2019高考英语一轮选练习题Unit2Workingtheland（含解析）新人教版必修4

必修4Unit2Workingtheland李仕才一、阅读理解ATheUnitedArabEmirates(UAE)governmentannouncedithadelected60“ChiefHappinessOfficers”tostudyhappinessandhowtospreaditabroad.Currentlyranked28thoutofover150countriessurveyedintheUnitedNations'2016WorldHappinessReport,theUAEwantstositwithinthetopfiveby2021.“Weseektocreateasocietywhereourpeople'shappinessisprimary，”declaredtheUAE'sVicePresidentandPrimeMinister.Sincethenewministertookoffice,peopleworkinginthecivilservicehaveattendedaseriesofhappinessseminarstolearnmoreabouttheplan.DubaiPolicehasrenameditsmunityservicedepartmentthe“GeneralDepartmentformunityHappiness”andtheforceoftenadds#YourSecurityOurHappinesstotheirtweets(用推特发送的信息).Meanwhile,variousgovernmentagencieshavechangedthelanguageoftheircustomersurveystofindoutifpeopleare“happyratherthanjustsatisfied”withtheservices,andsomehaveinvestigatedsocialmediafollowerstoseeiftheirInstagramandFacebookpostsbringhappiness.MeikWiking,anindependentthinktankinDenmark,thecountrywhichtopstheUN'shappytable,thinksgovernmentscanandshouldplayaroleinpublichappiness.“Theaimofpublicpolicyshouldbetoimprovethequalityoflifeforpeople，”hesays.SoniaEdwards,whohaslivedintheUAEforoveradecade,says：“Ithinkit'sabitofapublicrelationsgimmicktobehonest.IthinkthegovernmentwantstobeseentobemakingthingsbetterthroughthisplanbutIdon'tknowhowmucheffectitwillreallyhave.”EdwardsinDubaiadds：“Therearealotofissuesherearoundjobinsecurity,workplacediscrimination,highrentsandexpensiveschoolfees,soifthoseweredealtwith,we'dallbehappier,butoverall,happinessisnotjustuptothegovernment,it'salsouptoindividualsandtheirownmindsets.”【文章大意】阿拉伯联合酋长国采取措施，致力于提升人们的幸福感，人们对此有不同的看法。8.WhatdoestheUAEgovernmentintendtodo?A．Createaperfectsociety.B．Buildahappiercountry.C．Promoteinternationaltrades.D．Showitsstatusintheworld.答案与解析：B'考查细节理解。根据第一段中的“Currentlyranked28th...theUAEwantstositwithinthetopfiveby2021.‘Weseektocreateasocietywhereourpeople'shappinessisprimary’”可知，阿拉伯联合酋长国在2016年联合国发布的世界幸福报告中排在第28位，它想在2021年之前进入前五名，因此该国政府在采取措施，致力于提升人们的幸福感，即打造一个更幸福的国度。1.WhatisoneofthemeasurestheUAEtakes?A．Holdhappinessseminarsforcivilservants.B．Givegovernmentagenciesnewnames.C．Lookthroughpeople'sonlineposts.D．Changethedailylanguage.答案与解析：A'考查细节理解。根据第二段中的“Sincethenewministertookoffice,peopleworkinginthecivilservicehaveattendedaseriesofhappinessseminarstolearnmoreabouttheplan.”可知，新总理上台之后，公务员参加了一系列有关幸福的研讨会以更多地了解这项计划，故选A。2.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“gimmick”inParagraph4mean?A．Improvement.B．Principle.C．Transformation.D．Trick.答案与解析：D'考查词义猜测。根据倒数第二段中的“it'sabitofapublicrelations...”和其后的“IthinkthegovernmentwantstobeseentobemakingthingsbetterthroughthisplanbutIdon'tknowhowmucheffectitwillreallyhave.”可知，SoniaEdwards认为政府此举意在通过这个计划让人们看到他们正在使事情变得更好，但她不知道这个计划究竟会有多大效果，故可以推断她认为此举是公共关系的花招，是在作秀。3.WhatmightMeikWikingandEdwardsbothagreewith?A．Thegovernmentmissesthepoint.B．Happinessissomewhatsubjective.C．Policymakerscountastopeople'swell­being.D．Theeffectsofthehappinessplanareuncertain.答案与解析：C'考查推理判断。由第三段中的“governmentscanandshouldplayaroleinpublichappiness‘Theaimofpublicpolicyshouldbetoimprovethequalityoflifeforpeople’”和最后一段中的Edwards所说的话尤其是“ifthoseweredealtwith,we'dallbehappier,butoverall,happinessisnotjustuptothegovernment”可知，他们可能都赞同的是，政策制定者在人们的幸福方面起着重要作用。