福建省龙岩市一级校联盟2024-2025学年高二上学期11月期中考试英语试题（解析版）

高级中学名校试卷PAGEPAGE1福建省龙岩市一级校联盟2024-2025学年高二上学期11月期中英语试题第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。例：Howmuchistheshirt?A.£19.15.B.£9.18.C.£9.15.答案是C。1.Whydidthemangotothemailroomthismorning?A.Forapostcard.B.Forabankstatement.C.ForaChristmasgift.2.Whatwillthewomandothisweekend?A.Gofishing.B.Haveabarbecue.C.Workoutinthegym.3.Whatdoesthemanthinkofridinginadriverlesscar?A.It’sboring.B.It’sexciting.C.It’sdangerous.4.Howistheweathernow?A.Stormy.B.Windy.C.Sunny.5.Whatdoesthewomanmean?A.Theprojectissimple.B.SheissatisfiedwithJack.C.Jackisn’tpatientenough.第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6.Wherewasthemanonthe19thofthismonth?A.Atschool.B.Ataparty.C.Atanartshow.7.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Friends.B.Classmates.C.Workmates.听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。8.Howlonghasitbeensincethespeakerslastsaweachother?A.Aboutsixmonths.B.Nearlyayear.C.Abouttwoyears.9.Whatdidthewomanstudyincollege?A.German.B.English.C.Spanish.10.Wheredoestheconversationtakeplace?A.Overthephone.B.Atthewoman’shome.C.Onacampus.听第8段材料，回答第11至14题。11.WhydoesthewomangiveupRidgewayHouse?A.Itcoststoomuch.B.Itdoesn’tprovidemeals.C.Itisn’tavailableallyear.12.HowmuchdoesasingleroominInternationalHousecost?A.$130aweek.B.$150aweek.C.$175aweek.13.Whichofthefollowingisthewomanprobablymoreinterestedin?A.Thecomputerroom.B.Thevolleyballcourt.C.Theswimmingpool.14.Whatwillthewomandonext?A.Getthekey.B.Fillintheform.C.Paythedeposit.听第9段材料，回答第15至17题。15.Whatdidthemanmainlydoathispreviouscompany?A.Promotethewebsite.B.Producedigitalproducts.C.Monitorfashiontrends.16.Whydoesthemanwanttochangehisjob?A.Tolookforafriendlyteam.B.Toseekgreaterdevelopment.C.Togetahighersalary.17.Whatmightbetheman’sbiggestadvantageforthejob?A.Hisqualifications.B.Hisexperience.C.Hispassion.听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。18.Whatisthespeakermainlytalkingabout?A.ThestreetsofGermany.B.TheeducationofGermany.C.ThereadingcultureofGermany.19.Whatdoweknowaboutthefree-for-alllibrariesinGermany?A.Readershavetoreturnbooksontime.B.Readerscanexchangebooksforbooks.C.Readersneedtoregistertoborrowbooks.20.Whotakescareofthepublicbookshelves?A.Thelibrarystaff.B.Thelocalofficials.C.Thevolunteers.第二部分阅读理解（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。AHerearefouroftheU.S.’sleastcrowdedparks,pluswhattoseeanddointhem.ChannelIslandsNationalPark,CaliforniaTouristsfindmanywaystoexplorethisgroupoffivewildislandsoffthecoastofSantaBarbara.Beginner-friendlypaddlingtripsletvisitorstakeinabundantseacavesandwildlife,suchasgraywhalesandsealions.Strongcurrents(洋流)andshiftingweathermakegoingwithaguideasmartmove.KenaiFjordsNationalPark,AlaskaThiscoast-meets-mountainsreservetakeswildlifewatchingtothenextlevel.Usethepark’sonlymaintainedlongpathtotheoutlookoverHardingIcefieldforbreathtakingviewsofthisicylandscape.Alongtheway,keepaneyeoutforblackbears,wolvesandmountaingoats.Fromatourboat,lookoutforwhalesanddolphinsamongthewavesandsealionsandsealsonthebeaches.CarlsbadCavernsNationalPark,NewMexicoBrazilianfree-tailedbatsareastarattractionatthispark.Eachyear,thesebatsmaketheirwaybackfromtheirwintergroundsinMexicotorestinthepark’snetworkoflimestone(石灰岩)caves.AugustandSeptemberbringthebestbatwatchingwhentheyear’sbabiestaketotheskieswiththeirparents.Aroundsunset,thebatsleavethecavesbythehundredsofthousandstoeatinsects.NorthCascadesNationalPark,WashingtonKnownasthe“AmericanAlps”,thisparkholdsmorethan400milesofpathsthattakehikersandhorsebackriderstowildflowerfields,old-growthforests,glacierviewpointsandremotelakes.OnestandoutistheDesolationPeakTrail,whichleadstoamountaintopcabinwhereJackKerouac,afamous20th-centuryAmericannovelist,spentasummer.1.What’stheroleofaguideinChannelIslandsNationalPark?A.Avoidingwildanimals. B.Findingthemostattractivespots.C.Managingcurrentsandvaryingweather. D.Findingsuitablewaystoexplorewildislands.2.WhatwildlifemighttouristsseeonaboatrideinKenaiFjordsNationalPark?A.Sealionsandseals. B.Graywhalesandblackbears.C.Brazilianfree-tailedbats. D.Wolvesandmountaingoats.3.Whichparkmightappealtosomeonewholovesliterature?A.ChannelIslandsNationalPark. B.KenaiFjordsNationalPark.C.CarlsbadCavernsNationalPark. D.NorthCascadesNationalPark.【答案】1.C2.A3.D【语篇解读】本文是一篇应用文，主要介绍的是美国四个较为冷门的国家公园的相关情况。【1题详析】细节理解题。根据ChannelIslandsNationalPark,California部分“Strongcurrents(洋流)andshiftingweathermakegoingwithaguideasmartmove.(强大的洋流和多变的天气使得跟随向导是明智之举)”可知，在ChannelIslandsNationalPark中导游的作用是帮助游客应对复杂的洋流和天气变化。故选C。【2题详析】细节理解题。根据KenaiFjordsNationalPark,Alaska部分“Fromatourboat,lookoutforwhalesanddolphinsamongthewavesandsealionsandsealsonthebeaches.(在游船上，你可以看到海浪中的鲸鱼和海豚，海滩上的海狮和海豹)”可知，游客乘船游览KenaiFjordsNationalPark时可能会看到海狮和海豹。故选A。【3题详析】细节理解题。根据NorthCascadesNationalPark,Washington部分“OnestandoutistheDesolationPeakTrail,whichleadstoamountaintopcabinwhereJackKerouac,afamous20th-centuryAmericannovelist,spentasummer.(其中最引人注目的是DesolationPeakTrail，它通向一座山顶小屋，20世纪美国著名小说家JackKerouac曾在这里度过一个夏天)”可知，NorthCascadesNationalPark会吸引喜欢文学的人。故选D。B“Whenyouexperienceadifficultperiodoftime,there’snothingwrongwithcryingalittle,butyouhavetosoldieron,”accordingtolatebillionaireCharlieMunger.“Youcancry,allright.Butyoucan’tquit.”Mungersaidthatchallengingtimesareunavoidableineveryone’slife.Whatmattersishowyoudealwiththemandthenmoveon.Onthesurface,Munger’slifemayhaveappearedperfect.Hewasasuccessfullawyerandinvestor,extremelywealthy,andhelivedalong,seeminglyhappylife.Buthisstrugglesandsadnesswereintense:adivorceinhis20s,blindnessinoneeyeasaresultoffailedsurgeryandthedeathofhis9-year-oldsonTeddy,whohadleukemia(白血病).