高考英语一轮复习知识清单：过去分词七大典型用法（含答案及解析）

【口或本】专题11过去分词七大典型用法（清单）（原卷版）

目录

过去分词考点用法思维导图P1

考点清单一：过去分词直接作状语典型用法P2

考点清单二：“连词+过去分词”构成状语从3百露用二P2

考点清单三：“be+过去分词+介词”结构作状语用法P2

考点清单四：过去分词作宾语补足语典型用法P3

考点清单五：过去分词作定语典型用法P3

考点清单六：过去分词作表语典型用法P3

考点清单七：过去分词用于谚语、插入语其型而3P4

分类训练（一）单句填空（高考真题）P5

分类训练（二）单句填空（模拟试题）P4

分类训练（三）单句改错（高考真题）P5

分类训练（四）写作升格（高考书面襄盅）P5

分类训练（五）语法填空（外刊原创）P5

（一）贵州台盘村'村BA”风靡全国P5

（二）二十四节气之大暑习俗P6

过去分词考点用法思维导图

bangdone,havingbeendone蟆动形式形式

过去分词

TlwbuycHibii：thefine

place

ThehoweAbcin<bvlttg

。通”心12”.◎“以加恒^破吻和进行J定第

Tha^pBostnewcomeag»iiL❸作）23

刨JinnIe-IE在下蹩的叶子❶dowgiMift行“件

Ihlkn!«■*«eai下aw王❷dcmditM

0®®皿回u说明王谩的检征我在分河

作表语分词

He・〔henews,我亦主语的状态过去分询'www

用法

❶«e-»ftifi*dotagah■见……正俗•二二

❷k夷嬉j■见……正在检司_»©»宣娴臼

❷j■姐……MMtI憎埔

O♦英雷Yoi®!；rth.使……特续等....

_ImanawiB1

❷mgr奔诱+&O•让……•做•,

“__________上❶HI壬动和同时发生

Heandather,n«<KiDgthatshewa>tiny.-

ThebeadiercanirAothelab,一❷小神浣成作状一

followedsome<udenisi

考点清单一：过去分词直接作状语典型用法

要点精讲：过去分词作状语，逻辑主语是句子的主语，用作时间、原因、条件、让步、伴随状语，强调该

动作与句子主语之间的被动关系。

例1：Cleaiivandthou史htfullvwritten,thebookinspiresconfidenceinstudentswhowishtoseektheirown

answers.

例2：Pressedf/onihisDarents、andrealizingthathehaslittletimeleft,theboyisdeterminedtofocusonhis

project.

【即时训练】用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。

1.(encourage)bythespeech,theyoungpeoplemadeuptheirmindstotakeupthestruggle.

2.(wait)inthequeueforhalfanhour,Tomsuddenlyrealizedhehadlefthiswalletathome.

3.(bite)twice,thepostmanrefusedtodeliverourlettersunlesswechainedourdog.

4.(determine)togiveupsmoking,hethrewawayhisremainingcigarettes.

考点清单二：“连词+过去分词”构成状语从句省略用法

要点精讲：用于''连词+过去分词”结构，构成状语从句省略句式，表示从句谓语与句子主语之间的被动

关系。

例1：Oncemairied、Joedevotedherlifetobeingafull-timehomemaker.

例2：Therearesomehealthproblemsthat,whennottreatedintime,canbecomebiggeroneslateron.

例3：askedforhisviewsabouthisteachingjob,Philipsaidhefounditveryinterestingandrewarding.

【即时训练】用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。

5.Whenfirst(introduce)tothemarket,theseproductsenjoyedgreatsuccess.

6.Nomatterhowfrequently(perform),theworksofBeethovenstillattractpeopleallovertheworld.

7.When(compare)cultures,weoftenfocusonthedifferenceswithoutnoticingthesimilarities.

考点清单三：“be+过去分词+介词”结构作状语用法

要点精讲

部分动词常用于“be+过去分词+介词”结构，可以用作谓语、主语或状语

beabsorbedin被...吸引，专注于belostin迷失在...中

bedressedin穿着...becaught/trapped/stuckin被困在...

beoccupiedin忙碌于...belocated/situatedin坐落在...

beequipped/furnishedwith被酉己备...beloaded/burdenedwith担负着...

befacedwith面临着...beaccustomed/usedtodoing习惯于做某事

bedevoted/committedtodoing致力于做某事beaddictedtodoing对...上瘾

例1：Thesunbegantoriseinthesky,bathedinthemountainingoldenlight.

