牛津版初中语文九上期末复习训练-教师版-专题09 阅读理解（说明文议论文）

2024-2025学年九年级上期期末考点大串讲（牛津版）专题9阅读理解（说明文，议论文）【试题猜想】（摘自21世纪英语报）Sayhellotofutureyou!Imaginebeingabletotalktoyourfutureselfandgettoknowwhatyourlifemightbelikeyearsfromnow.Anewonlinechatplatform(平台)calledFutureYouhasmadethispossible.FutureYouwascreatedbyscientistsfromdifferentresearchinstitutes(机构),includingtheMassachusettsInstituteofTechnology(MIT)intheUS.PoweredbyAI,theprogrambeginsbyaskingusersquestionsabouttheirpersonalities,currentlivesandfutureplans.Itthenusesthisinformationas“memories”tocreateasimulation(模拟)oftheuserattheageof60.Thisallowsuserstoaskquestionsandgetadviceforthefuturefrom“themselves”.Theplatformcanalsoproduceaphotoforeachuser,showinghowtheymightlookatage60.“Thesystemmakesthesimulationveryrealistic(逼真的).FutureYouismuchmoredetailedthanwhatapersoncouldcomeupwithbyjustimaginingtheirfutureselves,”saidPattieMaes,aMITscientistwhoworkedontheprogram.Accordingtotheplatform’sofficialwebsite,FutureYouisdesignedto“helpusersdevelopmorelong-termthinking”byimprovingtheir“futureself-continuity”(未来自我连续性).Thistermdescribeshowconnectedapersonfeelstohisorherfutureself.Thestrongertheconnection,themorelikelyapersonistomakedecisionsthatbenefittheirlong-termwell-being,inareassuchasmoney,education,orhealth.ThescientiststestedFutureYouon344volunteers.ThosewhointeractedwithFutureYoufor10to30minutesfeltlessanxious(焦虑的)andmoremotivated(有动力的)abouttheuncertainnatureofthefuturecomparedtothosewhochattedwithageneralAIoronlyfilledoutsurveys.However,FutureYouhasitslimits.“Itisnotclearwhetherpeoplehavedoneanythingdifferent[or]changedtheirbehavior(行为)asaresultofinteractingwiththeirfutureself,”IvoVlaevfromtheUK’sUniversityofWarwicktoldEuronews.Inaddition,theAIprogramcanonlyofferalookintoonepossiblefuture,ratherthanmakevariouspredictions.Attheendoftheday,“it’sallabigpretend”,notedanarticleinForbes.Weshouldn’ttakeFutureYou’swordsascompletelytrue.

1.Whatdoparagraphs2and3mainlytalkabout?A.TheroleMITplayedinFutureYou.B.TheAItechnologyusedinFutureYou.C.ThecreationandfeaturesofFutureYou.D.ThedevelopmentbackgroundofFutureYou.2.WhatisthemainpurposeofFutureYou,accordingtotheofficialwebsite?A.Topredictfutureevents.B.Toreduceusers’stressesinlife.C.Tohelpusersplanforabetterfuture.D.Toconnectuserswithothers.3.HowdidthevolunteersfeelafterinteractingwithFutureYou?A.Morerealisticabouttheirlimitations.B.Lesssatisfiedwiththeircurrentlives.C.Moreconfidentintheirpastdecisions.D.Lessworriedandmoredrivenaboutthefuture.4.WhatisalimitationofFutureYoumentionedinthetext?A.Itcanonlyshowonepossiblefuture.B.ItmayleadtodependencyonAI.C.Itgivesoverlyoptimisticpredictions.D.Itonlyworksforaspecificagegroup.【答案】CCDA【解析】介绍了FutureYou平台的创建、特点、目的及局限性和志愿者测试情况。1.C第二段主要讲述了FutureYou的创建过程，包括由不同研究机构的科学家创建，以及它如何通过询问用户信息来创建60岁用户的模拟等；第三段讲述了这个平台还能为用户生成照片以及这个模拟很逼真等特点。所以这两段主要是关于FutureYou的创建和特点，A选项MIT在其中的作用只是部分内容；B选项AI技术只是创建过程中的一部分，不是两段主要内容；D选项发展背景文章未提及，所以选C。