“Yourabilitytorecoverfromstrugglesordisappointments,whetherinyourpersonallifeorcareer,isessentialforyoursuccessandhappinessinthelongrun,”expertssay.Often,thatcanmeanproperlyfeelingsadorprocessingyourdisappointmentbeforemovingforward.AsMungernoted,cryingcanbeahealthywayofdoingthat.Itliterallyhelpsyouletgoofemotionalsufferingthroughthereleaseofendorphins(内啡肽),researchshows.Incontrast,repressing(压抑)thoseemotionscanmakeavarietyofmentalandphysicalhealthproblemsseverer.“Theironruleoflifeis:Everybodystruggles,”Mungersaid.Peoplewhohavethestrengthtocarryonaremorelikelytolivehappily,sometimes,learningavaluablelessonintheprocess.“It’syouronlyoption.Youcan’tbringbackthedead.Youcan’tcurethedyingchild.Youcan’tdoallkindsofthings,”saidMunger.“Youhavetomoveforward.”4.Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase“soldieron”probablymean?A.Keepgoing. B.Takeabreak. C.Staycommitted. D.Bepassionate.5.WhatcanbelearnedaboutMungeraccordingtothetext?A.Helivedalifefreeofsadnessandstress.B.Hewasalwayssuccessfulandneverfailed.C.Heexperiencedsignificantpersonallosses.D.Hewasamillionaireknownforhissuccess.6.Whatdoestheresearchsuggestabouttheroleofcryingduringtoughtimes?A.Itisatypicalsignofweakness. B.Itcanonlybebeneficialforashorttime.C.Itisahelpfulwaytoprocessemotionalpain. D.Itpromotessomeone’sabilitytorecoverimmediately.7.What’sMunger’ssuggestionfordealingwithhardtimes?A.Focusingonthepositiveaspectsoflife.B.Acceptingthechallengesandkeepingon.C.Seekingprofessionalhelptocopewithstruggles.D.Avoidingsadnessandfocusingonmovingforward.【答案】4.A5.C6.C7.B【语篇解读】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述已故亿万富翁CharlieMunger生平所经历的苦难以及他给与人们的建议：当你经历一段艰难的时期时，哭一点没什么错，但你必须继续坚持前进。【4题详析】词句猜测题。由第一段中“Whenyouexperienceadifficultperiodoftime,there’snothingwrongwithcryingalittle,butyouhavetosoldieron,(当你经历一段艰难的时期时，哭一点没什么错，但你必须，)”以及下文“Youcancry,allright.Butyoucan’tquit.(你可以哭，好吧。但你不能放弃)”可知，这里soldieron应表示“坚持”的意思。故选A项。【5题详析】推理判断题。由文章第二段“Buthisstrugglesandsadnesswereintense:adivorceinhis20s,blindnessinoneeyeasaresultoffailedsurgeryandthedeathofhis9-year-oldsonTeddy,whohadleukemia(白血病).(但他的挣扎和悲伤是强烈的：20多岁时离婚，手术失败导致一只眼睛失明，9岁的儿子Teddy死于白血病)”可知，Munger遭受了重大的个人损失。故选C项。【6题详析】细节理解题。由文章第三段“AsMungernoted,cryingcanbeahealthywayofdoingthat.Itliterallyhelpsyouletgoofemotionalsufferingthroughthereleaseofendorphins(内啡肽),researchshows.Incontrast,repressing(压抑)thoseemotionscanmakeavarietyofmentalandphysicalhealthproblemsseverer.(正如Munger所指出的那样，哭泣可能是一种健康的方式。研究表明，它通过释放内啡肽来帮助你摆脱情绪痛苦。相比之下，压抑这些情绪会使各种身心健康问题更加严重)”可知，在困难时期哭泣是一种处理情感痛苦的有效方式。故选C项。【7题详析】细节理解题。由文章最后一段“Peoplewhohavethestrengthtocarryonaremorelikelytolivehappily,sometimes,learningavaluablelessonintheprocess.‘It’syouronlyoption.Youcan’tbringbackthedead.Youcan’tcurethedyingchild.Youcan’tdoallkindsofthings,’saidMunger.‘Youhavetomoveforward.’(有力量坚持下去的人更有可能过上幸福的生活，有时会在这个过程中吸取宝贵的教训。‘这是你唯一的选择。你不能让死人复活。你无法治愈这个垂死的孩子。’Munger说，‘你不能做各种各样的事情。你必须继续前进。’)”可知，Munger建议在困难时期应接受挑战并坚持应对。故选B项。