八年级英语下册Unit 8 A green world Period 2 Reading

Period2ReadingUnit8AgreenworldAGreenSwitzerlandKitty’sonlinefriendMartinaisamiddleschoolstudentinSwitzerland.Sheiswritinginherblogon5June,WorldEnvironmentDay.Hereisherarticle.IloveSwitzerland.Itisacountrywithhighmountainsandcleanbluelakes.Itisbeautiful,andweshouldtrytokeepitthatway.

①温馨提示:此符号表示“考点精讲点拨”链接。立德树人·热爱并尊重自然热爱自然，尊重自然,保护自然,让人与自然和谐共生,是我们共同的追求。InSwitzerland,thingslikeglass,plasticandpaperareseparated/'sepəreɪtɪd/intodifferentgroupsandthenrecycled.

②

Evenoldclothesandshoescanberecycled.Ilearntaboutanorganizationforrecyclingclothes.Itcollectsoldclothesfromalloverthecountry.Someoftheclothesaresoldincharityshops,somearegiventothepoor,andothersaresenttofactoriesforrecycling.

③

MyfamilyandIoftensendouroldjeansandT-shirtstothisorganization.Ourgovernmenthasmanylawstoprotecttheenvironment.Forexample,wearenotallowed/ə'laʊd/tocutdowntrees.④

Otherwise,wewillbepunished/'pʌnɪʃt/.

⑤

Ifwedroplitterinapublicplace,wewillbefined/faɪnd/bythepolice.⑥

Therearealsolawstolimitairandwaterpollution.Natureisourgreatesttreasure.Wedepend/dɪ'pend/onitsrich/rɪtʃ/resourcestolive,soitisimportantforustoprotectitwisely.

⑦

Luckily,wearestartingtouseenergyfromthesun,windandwater.Thesenewtypesofenergycostverylittleandwillneverrunout.⑧立德树人·绿色能源绿色能源包括水能、风能、太阳能、生物能(沼气)、地热能(包括地源和水源)和海洋能等。Moreover,theyproduce/prə'djuːs/littlepollution.Todayis5June,WorldEnvironmentDay.Whathaveyoudonefortheenvironment?Rememberthateveryonecandosomethingtomakeadifference/'dɪfrəns/!⑨BWhatdopeopleinSwitzerlanddo?B1KittyisnotsureaboutthemeaningsofsomewordsinMartina’sarticle.Helphermatchthewordsontheleftwiththemeaningsontheright.Writethecorrectlettersintheblanks.1.separate(line5)________2.recycle(line6)________3.allow(line13)________4.fine(line15)________5.runout(line20)________6.produce(line21)________a.causearesultb.makesomeonepaymoneybecausehe/shehasdonesomethingwrongc.beusedupd.putthingsintodifferentgroupse.letsomeonedosomethingf.treatsomethingusedsothatitcanbeusedagain⑩