2.C根据文章第四段“Accordingtotheplatform’sofficialwebsite,FutureYouisdesignedto‘helpusersdevelopmorelong-termthinking’byimprovingtheir‘futureself-continuity’”可知，其目的是帮助用户发展更长远的思考，也就是帮助用户规划更好的未来，A选项预测未来事件不是官网提到的主要目的；B选项减少生活压力不是官网提到的目的；D选项连接用户和其他人文章未提及，所以选C。3.D文章第五段提到“ThosewhointeractedwithFutureYoufor10to30minutesfeltlessanxious(焦虑的)andmoremotivated(有动力的)abouttheuncertainnatureofthefuture”，即与FutureYou互动后的志愿者对未来的不确定性感到更不焦虑且更有动力，A选项关于自身局限性更现实文章未提及；B选项对当前生活更不满意文章未提及；C选项对过去的决定更有信心文章未提及，所以选D。4.A文章最后一段提到“theAIprogramcanonlyofferalookintoonepossiblefuture,ratherthanmakevariouspredictions”，即它只能展示一种可能的未来，这是它的一个局限性，B选项导致对AI的依赖文章未提及；C选项给出过于乐观的预测文章未提及；D选项只对特定年龄组有效文章未提及，所以选A。【真题演练】Passage1（2024·广雅中学三模）Inthepast10years,theuseofsocialmediahasgrowninawaythatnoonecouldhaveguessed.Ithasturnedsometeenagersintocelebrities(名人)andturnedthefamousintotheinfamous,overnight.Akeyfeature(特征)ofsocialmedia,however,isitsvolatility.Trends(趋向，动向)comeandgo,disappearingalmostasquicklyastheyappeared.ShortvideoappssuchasTikTok,alsoknownasDouyin,tooktheworldbystorm.TikTokwasonceranked8thonappstores,andDouyinhadmorethan300millionmonthlyactiveusers.Whyaretheseshortvideossopopular?JiangYige,Singapore-basedanalystatFengHeFundManagement,hasatheory.“Shortvideosarejustrighttofillinthelittlegapsinourbusyschedules,”hetoldCBC.Thesevideos,apartfrombeingveryconvenient,areimportanttoteenagersbecausetheyallowthemtoexpressthemselves,accordingtoTeenVogue.LizaKoshy,auseroftheappMusical,whohasover2millionfollowers,said,“Thesenseofcommunitythatusersofshortvideoappsgetisanotherattractivefeature.”However,thequickdevelopmentofsocialmediamaybehavingbadeffectstoo.Fake(虚假的)newsisoneseriousproblemitcauses.Materialssharedontheseplatformscanbefalseandcanmisleadusersonewayoranother.Weusesocialmediaallthetime,whichdoesn’tmeanthatweunderstandtheinfluenceitishavingonus.Weshouldbemindfulofboththetimewespendonitanditspowerfuleffectonourminds.37.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“volatility”inParagraph2possiblymean?A.Beingchangeable. B.Beingvaluable.C.Beingcomfortable. D.Beinginternational.38.AccordingtoLizaKoshy,whyareshortvideoappsverypopular?A.Theyareveryconvenient.B.Theyhelppeoplekilltime.C.Theyprovideasenseofcommunity.D.Theyallowpeopletoexpressthemselves.39.Whatdoweknowaboutsocialmedia?A.Watchingshortvideosisthemostpopularwayofourlife.B.Peoplecan’tcommunicatewitheachotherwithoutsocialmedia.C.Thereisstillmuchroomforsocialmediatomakeimprovement.D.Takingshortvideosisthebestwayforteenagerstoexpressthemselves.40.Whatdoesthewriterwanttotellusinthepassage?A.Shortvideoappswilltaketheworldbystorminthefuture.B.Socialmediacanhelpyouturnintocelebritiesveryquickly.C.Peoplecanshareanyinterestingmaterialsontheplatformswithoutchecking.D.It’swisetothinkcarefullyoverthetimeandtheeffectwhenweusesocialmedia.【答案】37.A38.C39.C40.D【解析】本文主要讲述了短视频软件的流行原因以及社交媒体存在的弊端。37.词义猜测题。