新教材适用2024-2025学年高中英语Unit1ScienceFiction学业质量检测新人教版选择性必修第四册

Unit1学业质量检测(时间：120分钟满分：150分)选择题部分第一部分：听力(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.Wheredoestheconversationtakeplace?CA．Atafruitshop.B．Atacandyshop.C．Atthewoman'shouse.2.Whatcoloristheman'stoothbrush?AA．Blue. B．Green.C．Red.3.Whatisthenewbuilding?AA．Anofficebuilding.B．Adepartmentstore.C．Ahospital.4.Whendoesthegirlhavetogotobed?AA．At8∶00p．m. B．At9∶00p．m.C．At11∶00p．m.5.Whatisthemanmostlyworriedabout?BA．Thesafetyofthemachine.B．Thesafetyoftheairplane.C．Theserviceoftheairhostess.其次节(共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6.Whatarethespeakersdoing?BA．Paintingthewalls.B．Movingfurniture.C．Cleaningthehouse.7.Whatdoesthemansayaboutthework?CA．Itisveryboring.B．Itiswelldone.C．Itisunnecessary.听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。8.Howistheweathertoday?CA．Windy. B．Cool.C．Nice.9.Whatseasonisitprobably?CA．Spring. B．Fall.C．Winter.10.Howdoesthemanfindthewoman'ssuggestion?AA．Dangerous. B．Wonderful.C．Justso-so.听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。11.WhatdoesthemanfindthemostdifficultinlearningEnglish?CA．Speaking. B．Writing.C．Listening.12.Whatdoesthemanthinkofthewoman'ssuggestiononimprovinglisteningfinally?BA．Itisimpractical.B．Itisagoodidea.C．Itissilly.13.Whatisthemanadvisedtodotoimprovehiswriting?AA．FindanEnglishpenfriend.B．WatchEnglishTVprogrammes.C．ListentoEnglishradioprogrammes.听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。14.WhydoesthewomangotoJapan?AA．Tostudy. B．Tofindajob.C．Totravel.15.Whatdidthemanplantodooriginally?BA．Workinasupermarket.B．Openhisownbusiness.C．StudyinJapan.16.Whatjobdoesthemanprobablydonow?BA．Adoctor. B．Ashopassistant.C．Anofficer.17.Whatisthepossiblerelationshipbetweenthetwospeakers?AA．Friends. B．Colleagues.C．Teacherandstudent.听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。18.WhenweremanyofYork'slandmarksbuilt?AA．DuringtheMiddleAges.B．DuringtheVikingoccupation.C．DuringtheRomanoccupation.19.Whichisamust-visitinYork?AA．TheShambles.B．Georgiantownhouses.C．TheVictorianrailwaystation.20.What'sthepurposeofthetalk?BA．TointroduceYork'sorigin.B．ToattractvisitorstoYork.C．Torecommendbuildings.听力原文Text1M：Thissheetsmellslikestrawberries.Whendidyouwashit?W：Ididn'twashit.Ithinkmylittlegirlwaseatingcandyonthatbed.I'msosorry.M：Noproblem.Ithinkitsmellsgood.Text2M：Who'sbeenusingmytoothbrush?W：Notme，Dad.Iusetheblueoneeverymorning,andMomusesthegreenone.M：Alice！Yoursisred,notblue!Text3M：AnewbuildingisgoinguponSpringStreet.Itwillreplacetheolddepartmentstore.Iguessitmightbeahospital.W：Ireadinthepaperthatit'sanofficebuilding.Text4W：Whattimedoyouhavetogotobedeverynight,Mike?M：Inthesummer,Igotobedat11∶00p．m.Butwhenschoolstarts,I'llhavetobeinbedby9∶00p．m.W：Mybedtimeat8∶00p．m.isunreasonable!Text5M：What'sthatclickingnoise？Doyouhearit？