例2：Absorbedinreading,Tomdidn'tevennoticehismomcomein.

【即时训练】用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。

8.(trap)intheriverforfivehours,thethieflookedverypaleandexhausted.

9.(trap)intheriverforfivehoursmakesthethieflooksverypaleandexhausted.

10.Thethief(trap)intheriverforfivehours,helookedverypaleandexhausted.

11.Thethief(trap)intheriverforfivehours,sohelookedpaleandexhausted.

12.(devote)toeducation,hewenttothemountainousareastoteach.

13.(expose)toalotofnewideaswhenstudyingincollege,Maryalwaysdoessomethingthatothers

can'tunderstand.

考点清单四：过去分词作宾语补足语典型用法

要点精讲1:过去分词作宾语补足语，逻辑主语是句子的主语或宾语，用作观感使役类动词的宾补，如see,

watch,hear,notice,have,make,leave,keep,findo

例1：Beforedrivingintothecity,youarerequiredtogetcarwashed.

例2：Shecouldn'tmakeherselfheardbecauseofthetrafficnoise.

【即时训练】用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。

14.Themanagersdiscussedtheplanthattheywouldliketosee(carry)outthenextyear.

15.Shereturnedhome,onlytofindthedooropenandanumberofthings(go/steal/miss/go/lose)

16.Theprogramwassoexcitingthatthechildrenkepttheireyes(fix)onthescreen.

17.Hegothisbadtooth(pull)yesterday,forithadcausedhimtoomuchpain.

18.WhenIcamein,Ifoundastrangegirl(seat)inthecomer.

要点精讲2:用于“with+名词/代词+过去分词”结构作宾补；省略with则转化为“名词/代词+过去分词”构

成的独立主格结构。

例1：Wit/iallthemonepusedUD,themanhadtomakealivingbybegging.

例2：Muchtimespentsittingatadesk,officeworkersaregenerallytroubledbyhealthproblems.

【即时训练】用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。

19.Herushedintotheroom,withhisface(cover)withsweat.

20.Thechildrenwenthomefromthegrammarschool,theirlessons(finish)fortheday.

21.Withthedifficultproblem(settle),hethrewhimselfinthesofainrelief.

22.Itisestimatedthatbytheendofthisyear,thenumberofpeopleusinghanfuproductsinChinawillreach6.89

million,withtotalsales(expect)toreach10.16billionyuan.

考点清单五：过去分词作定语典型用法

要点精讲2:过去分词作定语，逻辑主语是被修饰的名词或代词.单个分词常作前置定语，分词短语多作后

置定语；过去分词作定语表示一个被动的、已发生的动作。

例1：Theweddingceremonytookplaceinabrightlydecoratedhotelroom.

例2：Anumberofroadshaveblockedbyfallentreesbecauseoftheheavyrain.

例3：ManywordsassociatedwithlifeintheWestareSpanish.

【即时训练】用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。

23.Fromthedates(mark)onthegoldcoin,wedecideditwasmadefivehundredyearsago.

24.Canthose/(sit/seat)atthebackoftheclassroomhearme?

25.Ateamofscientists(lead)byaprofessorhasfoundoutthatthemonarchisabletotellthetimeofday.

26.Theclub,(found)25yearsago,isholdingapartyforpastandpresentmembers.

27.Theoldladywassokindthatsheadoptedmany(abandon)catsanddogs.

考点清单六：过去分词作表语典型用法

要点精讲：过去分词作表语，逻辑主语是句子的主语，常位于be动词或remain,sound,feel等系动词之后；

“get+过去分词”结构也是被动语态。

【即时训练】用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。

例1：Thoughhewasanewman,hegotaccustomedtothewayoflifehereverysoon.

例2：Tomsounds»eryinterestedinthejob,butTmnotsurewhetherhecanmanageit.

【即时训练】用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。

28.Pleaseremain(seat);thewinneroftheprizewillbeannouncedsoon.

