北京中考英语5年真题汇编-教师版-专题07 任务型阅读

北京中考英语5年真题汇编——专题07任务型阅读【五年考情回顾】年份体裁主题内容2024年记叙文本文介绍了作者反思过度关注运动数据带来的负面影响，强调运动的目的是提升生活质量，而非仅仅追求数字上的进步。2023年记叙文主要讲述了作者100天不使用手机的经历，一开始不使用手机会让人很焦虑，但是三周后发生了很多可喜的变化，作者注意力更集中，可以更好地发现这个世界的美。2022年记叙文作者在朋友的鼓励下跟着视频进行锻炼，这是方便又节省时间的选择。2021年说明文本文向我们介绍学校的无屏幕日，起初学生认为这是不可能的，但是慢慢发现无屏幕日带来更多的是好处。2020年记叙文本文主要讲AnnaDu十二岁时就制作了自己的遥控潜水器，她从小就对STEM感兴趣，长大后想成为一名工程师，帮助解决世界问题。（2024·北京·中考真题）阅读短文，根据短文内容回答问题。Recently,Istartedtouseanapptokeeparecordofmyrunning.EachrunIwantedtogoalittlefarther,runalittlefasterandburnmorecalories(卡路里).LastnightIfinishedan8.3-kmrunin46minutesandburnt468calories.Incomparison,myruntwodaysagowas8.6kmin46minuteswith483caloriesburnt.Thisinnerself-comparisonleftmefeelingdisappointed.Ibecamesofocused(专注的)onthenumbersthatIforgottoconsiderwhatIachieved.Thesetinydifferencesinnumberskeptmeawayfromthebiggerpicture:howdidIactuallyfeelaftercompletingmymostrecentrun?Well,honestly,Iwascompletelytiredout.Whatgoodisrunningtobeatyourtopscoreifyoudon’tfeelontop?Weshouldexerciseforthepurposeofbuildingourconfidence.Andworkingoutharderandfastermayservethatpurpose.Butconfidencebuildingcomeswithbeingabletodomoreinourday-to-daylife,experiencinglesspainandmorefreedominmovement,andfeelinggoodafteraworkout.Fitnessshouldhelpuswithourquality(质量)oflife,theabilitytosleep,goodmemory,amongotherthings.Fitnessshouldnotjustcomewiththeeagernessforthesuccessinnumbers.Inourbusylives,weonlyhavelimitedtimeforfitness.Whenwedophysicalexercise,weshouldvaluewhatfeelsgoodoverwhatlooksorsoundsgood.Sometimeswhatservesusandourhealthiscominghomeanddoingalightworkout,likegoingonashortbikeride.Sometimeswhatservesusissimplygoingtosleepat9:30p.m.insteadofforcingourselvesintoaworkout.Appsofthiskindareagreatwayforustokeepaneyeonourhealth.Butdon’treadintothenumberstothepointwhereyouloseoutonfeelingproudthatyouaretakingcareofyourself.Somyadviceis:whenyoudophysicalexercise,makesureyoufeelgoodaboutyourselfoverfeelinggoodaboutthenumbers.34．Whydidthewriterstarttousetheapp?___________________________________________________________________________________________35．Whatdidthewriterforgettoconsiderwhenhebecametoofocusedonthenumbers?___________________________________________________________________________________________36．Whenyoudophysicalexercise,whichdoyouthinkismoreimportantfeelinggoodaboutyourselforfeelinggoodaboutthenumbers?Why?(Pleasegivetworeasons.)___________________________________________________________________________________________37．Whenyoudophysicalexercise,whichdoyouthinkismoreimportant,feelinggoodaboutyourselforfeelinggoodaboutthenumbers?Why?(Pleasegivetworeasons.)___________________________________________________________________________________________【答案】34.Tokeeparecordofhisrunning.35.Heforgottoconsiderwhatheachieved.36.Buildingourconfidence.37.Feelinggoodaboutyourselfismoreimportantthanfeelinggoodaboutthenumbers.Becauseexerciseshouldimproveourqualityoflifeandfeelinggoodaboutyourselfismoremotivatingandsustainable.【解析】【导语】本文介绍了作者反思过度关注运动数据带来的负面影响，强调运动的目的是提升生活质量，而非仅仅追求数字上的进步。【34题详解】根据“Recently,Istartedtouseanapptokeeparecordofmyrunning.”可知，作者开始使用一个应用程序来记录跑步情况。故填Tokeeparecordofhisrunning.【35题详解】根据“Ibecamesofocused(专注的)onthenumbersthatIforgottoconsiderwhatIachieved.”可知，作者忘记了考虑他所取得的。故填Heforgottoconsiderwhatheachieved.