【名校区域大联考】专题03.阅读理解C篇（说明文为主）（解析版）

全国名校区域大联考高三英语试题精选集锦（第五期）专题0专题03：阅读理解C篇（说明文为主）编者按：遴选全国各地近期区域大联考试题，精心编辑，排版整齐。目录(T8联考)八省八校2024届高三第一次学业质量评价英语试题广东省金太阳2023-2024学年高三上学期百校联考英语试题江苏省决胜新高考2023-2024学年高三上学期12月大联考江苏省盐城市联盟校2023-2024学年高三上学期第二次联考浙江省强基联盟2023-2024学年高三上学期12月联考浙江省新阵地教育联盟2023-2024学年高三上学期第二次联考浙江省教改共同体2023-2024学年高三上学期1月联考河北省沧衡名校联盟2023-2024学年高三上学期1月期末英语试题河北省省级联测考试2023-2024学年高三上学期12月试题山东省新高考联合质量测评2023-2024学年高三12月大联考河南省南阳市TOP20联考2023-2024学年高三上学期1月月考河南箐师联盟2023-2024学年高三上学期12月质量检测考试题安徽省皖东十校联盟2023-2024学年高三上学期第三次月考湖北省宜荆荆随恩2023-2024学年高三上学期1月联考英语试题湖北省高中名校联盟2023-2024学年高三上学期第二次联合测评2024届重庆市缙云教育联盟高三上学期一模英语试题辽宁省联考2023-2024学年高三上学期1月期末英语试题浙江省县域教研联盟2023-2024学年高三上学期12月月考英语试题(T8联考)八省八校2024届高三第一次学业质量评价英语试题CCarlWieman,aNobelPrize-winningphysicistatStanfordUniversity,excelledinthelab,wherehecreatedtheBose-Einsteincondensate(玻色-爱因斯坦凝聚态).However,hismasteryinthelabdidnotextendtotheclassroom.Foryears,hewrestledwithwhatseemedtobeastraightforwardtask:makingundergraduatescomprehendphysicsashedid.Layingitoutforthem-explaining,evendemonstratingthecoreconceptsofthediscipline-wasnotworking.Despitehisclearexplanations,hisstudents'capacitytosolvetheproblemsheposedtothemremainedinadequate.Itwasinanunexpectedplacethathefoundthekeytotheproblem:notinhisclassroomsbutamongthegraduatestudents(研究生)whocametoworkinhislab.WhenhisPH.D.candidatesenteredthelab,Wiemannoticed,theirhabitsofthoughtwerenolessnarrowandrigidthantheundergraduates.Withinayearortwo,however,thesesamegraduatestudentstransformedintotheflexiblethinkershewastryingsoearnestly,andunsuccessfully,tocultivate.“Somekindofintellectualprocessmusthavebeenmissingfromthetraditionaleducation,"Wiemanrecounts.Amajorfactorinthegraduatestudents'transformation,Wiemanconcluded,wastheirexperienceofintensesocialengagementaroundabodyofknowledge-thehourstheyspentadvising,debatingwith,andrecountinganecdotestooneanother.In2019,astudypublishedintheProceedingsoftheNationalAcademyofSciencesbackedthisidea.Trackingtheintellectualadvancementofseveralhundredgraduatestudentsinthesciencesoverthecourseoffouryears,itsauthorsfoundthatthedevelopmentofcrucialskillssuchasgeneratinghypotheses(假设),designingexperiments,andanalyzingdatawascloselyrelatedtothestudents'engagementwiththeirpeersinthelab,ratherthantheguidancetheyreceivedfromtheirfacultymentors(导师).WiemanisoneofagrowingnumberofStanfordprofessorswhoarebringingthis“activelearning”approachtotheircourses.Hisaspirationistomovescienceeducationawayfromthelectureformat,towardamodelthatismoreactiveandmoreengaged.28.WhatproblemdidCarlWiemanhavewithhisundergraduates?A.Makingthemexcelinthelab.B.Demonstratinglabexperiments.C.Facilitatingtheirall-rounddevelopment.D.Enhancingtheirphysicsproblem-solving.29.WhichofthefollowingbestdescribesthegraduatestudentswhofirstjoinedWieman'slab?A.Limitedinthinking.B.Resistanttonewideas.C.Flexibleandearnest.D.Experiencedandcooperative.30.Whatiscrucialfordevelopingstudents'intelligentthoughtaccordingtothe2019study?A.Intenselabwork.B.Peerpressureandevaluation.C.Academicinteractionwithfellows.D.Engagementwithexternalsociety.31.Whichofthefollowingcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A.TransformingGraduates'HabitsB.CarlWieman'sNobelPrizeJourneyC.TheNobel-PrizeWinner'sStrugglesD.CarlWieman'sEducationInnovation[C篇大意]本文是一篇说明文。