BRecentmonthshaveseenarevivalofthehumble(普通的)bikeacrossChina,withanincreasingnumberofpeoplechoosingpedaling(骑车)insteadofdrivingtoschool,toworkplacesortodosightseeing.Theintroductionofbikesharingsystems,servicesinwhichbicyclesaremadeavailableforsharedusetoindividualswhodonotownthemandpioneeredbystartupslikeOfoandMobike,hasbroughtthetrendtoanewlevel.WashingtonD.C.hasoneofthebiggestbikesharingsystemsintheUSwith3,700bikesand440stations.TheUK,FranceandGermanyallhavegrowingprograms.However,China,sofar,outdoes(超过)themallbyoperatingthreeoutoffouroftheworld’sshardbikes.Peoplecanunlocktheshardbikesbysimplyusingtheirsmartphone.ThebikesareequippedwithGPSandusersofChina’sversionscanleavebikesanywhereinpublicforthenextuser.They’repopularamongmanyChinesepeopleastheyprovideaneffectivesolutiontothe“lastmile”problem,whichreferstothefinallegofaperson’sjourney.However,theChineseprogramshavealsoledtoproblemssuchasillegalparking,vandalism(故意破坏)andtheft.Infact,theseproblemsarealsosharedbybikesharingprogramsabroad.Launchedin2007,VéilbisalargescalepublicbikesharingsysteminParis.Atitsearlystageofoperation,italsosufferedfromproblemsofvandalismortheft.ByOct2009,alargenumberofVélib’sinitialbikeshadtobereplacedduetovandalismortheft,accordingtoTheNewYorkTimes.Todealwiththeseproblems,thepanycameupwiththeideaofencouragingpeopletoreturnthebikestostationsbyrewardingfreetimefortheirnextrides.Now,Chineseserviceoperatorsarealsotryingtoaddresstheseproblems.Forexample,Mobikesetsa100pointcreditscoreforeachuser,withpointstakeninthecaseofbadbehavior.Onceascoredropsbelow80,bikerentalisincreasedto100yuanper30minutes,upfrom0.51yuan.1.Whatcanwelearnaboutbikesharingsystems?A.Theyofferfreebikerides.B.Theyarerunningperfectly.C.Chinaoperatesthebiggestsystem.D.Francewasthefirsttolaunchthesystem.2.Asameansoftransportation,bikesharingcanbebestdescribedas_______.A.promisingbutexpensive. B.convenientandecofriendly.C.ecofriendlybutineffective. D.troublesomeandmeaningless.3.Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A.SharedBikesPedalintoStyle.B.ProblemswithBikesinChina.C.SharedBikesAttractYoungPeople.D.TransportationChangeswiththeTimes.【文章大意】本文为说明文。讲述的是共享单车成为一种新的趋势，并介绍了它的优缺点。2.B【解析】推理判断题。根据第三段可知共享单车方便而且环保，故选B。3.A【解析】主旨大意题。纵观全文可知本文讲的是共享单车成为一种新的趋势，与A项一致，故选A。二、七选五Inourfastworldofphones，faxmachinesandputers，theold­fashionedartofletterwritingisatriskofdisappearingaltogether.1Thereistheexcitementofitsarrival，thepleasureofseeingwhoitisfromand，finally，theenjoymentofthecontents.LetterwritinghasbeenpartofmylifeforaslongasIcanremember.ItprobablybeganwiththelittlenotesIwouldwritetomymother.Mymother，also，alwaysinsistedIwritemyownthank­youlettersforChristmasandbirthdaypresents.2WhenIlefthomeat18totrainasadoctorinLondon，Iwouldwriteonceaweek，andsowouldmymother.Occasionallymyfatherwouldwriteanditwasalwaysajoytoreceivehislong，amusingletters.3Ofcourse，wealsomadephonecallsbutitisthelettersthatIremembermost.Therewerealsolettersfrommyboyfriends.InmyyouthIseemedtoattractpeoplewhohadtoworkorstudyawayatsometimeandwewereonlyabletostayintouchbyletter.4IfoundthatIcouldoftenexpressmyselfmoreeasilyinwritingthanbytalking.IlovethelettersthatewithbirthdayorChristmascards.Notesareappreciated，buthowmuchbettertohaveayear'ssupplyofnews！