【36题详解】根据“Weshouldexerciseforthepurposeofbuildingourconfidence.”可知，我们应该为了建立我们的信心而锻炼。故填Buildingourconfidence.【37题详解】开放性试题，言之有理即可。例如，自我感觉良好比数字感觉良好更重要。锻炼可以提高我们的生活质量。自我感觉良好更有动力，也更持久。故填Feelinggoodaboutyourselfismoreimportantthanfeelinggoodaboutthenumbers.Becauseexerciseshouldimproveourqualityoflifeandfeelinggoodaboutyourselfismoremotivatingandsustainable.（2023·北京·中考真题）阅读短文，根据短文内容回答问题。My100DaysWithoutaMobilePhoneWhenwasthelasttimeyoulefthomewithoutyourmobilephone?Canyouimagineyourselflivingamonth,orevenayearwithoutcheckingyourmobilephonefromtimetotime?Asabusymodernpersonwithlotsofsocialconnections,plansandresponsibilities,Ijustcannotaffordtonotbeintouchwiththerestoftheworld.Stayingconnectedtootherpeopleisabigpartofmylife.However,sometimesitcanbebothersome(恼人的).OnedayIdiscoveredIwasterriblytiredout.Itriedturningnotifications(通知)off.Butthefearofmissingoutsomethingimportantmademecheckthephonemoreoftenthanbefore.So,Isimplystoppedusingmyphone.Well,totellthetruth,itwasnotsimpleatall.Forthefirstcoupleofdays,Ihadabigfearthatallofmyfriendswouldsoonforgetaboutme.WhenIhadafreemoment,Ihadnoideawhattogetmyselfdistracted(分心的)with,andtheworriesmixedwithboredomkeptbotheringme.However,afterthreeweekswithoutamobilephone,Istartednoticingchanges—changeswhichIliked,andwhichdrovemetonotjustcontinuetheexperiment,butinfacttoreorganizesomeofmyhabits.Firstofall,InoticedthatIbecamemuchmorefocused(专注的).Before,whiledoingsomething,Iwouldoftenfindmyselfwonderingwhatwasgoingononline.Afteramonthofstayingawayfrommymobilephone,Ifoundthattheurge(冲动)wasalreadynotthatstrongandthatmyabilitytofocusimproved.Idiscoveredthattheworldisabeautifulplace.Before,Iwouldlookatitthroughmycameramostly:takeaphoto,postit,getsomelikes.Now,IsawbeautifulpeoplewalkingaroundandIsensedtheseasonschange.Icouldunderstandtheactualbeautyoftheworld,andIdidnotneedanyoneelsetoprovethevalueofthisbeautythroughlikesorshares.Now,as100dayshavepassed,Icansaythattheexperimentwasworthit.Iamplanningtostayawayfrommyphoneforaslongaspossible.1．Whatmadethewritercheckthephonemoreoftenthanbefore?2．Whendidthewriterstartnoticinghischanges?3．Whatdoesthewriterplantodowithhisphoneaftertheexperiment?4．Wouldyouliketofollowthewriter’sexample?Whyorwhynot?(Pleasegivetworeasons.)【答案】1．Thefearofmissingoutsomethingimportant.2．Afterthreeweeks.3．Stayawayfromthephoneforaslongaspossible.4．Yes,I’dliketo.BecauseIalsowanttobemorefocused,andIwouldliketoseethebeautifulworldthroughmyeyes./No.BecauseIcanusethephonetoknowmorenewsabouttheworld.AndIcanplaygamesinmyfreetime.【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了作者100天不使用手机的经历，一开始不使用手机会让人很焦虑，但是三周后发生了很多可喜的变化，作者注意力更集中，可以更好地发现这个世界的美。1．根据“Butthefearofmissingoutsomethingimportantmademecheckthephonemoreoftenthanbefore.”可知害怕错过重要的消息让作者查看手机更频繁了。故填Thefearofmissingoutsomethingimportant.2．根据“However,afterthreeweekswithoutamobilephone,Istartednoticingchanges—changeswhichIliked,andwhichdrovemetonotjustcontinuetheexperiment,butinfacttoreorganizesomeofmyhabits.”可知三周后作者开始注意到自己的改变。故填Afterthreeweeks.3．根据“Iamplanningtostayawayfrommyphoneforaslongaspossible.”可知作者计划尽可能长时间地远离手机。故填Stayawayfromthephoneforaslongaspossible.4．主观发挥题，言之有理即可。故填Yes,I’dliketo.BecauseIalsowanttobemorefocused,andIwouldliketoseethebeautifulworldthroughmyeyes./No.BecauseIcanusethephonetoknowmorenewsabouttheworld.AndIcanplaygamesinmyfreetime.（2022·北京·中考真题）阅读短文，根据短文内容回答问题。WorkingOutthroughOnlineVideosPhysicalexerciseisgoodforourmind,bodyandspirit.Today,workingoutthroughonlinevideosisbecomingverypopular.SincetheInternetiswidelyused,it’sveryeasyforustodoso.Thatmeanswecanworkoutanytimeanywhere.Oneofmyfriends,LinFei.followedshortworkoutvideostododailyexercise.“Withliveprograms,Ifeellikeworkingoutwithmyfriends,whichencouragesmetoholdontothelastminute.”shesaid.Anotherfriendofmine,Michael,toldmethatworkoutvideoslethimfeelsocomfortable.“Ihaveafearofworkingoutatthegym（健身房）becauseIdon’tlikebeingwatchedbyothers.Workingoutathomemakesworkingoutmuchmoreenjoyable.”hesaid.Withtheirexamples,Idecidedtogiveitatry.WhenItoldmyplantomyeldersister,aP.E.teacher,sheremindedmethatworkoutvideoscouldbehelpfulbutmightstillcarrysomeproblems.“Withoutbeingwithsomeoneinperson,youwillbelesswilling（愿意的）toworkouttoyourbest.Workingoutatthegymallowsyoutohaveadviceinrealtimeandgetpushedharder.”mysistersaidtome.“Well,ifyoureallywanttohaveatry.first,chooseproperprogramsorvideos.That’sveryimportant.Andthenaskyourfriendsforadvice.Theirexperiencescangiveyouagoodsightintowhatyoucanexpect.Anyway,don’tbeaddicted（沉迷的）toit.Youshouldtrydifferentwaystoworkouttobehealthy.”Athersuggestions,Ifinallyfollowedanonlineworkoutprogramwithpersonalizedhelpthatisheldforthreemonths.Afterthefirstperiodoftraining,IfeltitverypracticalandhelpfulwhenIputintherightamount（量）ofworkalongwithastrongwill.Comparedwithgoingtothegym,usingonlinevideostoworkoutisamuchcheaperandtime-savingchoice.ButitcanbedifficultsometimeswhenI’mtoolazyortoobusytosticktoit.5．Whichwaytoworkoutisbecomingverypopulartoday?6．WhydoesMichaeldislikeworkingoutatthegym?7．Whatistheproblemofworkingoutwithoutsomeoneelseinperson?8．Howdidthewriterfeelabouthisfirstperiodoftraining?9．Wouldyouliketofollowonlinevideostoworkout?Whyorwhynot?【答案】5．Workingoutthroughonlinevideos.6．Becausehedoesn’tlikebeingwatchedbyothers.7．Withoutbeingwithsomeoneinperson,youwillbelesswillingtoworkouttoyourbest.8．Itisverypracticalandhelpful.9．Yes.BecauseIfeelfreeandrelaxedwhenIfollowonlinevideostoworkout.Itdoesn’tcostmoneyandsavesmytime.【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，作者在朋友的鼓励下跟着视频进行锻炼，这是方便又节省时间的选择。5．根据“Today,workingoutthroughonlinevideosisbecomingverypopular.”可知，如今，通过在线视频健身变得非常流行。故填Workingoutthroughonlinevideos.6．根据“IhaveafearofworkingoutatthegymbecauseIdon’tlikebeingwatchedbyothers.”可知，Michael害怕在健身房锻炼，因为不喜欢被别人注视。故填Becausehedoesn’tlikebeingwatchedbyothers.7．根据“Withoutbeingwithsomeoneinperson,youwillbelesswillingtoworkouttoyourbest.”可知，如果没有和某人在一起，你就不太愿意努力做到最好。故填Withoutbeingwithsomeoneinperson,youwillbelesswillingtoworkouttoyourbest.8．根据“Afterthefirstperiodoftraining,IfeltitverypracticalandhelpfulwhenIputintherightamountofworkalongwithastrongwill.”可知，在第一阶段的训练后，我觉得我投入了适量的工作和坚强的意志，这是非常实际和有用的。故填Itisverypracticalandhelpful.9．本题属于开放性试题，言之有理即可。参考答案：Yes.BecauseIfeelfreeandrelaxedwhenIfollowonlinevideostoworkout.Itdoesn’tcostmoneyandsavesmytime.（2021·北京·中考真题）Screen-FreeDaysIrememberthefirsttimeIsuggestedscreen-freedaysinourschooltosomeofourstudentleaders.Jokingly,Isaidtothegroup,“Whatdoyouthinkifwegoaweekwithoutusingourlaptopsorsmartphones?”Theylaughed,andoneofthemsaid,“Noway,Mr.White.Theywouldbetoomuch.”Icouldfeeltheirworry,andtoldthemthatIwasonlyconsideringsinglescreen-freedays.