主题语境为人与社会。文章主要介绍了诺贝尔物理学奖获得者CarlWieman试图帮助本科学生提高解决问题.的能力而进行的教学创新。这位斯坦福大学的教授通过观察他的研究生,发现促进他们思维能力提升的主要因素是围绕知识体系进行的密集的学术交流。于是,越来越多的教授在课程教学中采用这种方法,将科学教育从传统的讲座形式转向一种更积极、更投入的模式。28.D[解析]细节理解题。根据第一段中的最后一句“Despiteitsclearexplanations,hisstudents'capacitytosolvetheproblemsheposedtothemremainedinadequate.”可知.他的学生(本科生)仍然无法提高解决他提出的问题的能力。29.A[解析]细节理解题。根据第二段中的“-theirhabitsofthoughtwerenolessnarrowandrigidthantheundergraduates."可知,他们(研究生)的思维习惯和本科生--样狭隘僵化.30.C[解析]细节理解题。根据第三段中的“thedevelopmentofcrucialskillssuchaswascloselyrelatedtothestudents'engagementwiththeirpeersinthelab"可知,2019年的研究发现学生关键思维能力的发展和在实验室里与同龄人的学术交流密切相关。31.D[解析]标题归纳题。文章第一段是讲CarlWieman在教学中发现学生的思维能力和解决问题的能力较差;第二、三段关于他如何找到的解决方案一在实验室的研究生身上发现思维能力的提升关键是和同伴进行的学术交流。第四段是结果--越来越多的教授们在课程教学中采用积极学习的模式。因此,D项“CarlWieman的教育创新”可作为本文的最佳标题。广东省金太阳2023-2024学年高三上学期百校联考英语试题CBringingspecieslikebeavers(河狸)backtoEnglandisnolongerapriority,thegovernmentsaidonFridaytocriticismfromwildlifegroups.ArecentreportshowsthatonensixUKspeciesareatriskofextinction.InSeptembermorethan60conservationorganizationsreportedasignificantdeclineinspeciesduetoexpansionsinfarmingandtheeffectsofclimatechange.Inrecentyears,animalsandplantshavebeenreintroducedbycharitiesaspartofeffortstorestorethecountry'sreducedbiodiversity.Despitethegovernmentallowingthis,theEnvironment,FoodandRuralAffairsCommitteeconcludedinJulythattherewasanabsenceoflong-termplansonhowtomanagethis.Inresponse,thegovernmenthasnowsaidthatthe"reintroductionofspeciesisnotapriority".Thegovernmentsaiditwasfocusedonincreasingbiodiversitythroughhabitatrestoration.Thegovernment'senvironmentdepartmenthascomeunderscrutiny(详细审查)fornotdoingmoretopreventsewagedumpingandotherformsofpollutioninEngland'swaterways.SirRobertGoodwill,chairoftheCommittee,saidhewasdisappointedwiththegovernmentresponse.Bringingbackextinctspeciesisacontroversialissue-althoughfarmersandlandownersappearbroadlysupportive,therearerisksofreintroducingnewspecies,andwithoutclearguidance,problemscouldarise.Arecentstudyshowedthatriverbarrierssimilartothosebuiltbybeaverscanprotectcommunitiesatriskofflooding.ButtherehavealsobeencasesdocumentedinEuropewherebeavershavebuilttheirdamsinplacesthathavedamagedcropsandchangedrivers.JoanEdwards,directorofPolicy&PublicAffairsatTheWildlifeTrustssaid,“ReintroducingwildlifemustbepartoftheUKgovernment'sarsenal(武器)fortacklingnaturelossandclimatechange--itisastonishingthereisnostrategyfordoingso.”