根据“Trends(趋向，动向)comeandgo,disappearingalmostasquicklyastheyappeared.”可知，社交媒体的一个主要特点是它变化无常，某种趋势很快出现又很快消失，由此可知“volatility”的意思为“changeable”，表示“变化无常的”。故选A。38.细节理解题。根据“hesenseofcommunitythatusersofshortvideoappsgetisanotherattractivefeature.”可知，LizaKoshy认为短视频软件受用户欢迎的原因是它可以让用户有社区的归属感。故选C。39.推理判断题。根据“However,thequickdevelopmentofsocialmediamaybehavingbadeffectstoo.Fake(虚假的)newsisoneseriousproblemitcauses.Materialssharedontheseplatformscanbefalseandcanmisleadusersonewayoranother.”可知，社交媒体发展迅速，但也带来一些副作用，如虚假消息会误导用户，由此推知社交媒体还有很大的提升空间。故选C。40.推理判断题。根据“Weusesocialmediaallthetime,whichdoesn’tmeanthatweunderstandtheinfluenceitishavingonus.Weshouldbemindfulofboththetimewespendonitanditspowerfuleffectonourminds.”并结合全文内容可知，社交媒体会有一些负面影响，所以作者是想告诉我们要理智地使用社交媒体。故选D。Passage2（2024·广州实验中学三模）Althoughweoftenhearaboutdriverlesscars,itisstillnotclearwhenwewillbeabletobuyonetomakethoselongboringroadtripsaloteasier.Let’stakealookatwhy.Whatdriverlesstechnologyisinusenow?Theideaofadriverlesscardatesbackto1939!However,wearenotsurewhatdriverlesstechnologycanandcan’tdo.Whenmostpeoplethinkofdriverlesscars,theythinkofsittingbackintheircarandreadingabookwhilethecardoesalltheworkandgetsthemtowheretheywanttogo.Infact,thatkindoftechnologyismanyyearsaway.Atthemoment,ourcarcanhelpcontrolthedirection,butourattentionmuststillbeontheroad.Beforesmartertechnologybecomespopular,peoplewillneedtodealwithalotofproblems,suchasgettingthecartounderstandtheroadsignsandallowingcarsto“connect”tooneanother.Inthisway,allcarscanbeawareofwhatishappeningaroundthem.Whatproblemsaredriverlesscarsfacing?Thereareafewreasonswhydriverlesscarsmaytakesometimetocometofruition.AlthoughAIanddriverlessskillshavedevelopedforalongtime,AIstillisn’tassmartasahumanbrainwhensomethinghappenssuddenly.Driverlesstechnologyneedstobeabletodealwithsomeaccidentsbeforeitcanbecometrulypopular.Onlineattackisalsoakindofdanger.Hackers（黑客）couldgetintoyourcarandtakecontrolofyourcar,usingtheirskillstoeitherstealyourcarorevenhurtyou.Ourtechnologymustbesafebeforewegivetoomuchtrustindriverlesscars.Driverlesscarscouldactuallymaketheairpollutionworse.Ifpeopleareabletosleeporworkintheircars,therewillbeevenlessreasontogetpublictransport（公共交通）.Unlessdriverlesscarsareallpoweredbycleanenergy,theplanetwon’tbebetterwithmoredriverlesscars.30.Aboutdriverlesscars,thewriteragreesthat________.A.wecanbuysomeinthenearfuture.B.theywerefirstinventedinthe21stcentury.C.hackerswillsurelyoperateourcarsthroughtheInternet.D.thedriversstillhavetopaytheirattentionontheroadfornow.31.Thefollowingphrase“________”hasthesamemeaningastheunderlinedphrase“cometofruition”inParagraph3.A.comeintouse B.runfree C.setoff D.takeplace32.Accordingtothepassage,driverlesscarsarefacingtheproblemsEXCEPT________.A.airpollution B.highprice C.onlineattacks D.AItechnology33.Howdoesthewriterorganizethearticle?A. B.C. D.