Eventhatidealeftthemfeelingupset.Accordingtoasurveywedid,moststudentsinourschoolspendaboutsixhoursadayonscreens.Manyofmystudentsstarttheirdaybycheckingtheirsmartphones.Ioftenseethemlookingattheirphoneswhengettingoffthebusoratparents’drop-off,theycan’tusetheirown“screens”atschool.Theyusuallyworkoncomputersatschoolforatleasttwohoursduringtheday.It’sclearthatourstudentsspendalotoftimeonscreens.Wedoseethebenefitsoftechnology.However,weteachersalsowanttomakesurethatstudentshavebalancedlearningandsocialexperiencesawayfromtheirscreens.

That’swhywehavecomeupwiththeideaofscreen-freedays.Duringthecourseoftheyear,wehavebuiltinseveralscreen-freedaysthatrequireustomakedifferentplansforourstudentsabouthowtheywillcommunicatewithoneanotherandtheworldaroundthemwithout“screens”.

Forsometeachers,thismeansbringingbackavaluablelessonplanthathasbeenputoffforsometimebecauseitis“outofdate”.Othershavedesignedsomethingcompletelynew.Funactivities,forexample,cardgamesandroomescape(密室逃脱)games,areorganizedatschool.Intheseactivities,studentssocializewithoutsmartphonesandhaveface-to-facecommunicationwithoutcheckingon“likes”they’vegotonline.Thesefunactivitiesalsomakeitpossibleforthewholegradetoenjoythecompanyoftheirfriendswithnosmartphones.Afterourfirstscreen-freeday,studentsmentionedthattheyweresurprisedtheyenjoyedit.

Findingwaystohelpourstudentsconnectwithoneanotherisimportant.Whiletechnologyisalreadypartofourworld,itshouldn’tplaysuchanimportantroleinalearner’slife.10．Howmanyhoursdomoststudentsintheschoolspendonscreenseveryday?___________________________________________________________________11．Whyhavetheteacherscomeupwiththeideaofscreen-freedays?___________________________________________________________________12．Whatfunactivitiescanthestudentshaveatschool?___________________________________________________________________13．Howdidthestudentsfeelafterthefirstscreen-freeday?___________________________________________________________________14．Whatdoyouthinkoftheideaofscreen-freedays?Whydoyouthinkso?___________________________________________________________________【答案】10．Theyspendaboutsixhoursonscreenseveryday.11．Becausetheywanttomakesurethatstudentshavebalancedlearningandsocialexperiencesawayfromtheirscreens.12．Theycanhavefunactivitieslikecardgamesandroomescapegames.13．Theyweresurprisedtheyenjoyedit.14．本题属于开放性试题，言之有理即可。参考答案：Ithinkitisagoodidea.Becauseitisnotonlygoodforourhealthbutalsohelpsuskeepagoodrelationshipwithrealfriends.【分析】本文向我们介绍学校的无屏幕日，起初学生认为这是不可能的，但是慢慢发现无屏幕日带来更多的是好处。10．根据“Accordingtoasurveywedid,moststudentsinourschoolspendaboutsixhoursadayonscreens.”可知，根据调查，学校的大多数学生每天花大约6小时在屏幕上。故填Theyspendaboutsixhoursonscreenseveryday.11．根据“However,weteachersalsowanttomakesurethatstudentshavebalancedlearningandsocialexperiencesawayfromtheirscreens.That’swhywehavecomeupwiththeideaofscreen-freedays.”可知，我们老师也希望确保学生在远离屏幕的情况下能够平衡学习和社交体验，这就是提出“无屏幕日”理念的原因。故填Becausetheywanttomakesurethatstudentshavebalancedlearningandsocialexperiencesawayfromtheirscreens.12．根据“Funactivities,forexample,cardgamesandroomescape(密室逃脱)games,areorganizedatschool.”可知，学校组织了一些有趣的活动，比如纸牌游戏和密室逃生游戏。