“Thereturnofwildbeaverscanhelptorecreatelostwetlands,withaknock-oneffectthatbenefitsotherwildlifeincludinginsects,invertebratesandbirds.Beaversalsoslowtheflowofwater,whichcanreducefloodriskstotownsandvillages,”shesaid.28.Whatdoesparagraph2wanttoconvey?A.ThesituationofspeciesintheUKSevere.B.ReintroductionofspeciesintheUKisnotapriority.C.Expansionsinfarminghaveagreateffectonclimatechange.D.TheUKgovernment'sresponsetoreducedbiodiversityisdisappointing.29.HowdidtheUKgovernmentplantoincreasebiodiversity?A.Byrestoringhabitat.B.Byofferingguidance.C.Byexpandingfarming.D.Bydevelopingstrategy.30.WhatdidJoanEdwardsthinkofreintroductionofwildlife?A.Itwasmessy.B.Itwascontroversial.C.Itwasbeneficial.D.Itwascostly.31.Whatisthetextmainlyabout?A.Theadvantagesofreintroducingwildlife.B.Theresponsestoagovernmentstatement.C.Theeffectsofclimatechangeonfarming.D.Theapproachestoincreasingbiodiversity.28—31AACBC篇：本文是一篇说明文。是否恢复灭绝物种是一个有争议的问题。最近英国发出的一份声明就引起了争议。28.A【解析】推理判断题。根据第二段可知，此段主要介绍了英国物种多样性的现状。从介绍来看，形势严峻。29.A【解析】细节理解题。根据第四段第一句可知，政府表示，其重点是通过恢复栖息地来增加生物多样性。30.C【解析】推理判断题。根据倒数第二段可知，JoanEdwards认为重新引进野生动物是英国政府应对自然丧失和气候变化的武器。重新引进野生动物是有好处的。31.B【解析】主旨大意题。是否恢复灭绝物种是一个有争议的问题。最近英国发出的一份声明就引起了争议。社会各界对政府的这份声明做出了不同的反应。江苏省决胜新高考2023-2024学年高三上学期12月大联考CScientistsalreadyknewthatgulls(海鸥)preferfoodthathasbeentouchedbypeople,butitwasunclearhowwelltheycoulddrawontheirobservationsofsnackinghumanstofindsimilarbitsoffoodwhileforaging(觅食).Inthelatestwork,Feist,abiologistattheUniversityofSussexandhercolleaguestapedgreen(saltandvinegar)andblue(cheeseandonion)packetsofcrispstobricksandplacedthemafewmetresfromgullsonanotherwiseclearpatchofBrightonbeach.Thescientiststhenbacked5metresandfilmedthebirds’behaviour.Insomecases,theresearcherssimplylookedatthecamera,whileinotherstheypecked(啄)agreenorbluebagofcrisps.Whenthescientistssatquietlywithoutsnacking,lessthanafifthofgullsapproachedthecrisppacketsplacednearby.Butwhentheresearchersweresnackingoncrisps,48%ofthebirdshoppedovertocheckoutthepackets.Nearly40%ofsuchapproachesendedwithgullspeckingatthecrisppackets,andofthese,95%weredirectedatthesamecolourpacketasthescientistwaseatingfrom.“Itisimpressivebecausetheevolutionaryhistoryofgullswouldn’thaveinvolvedhumans,”saidFeist.Theworksuggeststhatthereisworktodotoreducetensionbetweenhumansandurbangulls.Theimpactof“donotfeedthebirds”signsmight,forexample,beimprovedbyadding“…anddon’tletthemseeyoueat,either”.“Itislikelythatsimplystoppingthepublicfromdirectlyfeedinggullsmaynotbeenough,”Feistsaid.“Theyarestillabletoobservewhatweeatandthatwouldinformtheirabilitytotargetwaste,litterandsoon.”DrGoumas,anexpertongullsatExeterUniversity,said:“Thisstudyshowsthatwearen’tonlydrawinggulls’attentiontowherefoodis,buttheyalsolearnaboutthetypeoffoodwe’reeating.Knowingthismayhaveimplicationsforhowwereducenegativeinteractionsbetweenhumansandgulls,asweseemtobeunconsciouslyteachinggullstoexplorenewfooditems.”28.Whatisparagraph2ofthetextmainlyabout?A.Themethodsofobservation. B.TheprocessofFeist’swork.C.Theeatingbehaviourofgulls. D.TheunderlyinglogicofFeist’swork.29.WhatcanwelearnfromFeist’swork?A.Thereisnoneedtofeedurbangulls.B.Gullscandistinguishbetweencrisps.C.Humansarecrucialingulls’evolution.D.Gullschoosewhattoeatbywatchinghumans.30.