Andit'sbetterstillwhenit'sanairmailenvelopewithbeautifulstamps.5Likemymotherbeforeme，Iinsisttheywritetheirownthank­youletters.Mydaughterwritestomelittleletters，justasIdidtomymother.Istronglyurgereadersnottoallowletterwritingtobeeanother“lostart”．A．Poorhandwritingcanspoil(破坏)yourenjoymentofaletter.B．Wehadbeencorresponding(通信)for29yearsbuthadnevermet.C．Iampleasedthatmychildrenarecarryingonthetradition.D．Itdidn'tmatterhowshortoruntidytheywereaslongastheywereletters.E．Butinsteadofharmingtherelationships，letterwritingseemedtoimprovethem.F．Yet，tome，receivingalettercannotbematchedbyanyotherformofmunication.G．Thelettersfromhomecontainedjusteverydayeventsconcerningmyparentsandtheirfriends.【语篇解读】本文主要介绍了作者对书信这种沟通方式的青睐和对书信艺术逐渐消失的担忧。1．F[根据下句“Thereistheexcitementofitsarrival，thepleasureofseeingwhoitisfromand，finally，theenjoymentofthecontents.”可推知，收到信对作者来讲是一件无比愉悦的事情，所以选F项。]2．D[根据本段第一句“LetterwritinghasbeenpartofmylifeforaslongasIcanremember.”可知，书信是作者生活中不可或缺的一部分，对她来说，只要是信就好，无论多短或多不整洁，所以选D项。]3．G[根据上文可知，作者和父母通信，由此可推知，这些信都是关于父母的一些生活琐事以及他们的朋友的状况的，所以选G项。]4．E[根据下句“IfoundthatIcouldoftenexpressmyselfmoreeasilyinwritingthanbytalking.”可推知，此处应描述书信沟通的优势，与上文的“InmyyouthIseemedtoattractpeoplewhohadtoworkorstudyawayatsometimeandwewereonlyabletostayintouchbyletter.”呼应，所以选E项。]5．C[根据下文的“Mydaughterwritestomelittleletters，justasIdidtomymother.”可知，作者自己的孩子也像作者一样继承了写信的传统，所以选C项。]三、短文改错ItwasonawarmautumndaythatmyfatherandIwalkintomynewhighschool.Afterregisteredintheclassroom，thevolunteertookmetomydormitory.AltogetherIhadfiveroommates，twoofwhicharrivedlater.Igottoknowmynewroommateimmediately.AlthoughIwasquiteunwillingtosay“Goodbye”tomyfather，buthehadtoleavetohome.IsuddenlyrealizedIhadgrownupandthatIhadtolookaftermeandliveindependently.NotuntilthenIknowmyseniorhighschoollifehadrealbegun.【答案】ItwasonawarmautumndaythatmyfatherandIeq\f(walk,walked)intomynewhighschool.Aftereq\f(registered,registering)intheclassroom，eq\f(the,a)volunteertookmetomydormitory.AltogetherIhadfiveroommates，twoofeq\f(which,whom)arrivedlater.Igottoknowmyneweq\f(roommate,roommates)immediately.AlthoughIwasquiteunwillingtosay“Goodbye”tomyfather，eq\f(but,yet)/eq\o(﹨,but)hehadtoleaveeq\f(to,for)home.IsuddenlyrealizedIhadgrownupandthatIhadtolookaftereq\f(me,myself)andliveindependently.Notuntiltheneq\o(\s\up8(∧),did)Iknowmyseniorhighschoollifehadeq\f(real,really)begun.第一处：walk→walked。考查动词时态。根据“Itwasonawarmautumnday”可知，事情发生在过去，故用一般过去时。第二处：registered→registering。考查动名词。after是介词，后跟名词、代词或动名词作宾语，故用动名词形式。第三处：the→a。考查冠词。volunteer是可数名词，且第一次在文中出现，故用不定冠词修饰。第四处：which→whom。考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，应用whom引导非限定性定语从句，在从句中作介词of的宾语，修饰先行词fiveroommates。第五处：roommate→roommates。考查名词复数。由上文的“Ihadfiveroommates”可知，室友不止一个，故用复数形式。第六处：删除but或将but改为yet。考查连词。在英语中，although和but不能同时出现在一个句子中，故删除but。也可将but改为yet。补充：此处也可将Although删掉，但是语意上没有修改but好。第七处：leave后的to改为for。考查介词。leavefor意为“前往”，为固定词组，符合语境。第八处：me→myself。考查代词。与句子主语I呼应，应用反身代词，意为“照顾好自己”。第九处：then后加did。考查倒装句。notuntil置于句首时，常采用部分倒装，即把助动词放在主语之前。由时间状语then和下文的时态可知，此处用一般过去时，故用did。第十处：real→really。考查副词。修饰动词应用副词，故将real改为really。四、短文语法填空Noonelovesmemorethanmyparents,especiallymyfather.Myfatherisstoutandstrong,1aseverelookonhisfaceandkeenexpressiveeyes.Atfirstsightyoumayfeelhimhard2(approach).Infactheisverykindandconsiderate.Ibelievemyfatherisa3(talent)man.Heisdecisiveandefficientindoingthings.Byhisowntalentsandyearsofefforts,he4(provide)hisfamilywithagoodsocialpositionanda5(relative)richlife.Besides,heli