山东省青岛市黄岛区2024-2025学年高三上学期11月期中考试英语试题（解析版）

高级中学名校试卷PAGEPAGE1山东省青岛市黄岛区2024-2025学年高三上学期11月期中英语试题第一部分听力（略）第二部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节（15个小题；每题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。ABooksWeLoveTwentyQuestionsMacBarnettThepointofthisbook,fromapairofchildren’sliteratureall-stars,isconversation.Someofthequestionsaresimple,somecomplex,andallarepairedwithattractive,oftenamusingillustrationsfromChristianRobinson.Alone:TheJourneysofThreeYoungRefugees(难民)PaulTomThecriticallyadmireddocumentarySeulsisreinterpretedasafullyillustratedadaptationforyoungreaders.Travelingonyourownwhenyou’reakidisdifficult,nottomentiontravelingasarefugeetoacountrywhereyoudon’tevenspeakthelanguage.ThestoriesofthreekidsfromIran,BurundiandUganda,respectively,arethrownintosharpreliefwhentheirnarrativesareillustratedbyBaillairgéMélanieonthepage.It’ssoexcitingandyoungreadersmaycompletelyforgetthebooktheyarereadingisn’tfictional.TheEyesandtheImpossibleDaveEggersCertainchildren’sbookstakethevoicesofanimals,ortoysthatbecomeanimals,andaresopure,sosincere,thattheybecomepartofourownvoices.Jchannes,theEyesofthepark,whorunslikelight,whoseesyoubutisneverseen,isadogwhowantsnothingmorethantobefree.WithShawnHarris’grandillustrations,Johannesisaheroforalltime.AWalkintheWoodsNikkiGrimesAsadboy,sufferingthelossofhisfather,followsatreasuremapintothewoodstheyusedtovisittogether.NikkiGrimes’powerful,yettenderlanguageisanidealcomplement(补充)toJerryPinkney’slooseart.Honest,healing-thisisamemorablestoryofstrengthandcomfort.It’samust-readforanyonewhocaresdeeplyaboutchildren’sbooks.1.Whichbookiswrittenthroughthevoiceofanimals?A.TwentyQuestions. B.Alone:TheJourneysofThreeYoungRefugees.C.TheEyesandtheImpossible. D.AWalkintheWoods.2.Whatcanwelearnaboutthesecondbook?A.Itisadaptedfromafilm. B.Itreceivesmuchcriticism.C.Itoffersadviceontraveling. D.Ittellsofanimaginarystory.3Whatdothefourbookshaveincommon?A.Theyareinformofquestions. B.Theyfocusonfamilymatters.C.Theyareintendedforyoungreaders. D.Theyareillustratedbythesameartist.【答案】1.C2.A3.C【语篇解读】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了四本儿童书籍，每本书都介绍了其主要内容和特色，这些书有的以对话形式呈现，有的改编自纪录片，有的以动物的视角讲述故事，有的则是关于一个男孩在失去父亲后的治愈之旅，它们共同的特点是都适合年轻读者阅读。【1题详析】细节理解题。根据TheEyesandtheImpossible部分的“Certainchildren’sbookstakethevoicesofanimals,ortoysthatbecomeanimals,andaresopure,sosincere,thattheybecomepartofourownvoices.Jchannes,theEyesofthepark,whorunslikelight,whoseesyoubutisneverseen,isadogwhowantsnothingmorethantobefree.(某些儿童书籍采用动物的声音，或者变成动物的玩具的声音，它们是如此纯净、如此真诚，以至于它们成为了我们自己声音的一部分。Jchannes，公园里的眼睛，跑得像光一样快，能看见你却从未被看见，是一只只想获得自由的狗。)”可知，这本书是以动物的声音来写的。故选C项。【2题详析】细节理解题。根据Alone:TheJourneysofThreeYoungRefugees(难民)下的“ThecriticallyadmireddocumentarySeulsisreinterpretedasafullyillustratedadaptationforyoungreaders.(广受好评的纪录片Seuls被重新诠释为面向年轻读者的全插图改编版。)”可知，这本书是由一部影片改编而来。故选A项。【3题详析】推理判断题。根据TwentyQuestions下的“Thepointofthisbook,fromapairofchildren’sliteratureall-stars,isconversation.(这本书的重点是对话，来自一对儿童文学全明星。)”