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“that”inparagraph5referto?A.Behaviourofhumans.B.Gulls’foragingchoices.C.Banonpeoplefeedinggulls.D.Gulls’observationsofsnackinghumans.31.WhatdoesDrGoumasthinkoftheresearchresult?A.Itisofsomevalue. B.Itishighlyprofitable.C.Ittakesagestotestit. D.Itneedstobepractical.【答案】28.B29.D30.D31.A【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。一项研究发现，海鸥有能力观察人类的食物偏好，并利用这些信息找到类似的食物。文章认为，这表明需要采取措施避免人类和海鸥之间的紧张关系。【28题详解】主旨大意题。根据第二段“Inthelatestwork,Feist,abiologistattheUniversityofSussexandhercolleaguestapedgreen(saltandvinegar)andblue(cheeseandonion)packetsofcrispstobricksandplacedthemafewmetresfromgullsonanotherwiseclearpatchofBrightonbeach.Thescientiststhenbacked5metresandfilmedthebirds’behaviour.Insomecases,theresearcherssimplylookedatthecamera,whileinotherstheypecked(啄)agreenorbluebagofcrisps.(在最新的研究中，萨塞克斯大学的生物学家费斯特和她的同事们把绿色(盐和醋)和蓝色(奶酪和洋葱)的薯片包粘在砖头上，然后把它们放在离海鸥几米远的布莱顿海滩上。科学家们退后5米，拍摄了这些鸟的行为。在一些情况下，研究人员只是看着相机，而在另一些情况下，他们啄着绿色或蓝色的薯片袋。)”可知，本段主要描述并介绍了研究的具体开展过程。故选B。【29题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段中“Butwhentheresearchersweresnackingoncrisps,48%ofthebirdshoppedovertocheckoutthepackets.Nearly40%ofsuchapproachesendedwithgullspeckingatthecrisppackets,andofthese,95%weredirectedatthesamecolourpacketasthescientistwaseatingfrom.

(但是当研究人员吃薯片的时候，48%的鸟会跳过去查看包装。近40%的这种方法最终以海鸥啄食薯片包装袋告终，其中95%的海鸥啄食的是与科学家吃的相同颜色的包装袋。)”可知，通过研究发现5%的海鸥啄食的是与科学家吃的相同颜色的包装袋即海鸥通过观察人类来选择吃什么。故选D。【30题详解】词义猜测题。根据划线词前面的内容“Theyarestillabletoobservewhatweeat

(它们仍然能够观察我们吃什么)”可知，此处指海鸥能够观察到人们吃什么，这将告知它们区分废物、垃圾。因此划线词指代的是“海鸥观察人类零食的行为”。故选D。【31题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Knowingthismayhaveimplicationsforhowwereducenegativeinteractionsbetweenhumansandgulls,asweseemtobeunconsciouslyteachinggullstoexplorenewfooditems.(了解这一点可能会对我们如何减少人类与海鸥之间的负面互动产生影响，因为我们似乎在无意识地教会海鸥探索新的食物。)”可知，DrGoumas认为通过该研究发现可能会对我们如何减少人类与海鸥之间的负面互动产生影响，故推测DrGoumas认为该研究是有价值的。故选A。江苏省盐城市联盟校2023-2024学年高三上学期第二次联考CPhotosynthesis(光合作用)isauniqueskillofgreenplants—theyturnwaterandcarbondioxideintooxygenandfoodviasunlight.AgroupofChinesescientists,however,“copied”theprocessonanimals.Tounderstandthenewbreakthrough,itisimportanttoknowhowphotosynthesisworks.Plantstakeincarbondioxideandwaterfromtheairandsoil.Withintheplantcell,thewaterisoxidized.Thistransformsthewaterintooxygenandthecarbondioxideintoglucose(葡萄糖).Theplantthenreleasestheoxygenbackintotheairandstoresenergywithintheglucosemolecules.Inthestudy,theresearchersfromZhejiangUniversitydevelopedanindependentandcontrollablephotosyntheticsystem,accordingtothestudypublishedinNatureinearlyDecember,2022.Theyseparatedthylakoids(类囊体),apartofthecellwherelightreactionstakeplaceinplants,fromyoungspinachleaves.Thescientiststhenwrappedthethylakoidswiththecoverofanimalcells,whichmadetheimplantedthylakoidsmoreacceptabletoforeignbodies.Themiceusedinthestudyweresufferingfromarthritis,meaningcellsintheircartilagehaddegeneratedandcouldnotberepairedbythemselves.Withthethylakoidsimplantedintothemiceandexposedtolight,themicerecovered.Theirmetabolismreturnedtonormal.Inarthritis,thepatientsusuallyhaveenergylosssincefewerenergy-carryingmoleculesaregenerated.Theimplant,however,cancorrecttheimbalancebystoringmoreenergyviaphotosynthesis.Theresearchersalsoclaimedthattheirtestswouldhavemedicalusage.Itcanbeusedaspartofthesolutionfordegenerativediseasesbecausethenaturalphotosynthesissystemmayrepaircells.Itmayalsodelaytheagingprocessincells.Thestudyshowed“anexcitingachievementthatopensuppossibilitiesofmetabolismengineering,”commentedoneofthepaper’sreviewersFranciscoCejudofromtheUniversityofSevilleinSpain,reportedXinhua.28.Whatismainlymentionedintheparagraph2?A.Thetheorybehindtheexperiment. B.Thebackgroundoftheexperiment.C.Theproceduresoftheexperiment. D.Theeffectsoftheexperiment.29.Accordingtothepassage,whatisthefollowinginformationtrue?A.AgroupofChinesescientistscopiedthephotosynthesisofanimalsonplants.B.Theplaceinwhichtheplantstoresenergyisthylakoids.C.Thethylakoidswrappedbyanimalcellsmakeitselfacceptedwitheasebyforeignbodies.D.Thistherapyhasbeenusedaspartofthesolutionfordegenerativediseases.30.Whatistheattitudeofacommentatortowardstheexistingstudiesaboutthestudy?A.Cautious. B.Approving. C.Doubtful. D.Uncertain.31.Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?A.EffectivePhotosynthesis.B.BreakthroughsmadebyagroupofChinesescientists.C.ChinesescientistswhocopiedPhotosynthesisonanimals.D.ChinesescientistscopiedPhotosynthesisonanimals.【答案】28A29.C30.B31.D【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。本文讲述了一个中国科学团队在动物身上“复制”了植物所特有的光合作用的全过程。【28题详解】主旨大意题。根据文章第一段“AgroupofChinesescientists,however,”copied”theprocessonanimals.(

然而，一群中国科学家在动物身上“复制”了这一过程。)”及第二段“Tounderstandthenewbreakthrough,itisimportanttoknowhowphotosynthesisworksPlantstakeincarbondioxideandwaterfromtheairandsoil.Withintheplantcell,thewaterisoxidized.Thistransformsthewaterintooxygenandthecarbondioxideintoglucose(葡萄糖).Theplantthenreleasestheoxygenbackintotheairandstoresenergywithintheglucosemolecules.Inthestudy,theresearchersfromZhejiangUniversitydevelopedanindependentandcontrollablephotosyntheticsystem,accordingtothestudypublishedinNatureinearlyDecember,2022.(为了理解这一新的突破，了解光合作用是如何工作的是很重要的。植物从空气和土壤中吸收二氧化碳和水。在植物细胞内，水被氧化。这个过程将水转化为氧气，将二氧化碳转化为葡萄糖。然后，植物将氧气释放回空气中，并将能量储存在葡萄糖分子中。根据2022年12月初发表在《自然》杂志上的研究报告，在这项研究中，浙江大学的研究人员开发了一种独立可控的光合系统。)”可知，第二段提到这个实验背后的理论——光合作用,科学家们将这一理论用在动物身上的。故选A项。【29题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段的“Thescientiststhenwrappedthethylakoidswiththecoverofanimalcells,whichmadetheimplantedthylakoidsmoreacceptabletoforeignbodies.(然后，科学家们用动物细胞包裹类囊体，这使得植入的类囊体更容易被异物接受。)”可知，被动物细胞包裹的类囊体使自己很容易被异物接受。故选C。【30题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段的“Thestudyshowed“anexcitingachievementthatopensuppossibilitiesofmetabolismengineering,”commentedoneofthepaper’sreviewersFranciscoCejudofromtheUniversityofSevilleinSpain,reportedXinhua.(据新华社报道，来自西班牙塞维利亚大学的论文审稿人FranciscoCejudo评论说，这项研究显示了“一项令人兴奋的成就，开辟了代谢工程的可能性”。)”可推断，这位评论员认为这项成就是令人兴奋的，开辟了代谢工程的可能性，因此推断他是赞赏的。故选B。【31题详解】主旨大意题。根据第一段的“AgroupofChinesescientists,however,“copied”theprocessonanimals.(然而，一组中国科学家在动物身上“复制”了这一过程。)”以及下文内容可知，本文讲述了一个中国科学团队在动物身上“复制”了植物所特有的光合作用的全过程，并提到了光合作用运用到动物、人类身上的好处以及该研究对医疗、代谢方面的意义。