2022-2023学年高一下学期期末考试英语试题（解析版）

洛阳市2022——2023学年高一质量检测英语试卷注意事项：1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考号等填写在答题卡和试卷指定位置上。2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔将答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。3.考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.Whatshouldthemanbeabletodotogetthejob?A.Type.B.Drive.C.SpeakEnglish.2.Whichchanneldoesthemanusuallywatch?A.News.B.History.C.Health.3.Whydoesthemanlearnsomanylanguages?A.Totravelabroad.B.Todoaresearch.C.Tofindajob.4.What’sthewomandoing?A.Askingforhercreditcard.B.Lookingforhersuitcase.C.Arguingwiththeman.5.Howmuchmaythewomanpayforthetoy?A.$8.B.$16.C.$60.第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分,满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6.Howisthemanfeeling?A.Guilty.B.Optimistic.C.Annoyed.7.Whatdothekidsalwaysdo?A.Theymakefacesinclass.B.Theyeatanddrinktoomuch.C.Theymakefunoftheman.听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。8.Whatdoesthewomanthinkofherjob?A.Demanding.B.Tiring.C.Interesting.9.Whowantstoopenabakery?A.Thewoman’sfriend.B.Theman’sfriend.C.Thewoman.听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。10.Whatdoesthemanlikereading?A.Lovestories.B.Detectivestories.C.Fairystories.11.Whydidthewomangotothemovie?A.Shelikesthemovie.B.Themovieisfamous.C.She’safanoftheactor.12.What’sthemostprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Friends.B.Strangers.C.Relatives.听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。13.WhathappenedtoAnna?AShegotinjured.B.Shefailedtheexam.C.Shelostthematch.14.WhogavefirstaidtoAnna?A.Theman.B.Thewoman.C.Ateacher.15.Whereisthewomangoing?A.Tothehospital.B.Tothecinema.C.Tothelibrary.16.What’sthemangoingtodo?A.Cleantheclassroom.B.Returnsomebooks.C.Dosomereading.听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。17.Whyistheeventtobeheld?A.Tohelppeoplelearnaboutrecycling.B.Tohelpprotecttheendangeredwildlife.C.Tomakepeopleknowaboutconservation.18.Whenistheeventtobeheld?A.OnSeptember12,B.OnOctober20.C.OnNovember10.19.Wherewilltheeventbegin?A.Behindthelibrary.B.Infrontofthegate.C.Inthegarden.20.Whatshouldbebroughttotheevent?A.Plastic.B.Chemical,C.Bins.第二部分阅读理解(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分,满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。AWhatisEarthHour?EarthHourisanannualglobalcampaignthatencouragespeopleandbusinessesaroundtheworldtoswitchoffelectricityatthesametimeforonehour.EarthHourstartedinAustraliain2007when2.2millionpeopleinSydneyturnedoffallnon-essentiallightsforanhour.Sincethenithasgrowintoamassiveglobalevent.In2013,millionsofpeoplein7,000citiesandtownsaroundtheworldswitchedofftheirlightsfor60minutesattheendofMarch.Everyyearlandmarksandwell-knownbuildingsaroundtheworldtakepartandgodarkforEarthHour.ThecampaignevenwentintospacewhenastronautsreducedpowerontheInternationalSpaceStationin2011.WhoorganizesEarthHour?EarthHourisorganizedbytheWorldWideFundforNature(WWF).ItwasstartedbyAndyRidleywhoisexecutivedirectorofEarthHourGlobal,WWF.Hecameupwiththeideabecausehewantedtoraiseawarenessofenvironmentalissuesbyaskingpeopletodosomethingpositivetohelptheplanet.SwitchingoffthelightsforanhourcanmakeasmalldifferencetotheamountofenergyweusebutEarthHourisalsoasymboliceventtomakepeoplethinkabouttheproblemsofclimatechange.WhyMarch?TheendofMarchisaroundthetimeofthespringandautumnequinoxes(昼夜平分时)inbothhemispheres(半球)respectively,whensunsettimesareatsimilartimes.Thismeansthataglobal“lightsout”eventhasmostvisualeffectatthistimeofyear.UKeventsAswellasfamousLondonlandmarkssuchasBigBen,LondonEyeandBuckinghamPalaceswitchingofftheirlights,therearemanyothereventsaroundBritain.OntheWWFsinteractivemapyoucanseewhichpeople,businesses,schools,organizationsandlandmarksaretakingparteachyearandwhattheyaredoing.1.WhenandwheredidEarthHourbegin?A.InBritain,in2007. B.InSydney,in2013.C.InLondon,in2011. D.InAustralia,in2007.2.HowmanyexamplesaregiventoshowEarthHourisamassiveglobalevent?A.One. B.Two. C.Three. D.Four.3.WhateventcanyouseeinBritainatEarthHour?A.ThelightsonLondonEyeareoffforanhour.B.ThesunsetsatthesametimearoundLondon.C.Businessesswitchoffalltheirlightsintheday.D.PeoplearerushingtofamousLondonlandmarks.【答案】1.D2.C3.A【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了“地球一小时”，包括该活动的起源以及组织者等相关内容。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第一段“EarthHourstartedinAustraliain2007when2.2millionpeopleinSydneyturnedoffallnon-essentiallightsforanhour.Sincethenithasgrowntoamassiveglobalevent.(“地球一小时”于2007年在澳大利亚发起，当时悉尼有220万人关掉所有非必要的灯一小时。)”可知，“地球一小时”开始于2007年的澳大利亚。故选D。【2题详解】细节理解题。根文章第一段“In2013,millionsofpeoplein7,000citiesandtownsaroundtheworldswitchedofftheirlightsfor60minutesattheendofMarch.Everyyearlandmarksandwell-knownbuildingsaroundtheworldtakepartandgodarkforEarthHour.ThecampaignevenwentintospacewhenastronautsreducedpowerontheInternationalSpaceStationin2011.(2013年，全球7000个城镇的数百万人在3月底熄灯60分钟。每年，世界各地的地标和著名建筑都会参加“地球一小时”活动，并熄灯。2011年，当宇航员在国际空间站上减少电力时，这项运动甚至进入了太空。)”可知，文章主要举了三个例子来说明“地球一小时”已经发展成为一个巨大的全球事件。故选C。【3题详解】细节理解题。根据文章最后一段“AswellasfamousLondonlandmarkssuchasBigBen,LondonEyeandBuckinghamPalaceswitchingofftheirlights,therearemanyothereventsaroundBritain.(除了大本钟、伦敦眼和白金汉宫等著名的伦敦地标熄灯外，英国各地还有许多其他活动。)”可知，伦敦眼会在“地球一小时”期间熄灯。故选A。BIhavespentmyentirelifeeitherattheschoolhouse,onthewaytotheschoolhouse,ortalkingaboutwhathappensintheschoolhouse.Bothmyparentsandmygrandparentswereeducators.Forthepast40yearsI’vedonethesamething.Needlesstosay,overthoseyearsI’vehadachancetolookateducationreformfromalotofaspects.Andweknowwhykidsdropout.Weknowwhykidsdon’tlearn.It’seitherpoverty,lowattendanceornegativepeerinfluences.Butoneofthethingsthatweneverdiscussorwebarelydiscussisthevalue—theimportanceofhumanconnectionandrelationships.JamesComersaysthatnosignificantlearningcanoccurwithoutasignificantrelationshipandalllearningisunderstandingrelationships.Everyonehasbeenaffectedbyateacheroranadult.IhavelookedatthebestandI’velookedatsomeoftheworst.Acolleaguesaidtomeonce,“Mydutyisn’ttolikethekids,buttoteachalesson.Thekidsshouldlearnit.Ishouldteachit.Thisisthecase.”Well,Isaidtoher,“Youknow,kidsdon’tlearnfrompeopletheydon’tlike.”IhavehadclassesthatweresolowthatIcried.Iwondered,howwasIgoingtotakethisgroupinninemonthsfromwheretheyweretowheretheyneededtobe?Anditwasawfullyhard.HowdidIraisetheself-confidenceofachildandhisacademicachievementatthesametime?OneyearIcameupwithabrightidea.Itoldallmystudents,“YouwerechosentobeinmyclassbecauseIamthebestteacherandyouarethebeststudents.Theyputusalltogethersowecouldshoweverybodyelsehowtodoit.”AndIgavethemasaying:“Iamsomebody.IwassomebodywhenIcame.I’llbeabettersomebodywhenIleave.Iampowerful,andIamstrong.IdeservetheeducationthatIgethere.”Teachingandlearningshouldbringjoy.Howpowerfulwouldourworldbeifwehadkidswhowerenotafraidtotakerisks,whowerenotafraidtothink,andwhohadachampion!Everychilddeservesachampion.Anadultwhowillnevergiveuponthem,andwhounderstandsthepowerofconnection,insiststhattheybecomethebestthattheycanpossiblybe.4.Whydokidsdropoutofschool?A.Theyhaveabadassociationwithteachers.B.Theymaycomefromlow-incomefamilies.C.Theyaren’tenthusiasticaboutschoolsubjects.D.Theyareinfluencedinanoptimisticwaybypeers.5.WhichideadoesJamesComeragreewith?A.Teachersshouldlaystressonthepersonaltraits.B.Studentsmightlearnalotfromteachers’variedadvice.C.Understandingrelationshipsleadstosuccessfullearning.D.Educationplaysanimportantroleinthekids’childhood.6.Howdidtheauthorpromotehisstudents?A.Hemotivatedthemtobuildself-confidence.B.Hetrainedthemtobecommittedandfocused.CHeawardedthemmanyprizesduringhisclass.D.Hewasdevotedtoimprovingtheirself-discipline.7.Whatcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A.EveryKidNeedsaChampionB.TrueLoveforMyOwnCareerC.HowtoDealWithBadStudentsD.MyJoyofBeingaTeacher【答案】4.B5.C6.A7.A【解析】【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章主要讨论了作者对于当代教育的一些看法，作者认为每个孩子都值得拥有一个冠军。一个永远不会放弃他们的成年人，一个懂得联系的力量的成年人，坚持让他们成为最好的自己。【4题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第一段“Andweknowwhykidsdropout.Weknowwhykidsdon’tlearn.It’seitherpoverty,lowattendanceornegativepeerinfluences.(我们也知道孩子们为什么会辍学。我们知道孩子们为什么不学习。要么是贫穷，要么是出勤率低，要么是同伴的负面影响。)”可知，孩子辍学的原因要么是贫穷，要么是出勤率低，要么是同伴的负面影响。故选B。【5题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第二段“JamesComersaysthatnosignificantlearningcanoccurwithoutasignificantrelationshipandalllearningisunderstandingrelationships.Everyonehasbeenaffectedbyateacheroranadult.(JamesComer说，没有重要的关系就没有重要的学习，所有的学习都是对关系的理解。每个人都被老师或大人影响过。)”可知，JamesComer认为所有的学习都是对关系的理解，由此可知，理解了关系就会带来成功的学习。故选C。【6题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第四段“HowdidIraisetheself-confidenceofachildandhisacademicachievementatthesametime?(我是如何在提高孩子的自信心的同时提高他的学习成绩的？)”以及文章第五段“OneyearIcameupwithabrightidea.Itoldallmystudents,“YouwerechosentobeinmyclassbecauseIamthebestteacherandyouarethebeststudents.Theyputusalltogethersowecouldshoweverybodyelsehowtodoit.”AndIgavethemasaying:“Iamsomebody.IwassomebodywhenIcame.I’llbeabettersomebodywhenIleave.Iampowerful,andIamstrong.IdeservetheeducationthatIgethere.”(有一年，我想到了一个好主意。我告诉我所有的学生：“你们被选来上我的课，因为我是最好的老师，你们是最好的学生。他们把我们聚在一起，这样我们就可以向其他人展示如何做到这一点。”我给了他们一句话：“我是个大人物。我来的时候是个大人物。当我离开时，我会成为一个更好的人。我很强大，我很坚强。我值得在这里接受教育。”)”