，Alone:TheJourneysofThreeYoungRefugees(难民)下的“ThecriticallyadmireddocumentarySeulsisreinterpretedasafullyillustratedadaptationforyoungreaders.(广受好评的纪录片Seuls被重新诠释为面向年轻读者的全插图改编版。)”，TheEyesandtheImpossible下的“Certainchildren’sbookstakethevoicesofanimals,ortoysthatbecomeanimals,andaresopure,sosincere,thattheybecomepartofourownvoices.(某些儿童读物采用了动物的声音，或者玩具变成了动物的声音，它们是如此纯粹、如此真诚，以至于它们成为我们自己声音的一部分。)”，AWalkintheWoods下的“Asadboy,sufferingthelossofhisfather,followsatreasuremapintothewoodstheyusedtovisittogether.(一个悲伤的男孩，因失去父亲而痛苦，循着藏宝图进入了他们曾经一起去过的树林。)”可以看出，这些书都是适合年轻读者的儿童书籍。故选C项。BAt75yearsold,GedaQawlafindshimselfforgettingmoreandmorewords:thenamesoftreesortypesofbird.AsoneofjustfiveremainingspeakersofOngota,hegetsfewopportunitiestospeakhismothertongue.ThedeclineofthisEthiopiantongueisasmallpartofagloballinguisticcrisis.Currently,alanguagedieseverytwoweeks.Ifthistrendcontinues,halfofthe7,000languagesspokentodaycouldgosilentbytheendofthiscentury.Mostatriskarethe50percentoflanguagesthatlackawrittenform,andthosethatarespokenby10,000peopleorfewer.Thebiggestdriversaretechnologyandglobalisation.Asregionsbecomemoreinterconnected,speakersofsmallerlanguagesarecomingunderpressuretodroptheirmothertongueinfavourofbiggerlanguages.Increasinglevelsofmigrationalsoplayarole,cuttingspeakersofffromtheirnativelanguagesandforcingthemtoadoptnewones.Somelanguageshavebeenbroughtbackfromtheextinction.Theselanguageswerethesubjectsofdecades-long“revitalisationprogrammes”,involvingsustainedinvestmentsinschools,mediaandevenroadsigns.Formostlanguages,however,therearefewresourcesforthis,includingOngota.ResearchersatnearbyArbaMinchUniversityareworkingonadictionaryoftheOngotalanguageinthehopeofpreservingit.Severalyoung,educatedOngotaarealsokeentopreservethelanguage.TheseincludeWorroMolle,25,acivilservantinthenearbytown,whoistryingtolearnitbyhimselfwiththeaidofanoldhandbook.“Thislanguageispartofme,”hesaid.ForSavà,theItaliananthropologist,thedisappearanceofOngotawouldbeatragedy.“Whenyoulosealanguage,youlosearichness,avisionoftheworldthatiscompletelyunique.”4.WhattroublesGedaabouttheOngotalanguage?A.Helacksenoughlanguagepractice. B.Thelanguagehasnewchangesinwords.C.Fewwanttolearnthelanguagefromhim. D.Itisforbiddentousethelanguageinpublic.5.Whatisparagraph3mainlyabout?A.Whatlanguagesrequireprotection. B.Howtechnologychangeslanguages.C.Measurestopreserveendangeredlanguages. D.Reasonsforthedeclineofsmallerlanguages.6.WhatdoesWorroMollethinkoftheOngotalanguage?A.Itisinvaluable. B.Ithasabrightfuture.C.Itisdifficulttolearn. D.Itrequirespromoting.7.Whatisthepurposeofwritingthepassage?A.Tointroduceamanwithararelanguage. B.Tostresstherichnessofworldlanguages.C.Toexploreasocialphenomenonoflanguages. D.Topresentaresearchonalanguageprogramme.【答案】4.A5.D6.A7.C【语篇解读】本文为一篇说明文，说明了小语种逐渐消亡的现象，分析了背后的原因及急需语言复兴的需要。【4题详析】细节理解题。根据文章第一段“At75yearsold,GedaQawlafindshimselfforgettingmoreandmorewords:thenamesoftreesortypesofbird.AsoneofjustfiveremainingspeakersofOngota,hegetsfewopportunitiestospeakhismothertongue.(75岁的GedaQawla发现自己忘记了越来越多的单词：树的名字或鸟类的种类。