故填Theycanhavefunactivitieslikecardgamesandroomescapegames.13．根据“Afterourfirstscreen-freeday,studentsmentionedthattheyweresurprisedtheyenjoyedit.”可知，在第一个无屏幕日之后，学生们提到，他们很惊讶自己能喜欢它。故填Theyweresurprisedtheyenjoyedit.14．本题属于开放性试题，言之有理即可。参考答案：Ithinkitisagoodidea.Becauseitisnotonlygoodforourhealthbutalsohelpsuskeepagoodrelationshipwithrealfriends.（2020·北京·中考真题）This12-year-oldGirlBuiltaRobottoFindPlasticsintheOceanAnnaDuwaswalkingalongthebeachwhenshenoticedplasticsthere.Shereacheddowntopickthemup,andquicklyrealizedthereweremanymoretinypiecesthanshecoulddealwith.Itseemedimpossibletocleanthemallup.Du,12yearsoldatthetime,triedtosolvetheproblemlikeanygoodscientist—first,bydoingalittleresearch.That’showshelearnedthat8milliontonsofplasticsendupintheoceanseveryyear.Thenshegottoworkbuildingsomethingthatcouldhelpsolvetheproblem;aremote-operatedvehicle(遥控潜水器),orROV.HerROVcanmovethroughwaterandfindplasticsontheoceanfloor.TheactuallycoolpartofDu’sROVisthedetection(探测)system.Sheusesacameraalongwiththreedifferentkindsoflighttofindtheplastics.Shealsousesvisible(可见的)lighttofindunnaturalcolorsthatmightmaketheplasticsstandout.“Shehasaverygoodengineeringsensetobreakdownaproblemlikethisandthengoafterit,”saysengineerCaseyMachado.“Itsoundssimple,butit’salevelofthinkingthat’sreallyamazing.”Dustartedattendingpubliceventsandworkshopsatauniversitywhenshewasfiveyearsold,andsoshepickeduptheengineeringskillsnecessarytobuildherROV.ShesaysactuallygettingherROVtomovethroughwaterwellwasnoteasy.Shefailedmanytimes,butshenevergaveuptryingandtesting.Whenaskedaboutfutureplans,shementionswantingtoaddresstheeffectsofclimate(气候)change.“Ithinktherearealotofproblemsthatcouldbesolvedwithnewinventions,”saysDu.Duthanksherparents,whoforyearshavetakenhertostudentoutreachactivities,forsupportingherinterestinscience,technology,engineeringandmath(STEM).Shesaysshehasbeenabletomeetstudentsandscientiststhere.“IknowIwanttobeanengineerbecauseIlikebuildingthingstohelpsolveworldproblems,”saysDu.“ButI’mnotsurewhatkindofengineerIwanttobeyet.”15．WhatdidAnnaDunoticewhilewalkingalongthebeach?____________________________________________________________________16．HowoldwasDuwhenshedidalittleresearchtosolvetheproblem?____________________________________________________________________17．WhatcanDu’sROVdo?____________________________________________________________________18．WhydoesDuwanttobeanengineerinthefuture?____________________________________________________________________19．WhatmadeDusucceedinbuildingherROV?____________________________________________________________________【答案】15．Shenoticedplastics.16．Shewas12yearsold.17．Itcanmovethroughwaterandfindplasticsontheoceanfloor.18．Becauseshelikesbuildingthingstohelpsolveworldproblems.19．Hergoodengineeringsensetobreakdownaproblem,theengineeringskillsnecessarytobuildit,herpersistence(notgivingup)andherparents'support.（另外答出thecarefulobservation,theawarenessofprotectingtheoceans也可酌情给分）【分析】文章大意：本文主要讲AnnaDu十二岁时就制作了自己的遥控潜水器，她从小就对STEM感兴趣，长大后想成为一名工程师，帮助解决世界问题。15．根据第1段中“AnnaDuwaswalkingalongthebeachwhenshenoticedplasticsthere.”可知AnnaDu在海滩散步的时候注意到了塑料。故答案为：Shenoticedplastics.16．