CAngusNeishdaredtohopethathisfine-lookingcattle,raisedatRodmeadFarminWilt-shire,wouldwinaprizeattheRoyalBathandWestShowlastmonth.Theannualfair,heldnearSheptonMallet,inSomerset,isEngland’soldestandgrandest.Aswellasafiercelycompetitivelivestock(家畜)parade,itfeaturesMorrisdancing,sheep-shearingandavintagefairground.Itspony-chariotracesaresecondtonone.Manycontestantsperformedspiritedlybeforealargecrowd.100,000turnedoutforsomeofthethree-dayshow.Britonsloveafair.Nooneissureexactlyhowmanyshowsthereareacrossthecountry,butatleast365daysofsuchruraleventshappenannuallyacrossthecountry.RoughlyoneintenBritonsattendthemeachyear.Itappearstheirpopularityisrising.InlateJune,itwastheturnoftheRoyalHighlandShow,nearEdinburgh,where217,000peoplebreakingarecordsetin2019rolledup.Itisestimatedthattheeventlastyearboostednearbybusinessesbyalmost£40m($51m).Whydopeoplego?Nostalgia(怀旧)isevidentlyadraw.AtBathandWest,ascoloredflagsflapped,visitorsformedqueues,boughtcreamteasandlistenedasamilitarybandplayedwartimehits.Ruralshowsalsohaveapurpose.Manyfairswerefoundedtospreadtheknowledgeofnewfarmingtechnologyamongruralpopulations.Someofthatmissionliveson.Asecondarygoalistobettereducatethosewhofloodinfromtownsandcities—urbanfolkmakeupadecentshareofthosewhopackthegrounds.Someconsumersalsocomearmedwithpowerfulknowledgeoffoodsupplychainsaswellassometimespickypersonalpreferencesfororganic,local,animal-friendlyandenvironmentallysoundproducts.LauraWilliams,oftheRoyalWelshShow,notesthatvisitorsare“muchmoreinvestedinfarmingandinterestedinwheretheirfoodcomesfrom”thaninyearspast.Alastpurpose,naturally,isforfarmerstoexcelagainsttheirrivals(竞争对手)infriendlycompetition.Inthisrespect,Mr.Neishenjoyedanutterlysuccessfulday.InafirstforBathandWest,hiscattlescoopedallfourofthetopprizesonofferintheircategories.Suchvictoriesdonotbringimmediate,largefinancialrewards,butshouldboostthereputationofhisprogram.8.Whatdoweknowaboutthefairlastmonth?A.Itwasheldintheoldestcity. B.Itwasamonthlyshow.C.Itwitnessedhighattendances. D.Ithadthefiercestcompetition.9.What’sthepurposeoftheshows?A.Tonarrowtheurban-ruralgap. B.Topromotewartimehitrecord.C.Toremovecompetitionamongfarmers. D.Toofferaninsightintofarming.10.WhatwillMr.NeishgainfromBathandWest?A.Anopportunitytoadvertise. B.Aninstantandlargeprofit.C.Amarketingstrategy. D.Anacademicreputation.11.Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleforthetext?A.Farmproducts:sweepingBritish B.Ruralshows:victors’stageC.Massesoffarmers:truewinners D.Funofthefair:gainingpopularity【答案】8.C9.D10.A11.D【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了英国人喜欢农业展会的原因。【8题详析】推理判断题。根据第一段中的“Theannualfair,heldnearSheptonMallet,inSomerset,isEngland’soldestandgrandest.(这个每年一度的展览会在萨默塞特郡谢普顿马利特附近举行，是英格兰最古老、最盛大的展览会)”和“Manycontestantsperformedspiritedlybeforealargecrowd.100,000turnedoutforsomeofthethree-dayshow.(许多选手在一大群人面前表演得很卖力。10万人参加了为期三天的展览)”可知，上个月举办的展览会是英格兰最古老、最盛大的展览会，而且有10万人参加。由此可推测出，这场展览会的出席人数很多。故选C。【9题详析】细节理解题。根据第五段中的“Asecondarygoalistobettereducatethosewhofloodinfromtownsandcities—urbanfolkmakeupadecentshareofthosewhopackthegrounds.Someconsumersalsocomearmedwithpowerfulknowledgeoffoodsupplychainsaswellassometimespickypersonalpreferencesfororganic,local,animal-friendlyandenvironmentallysoundproducts.