可推断出，作者通过帮助学生建立自信来帮助学生提升自己。故选A。【7题详解】主旨大意题。根据文章最后一段“Teachingandlearningshouldbringjoy.Howpowerfulwouldourworldbeifwehadkidswhowerenotafraidtotakerisks,whowerenotafraidtothink,andwhohadachampion!Everychilddeservesachampion.Anadultwhowillnevergiveuponthem,andwhounderstandsthepowerofconnection,insiststhattheybecomethebestthattheycanpossiblybe.(教与学应该带来快乐。如果我们的孩子不害怕冒险，不害怕思考，有一个冠军，我们的世界将会多么强大！每个孩子都值得拥有一个冠军。一个永远不会放弃他们的成年人，一个懂得联系的力量的成年人，坚持让他们成为最好的自己。)”以及全文可知，文章主要讲述的是作者认为教与学都应该带来快乐。而每个孩子都值得拥有一个冠军来带领他们成为最好的自己。故选A。CTheclimatethreatbecameurgentin2022,resultinginaheavyimpactontheworld’sclimateindicators(指标).Theseindicatorsshowhowtheplanetisrespondingtoclimatechangeandtheimpactithasonbothpeopleandnature.TheClimateReport,releasedaheadofEarthDay,consistsofananalysisofglobalclimateindicatorssuchassealevelrise,oceanheat,andpollutionlevels.Asignificantnumberofclimaterecordswerebrokenin2022.Forinstance,oceansexperiencedrecordhightemperatures.Duetowarmingoceans,globalsealevelsclimbedtotheirhighestrecord.Antarcticaalsorecordedthelowesteverseaiceextentof1.92millionsquarekilometersinFebruary2022,arecordthathasbeenbrokenagainthisyear.Thelatestglobaldatashowsrecordhighlevelsofplanet-warmingpollution,includingmethane(甲烷)andcarbondioxidein2021.Theserecordsdemonstratetheurgencyoftheclimatethreatglobally.Risingtemperaturesresultinextremeweatherconditionssuchasdroughts,floods,andheatwaves.Thisputswildlife,plants,andcoastalcommunitiesatrisk.Additionally,theseextremeclimateeventsresultsinchallengesoflackingfood.Itisvitalfornationstocometogethertoaddresstheissueofclimatechangebyacceleratingeffortstowardsrenewableenergy,reducinggreenhousegasemissions,promotingsustainablelandusepractices,andsupportingthosewhoarealreadyfeelingtheimpactsofclimatechange.Inconclusion,thestateoftheclimatereporthighlightstheimpactoftheclimatethreatworldwide,whichishavingaseriouseffectontheplanet’sclimateindicators,nature,andpeople.Theincreasingfrequencyofextremeweatherconditionsresultsfromtherisingtemperatures,whichiswhyitissignificanttotakeactiontowardsdecreasingtheeffectsofclimatechange.Itisourresponsibilitytosafeguardtheplanetforfuturegenerationsbytakingmeasuresthatmoveustowardsasustainableandfairfuture.8.WhatcanwelearnabouttheindicatorsfromParagraph1?A.TheyarereleasedaheadofEarthDay.B.Theyindicatethedecreaseofsealevel.C.Theyshowtheplanet’sresponsetoclimatechange.D.Theyimplythefallofpollutionlevelsandoceanheat.9.Whatistheresultofrisingtemperatures?A.Theypartlyleadtotheproblemsofthefoodshortage.B.Theycausethehighestrecordedlevelofglobalwarming.C.Theyresultineffortstoreducegreenhousegasemissions.DTheyacceleratethepromotionofsustainabledevelopment.10.Howshouldnationshandleclimatechange?A.Reducetheriskoftheextinctionofwildlifeandplants.B.Makeeffortstopromoterenewableenergyandlanduse.C.Supportpeoplewhousevehiclestoreleasecarbondioxide.D.Transformthepatternsofextremeclimatechangeconditions.11.Whyisitsignificanttodecreasetheimpactsofclimatechange?A.EveryonehasaroletoplayinprotectingtheplanetB.Ithasabadeffectonendangeredanimalsandplants.C.Theextremeweatherconditionsresultinoceanheat.D.Therisingtemperaturesleadtoextremeweatherconditions.