【答案】30.D31.A32.B33.B【解析】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了无人驾驶汽车目前还面临很多需要解决的问题。30.细节理解题。根据文中“Infact,thatkindoftechnologyismanyyearsaway.Atthemoment,ourcarcanhelpcontrolthedirection,butourattentionmuststillbeontheroad.”可知，作者认为目前司机仍需在路上集中注意力。故选D。31.词句猜测题。根据下文“AlthoughAIanddriverlessskillshavedevelopedforalongtime,AIstillisn’tassmartasahumanbrainwhensomethinghappenssuddenly.Driverlesstechnologyneedstobeabletodealwithsomeaccidentsbeforeitcanbecometrulypopular.”可知，虽然AI和无人驾驶技能已经发展了很长时间，但当突然发生一些事情时，AI仍然不如人脑聪明。无人驾驶技术需要能够处理一些事故，才能真正普及，可猜测出，无人驾驶汽车要投入使用的话还需要一段时间，故下划线短语的意思应是：投入使用，和comeintouse含义相同。故选A。32.推理判断题。根据文中“AlthoughAIanddriverlessskillshavedevelopedforalongtime,AIstillisn’tassmartasahumanbrainwhensomethinghappenssuddenly；Onlineattackisalsoakindofdanger；Driverlesscarscouldactuallymaketheairpollutionworse.”可推理出，无人驾驶汽车面临的问题不包括价格高。故选B。33.篇章结构题。通读全文可知，第一段提出了文章要讨论的问题：无人驾驶汽车；接下来分两个方面介绍：现在使用的无人驾驶技术；无人驾驶汽车面临的问题；第四、五和六段回答无人驾驶汽车面临的问题。故文章的结构应是如B图所示。故选B。Passage3（2024·华南师大附中三模）Manyeducatorsfearstudentswillusetheartificialintelligence(AI)toolChatGPTtowritetheirreportsorcheatonhomework.Butotherteachersareincludingitintheclassroom.DonniePierceyisateacherinLexington,Kentucky.Hetoldhis235th﹣gradestudentstotryandbeatthetoolthatwascreatingwritingtasks.PierceysayshisjobistopreparestudentsforaworldwhereknowledgeofAlwillberequired.HedescribesChatGPTasjustthenewesttechnologyinhis17yearsofteachingthatcausedworryaboutthepossibilityofcheating.“Aseducators,wehaven’tworkedoutthebestwaytouseAIyet,”headded.“Butit’scoming,whetherwewantittoornot.”Onelessoninhisclasswasawritinggamebetweenstudentsandthemachine.Pierceyaskedstudentsto“FindtheBot.”EachstudentwroteashortreportaboutboxerMuhammadAli.ThentheytriedtofindoutwhichwaswrittenbyChatGPT.Afterplaying“FindtheBot.”Pierceyaskedhisclasswhatskillsithelpedthemlearn.“Howtoproperlysummarizeandcorrectlycapitalizewordsandusecommas.”saidonestudent.Anotherstudentfeltthatsentenceswrittenbystudents“havealittlemorefeeling...moreflavor.”StudentsLaksiandMcCormick,both10,saidtheycouldseethegoodandbadpartsofworkingwithchatbots.Theycanhelpstudentswhohavetroubleputtingtheirthoughtsintowriting.McCormicksaidstudentscoulduseitforsuggestions,butshouldnotuseittodoallthework.“Youshouldn’ttakeadvantageofit,”McCormicksaid.“You’renotlearninganythingifyoutypeinwhatyouwant,andthenitgivesyoutheanswer.”29.WhichopinionwillDonniePierceypossiblyagreewith?A.ThebestwaytouseAIistoputitinclassroom.B.StudentsshouldnotuseAIforalltasks.C.StudentsshouldbepreparedtolivewithAI.D.AIisthebesttooltohelpwithstudents’learning.30.Inthegame“FindtheBot”,studentslearnedsomeskillsthatcanbeprovidedbyAIEXCEPT________.A.summarizinggiventextsproperlyB.capitalizingwordscorrectlyC.correctuseofcommasD.addingmoreflavortosentences31.ChatGPTisNOTsuitableforstudentswho________.A.totallydependonchatbotsB.searchforsomesuggestionsC.wanttolearnsomethingwithitD.havedifficultyexpressingthoughtsinwriting32.Inwhichsectionofthenewspaperwouldyouprobablyreadthisarticle?