(第二个目标是更好地教育那些从城镇涌入的人——城市居民在收拾土地的人中占了相当大的比例。一些消费者还对食品供应链有着深入的了解，有时还对有机、当地、动物友好和环保产品有着挑剔的个人偏好)”可知，举办这些展览会是为了教育那些来自城镇的人，让他们深入了解农业。故选D。【10题详析】推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“InafirstforBathandWest,hiscattlescoopedallfourofthetopprizesonofferintheircategories.Suchvictoriesdonotbringimmediate,largefinancialrewards,butshouldboostthereputationofhisprogram.(在巴斯和韦斯特的第一次比赛中，他的牛获得了他们类别中所有四个最高奖项。这样的胜利不会立即带来巨大的经济回报，但应该会提高他的计划的声誉)”可知，Neish先生所取得的胜利不会带来即时经济回报，但会提高他的计划的声誉，由此可推测出，他会从这场展览会中获得一个为自家农场做广告的机会。故选A。【11题详析】主旨大意题。根据第二段中的“Britonsloveafair.(英国人喜欢展览会)”和“Itappearstheirpopularityisrising.(看来它们的人气正在上升)”以及第四段中的“Whydopeoplego?(人们为什么要去)”并结合全文内容可知，本文主要讲述了农业展览会越来越受人们的推崇，并解释了人们喜爱它的原因，由此可推测出，D项Funofthefair:gainingpopularity(展会的乐趣：日益风行)最适合作本文标题。故选D。DThemakerofChatGPTrecentlyannounceditsnextmoveintogenerativeartificialintelligence.SanFrancisco-basedOpenAI’snewtext-to-videogenerator,calledSora,isatoolthatinstantlymakesshortvideosbasedonwrittencommands,calledprompts.Soraisnotthefirstofitskind.Google,MetaandRunwayareamongtheothercompaniestohavedevelopedsimilartechnology.ButthehighqualityofvideosdisplayedbyOpenAI—somereleasedafterCEOSamAltmanaskedsocialmediauserstosendinideasforwrittenpromptssurprisedobservers.AphotographerfromNewHampshirepostedonesuggestion,orprompt,onsocialmedia.Thepromptgavedetailsaboutakindoffoodtobecooked,gnocchi(意大利团子),aswellasthesetting,anoldItaliancountrykitchen.Thepromptsaid,“Aninstructionalcookingsessionforhomemadegnocchi,hostedbyagrandmother,asocialmediainfluencer,setinarustic(土气的)Tuscancountrykitchen.”Altmanansweredashorttimelaterwitharealisticvideothatshowedwhatthepromptdescribed.Thetoolisnotyetpubliclyavailable.OpenAIhasgivenlimitedinformationabouthowitwasbuilt.ThecompanyalsohasnotstatedwhatimageryandvideosourceswereusedtotrainSora.Atthesametime,thevideoresultsledtofearsaboutthepossiblemoralandsocialeffects.TheNewYorkTimesandsomewritershavetakenlegalactionsagainstOpenAIforitsuseofcopyrightedworksofwritingtotrainChatGPT.AndOpenAIpaysafeetoTheAssociatedPress,thesourceofthisreport,tolicenseitstextnewsfile.OpenAIsaidinablogpostthatitiscommunicatingwithartists,policymakersandothersbeforereleasingthenewtooltothepublic.Thecompanyaddedthatitisworkingwith“redteamers”,peoplewhotrytofindproblemsandgivehelpfulsuggestions,todevelopSora.“Weareworkingwithredteamers-expressinareaslikemisinformationandhatefulcontent—whowillbeadversarially(对抗地)testingthemodel,”thecompanysaid.“We’realsobuildingtoolstohelpdetectmisleadingcontentsuchasadetectionclassifierthatcantellwhenavideowasgeneratedbySora.”12.WhatmakesSoraimpressive?A.Itsrapiddevelopment. B.Itsremarkablevideoquality.C.Itsmoralandsocialinfluence. D.Itswrittencommandsandprompts.13.What’sthewritingpurposeofparagraph3?A.Togiveadefinition. B.Tomakeacomparison. C.Tointroduceatopic. D.Topresentanexample.14.Whatcanweinferfromthetext?A.Thepublichasaccesstothetooleasily.B.SomedisagreementsoverSorahavearisen.C.MuchinformationhasbeengivenonhowSorawasbuilt.D.OpenAIhavebeenapprovedforusingcopyrightedworks.15.Whatistheauthor’sattitudetowardsSora?A.Objective. B.Subjective. C.Doubtful. D.Critical.