【答案】8.C9.A10.B11.D【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了2022年气候状况报告以及其重要性。【8题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第一段“Theseindicatorsshowhowtheplanetisrespondingtoclimatechangeandtheimpactithasonbothpeopleandnature.(这些指标显示了地球如何应对气候变化及其对人类和自然的影响。)”可知，这些指标显示了地球如何应对气候变化及其对人类和自然的影响。故选C。【9题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第三段“Theserecordsdemonstratetheurgencyoftheclimatethreatglobally.Risingtemperaturesresultinextremeweatherconditionssuchasdroughts,floods,andheatwaves.Thisputswildlife,plants,andcoastalcommunitiesatrisk.Additionally,theseextremeclimateeventsresultsinchallengesoflackingfood(这些记录表明了全球气候威胁的紧迫性。气温上升会导致干旱、洪水和热浪等极端天气。这使野生动物、植物和沿海社区处于危险之中。此外，这些极端气候事件导致粮食短缺的挑战。)”可知，温上升会导致干旱、洪水和热浪等极端天气，而这不仅使野生动物、植物和沿海社区处于危险之中也会导致粮食短缺。故选A。【10题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第四段“Itisvitalfornationstocometogethertoaddresstheissueofclimatechangebyacceleratingeffortstowardsrenewableenergy,reducinggreenhousegasemissions,promotingsustainablelandusepractices,andsupportingthosewhoarealreadyfeelingtheimpactsofclimatechange.(至关重要的是，各国必须团结起来，通过加快开发可再生能源、减少温室气体排放、促进可持续土地利用方式以及支持那些已经感受到气候变化影响的人，来解决气候变化问题。)”可知，文章认为各国应该团结起来开发可再生能源、减少温室气体排放、促进可持续土地利用方式以及支持那些已经感受到气候变化影响的人，从而应对气候变化。故选B。【11题详解】细节理解题。根据文章最后一段“Theincreasingfrequencyofextremeweatherconditionsresultsfromtherisingtemperatures,whichiswhyitissignificanttotakeactiontowardsdecreasingtheeffectsofclimatechange.(气温上升导致极端天气状况日益频繁，这就是为什么采取行动减少气候变化影响至关重要。)”可推断，减少气候变化的影响之所以很重要是因为气温上升导致极端天气状况日益频繁。故选D。DIfyoucan’tgetyourkidstofocusonhomework,givethemblueberryjuice!Astudyfoundthatawildblueberrydrinkpromotedmemoryandconcentrationinprimaryschool-agechildren.ResearchersfromReadingUniversityinBritainput21boysandgirlsthroughabatteryofcognitive(认知的)testsonfouroccasions—onceafterdrinkingsugarywater,onceafteralittleblueberrydrink,onceafteramildblueberrydrinkandanotherafterastrongblueberrydrink.Theresearchersfoundonthedayswhentheyhadthefruitdrinks,theydidbetterontheteststhatinvolvedrecallingwordstheyhadbrieflyheard,andtheyalsodidbetterontasksthatrequiredthemtoavertdistractions.Thebestresultswereobtainedafterthehigh-strengthdrink,whichcontainedtheequalquantityofacupandahalfwildblueberries.Wildblueberriescontainmaterialsgoodforhealthbutresearchersfixedtheirattentiononflavonoid(黄酮类化合物),ahealth-promotingplantchemicalfoundinavarietyoffruitsandvegetables,includingberries.Itisthoughtthattheflavonoidintheberriesmayimprovebloodflowtothebrainandeasethepassageofinformationbetweencells.Theresearchershadtousepowdermadefromwildblueberriestomakethedrinksinthestudy,asblueberriesdonotgrowwildintheUK.Buttheyinsistblueberriesandblackberriesarealsorichinflavonoid.Althoughblueberrieshavebeenshowntobegoodforthebrainbefore,alltheresearchhasbeencarriedoutonadults.Primaryschoolisavitalstageinachild’seducationalandsocialdevelopment.Theseresultsindicatestronglythatconsumingfoodsrichinflavonoid,suchaswildblueberries,couldaidoveralllearningintheclassroom.Theresearchersnowwanttoseeifthefruitspeedsupreadingdevelopmentandwhetheritisofparticularbenefittochildrenwithdistraction.12.Whatdidthestudyfind?A.Blueberryjuicewascloselyrelatedtoconcentration,B.Blueberryjuicemadechildreninterestedinlearning.C.Wildblueberriesbroughtoutatasteofgoodfeelings.D.Wildblueberrieswereofgreatbenefittosomepatients.13.Whichcanreplacetheunderlinedword“avert”inParagraph2?A.Claim. B.Chase. C.Affect. D.Avoid.14.Howdoesflavonoidfunctioninberries?A.Itstrengthenssweettasteinberries.B.Itmakesberriesdifferentfromothers.C.Itpromotesbloodflowingandeasesthecellpassage.D.Itcouldprovidepowdermadefromwildblueberries.15.Whatcanweinferabouttheresearchfromthelastparagraph?A.It’sbeenappliedtotheimprovementofkids’speakingskills.B.It’sprobablymadewildblueberriespopularallovertheworld.C.It’sprovidedasignificantplatformforadults’socialrelationships.D.It’sexpectedtobeconductedonkids’readingskillsandattention.【答案】12.A13.D14.C15.D【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。一项研究发现，野生蓝莓饮料能提高小学适龄儿童的记忆力和注意力。【12题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段中“Astudyfoundthatawildblueberrydrinkpromotedmemoryandconcentrationinprimaryschool-agechildren.”（一项研究发现，野生蓝莓饮料能提高小学适龄儿童的记忆力和注意力。）可知，研究发现蓝莓饮料与专注力相关，故选择A项。【13题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段中“Astudyfoundthatawildblueberrydrinkpromotedmemoryandconcentrationinprimaryschool-agechildren.”（一项研究发现，野生蓝莓饮料能提高小学适龄儿童的记忆力和注意力。）以及下文的“distraction”（分散注意力）可知，这里要说的是避免注意力分散的任务，avoid“避免”与avert意思相近，故选择D项。【14题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段中“Itisthoughtthattheflavonoidintheberriesmayimprovebloodflowtothebrainandeasethepassageofinformationbetweencells.”（人们认为浆果中的类黄酮可以改善大脑的血液流动，并简化细胞之间的信息传递。）可知，类黄酮的作用在于改善血液流动，简化细胞间的信息传递，故选择C项。【15题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Theresearchersnowwanttoseeifthefruitspeedsupreadingdevelopmentandwhetheritisofparticularbenefittochildrenwithdistraction.”（研究人员现在想看看这种水果是否能加速阅读发展，以及它是否对注意力不集中的孩子有特别的帮助。）可知，未来可能测试这种水果对于阅读及孩子专注力的影响，故选择D项。第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。TherelationshipbetweenteachersandstudentshasbeenhotlydiscussedinrecentyearsinChina,____16____TodayIwouldliketosharesometipsonhowtogetalongwellwithteachersfromstudents’perspective.Firstandforemost,makeagoodfirstimpressiononyourteachers.____17____Agoodfirstimpressionisimportantforteacherstorememberyournameamongyourfellowstudents.____18____Astudentwholovesstudyingandcooperateswithteachersinclasscandefinitelyimpressteachersdeeply.Studentsshouldbeeagertolearnaswellaswillingtoworkhardandit’simportanttolistenwithattention.Andit’smoreimportanttolearntoraisequestionsandworkoutproblemsinnewways.Finally,communicatewithyourteachersfrequentlyafterclass.____19____Infact,kidswhogetalongwiththeirteachersnotonlylearnmore,butthey’remorecomfortableaskingquestionsandgettingextrahelp.