________A.Environment.B.History.C.Travel.D.Science.【答案】29.C30.D31.A32.D【解析】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了人工智能工具ChatGPT在美国学校不同受众之间的反映及看法。29.细节理解题。根据“Butit’scoming,whetherwewantittoornot.”可知，DonniePiercey认为AI的存在是不可避免的，学生们应该做好与人工智能共存的准备。故选C。30.细节理解题。根据“Pierceyaskedhisclasswhatskillsithelpedthemlearn.‘Howtoproperlysummarizeandcorrectlycapitalizewordsandusecommas.’saidonestudent.Anotherstudentfeltthatsentenceswrittenbystudents‘havealittlemorefeeling...moreflavor.’”可知，另一名学生认为学生写的句子更有感觉……更多的味道，而不是AI。故选D。31.细节理解题。根据“McCormicksaidstudentscoulduseitforsuggestions,butshouldnotuseittodoallthework”可知，ChatGPT不适合做所有的工作。故选A。32.推理判断题。根据第一段“Manyeducatorsfearstudentswillusetheartificialintelligence(AI)toolChatGPTtowritetheirreportsorcheatonhomework.Butotherteachersareincludingitintheclassroom.”结合全文可知，本文主要内容是关于人工智能，属于科学类。故选D。Passage4（2023-24·广州海珠区期末）Everyonefeelsstressedsometimes.Maybeyouhaveafamilysituationthatneedsextratimeandattention.Maybeyouhaveahardtimewithyourfriendsorclassmates.Maybeyouareillordon’tdowellinyourstudies.Sowhatcanyoudowhenyoufeelangry,worriedandstressedaboutthethingsthatareoutofyourcontrol?Ibelievethatifyouaddstressmanagementinyourdailylife,youcanmoreeasilydealwithyourstressfulsituations.Followthesetipstoinvitepeaceandhappinessintoyourlife.ExerciseOnewaytoworkoffstressandworriesistogetmoving.Youcandosportsorjusttakeawalk.Oneofthebenefitsofexercisingisthatyouwillallfeelcalmerandhappierafterwards.SmileSmilingandlaughingcanmakeyourelaxed.Agoodjokewithafriend,agoodmoviewithyourfamilyorjustsmilingatthesunshineworkwell.ListentomusicMusicisoneofthebestwaystoreducestressanditispopularwithpeopleofallages.Pickthemusicyoulike.It’susuallymoreeffectivewhenyouchoosesomethingquiet.Listentomusicthatmakesyoufeelrelaxedandcalm.DosomereadingReadingisalsoagoodwaytofightagainststress.Anybookthatgivesagood,positivemessageabouttheworldorthepeopleinitcanhelpyoufeelbetter.BeclosetonatureGooutandsmellthefreshair.Canyouhearthebirdssingingandfeelingthegentlewindonyourskin?Bringyourpeacefulscenetomindthenexttimeyouarefeelingannoyed.Yourstresswillbereleasedbynature.BegratefulThereisalwayssomethingyoucanbethankfulfor.Sometimesitisassimpleasthebreakfastyourmommakesforyou.Thinkaboutallthethingsthataregoodinyourlife.Positivethinkingbringsyoumoregoodthingstofeelgoodabout.Nexttimeyoufacestress,don’tworry.Justthinkabouttheabovetips,giveyourselftimealoneorwiththepeopleyoulove.Remember:agoodmoodbringsyouahealthybody.30.What’sthepurposeofwritingthisarticle?A.Tohelppeoplerelaxthemselves.B.Totellpeoplewhatahealthylifeis.C.Togivetipsonhavingastrongbody.D.Toshowwaysofsolvingproblems.31.Lucywassadbecauseshebrokeherlegandhadtostayinbedforafewweeks.Whatbetteradvicewouldyougiveher?①Exercise.②Smile.③Listentomusic.④Dosomereading.⑤Beclosetonature.⑥Begrateful.A.①④⑥ B.