2023届高考英语语法复习专项试卷：动词（1）（含解析）

2023届高考英语语法复习专项试卷：动词（1）一、填空1.Look！Theplant______________（与......相似）grassinappearance.2.InChina,awholefish______(symbol)richness.Ataparty,itisatraditiontoservethewholefish.3.ThegraduationceremonyitselftakesplaceattheendofMayorthebeginningofJune,whichusually______(include)music,award,andaguestspeaker.4.Forme,thelibraryaswellasthecoursesexplainHarvardasthehomeofdevotedscholars.5.What'sworse,manyapersonalwayslitterhereandthereinthestreets,whichisofourgreatconcern.6.Asweknow,acleancity,wherediseasemaybereducedandpeople'shealthmaybebetter,aregoodbothtoourmindandbody.7.Sportscanhelpyouforgetallthatmakeyouunhappyandfaceschoolandlifemorepositively.8.Everyday,hewenttoworkbeforeIgetup,andcomeshackhomeafterIgotobed.Buttome,itdoesn'tmatteratall,becauseheisagreatheroinmymind.9.Whydohumanslaugh?Thatquestionincreasingly______(interest)scientistsaroundtheglobe.10.Thedustabsorbsheat,warminguptheatmosphereandmakingitcirculatemorestrongly,which_____(prevent)theformationoficeclouds.11.Thisimagethatyoucreateofyourself______(determine)whoyouareandhowyoufeel.12.Idoesn’twantaredapple.Iwantagreenone.13.Theoldmandoesn't_________(hear)verywell.14.Readingwidely______(able)ustohaveachancetobroadenourhorizons.15.Preparingdifferentkindsoffoodtosatisfyguests’tastesusually________(require)alotoftime.二、语法填空16.阅读下面材料,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Sudanistheonlymalenorthernwhiterhino(犀牛)leftintheworld.That①________(mean)Sudan,42,isthelasthopeforavoidingextinction.

②________(protect)him,officialshaveplacedhimunder24-hourarmedguardattheOIPejetaConservancyincentralKenya.Sudanlivesthere

③________

twofemalenorthernwhiterhinos,FatuandNajin.Northernwhiterhinos,

④________

canweighupto5,000pounds,wereonceplentifulacrossnorthernandcentralAfrica.⑤________(hunter)havekilledthousandsofrhinosbecauseof

⑥________

highdemandfortheanimals,horns(角).Rhinohorns,believedtohavemedicaleffects,areusedin⑦________(tradition)Asianmedicines.Morethan1,000rhinos⑧________(kill)in2014inSouthAfricaaloneandfifty-fourrhinosinKenya,whichhasamuch⑨________(small)population.Sudan,Fatu,andNajinhavehadtheirhorns​⑩________(remove)sothattheywillnotbehunted.PeoplehopeSudanandoneofthefemaleswillbeabletohaveababy.Sudanisveryold,butscientistswillnotgiveuphope.17.

TheheatwavethatbrokehightemperaturerecordsinfiveEuropeancountriesaweekagoisnowoverGreenland,

①_____(cause)theisland'svasticesheettomeltatnear-recordlevelsandahuge②_____(lose)oficeintheArctic.OnWednesdayalone,morethan10billiontonsoficewaslosttotheoceansbysurfacemelting,whichisequal

③_____about400,000Olympic-sizedswimmingpools,saidRuthMottram,aclimatescientistattheDanishMeteorologicalInstitute.

Melting④_____(increase)inrecentdecadesbecauseofclimatechangeandhasbeendecreasingtheaccumulationofsnow.Previously,duringthe1970sandthe1980s,Greenlandlost

⑤_____averageof50billiontonsoficeeachyear.From2010to2018,thatfigureshotupto290billiontons⑥_____(annual).Thissummer,theextentofthemeltingcouldsurpass(超过)therecordsetin2012,

⑦_____about97%oftheicesheet'ssurfacebegantomelt.NASA/JPL-Caltechreportedatthetime.

Greenland,theworld'slargestisland,⑧_____(lie)betweentheAtlanticandArcticoceans,with82%ofitssurface⑨_____(cover)byice.AJune2019studybyscientistsintheUSandDenmarksaidmeltingiceinGreenlandalonewilladdbetween5and33centimetrestotherising⑩_____(globe)sealevelsbytheyear2100.IfalltheiceinGreenlandmelted,whichwouldtakecenturies,theworld'soceanswouldriseby7.2metres.

