到邀请。4.Wearedisappointedtosee/find/hearthemuseumclosed.发现博物馆关门了，我们很失望5.IfyouwereexpectingourlifeinthecountrytobetheNewJerusalem,you'regoingtobeverydisappointedwith/at/aboutit.如果你期望我们在乡下的生活会像天堂那样美丽，那你是会非常失望的。动词disappoint:Theresultdisappointedhim.同义词：disappoint,letdown15.illegala.不合法的,非法的。词形变化:副词:illegally反义词legal,lawful例句与用法:1.It'sillegaltocarrygunsinourcountry.在我们国家，携带枪支是违法的。2.It'sillegaltoreadpeople'sprivateletterswithoutpermission.未经允许看别人的私人信件是不合法的。3.It'sillegaltokillapanda.杀害熊猫是犯法的。4.Headmittedthathewasanillegalimmigrant.他承认他是非法移民。16.judgement/judgmentn.判断v.judge裁判n.judgmentala.挑剔的，挨批评人的例句与用法:1.Thedisasterwasseenasajudgementfromonhigh.这一灾难被视为上天的惩罚.2.At20yearsofagethewillreigns;at30thewit;at40thejudgement.20岁我们按意愿做事；30岁我们凭智慧做事；40岁我们靠判断做事。3.WearewaitingforGod'sdreadfuljudgement.我们在等待上帝令人生畏的审判。4.Inmyjudgement,weshouldaccepttheirapology.依我看，我们应该接受他们的道歉。5.Hepassedjudgementontheguiltyman.他对那个罪犯做出了裁决。Passjudgement做出评论judgingby/from依据...来判断sitinjudgmentoversb.批评某人（尤指不公正地批评）17.embarrasseda.尴尬的,局促不安的vtembarrass使尴尬a.embarrassingn.embarrassment同义词：abashed,chagrined,discomfited例句与用法:1.Shewasembarrassedwhentheyaskedherage.他们问她的年龄时，她窘得很。2.Hewasembarrassedbymanydebts.他被很多债务弄得焦灼不安。.3.Itwasanembarrassingsituation,butMrSmithcarrieditoffwell.这是一个尴尬的处境，但是史密斯先生成功地应付过去了。4.Shefeltembarrassedaboutchangingclothesinfrontofothers.18.awkwarda.笨拙的,尴尬的，固执的，不方便的，难相处的词形变化:名词:awkwardness副词:awkwardly同义词：embarrassing,sticky,unenviableuneasy例句与用法:Theheavyaxwasawkwardtouse.这把重斧头不好用。Shecouldmakethingsawkwardifshewantedto.如果她想那样做，会使事情很难办。AttheformalpartyIfeltveryawkwardandoutofplace.在正式的舞会上，我感到局促不安，很不自在。4.Iwishyou'dstopbeingsoawkwardabouteverything.我希望你不要再处处与人为难。Step3:HomeworkPre-viewtheReading:Advicefromgrandad,getamainideaofthispassageandmasterthenewwords.Notesafterclass:Thesecondperiod:ReadingWarmingupandreadingTeachingaims:enableSstogetsomeinformationabouthealthylife.Teachingdifficulties:TraintheSs'readingability.Step1.WarmingupThisstepistoleadthestudentstothetopicofthisunit――Ahealthylife（1）Questions:1.Whathealthissuesdoyouthinkconcernyoungpeoplethemost?(Afterabout3minutes)Asamplelist:CigarettesmokingDrinkingalcoholDrugtakingDietPhysicalfitnessSexualhealthStressAIDSandinfectionsCancerAnxietyandsoon2.What’sahealthylife?(Afterdiscussion)Possibleanswers:Tobesurehealthy,apersonmustbewellinmind,bodyandspirit.(2)ShowsomepicturesonthecomputerLookatthefollowingpictures.Whataretheydoing?Whicharehealthyactivitieswhilewhichareunhealthyactivities?(Askthestudentstodescribethepicturesusingtheirownwords)Step2Pre-reading（1）Questions:1.Haveyoueversmoked?Ifyouhave,haveyouevertriedtostop?2.Whydoyouthinksomeadolescentsstartsmoking?Possibleanswer:Someadolescentsstartsmokingbecausetheyarefalselyinfluencedbysomemedia.Somethinkit’scool.Maybesomewanttolightensomestress.3.Inwhatwaysissmokingharmful?Mentallyandhealthily.4.Whatadvicewouldyougivetosomeonewhenwantedtostopsmoking?Possibleanswer:Letthemgetinterestedinsomepositivehobbieslikesports,playingmusic,reading,playingchessandsoon.Wherecouldyougetgoodadviceonstoppingsmoking?(Variousanswers)Step3:askthestudentstoreadthepassageforfiveminutesthenanswerthefollowingquestions:What’sthemainideaofthepassage?Who?Towhom?Purpose?(James’grandfatherwrotetohimtogivehimsomeadviceandencouragehimtoquitsmoking.)Step4:Listentothetape.Scantogetdetailedinformation.Informationfromthereadingpassage.Differentwayspeoplecanbecomeaddictedtocigarettes 1.physicallyaddictedtonicotine2.addictedthroughhabits3.mentallyaddictedHarmfulphysicaleffectsforsmokers1.doterribledamagetoheartandlungs2.havedifficultyinbecomingpregnant3.beunfit4.smellterribleEffectsthataperson’ssmokingcanhaveonotherpeople1.otherpeopledislikethesmell2.thecigarettesmokecandoharmtonon-smokersEffectsthatsmokingcanhaveonsportingperformancebeunabletoenjoysportsStep5:Readthepassageonpage19quicklyandthenfillintheblanks.Howcanyoustopsmoking?Thispartisaboutsome(advice)fromthe(Internet.)WhatarethesuggestionstoquitsmokingthatJames’grandpafoundontheInternet?1.Prepareyourself.2.Bedetermined.3.Breakthehabit.4.Relax.5.Gethelpifyouneedit.6.Keeptrying.Step6:discussion1.WhatkindofpersondoyouthinkJames’grandfatheris?Possibleanswer:Heisfitandhealthyandleadsanactivelife.Hetakesaninterestinhisdaughter’sandgrandson’swell-being.Heisknowledgeable.Hereadstheinternet.Heappearstolovehisgrandson.2.DoyouthinktheinformationandadviceontheinternetpagethatJames’grandfathersentisusefulforsomeonewhoistryingtogiveupsmoking?Possibleanswer:It’sagoodsummarybutapersonwantingtogiveupshouldprobablylookformoreinformationthanwhatispresentedhere.Step7:Makeasummaryonhowtostopsmoking.Step8:Homework