作为说Ongota语仅存的五人之一，他很少有机会说自己的母语)”可知，Geda缺乏足够的语言Ongota练习的场合，导致自己忘记了越来越多的单词。故选A。【5题详析】主旨大意题。根据文章第三段“Thebiggestdriversaretechnologyandglobalisation.Asregionsbecomemoreinterconnected,speakersofsmallerlanguagesarecomingunderpressuretodroptheirmothertongueinfavourofbiggerlanguages.Increasinglevelsofmigrationalsoplayarole,cuttingspeakersofffromtheirnativelanguagesandforcingthemtoadoptnewones.(最大的驱动力是技术和全球化。随着各地区之间的联系越来越紧密，使用小语种的人正面临着放弃母语、转而使用大语种的压力。不断增加的移民水平也起到了一定的作用，他们脱离了自己的母语，被迫采用新的语言)”可知，本段说明了小语种衰落的原因。故选D。【6题详析】推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“ResearchersatnearbyArbaMinchUniversityareworkingonadictionaryoftheOngotalanguageinthehopeofpreservingit.Severalyoung,educatedOngotaarealsokeentopreservethelanguage.TheseincludeWorroMolle,25,acivilservantinthenearbytown,whoistryingtolearnitbyhimselfwiththeaidofanoldhandbook.“Thislanguageispartofme,”hesaid.(附近的ArbaMinch大学的研究人员正在研究一本昂戈塔语词典，希望能保存它。一些受过良好教育的年轻昂戈塔人也热衷于保护这门语言。这其中就包括附近城镇25岁的公务员WorroMolle，他正试图借助一本旧手册自学昂戈塔语。“这种语言是我的一部分，”他说)”可知，WorroMolle认为这门语言是自己的一部分，他正在努力自学并进行语言的保护，所以他觉得它是极为宝贵的。故选A。【7题详析】推理判断题。根据文章全文尤其是第二段“ThedeclineofthisEthiopiantongueisasmallpartofagloballinguisticcrisis.Currently,alanguagedieseverytwoweeks.Ifthistrendcontinues,halfofthe7,000languagesspokentodaycouldgosilentbytheendofthiscentury.(这种埃塞俄比亚语的衰落只是全球语言危机的一小部分。目前，每两周就有一门语言消亡。如果这一趋势继续下去，到本世纪末，目前使用的7000种语言中有一半可能会消失)”可知，本文说明了小语种逐渐消亡的现象，分析了背后的原因及急需复兴的需要，因此，本文探索了一种语言的社会现象。故选C。CResearchersinvestigatedwhetherlettingstudentsusetheirphonesforverybriefamountsoftime—calledphoneortechnologybreaks—canenhanceclassroomperformanceandreducemobileuse—anditseemstohaveworkedaccordingtotheirstudy.Throughoutafullterm,theresearchteamledbyProfessorRyanRednerletstudentsusetheirphonesduringthebreak,lastingone,two,orfourminutes,respectively.Insomeofthebi-weeklysessions,theresearchersintroducedequallylongquestionbreaksasacontrolcondition.Duringthebreaks,studentswerenotallowedtousetheirphonesbutwereencouragedtoaskquestions.Bothbreaksoccurred15minutesintothelectureelementofclass.Inthestudy,phoneusewasdefinedastouchingthephone.Theresults,publishedinthejournalFrontiersinEducation,showedthatwhentechnologybreakswereintroduced,studentsgenerallyusedtheirphoneslessoftenthanduringthesessionswithonlyquestionbreaks.Duringbreakslastingjust60seconds,phoneusewasatitslowest,makingthemthemostefficientatreducingthetimestudentsspentontheirphonesduringclass.TheresearchersatSouthernIllinoisUniversitysayitisnotyetfullyunderstoodwhythatmightbe,butRednersaidonepossibilityisthatoneminuteisenoughtimetoreadandsendasmallernumberofmessages.“Iftheyhavemoretimetosendmanymessages,theymaybemorelikelytoreceivemessagesandrespondagainduringclass.”Theresearchteamalsofoundthatinclasssessionswhereone-minutebreakswereineffect,students’testperformancecrested:Higheraveragetestscoresforover80%ofparticipantswereconsistentlyobserved.Theresearcherssaythatitisunlikelythatstudentsbehaveddifferentlyknowingtheirphoneusewasmonitored—aneffectcalled“reactivity”.Whiletheresultspointtothepossibleeffectivenessofshorttechnologybreaks,theresearcherssaidmorestudiesareneeded.