故选D。浙江省强基联盟2023-2024学年高三上学期12月联考CCanhumansreallyunderstandwhatanimalsaresaying,orarewejustbarkingupthewrongtree?“Artificialintelligence(AI)holdsthekeytounlockingthefascinatinginsights.Beyondcreatingchatbotsthatcharmpeople,machinelearningmaysoonmakeitpossibletodecode(解码)animalcalls,”saysRaskin,co-founderofthenonprofitEarthSpeciesProject.It’sdevelopingAImodelsthatimitateavarietyofspecies,aimingtohave“conversations”withanimals.Itsteamiscollectingdiversedatafromvariousspeciesandbuildingmachine-learningmodelsforanalysis.ProjectCETI(鲸类动物翻译计划)focusesonunderstandingaparticularspecies,inthiscasethespermwhale.Spermwhaleshavecomplexsocialgroups.Whenafamiliaryoungmalerejoinedhisfamily,researchersseizedthechancetorecordtheirsounds.Fortwodecades,scientistsdocumentedtwospermwhalegroups,capturingtheirclickingsounds.Aftermanuallydecodingsomesounds,theyturnedtoAIforfastertranslation.Usinganeural(神经的)network,theteamtrainedittodiscernindividualwhalesfromasubsetofsounds.Next,theirambitiousgoalistotrainacomputertospeakwhale.Astechadvances,thedoorhasbeenopenedtousingmachinelearningtodecodeunfamiliarlanguages.It’sfoundthatAItoolshavepracticalvaluebeyondresearch.Translatinganimalsoundsaidsendangeredspecies.Scientistsstudycagedbirds’callstograspsoundchanges,explainingdifficultiesinreintroduction.Machinelearningdecodespets’signalslikebarksandfacialexpressions.Raskin’sAImodeltranslatesdogs’expressions,revealingtheirsurprisingcapabilitiestoowners.Additionally,ithelpspredictpigemotionsbasedontheirsounds,enhancinganimalwelfare.Advancementsdeepenourunderstandingofanimals.Nowenthusiasticscientistsarecommittedtoopen-sourcedataandmodelsharing.“Everytimeyouinventatechnology,youalsoinventaresponsibility,”Raskinsays.“Designinga‘whalechatbot’demandsweimagineananimal’sexperience.Thetruevalueofanylanguageisthatithelpsusrelatetoothers.”28.WhatisthepurposeoftheEarthSpeciesProject?A.Togathervastdatawithacomputer.B.Tocreatechatbotsthatimitateanimals.C.TounderstandanimallanguagesusingAI.D.Tostudythesocialbehaviorofspermwhales.29.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“discern”inparagraph3mean?A.Train. B.Recognize. C.Record. D.Protect.30.HowdoAItoolsprovidepracticalvalueindeepeningourinsightsintoanimals?A.Bytranslatinganimals’callsandlooks. B.Byadvancinganimalwell-being.C.Byreintroducingendangeredspecies. D.Bystudyinganimals’negativeemotions.31.Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A.LostinTranslation?NotwithAIB.AFutureofChattingwithAnimalsC.WhalesSOS:Human-AIUniteforMiraclesD.PracticalValueofMachineLearningModels【答案】28.C29.B30.A31.B【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述了非营利机构EarthSpeciesProject利用人工智能工具解码动物语言，加深人类对动物的理解和共情。【28题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第二段“It’sdevelopingAImodelsthatimitateavarietyofspecies,aimingtohave‘conversations’withanimals.（该公司正在开发模仿各种物种的人工智能模型，旨在与动物“对话”。)”可知，其目的是用人工智能来理解动物的语言。故选C。【29题详解】词句猜测题。