1.Makesentenceswiththefollowingwordsandphrases:duetobeaddictedtobeaccustomedtoautomaticallymentallymanagepregnantquitdecideoneventuallySearchontheInternetorothersourcesforinformationabouthowtostopsmoking.Notesafterclass:Thethirdperiod：LearningaboutlanguageWordsandexpressionsTeachingaims:helptheSsmasterthedifficultsentencesandwords.Teachingdifficulties:dueto,beaddictedto,beaccustomedto,decideon,everytime+从句......Stepone:Explanation1.adolescent.青少年e.g.adolescentsbetween13and18andtheproblemstheyface13至18岁的青少年以及他们面临的问题2.dueto归因于，归功于。e.g.1.Theaccidentisduetoyourcarelessdriving.那意外事故归因于你驾驶不小心。2.Herworldwidefameisduetohissupport.她名扬四海应归功于他的支持。表示因果关系的词和短语because从属连词，接从句，表示所叙述的理由是本句的重点as\since从属连词，接从句，表示理由是已知的，而理由以外才是叙述的重点for并列连词，不用于句首，至于第一分句之后，补充说明理由；第一分句表示推测时，用for说明推测的依据。becauseof介词，意思是“因为”，较口语化owingto介词，意思是“因为”，较正式thanksto介词，意思是“多亏了”asaresultof介词，意思是“因为”3.addicted形容词，“对某某上瘾”,“沉湎于某某”e.g.Mychildrenhavebecomehopelesslyaddictedtotelevision.我的几个孩子都成了电视迷，简直不可救药了。addict名词，沉湎与不良嗜好的人，由指吸毒者。addiction名词，沉湎、成瘾addictive形容词，使人上瘾的4.accustom动词，使人习惯于、养成习惯e.g.Shefounditnecessarytoaccustomherchildtogettingupearly.她觉得有必要让孩子养成早起的好习惯。常用句式（1）accustom+名词/oneself+to+名词e.g.Childrenarequicktoaccustomthemselvestonewsurroundings.孩子们很快就会适应新环境。（2）beaccustomedto+名词(同义短语：beusedto)e.g.Iamaccustomedtowalkinglongdistances.我习惯与长距离步行。（3）get/becomeaccustomedto+名词e.g.Youwillsoongetaccustomedtothejob.你将会习惯于这个工作。注意:在英语中,to有时为动词不定式符号,后跟动词原形;有时用作介词,后跟名词、代词、或动名词。下面的这些短语中的to均为介词。stickto坚持leadto导致,通向payavisitto参观sentencesb.to宣判某人cometo谈到,涉及seeto处理，负责beupto总计devote…to致力于getdownto开始/着手5.quit动词，过去式和过去分词均为quit，现在分词为quitting，接动词-ing形式，“停止做”e.g.Shequitsmokingwhenshegotpregnant.她一怀孕就戒了烟。6.inspiteof尽管、无视。后接名词。e.g.Shecan’tseeverywellinspiteofherglasses.尽管戴着眼镜她还是不能看得很清楚。Theboywentoutinspiteofhisfather’sorders.那男孩无视父亲的命令，径直出去了。7.结构：as+adj.+a/an+n.+asIwishIhadaslovelyagirlasyou.Helivesassimplealifeashisfather.7.feellike想要，只表示一次的想法，后接动词-ing形式e.g.It’ssohottoday.Ifeellikegoingswimming.今天好热啊。我想去游泳。8.getinto陷于，染上什么习惯getintothehabitof养成什么习惯。相当于fallintothehabitof或者formthehabitofe.g.Thegirlhasgotintothehabitofplayingwithherhairwhilereading.那个女孩养成了阅读时玩弄头发的习惯。短语联想•getintotrouble惹上麻烦•getintodebt负债累累•getintoatemper大发脾气•getintodeepwater陷于困境•getintoone’shead有某种看法•getintothewayof习惯于、学会9.decideon对…作出决定，决心I'vedecidedongoingtoAmericaformyholiday.10.句型：everytime+从句e.g.Every/EachtimeIcallonhim,heisbusywithwork.Learnsomerelaxingexercisesanddothemeverytimeyoufeelstressed.类似的有：thefirst/lasttime,themoment,theminute等。11.be/feelashamedofe.g.youshouldbeashamedofyourdishonesty/yourbeinglateagain.Steptwo:Nowdothequizandcheckyourself.duetobeaddictedtobeaccustomedtoautomaticashamedremindthemomentmanagequitdecideoneventually1.Afterseveralhoursthey(manage)toputoutthefireandsavethetown.2.Thenewmonitorapparatus(监护仪)is(automatically)controlled;wedon’tneedtooperateit.3.Passengers(arereminded)thatnosmokingisallowedonthistrain.4.Slowlyshe(wasaccustomedto)asimplelifeinthecountryside.5.Althoughwehadn’tmetfortwentyyearsIrecognizedhim(themoment )sawhim.6.Disneylandisasinterestingaparkaswehaveeverseen.Everyoneofus(isaddictedto) charactersinit.7.Theteam’ssuccesswaslargely(dueto)herefforts.8.Wehaveonlyjuststarted.Wedon’tfeellike(quitting)now.9.We’ve(decidedon)Parisforournextholiday.10.Shehopestogetajobonthelocalnewspaperand(eventually)workfortheTimes.11.Didn’tyoufeel(ashamed)ofhavingliedtomymother?Stepfour:Homework