“Wehopeourfindingsinspireresearchersandteacherstotryapproachestoreducingcellphoneusethatarereinforcement-based.”8.Whatwasthepurposeofthestudy?A.Tomonitorstudents’behaviorinclass. B.Toevaluatethequalityofquestionbreaks.C.Togetproperamountoftimeforphoneuse. D.Todeterminetheefficiencyoftechnologybreaks.9.Whatcanwelearnfromparagraph3?A.Studentsusedphoneslesswithquestionbreaks.B.One-minutebreakshadthemostefficienteffect.C.Researchersfoundscientificevidencefortheirfindings.D.Phonebreaksledtostudentssendingmoremessagesthanusual.10Whatdoestheunderlinedword“crested”inparagraph4mean?A.Remainedstable. B.Becamemisty. C.Peaked. D.Worsened.11.Whatdidtheresearcherssuggest?A.Studentsusephonesmoreoftenduringclass. B.Teachersstopmonitoringstudents’phoneuse.C.Theirfindingsshouldbeappliedinmorefields. D.Furtherstudiesshouldbeconductedontheissue.【答案】8.D9.B10.C11.D【语篇解读】本文是说明文。研究表面让学生短时间使用手机似乎可以提高课堂表现，减少手机的使用。【8题详析】细节理解题。根据第一段内容“Researchersinvestigatedwhetherlettingstudentsusetheirphonesforverybriefamountsoftime—calledphoneortechnologybreaks—canenhanceclassroomperformanceandreducemobileuse—anditseemstohaveworkedaccordingtotheirstudy.(研究人员调查了让学生在很短的时间内使用手机——被称为手机或科技产品休息——是否能提高课堂表现，减少手机的使用——根据他们的研究，这似乎是有效的。)”可知，研究的目的是为了确定技术设备休息的效率。故选D。【9题详析】细节理解题。根据第三段内容“Theresults,publishedinthejournalFrontiersinEducation,showedthatwhentechnologybreakswereintroduced,studentsgenerallyusedtheirphoneslessoftenthanduringthesessionswithonlyquestionbreaks.Duringbreakslastingjust60seconds,phoneusewasatitslowest,makingthemthemostefficientatreducingthetimestudentsspentontheirphonesduringclass.(发表在《教育前沿》（FrontiersinEducation）杂志上的研究结果显示，在课间暂停使用科技产品时，学生使用手机的频率通常低于只有提问时间的课间。在仅持续60秒的课间休息期间，学生使用手机的时间是最低的，这是减少学生在课堂上使用手机时间的最有效方法。)”可知，一分钟的休息时间在减少学生上课期间使用手机的时间方面最有效。故选B。【10题详析】词义猜测题。根据下文内容“Higheraveragetestscoresforover80%ofparticipantswereconsistentlyobserved.(持续观察到超过80%的参与者的平均测试成绩更高。)”可知，在实施一分钟休息的课堂上，学生的测试成绩表现最后，达到了最高水平，因此crested意为“达到顶峰”。故选C。【11题详析】细节理解题。根据最后一段内容“Whiletheresultspointtothepossibleeffectivenessofshorttechnologybreaks,theresearcherssaidmorestudiesareneeded.“Wehopeourfindingsinspireresearchersandteacherstotryapproachestoreducingcellphoneusethatarereinforcement-based.”(虽然研究结果表明短暂的技术休息可能有效，但研究人员表示，还需要更多的研究。‘我们希望我们的发现能激励研究人员和教师尝试以强化为基础的减少手机使用的方法。’)”可知，研究人员认为建议进行更多的研究。故选D。DIntheever-changingandcontinuallydevelopinglandscapeoftechnology,GenerativeArtificialIntelligence(AI)hasemergedasagroundbreakinginnovation,reshapinghowweinteractwithmachinesandtheworldaroundus.Understandingthecoreprinciplesofthistechnologyanditspotentialconsequencesforthefutureisofvitalimportance.GenerativeAIisasubset(子集)ofmachinelearning,abranchofartificialintelligence.UnliketraditionalAIsystemsthatfollowpresetrulestomakedecisions,generativeAIlearnsfromvastamountsofdataandcreatesnovelcontentthatisoftenindistinguishablefromhuman-generatedwork.Infact,ithasrevolutionizedvariousfields.Inart,itcancreateamazingimagesandevencomposemusic.Inwriting,itcangeneratearticles,stories,andevenpoetry.Inthetechindustry