答案以及解析1.答案：resembles解析：根据括号内词义，与.....相似可译为resemble。分析句子，结合句意，句子为一般现在时，主语为单数名词，设空处应用动词的第三人称单数形式。故填:resembles。2.答案：symbolises

解析：句意为:在中国,一整条鱼象征着财富。设空处为谓语动词,主语是awholefish,为第三人称单数,故填symbolises。3.答案：includes

解析：句意为:毕业典礼一般在五月底或六月初举行,通常包括音乐节目、毕业证书授予和特邀嘉宾演讲等内容。设空处为定语从句的谓语动词,关系词在从句中作主语,先行词为Thegraduationceremony,是第三人称单数,故定语从句的谓语动词也应用第三人称单数形式。4.答案：explain→explains

解析：当aswellas连接两个并列成分作主语时,其谓语动词通常与前面的主语保持人称和数的一致,又因本句主语是thelibrary,所以谓语要用第三人称单数形式。故将explain改为explains。5.答案：litter→litters

解析：句意为:更糟糕的是,许多人总是在街上到处扔垃圾,这是我们非常关注的。固定短语"manya(n)+单数名词"意为"许多的;大量的",但是其谓语动词要用单数形式。故将litter改为litters。6.答案：are→is

解析：句意为:正如我们所知,一个干净的城市,疾病可能会减少,人们的健康状况可能会更好,这对我们的身心都有益。分析句子结构可知,此处是句子的谓语,主语acleancity是名词单数,所以谓语也应该用第三人称单数形式。故将are改为is。7.答案：make→makes

解析：句意为:运动可以帮助你忘记所有让你不快乐的事情,证你更积极地面对学校和生活。分析句子结构可知,此处是一个定语从句,先行词是all,在此处意为"所有",视为一个整体,从句谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。故将make改为makes。8.答案：went→goes

解析：根据句中的时间状语Everyday以及下文的getup,comesback和gotobed可知,此处应用一般现在时,又因主语he是第三人称单数,谓语动词应用第三人称单数形式。故将went改为goes。9.答案：interests

解析：句意为:人们为什么会笑?这个问题越来越引起全球科学家的兴趣。设空处在句中作谓语,且陈述客观事实,应用一般现在时,主语为Thatquestion,谓语动词应用第三人称单数形式。故填interests。10.答案：prevents

解析：句意为:尘埃吸收热量,使大气升温,使其更强烈地循环,从而阻止了冰云的形成。从句中充当主语的关系词which指代前面的句子,和prevent是主动关系,谓语用第三人称单数形式,故填prevents。11.答案：determines

解析：句意为:你所创造的自身形象决定了你是谁,你的感受如何。此空为谓语,根据上下文可知,时态为一般现在时,主语(Thisimage)为单数概念,谓语应用第三人称单数形式,故填determines。12.答案：Iwantaredapple.Iwantagreenone.解析：I是第一人称，助动词用do；does用于第三人称单数形式；故把doesn't改为don't。故填：doesn't改为don’t。13.答案：hear解析：14.答案：enables

解析：分析可知,此处应用动词作谓语,enable"使能够;使有机会",动词词性,句子陈述的是事实,应用一般现在时,主语为动名词短语readingwidely,谓语应用第三人称单数形式,故填enables。15.答案：requires解析：句子的主语是Preparingdifferentkindsoffoodtosatisfyguests'tastes,为单数形式,因此谓语动词使用单数,句子陈述事实,因此使用一般现在时,故答案为requires。16.答案：1.means2.Toprotect3.with4.which5.Hunters6.a7.traditional8.werekilled9.smaller10.removed解析：①考查动词时态。这里用一般现在时态，表示客观事实。句意：这意味着42岁的苏丹是避免北方白犀牛灭绝的最后希望。故填means。②考查非谓语动词。这里用动词不定式作目的状语。句意：为了保护他肯尼亚中部的OIPejeta自然保护区的官员将他置于24小时的武装警卫之下。故填Toprotect。③考查介词。with表示“和…一起”。句意：苏丹和两头雌性北方白犀牛Fatu和Najin生活在一起。故填with。④考查非限制性定语从句。句中先行词Northernwhiterhinos在非限制性定语从句中作主语，故用关系代词which。句意：北方白犀牛重可达5000磅，曾在非洲北部和中部大量繁殖。故填which。⑤考查名词复数。根据谓语havekilled可知，用复数名词。句意：猎人杀死了成千上万的犀牛……。故填Hunters。⑥考查冠词。名词demand是可数名词，a在这里表示泛指。句意：……由于对犀牛角的需求量很大。故填a。⑦考查形容词。根据Asianmedicines可知空格处用形容词，故用形容词形式。句意：犀牛角被认为具有医疗作用，被用于传统的亚洲药物。故填traditional。⑧考查语态。句中主语rhinos与动词kill之间是被动关系，故用被动语态。句意：仅2014年，南非就有超过1000头犀牛被杀……。故填werekilled。⑨考查形容词比较级。根据空格前的much可知用smaller。句意：……而肯尼亚的犀牛数量要少得多。故填smaller。⑩考查非谓语动词。本题考查havesth.done结构。句意：为了不被猎杀，苏丹、法图和纳金的犀牛角都被去除掉了。故填removed。17.答案：①causing②loss③to④hasincreased/hasbeenincreasing⑤an⑥annually⑦when⑧lies⑨cove