dfebcaB2KittymadesomenotesofMartina’sblogonapieceofpaper,buthermothertoreitupbymistake.Helphermatchthetwohalvesofthesentences.Writethecorrectlettersintheblanks.1.Switzerlandisabeautifulcountry_______2.InSwitzerland,glass,plasticandpaper_______a.areseparatedintodifferentgroupsandrecycled.b.energyfromthesun,windandwater.c.toprotecttheenvironment.d.withhighmountainsandcleanbluelakes.e.becausewedependonitsrichresourcestolive.f.tocollectoldclothesfromaroundthecountry.da3.Anorganizationwassetup_______4.Thegovernmenthaslaws_______a.areseparatedintodifferentgroupsandrecycled.b.energyfromthesun,windandwater.c.toprotecttheenvironment.d.withhighmountainsandcleanbluelakes.e.becausewedependonitsrichresourcestolive.f.tocollectoldclothesfromaroundthecountry.fc5.Weshouldprotectnature_______6.Peoplearestartingtouse_______a.areseparatedintodifferentgroupsandrecycled.b.energyfromthesun,windandwater.c.toprotecttheenvironment.d.withhighmountainsandcleanbluelakes.e.becausewedependonitsrichresourcestolive.f.tocollectoldclothesfromaroundthecountry.ebB3AfterreadingMartina’sarticle,Kittyhaswrittendownthemainpointsoftheparagraphs.Writethecorrectnumbersoftheparagraphsintheboxes.a.Martinaaskseveryonetodosomethingfortheenvironment.b.Peoplearestartingtousenewenergy.c.PeopleinSwitzerlandrecyclemanythingstoreducepollution.d.Thegovernmenthaslawstoprotecttheenvironment.e.Switzerlandisabeautifulcountry.12345B4KittyistellingSandyaboutMartina’sarticle.Completetheirconversation.Kitty:MyonlinefriendMartinawrotelastweekabouthowtheyprotectthe(1)________________inSwitzerland.Sandy:Really?Whatdotheydotokeeptheircountryclean?Kitty:InSwitzerland,glass,plasticandpaperare(2)___________intodifferentgroupsandthen(3)__________.environmentseparatedrecycledSandy:Dotheyrecycleanythingelse?Whatdotheydowitholdclothes?Kitty:Anorganization(4)__________oldclothesfromaroundthecountry.Thensomearesoldin(5)_______________,somearegivento(6)_______________,andothersaresentto(7)____________forrecycling.Sandy:Thatsoundslikeagoodidea.collectscharityshopsthepoorfactoriesKitty:Theyhavemany(8)_______toprotecttheenvironmenttoo.Forexample,peoplewillbe(9)_______________iftheycutdowntreesbecauseit’snot(10)____________.Sandy:That’sgreat!Kitty:Yes.Andtheydon’tdrop(11)__________inapublicplace.Otherwise,they’llbe(12)__________bythepolice.lawspunishedallowedlitterfined①Itisbeautiful,andweshouldtrytokeepitthatway.trytodosth.尽力做某事e.g.Trytodoonlyonethingatatime.尽力一次只做一件事。Youshouldtryyourbesttodoit.你应该尽你最大的努力去做这件事。考点1tryone’sbesttodosth.尽某人最大的努力去做某事trytodosth.“尽力去做某事”，表示尽力去做某事，但实际上并不一定成功，侧重努力，为了达到目的而努力。trydoingsth.“尝试着做某事”，只是一种新的尝试，并没有明显的目的性。辨析：trytodosth.与trydoingsth.e.g.Iwilltrytofinishtheworkinanhour.我会尽力在一小时内完成这项工作。Whydon’tyoutrydoingtheexperimentinanotherway?你为什么不试试用别的方法来做这个实验呢？动词try的常见短语：①tryon试穿(衣服等)②tryout试验考题1：(1)Try__________(do)itagain,andyou’llfinishit.【点拨】用语境联想法。根据后半句句意“你会完成它”可知前半句表示“尽力再做一次”。todo考题1：

(2)Theytry__________(read)thestoryinEnglish.【点拨】句意：他们试着用英语读那个故事。reading考题2：—CanIhelpyou?—Yes.Thepantslookverynice.CanI______?A.tryitonB.trythemonC.tryonitD.tryonthem【点拨】用them代指pants，tryon后接代词作宾语时，代词放中间。B返回温馨提示:可返回原文②...plasticandpaperareseparatedintodifferentgroupsandthenrecycled.separate/'sepəreɪt/vt.&vi.分开，隔开(todivideintodifferentpartsorgroups)考点2separate“分隔”，把原来连在一起或靠近的东西分隔开来，常和from连用。 divide“划分”，把整体分成若干部分，常和介词into连用。辨析：separate与dividee.g.Let’sseparatethemintosixlots.让我们把它们分成六堆。Rawmeatmustbekeptseparatefromcookedmeat.生肉和熟肉必须分开存放。Heseparatedthebigeggsfromthesmallones.他把大蛋和小蛋分开了。Asentencecanbedividedintomeaningfulsegments.一个句子可以划分成有意义的各个部分。adj.单独的；分开的考题3：[常州]汤姆，你将在什么时候展示如何进行垃圾分类？______________________________________________intodifferentgroups,Tom?Whenareyougoingtoshow(us)howtoseparatewaste返回③Someoftheclothesaresoldincharityshops,somearegiventothepoor,andothersaresenttofactoriesforrecycling.Some...,some...,andothers...有的……，有的……，还有的……；一些……，一些……，还有一些……考点3如果就某个范围的人或物表示“一些……，一些……，另一些……”要用“Some...，some...，andtheothers...”。e.g.Somedinosaurswerereallysmall,somewereinmiddlesize,andotherswerereallybig.有的恐龙真的很小，有的中等身材，还有的真的很大。Therearemanypeopleinthepark.Someareplayinggames,somearesinging,andtheothersaredancing.公园里有很多人。一些在玩游戏，一些在唱歌，另一些在跳舞。考题4：—Insomecountries,peopleeatwithchopsticks,butin______,peopleeatwithknivesandforks.—Yes,peoplearoundtheworldhavedifferenteatinghabits.A.othersB.otherC.anotherD.all【点拨】another指三者或三者以上“另一个”；others泛指“其余的人(物)”，它常对比使用，“some...others...”表示两部分中“一些……其他的……”；all指“全部”；other，形容词，其他的。A返回④Forexample,wearenotallowedtocutdowntrees.（高频）allow/ə'laʊ/vt.允许(toletsb./sth.dosth.)考点4allow的常见搭配：①allowsb.todosth.允许某人做某事②sb.beallowedtodosth.某人被允许做某事e.g.Ifitallows,gotoahigherground.如果允许的话，去一个更高的地方。Runninghereandthereisnotallowed.到处乱跑是不允许的。Howcouldyouallowhimtodosomethinglikethat?你怎么能允许他做那样的事情？Nobodyisallowedthroughwithoutaspecialpass.没有特别通行证，一律不准通行。考题5：[广安]Peoplearenot_____________（允许）totalkloudlywhentheyareinthelibrary.【点拨】句意：人们在图书馆时不允许大声说话。beallowedtodosth.表示“被允许做某事”，固定短语。allowed返回⑤Otherwise,wewillbepunished.punish/'pʌnɪʃ/vt.处罚，惩罚考点5punish—punished—punishedpunish的常用搭配：①punishsb.forsth.因某事而惩罚某人②punishsb.bydoingsth.以做某事惩罚某人e.g.TheteacherpunishedTomforhismistake.那位老师因汤姆犯错惩罚了他。MyparentsusedtopunishmebynotlettingmewatchTV.我父母过去常以不让我看电视来惩罚我。Heacceptedhispunishmentlikeaman.他像个男子汉一样接受了惩罚。n.处罚；惩罚考题6：[潍坊]在公交车上不得与司机打架，否则你将会受到惩罚。(or,punish)__________________________________________________________________________________________Don’tfightwiththedriveron/inthe/abus,oryou’llbepunished.返回⑥Ifwedroplitterinapublicplace,wewillbefinedbythepolice.fine/faɪn/vt.