29.Sarah,hurryup.I'mafraidyouwon'thavetimetoget(change)beforetheparty.

30.Forthosewithfamilymembersfaraway,thepersonalcomputerandthephoneareimportantinstaying

(connect).

31.Thestorywasso(move)thatallofuswere(move)totears.

考点清单七：过去分词用于谚语、插入语典型用法

快！］：Comparedwithtraditionaleducation,onlineeducationhasmanyadvantages.

【即时训练】用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。

32.Unitedwestand;(divide)wefall.

33.Well(begin),halfdone.

34.Friendshipislikemoney:easiermadethan(keep).

35.Michael'snewhouseislikeahugepalace,(compare)withhisoldone.

分类训练(一)高考真题

用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。

1.(2022全国乙卷)“AsamainpromoteroftheInternationalTeaDay...Chinahasaresponsibilitytoworkwith

othercountriestopromotethehealthydevelopmentoftheteaindustry.Itcanhelptobuildacommunitywitha

(share)futureformankind/hesaid.

2.(2022全国甲卷)InspiredbytheBeltandRoadForumforInternationalCooperation(hold)in

Beijing,Caodecidedtocovertheroutebyhikingasatribute(致敬)totheancientSilkRoad.

3.(2021北京卷)Thereisadramaticriseinthenumberofextremeweathereventsoverthepast20years,

(cause)largelybyrisingglobaltemperatures,accordingtoanewreportfromtheUnitedNations.

4.(2021全国乙卷)Itisdifferentfromtraditionaltourismbecauseitallowsthetravelertobecome

(educate)abouttheareas-bothintermsofgeographicalconditionsandculturalcharacteristics,andoftenprovides

moneyforconservationandbenefitsthedevelopmentofthelocalareas.

5.(2021新高考I卷)Butthafshownatureis一alwaysleavingus(astonish).

6.(2020全国II卷)Theymakegreatgifsandyouseethemmanytimes(decorate)withred

envelopesandmessagesofgoodfortune.

7.(2023全国甲卷)Behindthesimplestyle,however,isaseriousmessage66(intend)foreveryone.

8.(2020•天津卷)(complete)in1931,theEmpireStateBuilding,thehighestskyscraperuntil1954,

inspiredtheimaginationoftheworld.

9.(2023全国乙卷卷)FromBuddhisttemplestomuseums,narrowhutongtoroyalpalaces,itishometomorethan

3,000yearsofglorioushistoryevendowntoitslayout,withthecitykeepingitscarefully(build)

systemofringroads.

10.(2023新高考I卷)Shanghaimaybethe39(recognize)homeofthesoupdumplingsbutfood

historianswillactuallypointyoutotheneighboringcanaltownofNanxiangasXiaolonghao'sbirthplace.

分类训练(二)模拟试题

用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。

11.Pahlssonandherhusbandnowthinktheringprobablygot(sweep)intoapileofkitchenrubbishand

wasspreadoverthegarden.

12.Withthegovernmentaid,those(affect)bytheearthquakehavemovedtothenewsettlements.

13.MichaelputupapictureofYaoMingbesidethebedtokeephimself(remind)ofhisowndreams.

14.Hearingthegoodnews,Ifeltaheavyload(take)offmymind.

15.Whenwillyougotothehospitalandhaveyourtooth(examine)?

16.(face)withsomuchtrouble,Chinahassucceededcontrollingthespreadofcovid-19.

17.Thepolicerecommendedthatthe(injure)intheaccident(take)tothehospital.

18.Unless(invite)tospeak,youshouldremainsilentattheconference.

19.(locate)inthecenterofthecity,theparkisagoodplaceforarestatweekends.

20.Whenhecamebacktolife,hefoundhimselflyingonthefloor,withhishands（tie）behind.

分类训练（三）单句改错

下列各句均有一处错误，请指出并纠正。

21.（2020•全国I）Ilikeeatingfryingtomatoeswitheggs,andIthoughtitmusttobeeasytocook.

22.Withtheboyledtheway,thesoldiersmanagedtowalkthroughtheforest.

23.Concerningaboutherson'sfuture,themotherhasbeensleepingverybadlythesemonths.

24.Comparewithherachievements,hershortcomingsareonlysecondary.