,itaidsindesigningnewproductsandimprovingsoftwaredevelopmentprocesses.However,withgreatpowercomesgreatresponsibility.TheriseofgenerativeAIhascausedethical(道德的)debates.Forinstance,thepotentialfordeepfakes(深度伪造)-AI-generatedvideosorimagesthatcanbeusedtomisleadorcontrol-createssignificantrisks.It’sessentialtoapproachgenerativeAIwithacriticalmind,understandingitslimitationsandtheethicalconsiderationsinvolved.Moreover,generativeAIraisesquestionsaboutcreativityandauthorship.WhenanAIcreatesapieceofartorliterature,whoholdsthecopyright?Thesearecomplexissuesthatsocietyisstilltacklingwith.AsyouresearchdeeperintotheworldofAI,rememberthattechnologyisatool.Itcanbeusedtosolveproblemsandimprovelives,oritcanbemisused.It’suptoyou,asthenextgenerationofinnovatorsandleaders,tohelpAIdevelopinapositivedirection.GenerativeAIisapowerfultechnologywiththepotentialtotransformindustriesandcreatenewpossibilities.Sostayinformedabouttheseadvancementsandconsiderhowyoucancontributetoshapingafuturewheretechnologybenefitsallofhumanity.12.WhatcanwelearnaboutGenerativeAIfromthetext?A.Itisanewformofentertainment. B.Ithaschangedourlifecompletely.C.Itraisescomplexethicalproblems. D.Itistooadvancedforsocietytohandle.13.HowdoesgenerativeAIdifferfromtraditionalAIsystems?A.Itcreatesbettercontentthanhumans. B.Itisspeciallyusedinthetechindustry.C.Itfollowspresetrulestomakedecisions. D.Itgeneratesnewcontentfromloadsofdata.14.WhatisoneoftheconcernsraisedbytheriseofgenerativeAI?A.Theabilitytocreatelifelikeimages. B.Thedeclineinthedemandforhumanartists.C.ThepotentialmisuseofAI-generatedoutput. D.Thereducedawarenessofthecopyrightofworks.15.Whatistheauthor’sadvicetotheyounggeneration?A.TolimittheadvancementofAI. B.Tousetechnologyasatoolforgood.C.Tobecomegoodinnovatorsandleaders. D.Tocreatenewpossibilitiesforindustries.【答案】12.C13.D14.C15.B【语篇解读】本文是说明文。文章主要介绍了生成式人工智能（GenerativeAI）这一技术，解释了其核心原理、在各领域的应用、引发的伦理问题以及对未来的潜在影响。【12题详析】细节理解题。根据第三段“However,withgreatpowercomesgreatresponsibility.TheriseofgenerativeAIhascausedethical(道德的)debates.(然而，权力越大，责任越大。生成式人工智能的兴起引发了伦理争论)”可知，生成式人工智能引发了复杂的伦理问题。故选C项。【13题详析】细节理解题。根据第二段“GenerativeAIisasubset(子集)ofmachinelearning,abranchofartificialintelligence.UnliketraditionalAIsystemsthatfollowpresetrulestomakedecisions,generativeAIlearnsfromvastamountsofdataandcreatesnovelcontentthatisoftenindistinguishablefromhuman-generatedwork.(生成式人工智能是机器学习的一个子集，是人工智能的一个分支。与遵循预设规则做出决策的传统人工智能系统不同，生成式人工智能从大量数据中学习，并创造出与人类生成的作品难以区分的新颖内容)”可知，生成式人工智能与传统人工智能系统的不同之处在于它能够从大量数据中生成新的内容。故选D项。【14题详析】推理判断题。根据第三段“Forinstance,thepotentialfordeepfakes(深度伪造)-AI-generatedvideosorimagesthatcanbeusedtomisleadorcontrol-createssignificantrisks.(例如，深度造假的可能性——人工智能生成的视频或图像可用于误导或控制——会产生重大风险)”以及第四段“AsyouresearchdeeperintotheworldofAI,rememberthattechnologyisatool.Itcanbeusedtosolveproblemsandimprovelives,oritcanbemisused.(当你深入研究人工智能世界时，请记住技术只是一种工具。它可以用来解决问题，改善生活，也可以被滥用)”可知，生成式AI的一个担忧是其生成的内容可能被滥用。故选C项。