Isthisairlinesafe?W：Oh，theairhostessisdoingthat.Theycountthepassengerswithalittlesilvermachine.Themachineclickseverytimetheycountsomeone.Text6W：Thatdoesn'tlookright.Canyouputthesofanexttothatsidetable?M：Youmeanweputthesofaacrossfromthebookshelf?W：Yes.Oh，andmaybeweshouldjustmovethecoffeetableoverherebythesechairs.M：Anythingelse?W：Well，nowthefurniturelooksgood,butIthinkweshouldmovethosepictures.M：Idon'tknowwhyyou'removingeverything.Itlookedfinebefore.Text7M：It'safinedaytoday.W：Yes.M：Muchbetterthanyesterday,isn'tit?W：Yes,butitwillbewindyandcoldtomorrow.M：Idon'tmindaslongasitdoesn'tsnow.W：Me,neither.Doyouwanttogoout?M：Ofcourse.Doyouhaveanyplan?W：Howaboutskating？Itwasfivedegreesbelowzeroyesterday.Iguessthelakeiscoveredwithicenow.M：ButIdon'tthinktheiceisstrongenoughyet.W：Perhapsyouareright.Ihopeforcolderweather,sowecangoskating.M：SodoI.Text8W：WhatdoyoufindthehardestinlearningEnglish?M：Ifindlisteningreallydifficult.W：Well，youjustneedalotofpractice.M：It'seasiersaidthandone!W：Whydon'tyoubuyaradio？ThenyoucanlistentoEnglishprogrammes.M：Doyouthinkthatwouldhelp?W：Ofcourse.M：That'sagoodidea.ButIalsohavesomedifficultiesinwriting.W：Oh,well,forthat,you'dbetterfindanEnglishpenfriend.M：Thankyouforyouradvice.Text9M：Hello，Linda.Ihaven'tseenyouforages.Whatareyoudoingintown?W：Oh,I'vejustcomebackfromJapan.M：Oh,you'vebeenabroad,haven'tyou?W：Yes，IwenttoJapantolearnJapanesethere.Andhowaboutyou？Thelasttimewetalked,didn'tyoutellmeyouweregoingtoopenyourownbusiness?M：That'sright.Iwas.Butthingsturnedoutdifferentl.W：But,youseemedsodeterminedtodothat.Whathappened?M：Well,it'sverycomplicated,andI'msureyoudon'twanttoknowallthedetails.AnywayIdecidedthatopeningmyownbusinessjustwasn'tforme.SoIdecidedtostayatmyoldjobinstead.W：Soyouarestillworkinginthatshop?M：Yes.Well,alothashappenedsincewelastsaweachother.W：I'llsay！Youknow,weshouldtrytostayintouch.M：Let'shavelunchtogethersometimesoon.W：Goodidea.Text10M：KingGeorgeⅥsaid“ThehistoryofYorkisthehistoryofEngland.”YorkwasfoundedbytheRomansin71AD.TheRomansalsolivedinitandruleditforthenextthreecenturies，turningitintoacityofglobalimportance.TheVikingoccupationofYorktookplacein866AD.TheVikingsfarmedthelandandweregreattraders,artists，engineersandshipbuilders.OvertheyearswhenYorkwasundertheVikings'rule，thecitydevelopedinasuccessfulway.TheMiddleAgesisanimportantperiodinYork'shistory,asmanyofthecity'slandmarkswerebuiltwithinthisperiod.There'rebuildingsoftheMiddleAges，impressiveGeorgiantownhousesandaVictorianrailwaystation.AsyouexploreYorkyouwilldiscoverthateveryaspectofYork'smodernlifeiscloselylinkedwithitspast.Youcan'tmisstheShambles，asit'soneofthemostrecognizedhistoricstreetsinEngland.YorkisbetweenLondonandEdinburgh,thecapitalofScotland.YoucantakeatrainfromLondontoYorkortakeabusfromLondontogothroughCambridgetoYorkeandfindoutmoreaboutYork'shistory!其次部分：阅读(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。A(2024·浙江省杭州市高三二模)ScienceandTechnologyCamp•Full-daycampforstudentsaged12-14•Four-weekprogramJuly5-30|Monday-Friday,9amto4pmWeek1|July5-9Week2|July12-16Week3|July19-23Week4|July26-30•RegistrationbeginsJune1,2024—registerforminimumtwoweeks.•Fees：$75registrationfee.$795perweek.Fullpaymentmustbemadeattimeofregistration.