25.1absolutelyhateitwhenpeopleeatatmyhouseandhavetheireyesgluingtotheirphonesfortheentiremeal.

26."It'sreallyaniceplace,“Mothersaidasshesatatthetablereserveforcustomers

27.ConvincingthatIwouldtrymybesttohelphim,hebecamelessworried.

28.Jimhasretired,buthestillrememberthehappytimespendingwithhisstudents.

29.Theelevatordoorsslidopen,andacouple,dressinginelegantcoats,appearedwithshoppingbags.

30.IamusedtoreadingChinaDailyeverymorning,asitcankeepmeinformingofthepresenteventsbothat

homeandabroad.

分类训练（四）句式升级

书面表达句式升级：请运用过去分词翻译下列各句。

31.（2022全国乙卷）因为缺乏自律，他们更容易对网上聊天和玩电脑游戏上瘾。

32.（2022全国甲卷）没有海洋，就没有生命可以活下来，包括人类。

33.（2023新高考卷）考虑到这些关切，我想提供一个口语练习可供选择的办法。

34.（2021全国乙卷）和传统学校教育相比，网上学习可以随时随地发生。

35.（2021全国乙卷）我很荣幸站在这里演讲，题目是“做一名智慧的网络学习者”。

36.（2021全国乙卷）这不仅使我们随时随地学习，还可以为我们提供各种为我们定指的学习材料。

37.（2021全国乙卷）另外，密切跟踪老师网络课堂内容是明智的，以便我们可以更加参与、聚焦和有动力。

38.（2021全国甲卷）消息传来我们学校将要举行一个与中国传统风俗有关的班会。

39.（2021新高考I卷）自从订阅《青年》报纸以来我已成为一名忠实的读者。

40.（2021新高考I卷）尽管我感到很困惑，我还是收到很多鼓励，这给我信心去成为一名作家。

分类训练（五）语篇运用（外刊原创）

（-）贵州台盘“村BA”风靡全国

Gamethatshowsprosperityandhappiness

ChinaDaily|Updated:2023-06-0907:06

InMarch,mediaoutletsacrossChinareportedtheVBAeventinGuizhouprovince,generatingevenmore

excitement]theprofessionalCBAmatches.The2(participant)wereallvillageresidents

whohadreturnedfromthefieldsorfromtheirmigrantworkinthecities3(take)partinthe

tournament.

BothbasketballandfootballhavearrivedinabigwaywithaudiencesinChina.Althoughthestarplayersof

theVBAarenomatchtoprofessionalsintheCBA,peopleappreciatetheVBAmoreforthe4

(dedicate)andjoy5(display)onthecourt.

Overthepasttwodecades,alargenumberofruralyouth6(move)tocitiesforwork,whichhas

broughtsubstantialincomeandnewideastothecountrysidebuthasalsohollowedoutruralareas.

Duringabasketballgameinavillage,therearenotjusttheathletescompetingonthefield7a

largenumberofruralaudiencesenjoyingthematch,whichis8sighttobehold.Thislivelyatmosphere

ofpeople9(enjoy)economicdevelopmentinaruralsettingis10addstothebeauty.

(-)二十四节气之大暑习俗

MajorHeatisthelastsolarterminsummer."Shu"meanshot,nDashunmeansveryhot.MajorHeatmarks

the](hot)momentofayear.Nowonderthereisasaying:"Youmayfeelinasteamingenvironment

duringthisperiod."TheaveragetemperatureofthisperiodinmostpartsofChinausuallyreaches35℃,andit

maygouptoashighas40℃insomeplaces.Extremeweatherconditions,suchasthunderstorm,drought,flood,

andtyphoon,occur2(frequent)duringthisperiod.

SendingtheMajorHeatShip

SendingtheMajorHeatshipisafolktraditionspanninghundredsofyearsinTaizhou,Zhejiangprovince.

Theshipisfilledwith3(vary)animalsforsacrificesuchaspigs,sheep,chicken,fish,andshrimps.

Morethan50fishermentaketurnscarryingtheshipastheymarchthroughthestreets.Drums4(play)

andfireworksarelit.5sidesofthestreetarefilledwithpeopleprayingforblessings.Afteraseriesof

ceremonies,theshipisfinallycarriedtothewharf.Then,theshipispulledoutofthefishingportandburnedat

sea.Peoplecarryoutthisritual6(pray)forgoodharvestsandhealth.