1.Masterandgoovertheuseofthewordsandphrasesabove.2.Pre-viewtheuseofitonpage21.Notesafterclass:Thefourthperiod：Learningaboutlanguage-grammarTeachingaims:Theuseof"it"Teachingdifficulties:Howtouse"it"correctly.It用法小结虽不是高考的热点，但这两年全国各省市试题经常出现。我们不能疏忽。下面是用法20条。并通过高考试题进行巩固：

1.Itis+被强调部分+that

该句型是强调句型，将被强调的放在前面，其他部分置于之后，强调的主语如果是人，可以用来替换，如果把这种句型结构划掉后，应该是一个完整无缺的句子，这也是判断强调句型与其他从句的方法。

Itwastheythat(who)cleanedtheclassroomyesterday.ItwasinthestreetthatImetherfather.

Itwaswithgreatjoy___hereceivedthenewsthathislostdaughterhadbeenfound.(2004福建)

A.becauseB.whichC.sinceD.that(D)

2.Itisnotuntil+被强调的部分+that

该句型译成汉语“直到……才”，可以说是的强调形式。ItwasnotuntilshetookoffherdarkglassesthatIrealizedshewasafilmstar.=NotuntilshetookoffherdarkglassesdidIrealizeshewasafilmstar.=Ididn’trealizeshewasafamousfilmstaruntilshetookoffherdarkglasses.