•ThedeadlineforthecancellationtoreceiveafullrefundisJune15,2024.CampStructureCampdaysarecomprisedofeightsessionswithtwosessionsperdaywhilethefinaldayoftheweekisreservedforoverviewsandreflection.Themorningsessionsbeginat9a．m.to12p．m.followedbyonehourforlunch.(Campersshouldbringtheirlunches.)Afternoonsessionsarescheduledfrom1p．m.to4p．m.with15-minutebreaksmidwaythrougheachsession.Snacksareprovidedatbreaktime.(Foodallergiesshouldbereportedatthetimeofregistration.)CampContentScienceandTechnologycampaboveallemphasizesentertainmentwhileteachingstudentsabouthowwebsitesaredesignedusingvariouscodinglanguages,rocketdesign,practicalapplicationsofmathandphysics,andhowtobuildyourownhydraulicssystem.CampPersonnelThecampisheadedbythehusband-and-wifeteamofDoctorsJamesandSophieClarkwhoareexpertsinthefieldsofcomputerscienceandmechanicalengineering.Ourmissionistomakesureeveryonefeelsfullysupportedandexcitedtobehere.语篇解读：本文是一篇应用文。主要介绍了一个科技夏令营的相关信息。21.WhatisthelowestcostofattendingtheScienceandTechnologycamp?DA．$75. B．$795.C．$1,590. D．$1,665.解析：细微环节理解题。依据文章中“RegistrationbeginsJune1,2024—registerforminimumtwoweeks.(注册起先于2024年6月1日——最少注册两周。)”以及“Fees:$75registrationfee.$795perweek.Fullpaymentmustbemadeattimeofregistration.(费用：75美元注册费。每周795美元。报名时须缴付全部费用。)”可知，注册费75美元，每周795美元，最少注册两周，故参与科技夏令营最低花费为75＋795×2＝1,665美元。故选D。22.WhatisthemainemphasisofScienceandTechnologycamp?BA．Rocketscience. B．Funinlearning.C．Codinglanguage. D．Hands-onexperiences.解析：细微环节理解题。依据CampContent部分“ScienceandTechnologycampaboveallemphasizesentertainmentwhileteachingstudentsabouthowwebsitesaredesigned...(科技夏令营首先强调消遣性，同时教学生如何设计网站……)”可知，该夏令营主要强调寓教于乐。故选B。23.Whoarethecampleaders?CA．Mechanicalengineers.B．Medicaldoctors.C．Amarriedcouple.D．Computertechnicians.解析：细微环节理解题。依据最终一段中“Thecampisheadedbythehusband-and-wifeteamofDoctorsJamesandSophieClarkwhoareexpertsinthefieldsofcomputerscienceandmechanicalengineering.(该夏令营由JamesClark博士和SophieClark博士夫妇领导，他们是计算机科学和机械工程领域的专家。)”可知，夏令营的领导是一对夫妇。故选C。B(2024·山东省烟台市高二月考)FromthetopofMountQomolangmatothebottomoftheMarianaTrench,plasticcontinuestopollutetheenvironment,anditcreatesasignificantthreattoalllifeformsonEarth.Despiteknowingtheeffectsofplasticpollution,wehavenotbeenabletobantheuseofplasticproducts.Now,thankstotheinventionofa17-year-oldgirl,Arora,wefinallyhaveabetterchoice.Thisplastic-likematerialismadefromprawnshells,anditbreaksdown1.5milliontimesfasterthanmostofthecommercialplasticproductsweusetoday.TheAustralianteenfirstbecameawareoftheimpactofplasticwasteontheenvironmentwhenshoppingwithhermother.Shewonderedwhyhermotherhadtopayfortheplasticbags.Whenasked,thecashierinformedherhowplastichurtstheplanetandthattheadditionalchargewastheretoencouragepeoplenottouseit.ThisinspiredAroratocreateakindofplasticthatwouldbreakdownfasterthantheconventionalone.Butthejourneyofinventing“eco-friendlyplastic”wasnoteasy.Sheexperimentedwithanumberoforganicmaterialssuchascornflourandbananapeels,bothofwhichhadtoberuledoutbecauseoftheirsolubility.Onenight,whilehavingdinner,shenoticedthattheshellsofprawnslookplasticky.Sheimmediatelywenttothelabtoresearch.Later,shewoulddescribethatdinnerasher“Eureka”moment.Sheextractedthematerialcalled“chitin”fromtheshellsandthenmixeditwithaninsolubleproteincalled“fibroin”，whichisfoundinsilkcocoons.Usingthecombinationofthesetwoorganicmaterials,Aroracreatedaplastic-likematerialthatbreaksdowncompletelywithinjust33days.Moreover,thisplasticreleasesnitrogenwhenbreakingdown,whichiswhyitcanbeusedasplantfertilizer.Arora'sinventionhascausedastir,andshehaswonanumberofawards.Asaninspiringyoungwoman,Arorawantstomakeadifferenceintheworld,andshewantstoencourageotheryoungpeopletofollowtheirpassionandmakeapositivedifferencehowevertheycan.语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲解并描述了17岁的女孩Arora独创了一种比传统塑料分解更快的塑料，介绍了她独创这种塑料的经过和她的独创所取得的成就。24.WhatinspiredAroratocreateakindofspecialplastic?AA．Acashier'swordsaboutpaidplasticbags.B．Herdeterminationtoprotecttheprawns.C．Aclassaboutplastic'simpactontheplanet.D．Herplantosavemoneyonplasticproducts.解析：细微环节理解题。依据其次段中第三、四句(当被询问时，收银员告知她塑料是如何损害地球的，额外收费是为了激励人们不要运用它。这启发Arora独创了一种比传统塑料分解更快的塑料。)可知，是收银员对收费塑料袋的评价启发Arora创建了一种特殊的塑料。故选A。25.Whatcouldbea“Eureka”moment?CA．Amomentofneedingreflection.B．Amomentoffindingthetruth.C．Amomentofhavingsuddeninspiration.D．Amomentofenjoyingthecelebration.解析：推理推断题。依据第三段中“Onenight,whilehavingdinner,shenoticedthattheshellsofprawnslookplasticky.Sheimmediatelywenttothelabtoresearch.Later,shewoulddescribethatdinnerasher‘Eureka’moment.(一天晚上，在吃晚饭的时候，她留意到虾壳看起来像塑料。她马上去试验室做探讨。后来，她将那次晚餐描述为她的‘顿悟’时刻。)”可推知，Arora在那次吃晚饭时从虾壳中得到了灵感，创建出了这种分解很快的塑料，所以“Eureka”的时刻是指突发灵感的瞬间。故选C。26.WhatcanbeknownaboutthenewplasticinParagraph4?CA．Itismadefromnon-organicmaterials.B．Itcanbreakdowntotallyinamonth.C．Itcanbeusedtohelpplantstogrow.D．Itisextractedfromaninsolubleprotein.解析：细微环节理解题。依据第四段中最终一句(此外，这种塑料在分解时会释放出氮，这就是为什么它可以用作植物肥料。)可知，第四段中的新型塑料可以用来帮助植物生长。故选C。27.WhichofthefollowingcanbestdescribeArora?BA．Braveandclever.B．Creativeandinspiring.C．Activeandconsiderate.D．Humorousandfriendly.解析：推理推断题。依据倒数其次段中其次句(Arora将这两种有机材料结合起来，创建了一种类似塑料的材料，这种材料在短短33天内就能完全分解。)以及最终一段中其次句(作为一名鼓舞人心的年轻女性，Arora想要变更世界，她希望激励其他年轻人追随自己的激情，尽其所能做出主动的变更。)可推知，Arora创建出了分解更快的塑料，且激励其他年轻人，所以她是个有创建性和启发性的人。故选B。C(2024·江苏省南京市六校联合体高二联合调研)FelixRuppertandAlexanderBadri-SprowitzattheMaxPlanckInstituteforIntelligentSystemsinStuttgart,Germany,designedahalf-metre-highrobotcalledMortiandgaveitthecapacitytoteachitselfhowtowalk,ratherthantoperformapre-programmedstep.Thefour-leggedrobottookonlyanhourtolearnhowtowalksteadily,roughlythesameamountoftimeasnewbornhorsesneed.Andit'sthefirsttimethatamachinelearningtechniquehasbeensosuccessfullyappliedtofour-leggedrobots.Mortiiscontrolledbyanartificialintelligence(AI)algorithm(算法)thatdoesn'thavemuchinformationabouttherobot'slegs,suchastheexactshapeofeachelement.