____20____Whenyouhavethiskindofrelationshipwithateacher,heorshecanbesomeonetoturntowithproblems.A.Alwaysrespectyourteachers.B.Asthesayinggoes,wellbegunishalfdone.C.Secondly,studyhardandbeactiveinclass.D.formoreandmoreattentionispaidtoeducation.E.Inthiscase,youcouldmakegoodfriendswiththem.FThismakesiteasiertounderstandnewmaterialsanddoyourbestontests.G.foragoodteacherhasaccesstochildren’smindswhentheyareeagertolearn.【答案】16.D17.B18.C19.E20.F【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了几种师生友好相处的方法。【16题详解】根据上文“TherelationshipbetweenteachersandstudentshasbeenhotlydiscussedinrecentyearsinChina(近年来，中国一直在激烈讨论师生关系)”设空前的逗号可知，下文要说的是这种现象的原因，D项“教育越来越受到重视。”符合题意，故选择D项。【17题详解】根据上文“Firstandforemost,makeagoodfirstimpressiononyourteachers.(首先，给老师留下好的第一印象。)”可知，本段主要说的是第一印象很重要，B项“俗话说，良好的开端是成功的一半。”符合题意，故选择B项。【18题详解】根据下文“Astudentwholovesstudyingandcooperateswithteachersinclasscandefinitelyimpressteachersdeeply.Studentsshouldbeeagertolearnaswellaswillingtoworkhardandit’simportanttolistenwithattention(一个热爱学习并在课堂上与老师合作的学生一定能给老师留下深刻的印象。学生应该渴望学习，也愿意努力工作，专心倾听很重要。)”可知，本段主要介绍的是积极学习，上课与老师认真配合的重要性，C项“第二，努力学习，积极上课。”符合题意，同时选项中的Secondly与上一段的Firstandforemost和下一段的Finally相吻合。故选择C项。【19题详解】根据上文“Finally,communicatewithyourteachersfrequentlyafterclass.(最后，课后要经常和老师交流。)”可知，课下经常与老师交流就可能和老师成为朋友，E项“在这种情况下，你可以和他们成为好朋友。”符合题意，故选择E项。【20题详解】根据上文“Infact,kidswhogetalongwiththeirteachersnotonlylearnmore,butthey’remorecomfortableaskingquestionsandgettingextrahelp.(事实上，与老师相处融洽的孩子不仅学到了更多，而且他们更愿意提出问题并获得额外的帮助。)”可知，与老师相处融洽在老师额外帮助下，学生更容易理解所学内容，并取得好成绩，F项“这样可以更容易地理解新材料，并在测试中做到最好。”符合题意，故选择F项。第三部分语言知识运用(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。I,16,wasdiagnosedwithautism(自闭症)asababy.Then,myfatherquithisjoband____21____hisfullattentiontoautism.In2012,helearnedthatswimmingcouldhelpautisticpeople____22____theirphysicalfitnessandgrowth.Sohespentmonthslearninghowtoswimbywatchingvideosandreadingbooks.HespentseveralmonthsteachingmeanddiscoveredthatIhad____23____developedtheabilitytocontrolmybreathunderwater,whichgreatlyincreasedhis____24____.Myfatherlaidthegroundworkformy____25____lessons.Twohandringsandaswingarefixedfromtheceilingtohelpme____26____mymusclesandlearnswimmingmovements.Ononewallofourhome____27____atableformyroutine____28____.Myfathersaidtoareporter,“I____29____toplanallhisexercisesforhim,butnowitisalluptohim.Hedecideshowmanyexerciseshewantstodo,andit’saprocessof_____30_____.”Inspiteofallthehardships,Ihavelearnedto_____31_____challenges.Imanagedtobecomea(n)_____32_____swimmer.In2021,Iwonfive_____33_____attwointernationalgames,includingagold._____34_____swimming,learningbasiclifeskillsisalsoanimportantpartoflifeforme.Thankstomyfather’s_____35_____,Ihavelearnedtobuyfoodandheldvoluntaryjobsatsupermarketsandfast-foodrestaurants.21.A.drew B.devoted C.applied D.caught22.A.correct B.dominate C.promote D.highlight23.A.gradually B.desperately C.unusually D.absolutely24.A.feedback B.interest C.appreciation D.faith25.A.swimming B.video C.reading D.pronunciation26.A.relax B.strengthen C.examine D.balance27.A.moves B.makes C.hangs D.rises28.A.workout B.diet C.examination D.life29.A.used B.setout C.happened D.intended30.A.freedom B.self-management C.self-defence D.association31.A.agreewith B.setup C.takeon D.turnup32.A.motivating B.demanding C.outgoing D.outstanding33.A.times B.medals C.championships D.opponents34.A.Incontrastto B.Becauseof C.Apartfrom D.Regardlessof35.A.persistence B.preference C.optimism D.enthusiasm【答案】21.B22.C23.A24.D25.A26.B27.C28.A29.A30.B31.C32.D33.B34.C35.A【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章在讲述了作者是自闭症儿童，父亲为了帮助儿子掌握生活技能，全身心投入到自闭症的研究中，并耐心对儿子进行游泳训练，最终作者在特奥会上取得了五枚奖牌。