【15题详析】细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“AsyouresearchdeeperintotheworldofAI,rememberthattechnologyisatool.Itcanbeusedtosolveproblemsandimprovelives,oritcanbemisused.It’suptoyou,asthenextgenerationofinnovatorsandleaders,tohelpAIdevelopinapositivedirection.(当你深入研究人工智能世界时，请记住技术只是一种工具。它可以用来解决问题，改善生活，也可以被滥用。作为下一代的创新者和领导者，你们有责任帮助人工智能朝着积极的方向发展)”可知，作者建议年轻一代将技术作为一种为善的工具，帮助人工智能向积极的方向发展。故选B项。第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。IworkedwithFrankwhowaskind,butquicktovoicehisopinionespeciallywhenhethoughtsomethingwasn’tright.Somemisunderstoodhisintent.___16___Thereasonforthishastodowithasimpletwo-wordphrase:healthydisagreement.Healthydisagreementistheabilitytohonestlyandrespectfullypresentanopposingopinioninsteadofsimplygoingalongwithwhat’spresented.___17___Acultureofhealthydisagreementalsoimprovesthequalityofateam’sworkbyexposingshortcomingsinsingularwaysofthinking.___18___Somepeoplehavepersonalitiesthataresimplymoreagreeable.Thisisn’tnecessarilybadbecausehighlyagreeablepeopletypicallydisplayahighdegreeofempathy.Takentoofar,agreeablenesscanalsobecomeaweakness.Itcantemptyoutoresistspeakingupwhenneeded.Anotherreasonhastodowiththewaypeopletendtoactingroups.Peoplefeelsocialpressuretoagreewithothers,evenwhentheydon’tunderstandthereasons-orevenwhen.thosereasonsdon’tmakesense.___19___Thereareafewthingsyoucandotopromoteacultureofhealthydisagreement.Don’tdisagreejustforthesakeofdisagreeing.Onewayistoaskyourself:IfIdon’tsaythis,willIregretitlater?___20___Often,it’snotwhatyousaythatpeopletakethewrongway,rather,it’showyousayit.Ifyou’rethetypewhoisn’tafraidtospeakupevenwheneveryoneelseagrees,keepdoingso.Or,ifyou’retheopposite,thenexttimesomeonespeaksuporstartstorockyourboat,resisttheurgetodismissthemas“difficult.”Rememberthevaluetheybringandthepowerofthosetwoemotionally-intelligentwords:healthydisagreement.A.Hewasafraidtobringtroubleforhimself.B.Butmostappreciatedhimforkeepingitreal.C.Healthydisagreementcanbedifficulttoachieve.D.Putsimply,peopleareoftenafraidtobedifferent.E.Whenyoudospeakup,remembertodosorespectfully.F.Itpromotescreativityandhelpsteamsavoidgroupthink.G.Withoutrespect,disagreementcaneasilyturnintopersonalattacks.【答案】16.B17.F18.C19.D20.E【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章以弗兰克为例引出“健康的分歧”这一话题，阐述了健康的分歧的定义和积极影响，分析了健康的分歧难以实现的原因，包括个人性格和群体压力等，并给出了促进健康的分歧的方法，如不要为了反对而反对、发言时要尊重等，强调了健康的分歧在团队和人际关系中的重要性。【16题详析】根据上文“IworkedwithFrankwhowaskind,butquicktovoicehisopinionespeciallywhenhethoughtsomethingwasn’tright.Somemisunderstoodhisintent.(我和弗兰克一起工作过，他很善良，但也会很快表达自己的观点，尤其是当他认为某件事不对的时候。有些人误解了他的意图。)”及下文“Thereasonforthishastodowithasimpletwo-wordphrase:healthydisagreement.(其原因与一个简单的两个词有关：健康的分歧。)”可知，虽然有些人误解他的意图，但是大多数人欣赏他直言不讳的态度，与B项“Butmostappreciatedhimforkeepingitreal.(但大多数人都赞赏他保持真实。)”上下文一致，符合文意，故选B项。【17题详析】根据上文“Healthydisagreementistheabilitytohonestlyandrespectfullypresentanopposingopinioninsteadofsimplygoingalongwithwhat’spresented.(健康的分歧是能够真诚且尊重地提出相反的观点，而不是仅仅随声附和所呈现的内容。)”可知，健康的分歧是诚实地、尊重地提出反对意见，后文应该说明其积极影响，与F项“Itpromotescreativityandhelpsteamsavoidgroupthink.(它促进创造力并帮助团队避免群体思维。)”上下文一致，符合文意，故选F项。