【答案】12.B13.D14.B15.A【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了OpenAI新推出了一款文本到视频生成器Sora，文章介绍了其特点以及其争议。【12题详析】细节理解题。根据文章第二段“ButthehighqualityofvideosdisplayedbyOpenAI—somereleasedafterCEOSamAltmanaskedsocialmediauserstosendinideasforwrittenpromptssurprisedobservers.(但OpenAI-some展示的高质量视频是在首席执行官SamAltman要求社交媒体用户发送书面提示的想法后发布的，令观察人士感到惊讶。)”可知，Sora让人印象深刻的是其非凡的视频质量，故选B。【13题详析】推理判断题。根据第三段“AphotographerfromNewHampshirepostedonesuggestion,orprompt,onsocialmedia.Thepromptgavedetailsaboutakindoffoodtobecooked,gnocchi(意大利团子),aswellasthesetting,anoldItaliancountrykitchen.Thepromptsaid,“Aninstructionalcookingsessionforhomemadegnocchi,hostedbyagrandmother,asocialmediainfluencer,setinarustic(土气的)Tuscancountrykitchen.”Altmanansweredashorttimelaterwitharealisticvideothatshowedwhatthepromptdescribed.(一位来自新罕布什尔州的摄影师在社交媒体上发布了一个建议或提示。这个提示详细描述了一种要烹饪的食物——意大利团子（gnocchi），以及烹饪的地点——一间意大利乡村老厨房。提示中写道：“由一位祖母（也是一位社交媒体影响者）主持，在一间质朴的托斯卡纳乡村厨房里，进行一场自制意大利团子的烹饪教学。”不久后，Altman就用一段逼真的视频回应了这个提示，视频内容正是提示中所描述的。)”可知，第三段主要讲的是一位来自新罕布什尔州的摄影师在社交媒体上发布了一个关于烹饪意大利团子（gnocchi）的建议或提示，因此目的是举一个具体的例子，故选D。【14题详析】推理判断题。根据第四段“OpenAIhasgivenlimitedinformationabouthowitwasbuilt.ThecompanyalsohasnotstatedwhatimageryandvideosourceswereusedtotrainSora.Atthesametime,thevideoresultsledtofearsaboutthepossiblemoralandsocialeffects.(OpenAI对其构建过程提供了有限的信息。该公司也没有说明使用了哪些图像和视频来源来训练Sora。与此同时，视频结果引发了人们对可能产生的道德和社会影响的担忧。)”可知，在Sora问题上出现了一些分歧。故选B。【15题详析】推理判断题。根据第一段“ThemakerofChatGPTrecentlyannounceditsnextmoveintogenerativeartificialintelligence.SanFrancisco-basedOpenAI’snewtext-to-videogenerator,calledSora,isatoolthatinstantlymakesshortvideosbasedonwrittencommands,calledprompts.(ChatGPT的制造商最近宣布了其在生成式人工智能领域的下一步行动。总部位于旧金山的OpenAI公司的新文本到视频生成器名为Sora，它是一种根据书面命令（称为提示）即时制作短视频的工具。)”可知，本文主要介绍了OpenAI新推出了一款文本到视频生成器Sora，全文作者客观的在陈述Sora的特点、社会对其的争议以及该公司为了Sora的改进所做的努力，故可推知作者对Sora的态度是客观的，故选A。第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Whyisacompliment(称赞)sopowerful?Oneofthemostimportantthingstohumansistofeelvaluedandrespectedbyothers,saysVanessaBohns,asocialpsychologist,whohasresearchedcompliments.___16___Withthatinmind,weaskedhertosharesomeofherfavoritecompliments.“Youhandledthatsituationsowell.”Bohnsrecentlyusedherfavoritecomplimentwhenshesawaserveraddressadifficultsituationwithacustomeratthebar.“IlikeitsomuchbecauseyouuseitinanxiousmomentswheretheotherpersonisoftenunsureofwhethertheyhandledasituationOK,”shesays.___17___Giveyourcomplimentsgenerously.Peoplesometimesworrythatthey’regoingoverandwillstarttosoundinsincere.Thatconcernisunfounded.“___18___”Thiscompliment—oneofBohns’favorites—workswellamongromanticpartnersandclosefamilymembers.