“TheAI,workinglikethecentralnervoussystem,giveswalkinginstructionsforMortitofollow.Itthenadjuststhemonthebasisofreadingsfromfootsentencesthatsignalwhentherobotfallsandlosescontactwiththeground.Initially,Mortifallsdown,butafteraboutanhourtheAIfindsthebestwaytomakeitwalk，”saidRuppert.BecausetheAIlearnsratherthancalculatingdetailsofeachleg'smovementinadvance,whichcanusealotofenergy,Mortiwalksusing42percentlessenergythanwhenitfirststartsattheendofanhour-longlearningprocess.Morti'sprocesscopiesthewaybabyanimalslearntomove,astheyalsofindthemostefficientwaytousetheirmusclesbytryingandinitiallytripping.DhireeshaKudithipudiattheUniversityofTexasatSanAntoniosaidthatAIrobotscanoftenlearnaspecifictaskverywellbutcan'tmakereadjustmentswhentheenvironmentchangesandthatMorti'sdesign,whichreliesoncontinuallyadjustingtherobot'smovement,mayperformbetterinthatregard.RuppertsaidheandtheteamareworkingonaddingmoresensorsandrangeofmotiontoMortiinagesturetomakeitamoreanimal-likerobot.语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一款可以像刚诞生的马一样只用一小时就学会走路的四条腿的机器人。28.WhatisspecialaboutMorti?BA．Itispre-programmedtowalk.B．Itcanlearntowalkbyitself.C．Itisthefirstfour-leggedrobot.D．Itcanhelpteachthenewborns.解析：细微环节理解题。依据文章第一段第一句(德国斯图加特马克斯普朗克智能系统探讨所的费利克斯·鲁珀特和亚历山大·巴德里·斯普罗维茨设计了一个半米高叫做的Morti机器人，并让它拥有能够教它自己走路的实力，而不是执行预编程的步骤。)可知，Morti的特殊之处在于它可以教会自己走路，即自学走路。故选B。29.WhichaspectofMortiisstressedinParagraph2?CA．Itsbodystructure.B．Itsdesignconcept.C．Itslearningprocess.D．Itsworkingconditions.解析：推理推断题。依据文章其次段中的关键词giveswalkinginstructionsforMortitofollow、footsentences、fallsdown、makeitwalk等可知，本段强调的是Morti学习走路的过程。故选C。30.HowdoestheAI'slearningabilitybenefitMorti?CA．BypredictingMorti'slegmovement.B．BytrainingMorti'smusclestothebest.C．ByloweringMorti'senergyconsumption.D．BystrengtheningMorti'sbondwithothers.解析：细微环节理解题。依据文章第三段第一句(因为人工智能学习而不是预先计算每个腿部运动的细微环节(这可能会消耗大量的能量)，Morti在一个小时的学习过程结束后，比刚起先走路时少用了42%的能量。)可知，人工智能的学习实力削减了Morti的能量消耗。故选C。31.WhatisDhireeshaKudithipudi'sattitudetowardsMorti?DA．Doubtful. B．Cautious.C．Subjective. D．Favorable.解析：推理推断题。依据文章最终一段第一句(DhireeshaKudithipudi表示，人工智能机器人通常可以很好地学习一项特定任务，但无法在环境变更时重新调整，Morti的设计依靠于不断调整机器人的运动，因此它在这方面可能会表现得更好。)可知，DhireeshaKudithipudi对Morti应是持确定的看法的，是支持的。故选D。D(2024·东北育才学校高二月考)People'sabilitytorememberfadeswithage—butoneday,researchersmightbeabletouseasimple,drug-freemethodtobuckthistrend.Inastudypublishedon22AugustinNatureNeuroscience,RobertReinhart,acognitiveneuroscientistatBostonUniversityinMassachusetts,andhiscolleaguesdemonstratethatzapping(刺激)thebrainsofadultsagedover65withweakelectricalcurrentsrepeatedlyoverseveraldaysledtomemoryimprovementsthatpersistedforuptoamonth.Usinganon-invasivemethodofstimulatingthebrainknownastranscranialalternatingcurrentstimulation(TACS),whichdeliverselectricalcurrentsthroughelectrodesonthesurfaceofthescalp,Reinhart'steamconductedaseriesofexperimentson150peopleagedbetween65and88.Participantscarriedoutamemorytaskinwhichtheywereaskedtorecalllistsof20wordsthatwerereadaloudbyanexperimenter.TheparticipantsunderwentTACSfortheentiredurationofthetask,whichtook20minutes.Afterfourcontinuousdaysofthisprotocol,participantswhoreceivedhigh-frequencystimulationofthedorsolateralprefrontalcortex(背外侧前额叶皮质)hadanimprovedabilitytorememberwordsfromthebeginningofthelists,ataskthatdependsonlong-termmemory.Low-frequencyzapstotheinferiorparietallobe(顶下小叶)enhancedparticipants'recallofitemslaterinthelists,whichinvolves‘working'memory—thememorythatallowsthebraintostoreinformationtemporarily.Participants'memoryperformanceimprovedoverthefourdays—andthegainspersistedevenamonthlater.Thosewhohadthelowestlevelsofgeneralcognitivefunctionbeforethestudyexperiencedthelargestmemoryimprovements.