根据第2段中“Du,12yearsoldatthetime,triedtosolvetheproblemlikeanygoodscientist—first,bydoingalittleresearch.”可知Du做了一点调查来解决这个问题的时候，她12岁了。故答案为Shewas12yearsold.17．根据第3段中“HerROVcanmovethroughwaterandfindplasticsontheoceanfloor.”可知Du的ROV能够在水中移动，找到海底的塑料。故答案为：Itcanmovethroughwaterandfindplasticsontheoceanfloor.18．根据最后一段中Du的话“IknowIwanttobeanengineerbecauseIlikebuildingthingstohelpsolveworldproblems”可知她想要成为一名工程师是因为她喜欢制造东西来帮助解决世界问题。故答案为：Becauseshelikesbuildingthingstohelpsolveworldproblems.19．根据第5段中“Shehasaverygoodengineeringsensetobreakdownaproblemlikethisandthengoafterit”可知她在解决问题方面有良好工程悟性；根据第6段中“andsoshepickeduptheengineeringskillsnecessarytobuildherROV”可知她学会了建造ROV所需的工程技术；根据第6段中“Shefailedmanytimes,but

shenevergaveuptryingandtesting.”可知她不轻言放弃；根据倒数第2段中“Duthanksherparents,whoforyearshavetakenhertostudentoutreachactivities,forsupportingherinterestinscience,technology,engineeringandmath(STEM).”可知Du的父母很支持她。这几点都是她成功制作ROV的重要因素。故答案为：Hergoodengineeringsensetobreakdownaproblem,theengineeringskillsnecessarytobuildit,herpersistence(notgivingup)andherparents'support.（另外答出thecarefulobservation,theawarenessofprotectingtheoceans也可酌情给分）（2024·北京海淀·二模）阅读短文，根据短文内容回答问题。Thedayhadbeengood,butschoolwastiring.Iwaslyingonmysofa,mindlesslyscrolling(滚屏)throughsocialmedia,obsessed(痴迷)withsomeoneelse’sfancylife.Withoutevenknowingit,Iwascomparingmyselftoothers.Infact,I’mnotalone!Comparingissomethingwestrugglewitheveryday.Studiesshowthatanytimeathoughtcomestoourminds,there’sa1-in-10chancethatwe’recomparingourselvestoothers.Socialcomparisontheorystatesthatpeoplewouldjudgetheirownsocialandpersonalworthbycomparingthemselvestoothersaroundthem.ComparisonhadbeenthethiefofmyjoyforlonguntilonedayIrealizedthatitispointlesstocompareourselveswithothers—wearecomparingourweaknessestosomeone’sstrengths.IstillrememberseveralmomentswhenIthoughttheworstofmyselfbecauseIthoughtthebestofsomeoneelse.Forexample,everytimeIsawKaylaperformingwellatherschoolwork,thefirstthingthatpoppedintomymindwasawishthatIcouldbeassmartasher.Ikeptaskingmyself,“Whycouldn’tIjustbelikeher?”IpracticallypraisedKaylawhilehatingmyselfatthesametime.Idecidedtochange.Istartedtofocusonimprovingmyselfinsteadofcomparingwithothers.Itookupreadingonebookeverymonth.Istartednewhobbies.Thishelpedmetodiscoveranewself.Ilearnedtoappreciate(欣赏)whatIhad.Everyday,IwrotedownthingsIwashappyaboutandchosetobearoundpeoplewhomademefeelgood.Thismademevaluemylifeandseehowspecialitis.AndIchangedhowIused

socialmedia.Insteadofaimlesslyscrolling,Icustomized(定制)mysocialmediafeeds(推送)toincludemoreeducationalandinspirationalinformation.Ifelthappierandwaslesslikelytocomparemyselftoothers.Inourlives,it’simportanttoaskourselvesakeyquestion:arewetendingto(照料)ourowngardenorareweonlyvisitors,admiringthebeautifulgardensofotherswhilefailingtocareforourown?Trynottogetlostincomparingyourselftootherssinceeveryoneisdifferent.Discoveryourgiftsandletthemshine!20．Whatwasthewriterobsessedwithonsocialmedia?21．Howdopeoplejudgetheirsocialandpersonalworthaccordingtosocialcomparisontheory?22．Whydoesthewriterthinkitispointlesstocompareourselvestoothers?23．Whatdoyouthinkofthewaysthewritertooktoavoidpointlesscomparison?Why?