EatingGrassJelly

ManyplacesinsouthernChinahavethecustomof"eatinggrassjelly"duringtheMajorHeat.Grassjellyis

madewithaspecialgrass7stemsandleavescanbemadeintograssjellyafter8(dry)in

thesun.9theamazingabilitytoquellthesummerheat,grassjellyisdescribedinapopularsayingin

Guangdongprovincethat10(go),"eatinggrassjellyinMajorHeatwillmakeyoustayyounglikethe

immortals."

【口或本】专题11过去分词七大典型用法（清单）（解析版）

目录

过去分词考点用法思维导图P1

考点清单一：过去分词直接作状语典型用法P2

考点清单二：“连词+过去分词”构成状语从3百露用二P2

考点清单三：“be+过去分词+介词”结构作状语用法P2

考点清单四：过去分词作宾语补足语典型用法P3

考点清单五：过去分词作定语典型用法P4

考点清单六：过去分词作表语典型用法P4

考点清单七：过去分词用于谚语、插入语其型而3P5

分类训练（一）单句填空（高考真题）P5

分类训练（二）单句填空（模拟试题）P6

分类训练（三）单句改错（高考真题）P7

分类训练（四）写作升格（高考书面襄盅）P7

分类训练（五）语法填空（外刊原创）P8

（一）贵州台盘村'村BA”风靡全国P8

（二）二十四节气之大暑习俗P8

过去分词考点用法思维导图

皿*崛R曲注主动彤式八一

TlwbuycHibii：thefine

place

ThehoweAbcin<bvlttg

。通”心12”.◎“以加恒^破吻和进行J定第

Tha^pBostnewcomeag»iiL❸作）23

刨JinnIe-IE在下蹩的叶子❶dowgiMift行“件

Ihlkn!«■*«eai下aw王❷dcmditM

0®®皿回u说明王谩的检征我在分河

作表语分词

He・〔henews,我亦主语的状态过去分询'www

用法

❶«e-»ftifi*dotagah■见……正俗•二二

❷k夷嬉j■见……正在检司_»©»宣娴臼

❷j■姐……MMtI憎埔

O♦英雷Yoi®!；rth.使……特续等....

_ImanawiB1

❷mgr奔诱+&O•让……•做•,

“__________上❶HI壬动和同时发生

Heandather,n«<KiDgthatshewa>tiny.-

ThebeadiercanirAothelab,一❷小神浣成作状一

followedsome<udenisi

考点清单一：过去分词直接作状语典型用法

要点精讲：过去分词作状语，逻辑主语是句子的主语，用作时间、原因、条件、让步、伴随状语，强调该

动作与句子主语之间的被动关系。

例1：Cleaiivandthou史htfullvwritten,thebookinspiresconfidenceinstudentswhowishtoseektheirown

answers.

例2：Pressedf/onihisDarents、andrealizingthathehaslittletimeleft,theboyisdeterminedtofocusonhis

project.

【即时训练】用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。

1.(encourage)bythespeech,theyoungpeoplemadeuptheirmindstotakeupthestruggle.

2.(wait)inthequeueforhalfanhour,Tomsuddenlyrealizedhehadlefthiswalletathome.

3.(bite)twice,thepostmanrefusedtodeliverourlettersunlesswechainedourdog.

4.(determine)togiveupsmoking,hethrewawayhisremainingcigarettes.

［答案与解析］

1.Encouragedoencourage和句子主语之间构成被动关系，且已经发生。故答案是Encouraged。

2.Havingwaitedowait和句子主语之间构成主动关系，且已经发生。故答案是Havingwaited。

3.Bitteno分析句子结构结合句意可知，设空处用非谓语动词作原因状语，动作bite(咬)与主语postman(邮

递员)之间为被动关系，所以应用过去分词形式表被动，空处位于句首，首字母需大写，故填Bitten。

4.Determinedo句意：下定决心戒烟了，他扔掉了还剩下的香烟。句中的threw可知，设空处应该填写非

谓语动词。bedeterminedtodosth."下定决心做某事”，为固定搭配，此处作状语，省略be。同时该单词

置于句首，首字母应该大写。故填Determined。

考点清单二：“连词+过去分词”构成状语从句省略用法

要点精讲：用于“连词+过去分词”结构，构成状语从句省略句式，表示从句谓语与句子主语之间的被动

关系。

例1：Oncemarried、Joedevotedherlifetobeingafull-timehomemaker.