“Iwasbothimpressedandsurprisedbythis,bythispaper，”saysSimonHanslmayr,acognitiveneuroscientistattheUniversityofGlasgow,UK.Henotesthatalongwithotherscientists,hehasbeenscepticalaboutwhetherTACScanleadtomeaningfulchangesincognition.OneissuehasbeenthatTACSdevicesgenerateelectricalcurrentsmuchweakerthanthosecreatedbyothermethodsofstimulatingthebrain,soithasn'talwaysbeenclearwhethertheycantransmitenoughelectricitytothebraintomodifyitsfunction.However,theauthorsofthisstudyconvincinglyshowedthattheirprotocolwaslinkedto“consistentandquitestrongimprovementsinmemory”，Hanslmayrsays.语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。探讨人员发觉用弱电流反复刺激成年人的大脑，可以使记忆改善持续长达一个月。32.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“buck”meaninParagraph1?DA．Operate. B．Destroy.C．Follow. D．Resist.解析：词义揣测题。依据文章第一段中的“People'sabilitytorememberfadeswithage(人的记忆力会随着年龄的增长而衰退)”和句中的转折连词but以及画线词后面的thistrend可知，探讨人员找到的方法应当是能够抵制人的记忆力随着年龄的增长而衰退的趋势。故选D。33.Whatcanwelearnabouttheexperiments?CA．Theexperimentsinvolvedpeopleagedover65andyoungstudentswithgoodmemory.B．Participantswererequiredtorecalllistsof20wordswhentheyreadthewordsaloud.C．Stimulatingtheinferiorparietallobewithlow-frequencyboostedtheshort-termmemory.D．High-frequencystimulationofthedorsolateralprefrontalcorteximproved‘working’memory.解析：细微环节理解题。依据第四段中“Low-frequencyzapstotheinferiorparietallobe(顶下小叶)enhancedparticipants'recallofitemslaterinthelists,whichinvolves‘working’memory—thememorythatallowsthebraintostoreinformationtemporarily.(顶下小叶的低频电击增加了参与者对列表中后面的项目的回忆，这涉及到‘工作’记忆——允许大脑临时存储信息的记忆。)”可知，低频刺激顶叶对短时记忆有促进作用。故选C。34.WhyhasSimonHanslmayrbeenscepticalaboutTACS?AA．TheelectricitysentbyTACSisnotsufficienttoguaranteemeaningfulchangesincognition.B．Thepeoplewhohavepoorcognitivefunctionexperiencedtheleastmemoryimprovements.C．TACSdevicesgenerateelectricalcurrentsasweakasthosecreatedbyothermethods.D．TACSdevicescannotensureconsistentandquitestrongimprovementsinmemory.解析：细微环节理解题。依据最终一段中其次、三句(他指出，和其他科学家一样，他始终怀疑TACS是否能导致认知的有意义的变更。一个问题是，TACS设备产生的电流比其他刺激大脑的方法产生的电流弱得多，所以始终不清晰它们是否能向大脑传输足够的电流来变更大脑的功能。)可知，SimonHanslmayr怀疑TACS是因为TACS发出的电流不足以保证认知发生有意义的变更。故选A。35.Whatisthetextmainlyabout?CA．TACScanleadtomeaningfulchangesincognition.B．TACScanhelppeoplewithconditionssuchasAlzheimer'sdisease.C．Brainstimulationleadstolong-lastingimprovementsinmemory.D．Brainstimulationbenefitsthosewithpoorcognitivefunctionmost.解析：主旨大意题。这篇文章的主要内容是探讨人员发觉用弱电流反复刺激成年人的大脑，可以使记忆改善持续长达一个月。故选C。其次节(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。