罚款e.g.Shewasfinedforspeeding.她因超速而被罚款。Youmustpayafineof¥200ifyouparkyourcarinthewrongplace.如果你把你的汽车停错了地方，你必须付200元的罚款。考点6考题7：Thecyclistsshouldbe________（罚款）fornotwearinghelmets.finedfine的一词多义：v.罚款finen.罚款；罚金返回⑦Wedependonitsrichresourcestolive,soitisimportantforustoprotectitwisely.dependon依靠；取决于考点7不能用于进行时态和被动语态dependon的用法：①dependon+人意为“依靠某人，依赖某人”。②dependon+物意为“取决于某物”。名言警句Dependonothersandyoualwaysrepent.依靠别人总要后悔。e.g.Aboutaquarterofthemwilldependoncreativeactivitieslikedrawingandwritingmusictostayhappy.大约四分之一的人会依靠绘画和写音乐等创造性活动来保持快乐。Yinandyangdependoneachotherandinfluenceeachother.阴阳相互依存，相互影响。拓展：“thatdepends”和“it(all)depends”通常用于口语，意为“那得看情况”。e.g.Imaygothere,butthatdepends．我可能去那儿，但那要看情况。Idon’tknowifwecanhelp.Italldepends.我不知道我们能不能帮上忙。一切都得看情况而定。Youcan’tdependonyourparentsforever.你不能永远依赖你的父母。Healthdependsongoodfoodandexercise.健康取决于好的食物和运动。考题8：[连云港改编]Freshwaterisimportant.LifeonEarth___________（依赖）it.dependsonrich/rɪtʃ/adj.富有的；丰富的e.g.Hecamefromarichfamily.他出身于一个富裕家庭。Chinaisacountrywithalonghistoryandrichculture.中国是一个有着悠久历史和丰富文化的国家。Weshouldtryourbesttohelpthepoor.我们应该尽我们最大的努力帮助穷人。考点8rich—richer—richestthe+adj.指一类人：therich富人thepoor穷人返回⑧Thesenewtypesofenergycostverylittleandwillneverrunout.runout用完，耗尽e.g.Conditionsaregettingworseandsuppliesarerunningout.情况变得更糟糕了，补给快用完了。Heranoutoftheredink.他把红墨水用完了。考点9runout是不及物动词短语，表示“用完；耗尽”，其主语通常是时间、金钱、食物等无生命的名词。主动形式表被动含义。runoutof表示主动，“(人)把东西用完(或花光)”，其主语通常是人，of后跟某物，相当于useup。辨析：runout与runoutof考题9：Manypeoplehaven’trealizedthatourresourceswill______oneday.A.findoutB.putoutC.turnoutD.runoutD查明扑灭结果是用完，耗尽返回⑨Rememberthateveryonecandosomethingtomakeadifference!difference/'dɪfrəns/n.差异，不同（之处）考点10difference的词形变化：differentadj.不同的differencedifferentlyadv.不同地e.g.Fromthepassage,weknowthatreadingcanmakeadifferencetoaperson.从文章中，我们知道阅读可以对一个人产生影响。—Hi,guys.Wherewereweyesterday?嗨，伙伴们。我们昨天（学）到哪儿了？—Welearnedthedifferencesbetween“fact”and“opinion”.我们学了“fact”和“opinion”之间的区别。difference常与between，among连用，表示“……之间的不同”。常用词组makeadiffer