根据画线词所在句“Spermwhaleshavecomplexsocialgroups....Fortwodecades,scientistsdocumentedtwospermwhalegroups,capturingtheirclickingsounds.Aftermanuallydecodingsomesounds,theyturnedtoAIforfastertranslation....individualwhalesfromasubsetofsounds.Next,theirambitiousgoalistotrainacomputertospeakwhale.(抹香鲸有复杂的社会群体。……二十年来，科学家们记录了两个抹香鲸群，捕捉到它们的咔哒声。在手动解码一些声音后，他们转向人工智能来加快翻译速度。……从声音子集中（）单个鲸鱼。接下来，他们雄心勃勃的目标是训练一台计算机说鲸鱼语。)”可知，该团队利用AI来将个体抹香鲸(的声音)与一个子集的声音分辨开来，由此可知，discern意为“识别”，与B项“Recognize”意思接近。故选B项。【30题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第四段“Machinelearningdecodespets’signalslikebarksandfacialexpressions.(机器学习可以解码宠物的吠叫和面部表情等信号。)”可知，AI工具能为加深我们对动物的认知提供实际价值，其背后的机制是破译动物的语言信号，如叫声和面部表情。故选A。【31题详解】主旨大意题。根据文章第二段““Artificialintelligence(AI)holdsthekeytounlockingthefascinatinginsights.Beyondcreatingchatbotsthatcharmpeople,machinelearningmaysoonmakeitpossibletodecode(解码)animalcalls,”saysRaskin,co-founderofthenonprofitEarthSpeciesProject.It’sdevelopingAImodelsthatimitateavarietyofspecies,aimingtohave“conversations”withanimals.(“人工智能(AI)掌握着打开这些迷人洞见的钥匙。除了创造吸引人的聊天机器人，机器学习可能很快就能解码动物的叫声，”非营利性地球物种项目的联合创始人拉斯金说。该公司正在开发模仿各种物种的人工智能模型，旨在与动物“对话”。)”以及通读全文可知，文章讲述了非营利机构EarthSpeciesProject利用人工智能工具解码动物语言，加深人类对动物的理解和共情。由此可知，B项“AFutureofChattingwithAnimals（与动物聊天的未来）”是合适的标题。故选B。浙江省新阵地教育联盟2023-2024学年高三上学期第二次联考CAfterCOVID-19,theBureauofLaborStatisticspredictsthatwhilethenumberofnurseshasincreasedinthepastthreeyears,theU.S.stillexperiencesashortageofregisterednurses,andthattherewillbeoveronemillionunfillednursingjobs.Sowhat’sthesolution?Robots.Japanisaheadofthecurvewhenitcomestothistrend.ToyohashiUniversityofTechnologyhasdevelopedTerapio,aroboticmedicalcartthatcanmakehospitalrounds,delivermedicationsandotheritems,andretrieverecords.Thistypeofrobotwilllikelybeoneofthefirsttobeimplementedinhospital.Robotscapableofsocialengagementhelpwithlonelinessaswellascognitivefunctioning,buttherobotitselfdoesn’thavetoengagedirectly—itcanserveasamediatorforhumancommunication.TelepresencerobotssuchasMantaroBot,Vgo,andGiraffcanbecontrolledthroughacomputer,smartphone,ortablet,allowingfamilymembersordoctorstoremotelymonitorpatientsorSkypethem.Ifyoucan’tgettothenursinghometovisitgrandma,youcanuseatelepresencerobottohangoutwithher.Arobot’sappearanceaffectsitsabilitytosuccessfullyinteractwithhumans,whichiswhytheHuman-InteractiveRobotResearchdecidedtodeveloparoboticnursethatlookslikeahugeteddybear.RIBA,alsoknownas“Robear,”canhelppatientsintoandoutofwheelchairsandbedswithitsstrongarms.OnthelesscuteandmorescarysidethereisActroidF,whichhassuchresilientskinandnaturalhaircolorthatsomepatientsmaynotknowthedifference.Thisconversationalrobotcompanionhascamerasinitseyes,whichallowittotrackpatientsanduseappropriatefacialexpressionsandbodylanguageinitsinteractions.It’simportanttonotethatroboticnursesdon’tdecidecoursesoftreatmentormakediagnoses.Instead,theyperformroutineandlaborioustasks,freeingnursesuptoattendtopatientswithimmediateneeds.Thisisoneindustrywhereitseemstheintegrationofrobotswillleadtocooperation,notreplacement.28.Whatdoestheunderlinedpartinparagraph2mean?A.Takethelead. B.Reachthestandard.C