【18题详析】根据下文“Somepeoplehavepersonalitiesthataresimplymoreagreeable.Thisisn’tnecessarilybadbecausehighlyagreeablepeopletypicallydisplayahighdegreeofempathy.Takentoofar,agreeablenesscanalsobecomeaweakness.Itcantemptyoutoresistspeakingupwhenneeded.Anotherreasonhastodowiththewaypeopletendtoactingroups.(有些人的性格只是更讨人喜欢。这不一定是坏事，因为非常和蔼可亲的人通常会表现出高度的同理心。如果走得太远，宜人性也会成为一个弱点。它会诱使你在需要时拒绝说出来。另一个原因与人们倾向于群体行为的方式有关。)”可知，健康的分歧难以实现是有原因的，空处应引出话题，与C项“Healthydisagreementcanbedifficulttoachieve.(健康的分歧可能很难实现。)”上下文一致，故选C项。【19题详析】根据上文“Peoplefeelsocialpressuretoagreewithothers,evenwhentheydon’tunderstandthereasons-orevenwhen.thosereasonsdon’tmakesense.(人们会感到社会压力，要求他们同意他人的观点，即使他们不理解其中的原因，甚至不理解何时理解。这些理由没有意义。)”可知，人们在群体中会感受到社会压力而同意他人，即使不理解原因，这说明人们害怕与众不同，与D项“Putsimply,peopleareoftenafraidtobedifferent.(简而言之，人们往往害怕与众不同。)”上下文一致，符合文意，故选D项。【20题详析】根据下文“Often,it’snotwhatyousaythatpeopletakethewrongway,rather,it’showyousayit.Ifyou’rethetypewhoisn’tafraidtospeakupevenwheneveryoneelseagrees,keepdoingso.Or,ifyou’retheopposite,thenexttimesomeonespeaksuporstartstorockyourboat,resisttheurgetodismissthemas‘difficult.’Rememberthevaluetheybringandthepowerofthosetwoemotionally-intelligentwords:healthydisagreement.(通常，人们产生误解的往往不是你说的内容，而是你说话的方式。如果你是那种即使其他人都同意也敢于直言的人，那就继续这样做。或者，如果你是相反的类型，那么下次有人直言不讳或开始扰乱你的计划时，要克制住将他们视为“难相处”的冲动。记住他们带来的价值以及那两个充满情商的词的力量：健康的分歧。)”可知，重要的是说话的方式，所以此处应该强调说话要尊重，与E项“Whenyoudospeakup,remembertodosorespectfully.(当你确实要说出来时，请记住要尊重他人。)”上下文一致，符合文意，故选E项。第三部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Manyofusspendsummersonthebeach,creatingsandcastles.Butcoulditalsobea___21___?ForsculptorHawkins,thefounderofAlabama-basedSandCastleUniversity,it’sagreatwaytostay___22___andspreadjoywhileteachingskills.Hawkinsbeganher___23___asasandsculptorwhilestillincollegeafterseeingajoblisting.After___24___thenecessaryskills,shepursuedherpassionby___25___thesandcastleuniversity.“Everything___26___together-thesandwasperfect,theweatherwasperfect-andwhenIfinished,Iknewitwassomethingtobe___27___of!”Asshecarves,Hawkinsneedstobe___28___,becauseanythingcanhappenintheopen-airartstudio,thebadweatherorotherdifficulties.Butthese___29___arewhatshelovesaboutcreatingthesebriefsculptures.Herbusinessisexpanding,whileshe’scontinuingto____30____herownskills.Lastyear,shetookonadragonsculptureforthefirsttime.Gettingthedetailsofthescalesandteethtookalotof____31____andtime,butwasworthitintheend.Hawkinshopestoshowthatsandsculptingcanbea____32____careerandafun,creativeactivityforanyonelookingto____33____digitaldevicesandspendsometimeatthebeach.“Thereareimportant____34____tosandsculpting,”shesays.“Youhavetopracticeandpractice.Don’tbediscouragedby____35____.Ifyoumakemistakes,itmeansyou’retryinghard!”21.A.hobby B.career C.dream D.reality.22.A.calm B.busy C.positive D.creative23.A.journey B.study C.plan D.business24.A.teaching B.acquiring C.noticing D.testing25.A.attending B.changing C.opening D.visiting26.A.woke B.turned C.stopped D.came27.A.afraid B.free C.careful D.proud28.A.attentive B.curious C.brave D.determined29.A.opportunities B.achievements C.challenges D.differences30.A.sharpen B.use C.value D.display31.A.money B.support C.patience D.courage32.A.comfortable B.crazy C.practical D.stable33.A.stepawayfrom B.makeuseof C.playwith D.wipeout34.A.activities B.lessons C.developments D.experiences35.A.ignorance B.refusal C.misfortune D.failure【答案】21.B22.D23.A24.B25.C26.D27.D28.A29.C30.A31.C32.C33.A34.B35.D【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。