例2：Therearesomehealthproblemsthat,whennottreatedintime,canbecomebiggeroneslateron.

例3：Wfte”askedforhisviewsabouthisteachingjob,Philipsaidhefounditveryinterestingandrewarding.

【即时训练】用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。

5.Whenfirst(introduce)tothemarket,theseproductsenjoyedgreatsuccess.

6.Nomatterhowfrequently(perform),theworksofBeethovenstillattractpeopleallovertheworld.

7.When(compare)cultures,weoftenfocusonthedifferenceswithoutnoticingthesimilarities.

【答案与解析】

5.introducedo状语从句谓语动词与句子主语之间构成被动关系。故答案是introduced。

6.performedo原句可以还原为Nomatterhowfrequentlytheyareperformedo故答案是performedo

7.comparingo从句谓语动词compare与句子主语之间构成逻辑上主动关系，故答案是comparing。

考点清单三：“be+过去分词+介词”结构作状语用法

要点精讲

部分动词常用于“be+过去分词+介词”结构，可以用作谓语、主语或状语

beabsorbedin被...吸引，专注于belostin迷失在...中

bedressedin穿着...becaught/trapped/stuckin被困在...

beoccupiedin忙碌于...belocated/situatedin坐落在...

beequipped/furnishedwith被酉己备...beloaded/burdenedwith担负着...

befacedwith面临着...beaccustomed/usedtodoing习惯于做某事

bedevoted/committedtodoing致力于做某事beaddictedtodoing对...上瘾

例1：Thesunbegantoriseinthesky,bathedinthemountainingoldenlight.

例2：Absorbedinreadin七Tomdidn'tevennoticehismomcomein.

【即时训练】用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。

8.(trap)intheriverforfivehours,thethieflookedverypaleandexhausted.

9.(trap)intheriverforfivehoursmakesthethieflooksverypaleandexhausted.

10.Thethief(trap)intheriverforfivehours,helookedverypaleandexhausted.

11.Thethief(trap)intheriverforfivehours,sohelookedpaleandexhausted.

12.(devote)toeducation,hewenttothemountainousareastoteach.

13.(expose)toalotofnewideaswhenstudyingincollege,Maryalwaysdoessomethingthatothers

can'tunderstand.

【答案与解析】

8.Havingbeentrapped/trappedobetrappedin表示“被困在..”,既是被动又已经发生。故答案是Having

beentrapped/trappedo

9.Beingtrappedo故答案是Beingtrapped。结合语境应用动名词短语作主语，又是被动含义。

10.havingbeentrapped/trappedo故答案是havingbeentrapped/trappedo前半句构成独立主格结构。

11.hadbeentrappedo故答案是hadbeentrappedoso连接并列句，前半句缺少谓语动词，需要被动语态。

12.Devotedo句意:他致力于教育事业，到山区教书。此处为短语bedevotedto,表示“致力于”，此处省

略be动词，用过去分词作状语，句首单词首字母要大写。故填Devoted。

13.Exposedo句意：读大学时接触了许多新思想，Mai*y总是做一些他人无法理解的事情。词组beexposed

to意为“被暴露于、使接触”。分析句子可知，“读大学时接触了许多新思想”是Mary做别人无法理解之事

的原因，故用过去分词做原因状语。故填Exposed。

考点清单四：过去分词作宾语补足语典型用法

要点精讲1:过去分词作宾语补足语，逻辑主语是句子的主语或宾语，用作观感使役类动词的宾补，如see,

watch,hear,notice,have,make,leave,keep,findo

例1：Beforedrivingintothecity,youarerequiredtogetcwwashed.

例2：Shecouldn'tmakeherselfheardbecauseofthetrafficnoise.

【即时训练】用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。

14.Themanagersdiscussedtheplanthattheywouldliketosee(carry)outthenextyear.

15.Shereturnedhome,onlytofindthedooropenandanumberofthings(go/steal/miss/go