(2024·湖南省湖南师范高校附属中学高二阶段测试)Currently,ChatGPTisanexcitingnewAItechnologythathasthepotentialtorevolutionizethewayhumansinteractwithmachines.36.CChatGPTcanbeabeneficialtoolforeveryone,especiallyformanystudentsinthefollowingways.Conciselyrephraselengthyarticlesandessaystomakethemeasiertoread.Studentsarefrequentlyunabletodelve(探究)deeplyintoconcepts,essays,orarticlestobuildfullunderstandinginacademicsettingsduetoacademicpressureanddemandingandbusystudyschedules,especiallywithdeadlinesforreadinglongpublications.37.EStudentscanutilizeChatGPTtosummarizearticles,researchpapers,andevenessaystogetthemainideasofthematerialinabriefsummary.38.ATosupportstudentseffectively,ChatGPTcanbeofgreathelpbecauseitgeneralizesthenotesinaccordancewiththewordlimitstudentsdemandinaclearandbriefmanner.Studyingandgettingreadyforexamsandtestscanbequitehelpful.Theclassnotescanbeorganizedinatypedmannerwithonlyafewquickprompts,puttingallthematerialsinoneplace.Studentscanemploystraightforwardpromptsthatlistthesourcesthatneedtobecompiledintothesummaryaswellasthemaximumlengthallowed.Organize,create,andsendemails.Studentsmayfrequentlywriteemails,applications,orformallettersofcommunicationtotheirteachers,orpeers.Inparticular,iftheyhaveabusyacademicschedule,writingsuchformalpaperscanbeexceedinglytime-consumingandlaborious.ThenChatGPThelps.39.GJustenteringtheobjective,andspecifyingthetonestudentswant,ChatGPTmaygenerateagrammaticallycorrectandformalemailinamatterofseconds.Timemanagementandacademicorganization.Asidefromthosetohelpwithactualacademictasks,ChatGPTcanalsoassiststudentswithorganizingandcategorizingtheiracademicworkingeneral.Andtheycanusethistoolmoreefficientlytogetgeneralguidanceandrecommendationsonhowtohandleacademics,suchashowtoorganizeanassignment,howtobalanceacademicworkwithotherinterests,andsoon.40.FA．Summarizetheclassnotes.B．Comeupwithartisticcompositionideas.C．AnditcouldcreatemorepowerfulandusefulAIapplications.D．Moreimportantly,itreliesonhumanfeedbacktoimproveitsaccuracy.E．Inthesecases,itmightbeusefulingivingyouabroadoverviewofanessayorarticle.F．SoChatGPTcanbeusedasatoolofassistanceinanalmostunlimitednumberofways.G．Itmaygreatlysimplifyyourlifebywritingemailsorapplicationspreciselyandlogically.语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。主要说明白如何利用新人工智能ChatGPT来帮助学生学习。解析：36．设空处前后都是关于ChatGPT的功能，故设空处应接着点明ChatGPT的用途，故C选项(并且它可以创建更强大、更有用的人工智能应用。)符合语境。故选C。37．设空处后文(学生可以利用ChatGPT来总结文章，探讨论文，甚至散文，以一个简短的摘要来获得材料的主要思想。)是对上文提到的一些状况的应对方法，E选项(在这些状况下，它可能会让你对一篇文章有一个广泛的概述。)承上启下，且选项中thesecases指代前文“由于学术压力和繁忙的学习安排，尤其是阅读长篇出版物的截止日期，学生往往无法深化探讨概念、论文或文章，以充分理解学术环境”这些状况。故选E。38．此空为段落主题句，依据后文内容可知，主要说明要总结课堂笔记。且A选项简短，句式与其他主题句一样。故选A。39．依据上文“ThenChatGPThelps.”可知，本句及后文是在详细说明ChatGPT是如何帮助你写电子邮件的。故G选项(精确而有逻辑地写电子邮件或应用程序可以大大简化你的生活。)符合语境。故选G。40．本段主题是“时间管理和学术组织”，后文详细说明ChatGPT可帮助学生完成实际的学术任务，对他们的学术工作进行大致的组织和分类，获得一些关于如何处理学术问题的指导和建议。F选项(因此ChatGPT可以作为一种协助工具以几乎无限的方式运用。)总结上文。故选F。第三部分：语言运用(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，从每小题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。(2024·东省日照市高考一模)A17-year-oldteenager,AnikaPuri,hasinventedalow-costtooltospotelephantpoachers(偷猎者)inrealtime.Shewonthe2024PeggyScrippsAwardforScienceCommunicationforhermodelofamachine-learning-drivensoftwarethat41.Amovementpatternsinthermalvideosofhumansandelephants.