“It’sabeautifulwaytostresshowtheirpresenceturnslifeintosomethingmeaningful,despiteboringroutinesofoureverydaylives,”shesays.Ifyou’reafraidthatgivingacomplimentlikethiswillfeelstrange,you’renotalone.___19___Ifitmakesyoupersonallyfeellikethebarisloweredforyoutogiveacomplimentifyouwriteitdown,orifyoupracticesayingitoutloudorgivingyourpetcatthecomplimentfirst,dothat.“Hey,greatdress!”Feelfreetocomplimentstrangers.InBohns’research,studentsonacollegecampusweretoldtoapproachastrangerofthesamegenderandcomplimentthemabout,forexample,theirniceshirt.Beforeheadingout,thestudyparticipantstendedtounderestimatetheirpositiveeffectwhileoverestimatinghowannoyingitwouldbe.Acrossallcontexts,strangersaremorelikelytobepleasedthanconfused.Plus,whoknows?___20___A.Respectisvitalwhenyoudelivercompliments.B.Youmakeevenordinarymomentsfeelextraordinary.C.Onewaytoovercomethisfearistodoapracticerun.D.Insituationsthatcallforacompliment,don’thesitate.E.Youbringoutthebestinpeoplewhengivingacompliment.F.Youmightmakeanewfriendinadditiontomakingsomeone’sday.G.Sheholdsthatpeoplefeelbetteraftergivingandreceivingacompliment.【答案】16.G17.D18.B19.C20.F【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要通过引用社会心理学家VanessaBohns的研究和观点，来阐述赞美的重要性和如何有效地给予赞美。【16题详析】根据上文“Whyisacompliment(称赞)sopowerful?Oneofthemostimportantthingstohumansistofeelvaluedandrespectedbyothers,saysVanessaBohns,asocialpsychologist,whohasresearchedcompliments.(为什么赞美如此有力？研究赞美的社会心理学家凡妮莎·博恩斯说，对人类来说，最重要的事情之一就是感受到他人的重视和尊重。)”可知，这里讲赞美可让我们感受到他人的重视和尊重。而G项Sheholdsthatpeoplefeelbetteraftergivingandreceivingacompliment.(她认为，人们在给予和接受赞美后会感觉更好。)符合语境，其中She指代上文VanessaBohns,asocialpsychologist，且feelbetter与上文feelvaluedandrespectedbyothers对应，所以本句有承上作用。故选G项。【17题详析】根据下文“Giveyourcomplimentsgenerously.Peoplesometimesworrythatthey’regoingoverandwillstarttosoundinsincere.Thatconcernisunfounded.(慷慨地给出你的赞美。人们有时担心它们会过头，听起来会不真诚。这种担忧是没有根据的。)”可知，这里主要讲要慷慨地给出你的赞美，而D项Insituationsthatcallforacompliment,don’thesitate.(在需要赞美的情况下，不要犹豫。)符合语境，don’thesitate与下文Giveyourcomplimentsgenerously对应，所以本句有启下作用。故选D项。【18题详析】根据下文“Thiscompliment—oneofBohns’favorites—workswellamongromanticpartnersandclosefamilymembers.‘It’sabeautifulwaytohighlighthowtheirpresenceturnslifeintosomethingmeaningful,despiteboringroutinesofoureverydaylives,’shesays.(这是博恩斯最喜欢的赞美之一，在恋人和亲密的家庭成员之间很管用。她说：‘这是一种美丽的方式，突显了他们的存在如何让生活变得有意义，尽管我们的日常生活很无聊。’)”可知，这个赞美适合浪漫伴侣和亲密的家庭成员之间使用，强调对方的存在如何使生活变得有意义，所以B项Youmakeevenordinarymomentsfeelextraordinary.(你让平凡的时刻变得不平凡)符合文意，对下文有总括作用。故选B项。【19题详析】根据上文“Ifyou’reafraidthatgivingacomplimentlikethiswillfeelstrange,you’renotalone.(如果你害怕这样的赞美会让你觉得奇怪，那么你并不孤单)”以及下文“Ifitmakesyoupersonallyfeellikethebarisloweredforyoutogiveacomplimentifyouwriteitdown,orifyoupracticesayingitoutloudorgivingyourpetcatthecomplimentfirst,dothat.(如果你把赞美的话写下来，或者你先练习大声说出来，或者先赞美你的宠物猫，这会让你觉得赞美的门槛降低，那就去做吧)”可知，空格需要提供一个克服这种担忧的方法，所以C项Onewaytoovercomethisfearistodoapracticerun.