.Setarecord. D.Missaturn.29.Telepresencerobotsmayservetheirrightpurposesinhospitalwhen______.A.theycollectmedicalrecordsforpatientsB.theydeliverfoodtoclinicaldoctorsC.theymovethemobility-disabledpatientsD.theyassistdoctorswithlong-distancediagnoses30.WhatisthedistinctiveattractionofActroidF?A.Itsscaryarmstrength. B.Itsadorableappearance.C.Itshuman-likevoice. D.Itsproperinteractiveresponse.31.Whatisthesuitabletitleforthepassage?A.Robots—thefuturereplacementofnursesB.Robots—theearth-shakingreforminhospitalsC.Robots—agoodsupplementtonursesD.Robots—anewwaytotreatpatients【答案】28.A29.D30.D31.C【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了在未来，由于护士短缺，机器人将成为医疗领域的趋势，日本已经开发出了多款功能各异的医疗机器人，机器人将主要用于完成一些日常的重复性工作，从而减轻护士的负担，向患者提供更好的服务。【28题详解】词句猜测题。根据第一段“AfterCOVID-19,theBureauofLaborStatisticspredictsthatwhilethenumberofnurseshasincreasedinthepastthreeyears,theU.S.stillexperiencesashortageofregisterednurses,andthattherewillbeoveronemillionunfillednursingjobs.Sowhat’sthesolution?Robots.(在2019冠状病毒病之后，美国劳工统计局预测，虽然护士人数在过去三年中有所增加，但美国仍然面临注册护士短缺的问题，将有超过100万个护士职位空缺。那么解决方案是什么呢？)”及划线词组下文“ToyohashiUniversityofTechnologyhasdevelopedTerapio,aroboticmedicalcartthatcandelivermedicinesandotheritems.(日本丰桥工业大学开发了一款机器人医疗车Terapio，可以运送药品和其他物品)”可知，在使用机器人补充护士短缺问题上，日本走在了前面。由此可知，划线词组aheadofthecurve与A选项“Takingthelead(领先)”同义。故选A。【29题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段中的“TelepresencerobotssuchasMantaroBot,Vgo,andGiraffcanbecontrolledthroughacomputer,smartphone,ortablet,allowingfamilymembersordoctorstoremotelymonitorpatientsorSkype(网络电话)them.(像MantaroBot，Vgo和Giraff这样的远程呈现机器人可以通过电脑、智能手机或平板电脑进行控制，允许家庭成员或医生远程检查患者)”可推知，远程呈现机器人在医院协助医生进行远程诊断时，可能会达到正确的目的。故选D。【30题详解】推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中的“Thisconversationalrobotcompanionhascamerasinitseyes,whichallowittotrackpatientsanduseappropriatefacialexpressionsandbodylanguageinitsinteractions.(这个会说话的机器人伴侣的眼睛里有摄像头，可以跟踪病人，并在互动中使用适当的面部表情和肢体语言)”可推知，AndroidF的特别吸引人之处在于其适当的互动反应。故选D。【31题详解】主旨大意题。根据第一段“AfterCOVID-19,theBureauofLaborStatisticspredictsthatwhilethenumberofnurseshasincreasedinthepastthreeyears,theU.S.stillexperiencesashortageofregisterednurses,andthattherewillbeoveronemillionunfillednursingjobs.Sowhat’sthesolution?Robots.(在2019冠状病毒病之后，美国劳工统计局预测，虽然护士人数在过去三年中有所增加，但美国仍然面临注册护士短缺的问题，将有超过100万个护士职位空缺。那么解决方案是什么呢？)”以及通读全文可知，文章主要讲述的是文章介绍了在未来，由于护士短缺，机器人将成为医疗领域的趋势，日本已经开发出了多款功能各异的医疗机器人，包括可以进行巡逻的Terapio、可以帮助病人的Robear和外表逼真的会交流的机器人ActroidF等。机器人将主要用于完成一些日常的重复性工作，从而减轻护士的负担，向患者提供更好的服务。由此可知，C选项“Robots—agoodsupplementtonurses(机器人——护士的良好补充)”概括文章主要内容，符合文章标题。故选C。浙江省教改共同体2023-2024学年高三上学期1月联考CForyears,communitiesaroundKenya’sTsavoNationalParkhavebeentroubledbyelephantsstraying(走失)intotheirfarmsandhomes.Residentsarecaughtunawareswheneverthehugecreaturesturnupintheirvillages,hurtingpeopleanddestroyingthings.FourKenyanteens,SandraLukindo,JoyceMoto,NancyWairimuandMacrinaAntonia,cameupwithasolar-poweredsensorkittoalert(使戒备)theauthoritiestostrayelephants.ThesefouryoungsterswontheStartupAfricaCompetitionandarenowtakingthegloba