①⑤⑥ C.②③④ D.②③⑤32.Inwhichpartofanewspapercanyoureadthisarticle?A.Sports B.Life C.Fashion D.Travel33.Whichofthefollowingprobablymatchesthewriter’sopinion?A.Failureisthemotherofsuccess.B.Theearlybirdcatchestheworms.C.Intimeofdanger,one’smindworksfast.D.AllworkandnoplaymakesJackadullboy.【答案】30.A31.C32.B33.D【导语】本文主要介绍了如何在面对压力时如何应对和管理，帮助人们放松自己。重点介绍了运动、微笑、听音乐、阅读、接近大自然和感恩等五种帮助人们减压的方法。30.主旨大意题。根据第一段“Ibelievethatifyouaddstressmanagementinyourdailylife,youcanmoreeasilydealwithyourstressfulsituations.Followthesetipstoinvitepeaceandhappinessintoyourlife.”可知，写这篇文章的目的是帮助人们放松自己。故选A。31.推理判断题。由题干可知，Lucy腿受伤需要卧床休息几周，她可以微笑、听音乐或者阅读来放松自己。腿受伤就不能锻炼、亲近自然和感恩。所以，②③④符合语境。故选C。32.推理判断题。本文主要介绍了一些如何放松自己的方法。由此可知，在报纸的生活版块里可以读到本文。故选B。33.推理判断题。本文主要介绍了一些如何放松自己的方法，由此可知，选项D“只工作不玩，聪明的孩子也会变成傻子。”符合作者的观点。故选D。Passage5（2023-24·番禺区期末统考）Lastmonth,callsweremadetoraisethetaxesforsugarydrinks.Thisshowsgrowingworryovertheamountofsugarthatkidsaretakinginthroughcola,juicesandotherbeverages(饮料),anewstudyhasfoundthatoneinfivechildrendidnotdrinkanywateronagivendayandthatthosekidstookinmorecalories(卡路里)fromsweetenedbeveragesthankidswhodiddrinkwater.

Thestudysurveyedon8,400childrenacrossthecountrybetweentheagesof2and19.Researchersfoundthataround20percentofchildrenarereporteddrinkingnowaterthroughouttheday.Andtheytookinalmosttwiceasmanycaloriesthankidswhodiddrinksomewater.Overall,thechildrendrank132caloriesofcolasandothersugarybeveragesperday.Thatnumberdroppedto112caloriesiftheydrankanywater.Butkidswhodidn’tdrinkanywateratalltookinanaverageof210caloriesfromsweeteneddrinks.Thiscancausealotofproblems.“Thosecaloriesdon’tprovidemuchnutrition(营养)andtheycanaddup,”accordingtoprofessorAsher,ascientistinpublichealth.Sugarydrinkshavebeenlinkedtoanumberofdiseases,suchaschildhoodobesity,dentalproblemsandhighcholesterol.“I’veseen6-year-oldswithhighcholesterolandteenagerswithType2diabetes,”saidNatalie,adoctorforchildren.“Thesearediseasesweusedtoseeintheirgrandparents.”“Kidsshouldtakeinwatereverysingleday,andthefirstbeveragechoiceforkidsshouldbewater,”accordingtoNatalie.“Becauseifthey’renotdrinkingwater,likesugar-sweetenedbeverages,thatarelesshealthyandhavemorecalories.”Adultsshouldtakeuptheirresponsibilitytoencouragekidstodrinkwatersothattheydon’ttakeinsomethinglesshealthful.Andthingsneedtobedonetoensurechildhoodhealth.34.Whatcanwelearnaboutchildren’swaterdrinkingfromthesurvey?A.Eachofthechildrentookin210caloriesperday.B.Mostofthechildrendrankenoughwatereveryday.C.Childrenwhodranklesswaterwouldtakeinmorecalories.D.Thechildrenwhodrankwatertookintwiceasmanycalories.35.Howdoesthewritersupporthisideainparagraph3?A.Byshowingopinionsfromexperts.B.Bylistingnumbersfromasurvey.C.Bycomparinginterestingfacts.D.Bytellingstoriesfromgrandparents.36.Whatwouldprobablyhappentochildrenwhodrinksweetenedbeveragesinsteadofwater?A.Theywouldloseweight.B.Theywouldhavehealthproblems.C.Theywouldliveahappylife.D.Theywouldhavemorenutrition.37.Whatisthepurposeofthispassage?A.Todescribetheharmofsweetenedbeverages.B.Tocomparewaterwithsweetenedbeverages.C.Tosuggestsomewaystohelpchildrenliveahealthierlife.D.Tointroducetheimportanceofwaterdrinkingamongchildren.