【21题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他辞去了电脑公司的工作，全身心投入到自闭症的研究中。A.drew描绘；B.devoted投入；C.applied应用；D.caught捉住。根据“He_____hisjobatacomputercompany”可知，他辞去了电脑公司的工作，把所有的注意力投入到自闭症的研究中。短语“devote…to…(投身到……中)”，故选B。【22题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：在2012年，他了解到游泳可以帮助自闭症患者提高他们的身体素质和成长。A.correct纠正；B.dominate支配；C.promote提高；促进；D.highlight强调。根据下文“HespentseveralmonthsteachingmeanddiscoveredthatIhad____3____developedtheabilitytocontrolmybreathunderwater”可知，学习游泳可以帮助作者提高身体素质及帮助他成长，故选C。【23题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：因此他花了几个月的时间教我掌握，发现我逐渐地养成了在水下控制呼吸的能力，这大大增强了父亲的信心。A.gradually逐渐地；B.desperately绝望地；C.unusually特别地；D.absolutely绝对地。根据前文“Hespentseveralmonthsteachingme”可知，父亲花了几个月教作者，作者逐渐地养成了水下呼吸的能力。故选A。【24题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A.feedback反馈意见；B.interest兴趣；C.appreciation感激；D.faith信心。根据前文“discoveredthatIhad____3____developedtheabilitytocontrolmybreathunderwater”可知，父亲的努力使得儿子有了进步，因此提高了父亲的信心。故选D。【25题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我父亲为我上游泳课打下了基础。A.swimming游泳；B.video视频；C.reading阅读；D.pronunciation发音。根据下文“learnswimmingmovements”和上下文可知，父亲对作者的训练为作者上游泳课程打下了基础。故选A。【26题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：两个手环和一个秋千固定在天花板上，帮助我强健肌肉，学习游泳动作。A.relax放松；B.strengthen加强；C.examine检查；D.balance平衡。根据前文“Twohandringsandaswingarefixedfromtheceiling”和常识可知，屋顶上安装的手环和秋千帮助作者加强肌肉锻炼。故选B。【27题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们家的一面墙上挂着一张桌子，用于我做日常锻炼。A.moves移动；B.makes做；C.hangs悬挂；D.rises上升。根据前文“Ononewallofourhome”可知，桌子挂在墙上。故选C。【28题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A.workout锻炼；B.diet饮食；C.examination检查；D.life生活。根据前文“Twohandringsandaswingarefixedfromtheceilingtohelpme____6____mymusclesandlearnswimmingmovements.”可知，家里设置了一些器械用于作者锻炼，因此墙上的桌子也是用来锻炼的。故选A。【29题详解】考查动词和短语辨析。句意：过去我为他计划所有的练习，但现在一切都由他决定了。A.used使用；B.setout出发；C.happened发生；D.intended打算。根据下文“nowitisalluptohim.(现在都听他的)”可知，过去由父亲做计划，现在作者说了算，父亲将选择权交给了作者，usedto“过去常常”，故选A。【30题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：他决定自己想做多少运动，这是一个自我管理的过程。A.freedom自由；B.self-management自我管理；C.self-defence自卫；D.association联系。根据前文“nowitisalluptohim.Hedecideshowmanyexerciseshewantstodo”可知，作者自己计划自己的训练，自己说了算，自我管理。故选B。【31题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：尽管困难重重，我还是学会了接受挑战。A.agreewith同意；B.setup建立；C.takeon接受；承担；D.turnup出现。根据前文“Inspiteofallthehardships”和后文“Imanagedtobecomea(n)____12____swimmer.”可知，尽管充满困难，作者学会了接受挑战。努力成为优秀的游泳运动员。故选C。【32题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我成功的成为了一名优秀的游泳运动员。A.motivating激励的；B.demanding要求苛刻的；C.outgoing外向的；D.outstanding杰出的。根据下文“In2021,Iwonfive____13____attwointernationalgames,includingagold.”可知，作