Itwas___backhomeaftertheexperiment.(2004湖北)

A.notuntilmidnightdidhego

B.untilmidnightthathedidn’tgo

C.notuntilmidnightthathewent

D.untilmidnightwhenhedidn’tgo(C)

3.Itisclear(obvious,true,possible,certain)that….

该句型中it是形式主语，真正的主语是that引导的主语从句，常译为“清楚（显然、真的、肯定）”是主语从句最常见的结构。

Itisveryclearthathe’sroundandtalllikeatree.

=Thathe’sroundandtalllikeatreeisveryclear.

4.Itisimportant(necessary,right,strange,natural…)that…

该句型和上一句同属一个句型。由于主句中的形容词不同，that后的从句中要用虚拟语气（should+动词原形）should可以省去。建议记住该句型中的形容词。

Itisimportantthatwe(should)learnEnglishwell.

Itisnecessarythathe(should)rememberthesewords.

5.Itissaid(reported,learned…)that…

该句型中的it仍是形式主语，真正的主语是that引导的主语从句。该结构常译为“据说（据报道，据悉……）

ItissaidthathehascometoBeijing.

Itisreportedthatanotherearthsatellitehasbeenputintoorbit.

6.Itissuggested(ordered…)that…

该句型和上一句属一个句型。主句中的过去分词是表示请求、建议、命令等词时，that后的从句要用虚拟语气（should+动词原形）。可以省略，常译为“据建议；有命令……”

Itissuggestedthatthemeeting(should)beputoff.

Itwasorderedthatwe(should)arrivethereintwohours.

7.Itisapity(ashame…)that…

在该句型中，that后的从句一般用虚拟语气（should+动词原形），should可以省去，表示出乎意料，常译为“竟然”。没有这种意义时，则不用虚拟语气。

Itisapitythatsuchathing(should)happeninyourclass.

这种事竟然发生在你们班上，真是遗憾。

Itisapitythatheisill.

他生病了，真遗憾！

8.Itistime(abouttime,hightime)that…

该句型中that后的从句应该用虚拟语气，值得注意的是：常用过去时态表示虚拟，有时也用should+动词原形，should不能省。常译为“是（正是）……的时候……”

Itistimethatchildrenshouldgotobed.

=Itistimethatchildrenwenttobed.

9.Itisthefirst(second,…)timethat…

该句型应和上一个句型区别开来。该句型中不用虚拟语气，而用完成时态。至于用哪种完成时态，由主句的谓语动词的时态来决定。如果是一般现在时，从句用现在完成时态；如果是一般过去时，从句则用过去完成时态。该结构中that可以省去；it有时用this替换，常译为“是第一（二,…）次…”。10.Itis…since…

该句型主要用作处理瞬间动词的完成时，要和表示一段时间的时间状语连用。主句中是时间作表语，其时态是现在时和完成时，引导的从句通常是一般过去时态，而且是瞬间动词。如果主句是一般过去时，从句则用过去完成时。

Itis(hasbeen)5yearssincehisfatherdied.

Itisalmostfiveyears___wesaweachotherlasttime.(2005北京)

A.beforeB.sinceC.afterD.when(B)

11.Itis…when…

该句型中的when引导的是一个时间状语从句，主句中的it指时间，表语由具体的时间充当。常译为“当……的时候，是……”

Itwas5o’clockwhenhecamehere.

12.Itbe…before…

该句型主句中的it指时间，主句中的时态常是一般将来时或过去时两种时态，主句中的表语多是long,notlong,3days,2weeks等表示时间段的词和短语。常译为“…之后才”，“没过……就……”

Itwas3daysbeforehewenttoBeijing.

Itwillnotbelongbeforehefinisheshisjob.

13.Ithappens(seems,looks,appears)that…

该句型中的it是形式主语，that引导的是主语从句，主句中的happen,seem等词是不及物动词。

Ithappened(sohappened)thathemethisteacherinthestreet.(碰巧……)

Itseemsthathewillbebackinafewdays.(看来……)

TheForeignMinistersaid,“___ourhopethatthetwosideswillworktowardspeace.”(2004北京)

A.ThisisB.ThereisC.ThatisD.Itis(D)

14.Ittakessb…todosth.

该句型中的不定式是真正的主语，是形式主语，句型中的直接宾语是时间。常译为“做……要花费某人……”

IttookthousandsofpeoplemanyyearstobuildtheGreatWall.

15．Itisnogood(use)doingsth.

该句型中的真正主语是动名词短语，主句中的表语可以是nogood(notanygood),nouse(notanyuse).

ItisnogoodlearningEnglishwithoutspeakingEnglish.

16.Itdoesn’tmatterwhether…

该句型中的引导的从句是真正的主语，该句型译为“不论（是否）……没关系……

Itdoesn’tmatterwhethertheyareold.

17．Itiskind(ofsb)todosth.

该句型中的不定式短语是真正主语，如果不定式的逻辑主语是由of引出，主句中的形容词必须是能表示逻辑主语的形容词。常见的有：bad,brave,careless,clever,cruel,foolishgood(好心的),honest,horrible,kind,lazy,modest,naughty,nice(有教养的),polite,rude,silly,stupid,wise,wrong等。这个句型可以改写为sb.iskindtodosth.

Itiskindofyoutostayso=Youarekindtosayso.

18.Itisnecessary(forsb)todosth

该句型与上一句统属一个句型。如果不定式的逻辑主语是由for引出的，主句的形容词通常是表示重要性，紧迫性，频繁程度，难易，安全等情况的形容词。常见的形容词有：

Important,necessary,natural,easy,safe,common,,normal,hard,difficult,dangerous,unusual,grape,impossible,pleasant.等。

Itisimportantforhertocometotheparty.=Itisimportantthatshe(should)cometotheparty.

19.Itlooks(seems)asif…

该句型中it无意义。Asif引导一个状语从句，常译为：“看起来好像……”如果与事实不相符合，则用虚拟语气。

Itlooksasifheisill.（真的病了）

Itlooksasifhewasill.（事实上没有生病）

Itseemedasifhewasdying.

20.Wethinkitimportanttolearnaforeignlanguage.

该句型中的it作形式宾语。为了记忆方便我们可称该句型为“7123结构”

7指主句中的常用的动词：think,believe,make,find,consider,feel,take.

1指的是形式宾语it.

2指的是宾补的两种形式：形容词和名词

3指的是真正宾语的三种形式：不定式短语，动名词短语或that引导的宾语从句。

Wethinkitourdutytocleanourclassroomeveryday.

XiaoLifeltitimportantlearningEnglishwell.

Theyfounditdifficultthattheywouldfinishtheirworkintwodays.

-Doyoulike____here?

-Oh,yes.Theair,theweather,thewayoflife.Everythingissonice.(2004全国卷二)

A.thisB.theseC.thatD.it(D)

分析：it作形式宾语1．______thattherewillbeanothergoodharvestthisautumn.

A.HeissaidB.Itissaid

C.ItsaysD.Itwassaid

2.______shewasfreeonMondaymorning,

A.ThathappenedB.Itishappenedthat

C.IthappenedtoD.Ithappenedthat

3.___threeyearssincehejoinedthearmy.

A.ThatisB.ItisC.ThisisD.Itwas

4.________isgood___youtohavetakengoodcareofyourclassmates.

A.This;toB.It;forC.That;itD.It;of

5.Whatalongway____________!

A.itisBisitC.isthatD.Thisis

6.Does______matterifIamlateforthemeetingtomorrow?

A.thisB.itC.thatD.which

7.________makesmesicktothinkofthematter.

A.ThatBItC.ThisD.Which

8.Theparentswillneverforgetthat_____thedoctor__hadsavedtheirchild’slife.

A.Itis;thatB.Itwas;that

c.Thatis;whenD.Itwas;when

9._____abouthalfpastten______wegottothestation.

A.Itis;thatB.Itwas;that

C.Thatis;whenD.Itwas;when

10.Weconsider___ourdutyhelpinghim.

A.itB.thatC.whichD.That答案:1-5BDBDA6-10BBBDANotesafterclass:Thefifthperiod：UsinglanguageTeachingaims:Understandthetest.Teachingdifficulties:TraintheSs'readingability.Step1：Showsomepicturesonthecomputer.ThisstepistomakethestudentshaveageneralunderstandingofAIDSandHIV.ThendiscusswhatyouknowaboutHIV/AIDSwithyourclassmates.Step2:Listentothetapeandtalkaboutthefollowingquestions:Howmanysectionscanthispassagebedividedinto?what’sthepurposeofeachsection?Section1:(Backgroundinformation)aboutwhatthediseases.Section2:Waysto(protectyourself)Section3:Somecommon(falseunderstanding)Step3:Readthepostermorecarefully,thenanswerthequestions:1.What’savirus?Avirusisaverysmalllivingthingthatcausedisease.2.Howdoes