【答案】34.C35.A36.B37.D【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了孩子们饮水的重要性。34.细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Overall,thechildrendrank132caloriesofcolasandothersugarybeveragesperday.Thatnumberdroppedto112caloriesiftheydrankanywater.”可知，喝水少的孩子会摄入更多的卡路里。故选C。35.细节理解题。根据第三段中的“‘Thosecaloriesdon’tprovidemuchnutrition(营养)andtheycanaddup,’accordingtoprofessorAsher,ascientistinpublichealth.”以及“‘I’veseen6-year-oldswithhighcholesterolandteenagerswithType2diabetes,’saidNatalie,adoctorforchildren.‘Thesearediseasesweusedtoseeintheirgrandparents.’”可知，第三段作者通过展示专家的意见来支持自己的观点。故选A。36.细节理解题。根据第三段中的“‘Thosecaloriesdon’tprovidemuchnutrition(营养)andtheycanaddup,’accordingtoprofessorAsher,ascientistinpublichealth.”以及“‘I’veseen6-year-oldswithhighcholesterolandteenagerswithType2diabetes,’saidNatalie,adoctorforchildren.‘Thesearediseasesweusedtoseeintheirgrandparents.’”可知，喝加糖饮料而不喝水的孩子可能会有健康问题。故选B。37.主旨大意题。通读全文及文章最后一段中的“Adultsshouldtakeuptheirresponsibilitytoencouragekidstodrinkwatersothattheydon’ttakeinsomethinglesshealthful.Andthingsneedtobedonetoensurechildhoodhealth.”可知，本文主要介绍了孩子们饮水的重要性，D项符合。故选D。Passage6（2023-24·荔湾区期末统考）Everyday,oneinfiveparentsintheUKshareaphotooftheirchildrenonsocialmedia(社交媒体).Itisagreatwayforfriendsandfamilytokeepuptodatewitheachother’slives,somepeoplethinkthatchildrenshouldhaveasayinwhetherpicturesofthemselvesarepostedonline.Sowhocandecidewhetherphotosshouldbepostedonlineornot?Somepeoplethinkparentsshouldalwaysaskfirst.Parentsmaydothisforgood,butanythingpostedonlinemayremainthereforever.Thesemaybeseenbypeoplewhothechildrendon’twanttosharetheirchildhoodwith.Childrenshouldhavecontroloftheirownphotos.Eveniftheparentthinksitisanicepicture,thechildrenmaynotagree.Also,theymaynotwanttheirfriendstoknowwhattheyhavebeendoingintheholidaysorwhotheyarespendingtimewith.Forthosewhoholdanoppositeopinion,parentsareabletodecidewhatisbestfortheirchildren.Theysharephotoswithpeopletheyknowandtrust.Socialmediaisagreatwaytokeepintouchwithpeopleandfindoutwhatfamilyandfriendsareupto.Parentsknowhowtosettherightprivacysettingstomakesurethephotosareonlyseenbyfriendsandfamily.Besides,itisimportantthatchildren’srealnamesandthelocationarehidden.Parentsalsoselectphotosthatwon’tbeawkwardtothechildrenbecausealmosteverychildpreferstoleaveagoodimpressiononothers.It’sagreatwaytomakememories,too.Sincemostpeopledon’tkeepprintedphotosinalbums,socialmediaistheperfectplacetostoretheminstead.37.Whydon’tchildrenwanttheirphotostobesharedbyparentsonline?A.Childrendisagreetosharethephotoswithallthefriends.B.Childrendisliketosharetheirholidayswiththeirfriends.C.Parentsdon’tshowtherealnamesoftheirchildrenonline.D.Parentsdon’tknowhowtoprinttheonlinephotosinalbums.38.Whatdoestheunderlined“awkward”probablymeaninParagraph3?A.Embarrassing. B.Amazing. C.Boring. D.Pleasing.39.Whenmaystudentsallowparentstopostthephotosofthemaccordingtothepassage?A.Whentheirpersonalinformationisprotected.B.Whenallthefamilymembersareinthephotos.C.Whenthephotosareeasytodrawothers’attention.D.Wheneveryfriendoftheparents’canseethephotos.40.Whatisthispassageabout?A.Teachingparentshowtopostphotosonline.B.Makingthechildrenunderstandtheirparents.C.Discussingwhohasthefinalsayaboutphotospostingonline.D.Talkingabouttheproblemsbetweenparentsandtheirchildren.【答案】37.A38.A39.A40.C【导语】本文主要论述了谁可以决定是否将照片放在网上。37.推理判断题。根据文中“Thesemaybeseenbypeoplewhothechildrendon’twanttosharetheirchildhoodwith.”可知，孩子并不想和所有朋友分享，故选A。38.词义猜测题。根据文中“becausealmosteverychildpreferstoleaveagoodimpressiononothers.”可知，几乎每个孩子都喜欢给别人留下好印象，所以父母会选择不会让孩子尴尬的照片，awkward应意为“尴尬的”，与Embarrassing同义，故选A。39.细节理解题。根据文中“Theysharephotoswithpeopletheyknowandtrust.…Parentsknowhowtosettherightprivacysettingstomakesurethephotosareonlyseenbyfriendsandfamily.Besides,itisimportantthatchildren’srealnamesandthelocationarehidden.”可知，如果他们的个人信息被保护的话，学生会同意父母上传他们的照片，故选A。40.主旨大意题。根据文中“Sowhocandecidewhetherphotosshouldbepostedonlineornot?”可知，本文主要讨论谁可以决定是否将照片放在网上，故选C。Passage7（2023-24·深圳福田区期末）Oneofmyfavoriteinventionsinrecentyearsisfaceunlocking.Withoutneedingtoliftmyfingersandtypeinthenumbers,Icangetstraightintomyphonewithjustalook.Nowthereisanewtechnologydesignedtoreplacethepasswordcalledthe“passkey”!Passkeysturnyourphoneintosomethingabitlikeawallet,whichyoucanusetostoremembershipcardstoallofyourappsandservices.Whenyouneedtologintoawebsite,you’lljusthavetotapabuttononyourphoneandyourpasskeywalletwillletyouinwithoutanyworry.Andhowdoesitkeepthiswalletsafe?Byusingthesame“biometric(生物统计)”checkyourphoneuses—afacescanorafingerprintthatcannoteasilybeforged.Passkeyswon’tjustsaveusfromhavingtorememberpasswordsbut,perhapslogginginwithapasskeywillactuallybemuchsaferthantypingapassword.Thisisbecauseitusesatechnologycalled“publickey”cryptography(密码)whichisoneofthebuildingblocksoftheInternet—andishowcomputershavesecurelycommunicatedwithothercomputersforsomanyyears.Toputitsimply,itworksabitlikeakey,insteadofapassword.Withapassword,thewebsitehastokeepadatabase(数据库)ofeveryone’spasswordstocheckagainstwhenyoulogin.Butwithapasskey,whenyoucreateyouraccountonawebsite,itwilleffectivelycreateanewlockandkey.Thewebsitewillkeepthelock,★.Ithinkit’sareallycleveridea,andthatpasskeysaregoingtomakeourdigitallivesevensafer.So,nexttimeyou’recomplainingthatyoucan’trememberyourpassword,don’tworrytoomuch.Itwon’talwaysbelikethis!36.Thewriterexplainshowthepasskeysworkby________.A.givingexamples B.listingnumbersC.raisingquestions D.comparingsimilarthings37.Theunderlinedword“forged”inparagraph3means________.A.copied B.printed C.canceled D