(Pleasegivetworeasons)【答案】20．Someoneelse’sfancylife.21．Bycomparingthemselvestoothersaroundthem./Theycomparethemselvestoothersaroundthem.22．Becausewearecomparingourweaknessestosomeone’sstrengths.23．Ithinkthewriter’sviewisquitecorrect.Becausecomparingyourselftoothersmakesyoufeelbad.Besides,itcanmaskyourowntalent.【导语】本文主要讲述了不要和他人比较，因为这是毫无意义的，作者具体介绍了自己做法。20．根据“obsessed(痴迷)withsomeoneelse’sfancylife”可知，作者痴迷于他人的美好生活。故填Someoneelse’sfancylife.21．根据“Socialcomparisontheorystatesthatpeoplewouldjudgetheirownsocialandpersonalworthbycomparingthemselvestoothersaroundthem”可知，社会比较理论认为，人们会通过与周围的人进行比较来判断自己的社会价值和个人价值。故填Bycomparingthemselvestoothersaroundthem./Theycomparethemselvestoothersaroundthem.22．根据“ComparisonhadbeenthethiefofmyjoyforlonguntilonedayIrealizedthatitispointlesstocompareourselveswithothers—wearecomparingourweaknessestosomeone’sstrengths”可知，因为我们是在拿自己的缺点和别人的优点作比较。故填Becausewearecomparingourweaknessestosomeone’sstrengths.23．开放性作答，言之有理即可。参考答案为Ithinkthewriter’sviewisquitecorrect.Becausecomparingyourselftoothersmakesyoufeelbad.Besides,itcanmaskyourowntalent.（2024·北京平谷·一模）阅读短文，根据短文内容回答问题。Haveyoueverseenshadowplays?TheshadowplayisoneoftheoldestpuppetperformancesinChina.ItwasapopularfolkdramainancientChinaandalsotheancestor(祖先)ofthefilmsintheworld.Shadowplayswereonceapopularformofentertainment,andtheywerealsousedforreligious(宗教)andinstructionalpurposes.Simpletoperform,dramaswereplayedoutonscreensorwallsforthousandsofyears,andtheshadowplayisstillperformedinChinatoday.Asimplelampandathinscreenwereallthatwereneededforastage.Thingslikepeople,animals,furniture,wallsandplantswereshownonthescreenbyplacingfigurinesorfiguresmadeofcardboardorleatherinfrontofthelamp.Thelamplightedthescreenfrombehind,andpeoplecouldmovelittlefigurinesaroundfortheatricalperformances.Withaddedmusicandsoundeffects,theplayscouldbequiteentertainingiftheywerewellperformed.Thesewereancientdramasorcartoons,andtheywereevencolorizedforaddedentertainmentbyusingcoloredtranslucent(半透明的)figurines.Thelamplightcastacoloredshadow.Onecanimaginethatstone-agepeoplesatnexttocampfiresandwatchedstoriesplayedoutonrockwallsbyshadowscastbyusingtheirhandsorfigurines.ItissaidthattheMongolsinthe13thcenturylikedtowatchshadowplaysintheircamps.Theytooktheentertainmentwiththem,anditbecameapopularentertainmentintheYuanEmpireofthe13thcentury.ShadowplayswereperformedinFrancewhenFrenchmissionaries(传教士)returnedfromChinain1767andputonperformancesinParisandMarseilles.ItissaidthatthisishowtheshadowplaywasintroducedtoEurope.TheplayswerepopularinFrance,andtheywerecalled“ChineseShadows”atfirst.Nowadays,performersuseplastics,computercontrolledlightningandmachinery,andmodernpaintanddyestoproducebrightandcolorfulshadowfigures.Theycanproduceimagesthatarecontrolledbycomputers,andthesecanbeusedforanimationandentertainmenteffectsinplays.Itisdifficultforshadowpuppeteerstocompetewithmodernentertainmenttechnologiesforanaudience,butsomeofthemareusingmodernmaterialsandadoptingtechnologytohelpstageinterestingentertainmentinChina.24．Whatwereshadowplaysusedfor?25．HowwereshadowplaysintroducedtoEurope?26．Whatchallengedoshadowpuppeteersmeet?27．