“I'mespeciallyexcitedbythe42.Bfocusingonendangeredspeciesandenvironmentalscience，”Purisaid.DuringarecenttriptoIndia,Purirealizedthatelephantswerestillbeing43.Cfortheirtusks(牙)．“Iwasquitetakenaback(惊讶)，”Purisaid.“BecauseIalwaysthought,‘well,poachingis44.D;howcomeitreallyisstillsuchabig45.A？’”Overthenexttwoyears,Puri46.BthesoftwareEISa(shortforelephantsavior)．Thiswildlifepoacherdetectionsolutionisbasedona47.Cprocess:anEISacameraattachedtoamobilephone48.Doveraparkonadroneand49.Athemovementsofelephantsorhumans.Thesoftwareisfourtimesmore50.Bthanexistingstate-of-the-artdetectionmethods.Italsodecreasesthe51.Cforexpensivehigh-resolutionthermalcameras.The17-year-old'sinventionhaseared52.Bfromnotablescientists.“Puri'ssoftwareisquiteadmirable，”saysJasperEikelboom,anecologist,“It'squite53.Dthatasenorhighschoolstudenthasbeenableto54.Asomethinglikethis.Notonlytheresearchandtheanalysis,butalsobeingableto55.Ditinthemodels.”语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。主要说明白17岁的少年安妮卡·普里独创了一种低成本的工具，可以实时发觉大象偷猎者。介绍了其独创经过和科学家的看法。41.A．analyzes B．changesC．repeats D．draws解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：她以机器学习驱动的软件模型获得了2024年佩吉·斯克里普斯科学传播奖，该软件分析了人类和大象热视频中的运动模式。依据宾语“movementpatternsinthermalvideosofhumansandelephants”可知，“分析运动模式”符合语境。A．analyzes分析；B.changes变更；C.repeats重复；D.draws画画。故选A。42.A．discovery B．inventionC．theory D．concept解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：普里说：“这项专注于濒危物种和环境科学的独创让我特殊兴奋。”依据后文“The17-year-old'sinvention”可知这是一项独创。A．discovery发觉；B.invention独创；C.theory理论；D.concept概念。故选B。43.A．trained B．protectedC．killed D．raised解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：在最近的一次印度之行中，普里意识到，大象仍在被猎杀以获得象牙。依据后文“fortheirtusks”可知，大象仍在被猎杀以获得象牙。A．trained训练；B.protected爱护；C.killed杀死；D.raised筹集。故选C。44.A．dangerous B．harmfulC．unnecessary D．illegal解析：考查形容词词义辨析。句意：“因为我始终在想，‘嗯，偷猎是非法的；为什么这仍旧是一个大问题？'”依据句子主语“poaching”(偷猎)，illegal(非法的)作表语符合语境。A．dangerous危急的；B.harmful有害的；C.unnecessary不必要的；D.illegal非法的。故选D。45.A．issue B．businessC．burden D．effect解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。此处指非法偷猎这一问题。依据上文“poachingisillegal”可知，这是个问题。A．issue问题；B.business生意；C.burden负担；D.effect影响。故选A。46.A．used B．createdC．downloaded D．sold解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：在接下来的两年里，普里创建了软件EISa(大象救世主的缩写)。结合后文“The17-year-old'sinvention”可知，这个软件是他创建的。A．used运用；B.created创建；C.downloaded下载；D.sold出售。故选B。47.A．similar B．naturalC．simple D．gradual解析：考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这种检测野生动物偷猎者的解决方案基于一个简洁的过程：一个连接在手机上的EISa摄像头在无人机上飞过公园，检测大象或人类的运动。依据后文“anEISacameraattachedtoamobilephone”可知，过程只须要一个连接在手机上的EISa摄像头在无人机上飞过公园，很简洁。A．similar相像的；B.natural自然的；C.simple简洁的；D.gradual渐渐的。故选C。48.A．passes B．spreadsC．jumps D．flies解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。依据后文“overaparkonadrone”可知，是无人机飞过公园。A．passes通过；B.spreads传播；C.jumps跳动；D.flies飞。故选D。49.A．detects B．controlsC．stops D．directs解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。依据后文宾语“themovementsofelephantsorhumans”可知，“无人机检测大象或人类的活动”动宾搭配恰当，符合语境。A．detects查明；觉察；B.contr