讲述了沙雕艺术家霍金斯的故事。她在大学期间看到工作清单后开始了沙雕艺术之旅，后来开办了沙堡大学。她认为堆沙堡不仅可以成为一种保持创造力、传播快乐的活动，还可以成为一种稳定的职业。她在创作过程中面临各种挑战，但也乐在其中。同时，她希望通过自己的经历展示沙雕艺术的魅力，鼓励人们远离电子设备，参与到沙雕创作中来，并强调了在沙雕创作中不断练习以及不要因失败而气馁的重要性。【21题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：但这也可以是一份职业吗？A.hobby爱好；B.career事业；C.dream梦想；D.reality现实。根据下文“careerandafun”可知，这里是在问堆沙堡是否能成为一种职业，故选B项。【22题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：对于阿拉巴马州沙堡大学的创始人、雕塑家霍金斯来说，这是一种在教授技能的同时保持创造力并传播快乐的好方法。A.calm冷静的；B.busy忙碌的；C.positive积极的；D.creative有创造力的。根据上文“ForsculptorHawkins,thefounderofAlabama-basedSandCastleUniversity”可知，作为雕塑家，堆沙堡这个行为本身是具有创造性的，且与后面的“spreadjoywhileteachingskills”相呼应，体现这种活动的创造性优点，故选D项。【23题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：霍金斯在大学期间看到了一份工作信息，开始了她作为沙雕家的旅程。A.journey旅程；B.study学习；C.plan计划；D.business商业。根据上文“Hawkinsbeganher”及下文“asasandsculptorwhilestillincollegeafterseeingajoblisting”可知，此处强调她开始从事沙雕艺术家这个经历的过程，就像一段旅程一样，而不是单纯的学习、计划或者商业活动，故选A项。【24题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：在获得必要的技能后，她通过开办沙堡大学来追求自己的爱好。A.teaching教学；B.acquiring获得，学到；C.noticing注意到；D.testing测试。根据下文“thenecessaryskills”可知，应该是先学到技能，才能进一步开展其他活动，故选B项。【25题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：在获得必要的技能后，她通过开办沙堡大学来追求自己的热情。A.attending参加；B.changing更换；C.opening开放；D.visiting探访。根据下文“thesandcastleuniversity”可知，是开办学校来推广沙雕艺术，故选C项。【26题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：“一切都一起出现——沙子很完美，天气也很完美——当我完成的时候，我知道这是一件值得自豪的事情！”A.woke醒来；B.turned转身；C.stopped停止；D.came来，到达。根据下文“thesandwasperfect,theweatherwasperfect—andwhenIfinished”可知，此处是指一切都是一起出现的，cometogether是固定短语，意思是“结合，一起出现”，在这里形容各种有利条件同时出现，故选D项。【27题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：“一切都很是一起出现的——沙子很完美，天气也很完美——当我完成的时候，我知道这是一件值得自豪的事情！”A.afraid害怕的；B.free自由的；C.careful小心的；D.proud自豪的。根据上文“thesandwasperfect”可知，她完成作品的感受及对作品的认可，应是自豪的，故选D项。【28题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在雕刻时，霍金斯需要专心致志，因为在露天艺术工作室里任何事情都可能发生，恶劣的天气或其他困难。A.attentive专心的；B.curious好奇的；C.brave勇敢的；D.determined坚定的。根据下文“becauseanythingcanhappenintheopen-airartstudio,thebadweatherorotherdifficulties.”可知，在容易出现各种状况的露天环境下创作，需要集中注意力，故选A项。【29题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：但这些挑战正是她喜欢创作这些简短雕塑的原因。A.opportunities机遇；B.achievements成就；C.challenges挑战；D.differences差异。根据上文“thebadweatherorotherdifficulties”可知，这些事挑战，故选C项。【30题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：她的业务正在扩大，同时她也在不断提高自己的技能。A.sharpen提高；B.use使用；C.value重视；D.display展示。根据上文“Herbusinessisexpanding”与下文“herownskills”她的业务扩大，她需要提高自己的技能，故选A项。【31题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：获取鳞片和牙齿的细节需要很多耐心和时间，但最终是值得的。A.money金钱；B.support支持；C.patience耐心；D.courage勇气。根据上文“Gettingthe