(克服这种恐惧的一个方法是进行练习)与这个语境非常吻合，它直接回应了前文的担忧，并提供了后文所描述的建议。故选C项。【20题详析】根据上文“Feelfreetocomplimentstrangers.InBohns’research,studentsonacollegecampusweretoldtoapproachastrangerofthesamegenderandcomplimentthemabout,forexample,theirniceshirt.Beforeheadingout,thestudyparticipantstendedtounderestimatetheirpositiveeffectwhileoverestimatinghowannoyingitwouldbe.Acrossallcontexts,strangersaremorelikelytobepleasedthanconfused.Plus,whoknows?(你可以随意赞美陌生人。在博恩斯的研究中，大学校园里的学生被要求接近一个同性陌生人并赞美他们——比如，赞美他们漂亮的衬衫。在出发之前，研究参与者往往低估了他们的积极影响，而高估了他们会有多烦人。在所有情况下，陌生人更容易感到高兴而不是困惑。另外，谁知道呢?)”可知，F项Youmightmakeanewfriendinadditiontomakingsomeone’sday.(除了让别人开心之外，你还可能交到一个新朋友)与这个语境非常吻合，描述了赞美陌生人可能带来的社交好处，是对前文方法的总结。故选F项。第三部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。MaxHaniscontributingtobringingaboutenvironmentalchangethroughYouthsUnitedForEarth(YUFE).Whenhewas19,he___21___thegrass-rootsorganizationwithhisfriend,NurfatinHamzah.Thegroup’saimistocreatea___22___planet.Now22,HanisagraduatestudentinenvironmentalscienceatYaleUniversity.He___23___inMalaysia,anAsiancountry.RecentlyIspokewithhimaboutthe___24___behindhisenvironmentalefforts.TheirYUFEbegan,hesaid,withanimportant___25___:Peoplearemoremotivatedtoseekchangewhentheylearnabout___26___environmentalissues.Forexample,HannoticedthatmanyyoungMalaysians,awareofthe___27___topolarbears,tookappropriateactions.___28___,theyknewlittleaboutdeforestation(毁林)inMalaysia,whoseeffectshewitnessedgrowingup.“Weneedtostartlocalizingourclimatenarratives(叙述)sincepeopleareespecially___29___toactuponissuesthatarefamiliartothem,”Hantoldme.“They’ll____30____tosavethethingstheylove.”YUFE’smissionisto____31____kidsaboutenvironmentalchallengesandinspirecollectiveaction.Hanemphasizesthevitalroleyoungpeople,includinghimself,playin____32____climatechange.“Whateverwe____33____inexperience,”hesaid,“wemakeupforinpassion.”Thisyear,HanwasawardedtheDianaAwardforhisefforts.Hehassetupaprogramforyoungpeople____34____tocareersinenvironmentalscience.Hanis____35____ofthenecessitytoprotecttheplanetforfuturegenerations.21.A.joined B.promoted C.founded D.expanded22.A.larger B.better C.heavier D.smoother23.A.grewup B.brokeup C.showedup D.cheeredup24.A.result B.confusion C.principle D.inspiration25.A.policy B.agreement C.observation D.assessment26.A.global B.artificial C.local D.virtual27.A.threat B.approach C.attachment D.response28.A.Instead B.However C.Gradually D.Similarly29.A.likely B.unwilling C.grateful D.worthy30.A.refuse B.prefer C.pretend D.fight31.A.ask B.interview C.educate D.bother32.A.addressing B.causing C.showing D.making33.A.obey B.lack C.teach D.forget34.A.opposed B.exposed C.addicted D.devoted35.A.informed B.warned C.reminded D.convinced【答案】21.C22.B23.A24.D25.C26.C27.A28.B29.A30.D31.C32.A33.B34.D35.D【语篇解读】本文是一篇新闻报道，主要讲的是MaxHan通过YouthsUnitedForEarth(YUFE)这一组织为环境改变做出的贡献。【21题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：当他19岁时，他与他的朋友NurfatinHamzah创立了这个草根组织。A.joined