2024-2025学年广东省广州市高二下学期7月期末英语质量检测试题（含答案）

2024-2025学年广东省广州市高二下学期7月期末英语质量检测试题注意事项:1.答题前,考生先将自己的姓名、准考证号码填写清楚,将条形码准确粘贴在考生信息条形码粘贴区。2.选择题必须使用2B铅笔填涂;非选择题必须使用0.5毫米黑色字迹的签字笔书写,字体工整、笔迹清楚。3.请按照题号顺序在答题卡各题目的答题区域内作答,超出答题区域书写的答案无效;在草稿纸、试卷上答题无效。4.作图可先使用铅笔画出,确定后必须用黑色字迹的签字笔描黑。5.保持卡面清洁,不要折叠,不要弄破、弄皱,不准使用涂改液、修正带、刮纸刀。第二部分阅读(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AMUSICALHERITAGESFROMANCIENTCHINASinceremoteantiquity,Chinesepeoplehaveusedmusictorecordtheirlivesanddescribetheidealsintheirhearts.Catchytunesarenotonlyplayedonpreciousinstruments,butalsovisualizedincarvings,paintings,andbuildings.Feelfreetoexplorehere!HanDynasty(202BC-AD220)Thisperiodmarkedthesignificantdevelopmentofthemanufacturingofguginanditsmusic.TheexampleunearthedfromtheMawangduiHanDynastyTombinChangsha,Hunanprovince,provesthatguginhaddevelopedintotheformknowntodayduringthatperiod.Itshows7stringsand13markersindicatingthepressingpositionsofovertoneseries.NorthernWeiDynasty(386-534)Buddhismanditsmusicalculturespreadextensivelyduringthisperiod.Buddhisttemplesprovidedplacesformusicalactivities,whichwererecordedinmanyoftheexistingstonecarvings.LocatedinGongyi,Henanprovince,theGrotloTempleisfamousforitsreliefsrepresentingmusicalevents.Theyareprecioushistoricalmaterialsreflectingthemusiccharacteristicsofthedynasty.SongDynasty(960-1279)Witheconomicdevelopment,avarietyofmusicalculturesemergedtomeettheentertainmentneedsofdifferentsocialclasses.PartofthepaintingLifealongtheBianRiveralthePureBrightnessFestivalvividlyrevealsastorytellingperformance.Thepainteradopteddelicatetechniquestotrulyrecordastreetperformer,whosesuperbskillsarereflectedbyeachlistener’sshowofappreciation.MingDynasty(1368-1644)Atthistime,traditionalChineseoperasdevelopedrapidly,promotingtheformationofmanysingingstyles.Peoplebegantoenjoyoperasanddramastageswerebuilt.Coveringaconstructionareaofmorethan160squaremeters,theFancunvillagedramastageinShanxiprovinceprovidesrichmaterialsforthestudyofthelocalfolkculture.21.Whichheritagewouldafanofclassicalinstrumentsexplore?A．TheMingDynastydramastage.B．TheSongDynastypainting.C．TheNorthernWeiDynastytemple.D．TheHanDynastytomb.22.WhatcontributedtothediversityofSongDynastymusicalcultures?A．Economy.B．Politics.C．Religion.D．Technology.23.WhichperiodwitnessedtheboomofChineseoperas?A．HanDynasty.B．NorthernWeiDynasty.C．SongDynasty.D．MingDynasty.BMygreatestregretinlifeisthatIfailedtotellmysuperbteachershowmuchtheycontributedtomyearlyeducation.RuthHammermantaughtEnglishtotheeighth-graders.ShewasthefirsttoshowmetherulesofwhatEvelynWaughcalledour“richanddelicatelanguage.”Shewasano-nonsenseinstructor.Unlikecommonteachers,shediagramed(用图表展示)sentencessowecouldknowthegrammarrules.Sheneverseemedtobetiredofthesimplepleasuresofsharingherlearning.Underherinfluence,Ihadthestrongbeliefthatlanguageneedstobewell-spokenandproperlywritten.YetovertheyearsInevermadetheefforttofindherandtoexpressmythankfulnessforwhatshedidforme.Twoyearsafterbeinginherclass,IbeganthestudyofLatinandFrench,andthefoundationsheprovidedinEnglishgrammarservedmewell.Sadly,Ineverlookedback.InhighschoolItookadvancedFrenchinaclasstaughtbyRichardMiller,thefinestteacherIhaveeverexperiencedatanylevel.Mr.Millerbroughttohissubjectasurprisinglydeepunderstandingandnewanalysis.Reading“Phèdre”,Racine’sclassicplay,heaskedustonotetherewere1,654linesinit,andthenpointedoutthecareRacinedevotedtostructure.YearslaterImadethesamepoint—givingMr.Millercredit—inacollegeFrenchclass,andmyprofessorwassurprisedbymyunderstandingoftheplay.Mr.Millertaughtustoenjoyliteraturewithparticularpointsofview.YetInevermadetheeffortinlateryearstotellhimwhathemeanttome.Mr.Milleriscertainlylongdead.Ifsheisalive,MissHammermanwouldlikelybeinher90s.Inpreparingthisarticle,Itriedtofindherbutwasunsuccessful.Iamcertainmyactiscommon.Peopleoftenforgettoexpressloveandthankfulnesstotheirteachers.IoughttohavetoldMissHammermanandMr.Millerhowmuchtheydidforme.Isupposetheyknewtheirworkwaseffectivebecausetheybelievedinwhattheyweredoing.NowIappreciatehowspecialtheywere.24.WhatisthemostbeneficialparttotheauthorinMissHammerman’sclass?A．Grammar.B．Writing.C．Speaking.D．Reading.25.WhatisspecialaboutMr.Miller’sFrenchclass?A．Heaskedstudentstocountlines.B．Hestressedtheimportanceofplay.C．Heanalyzedliteratureinanewway.D．Heshowedgreatdevotiontostudents.26.Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase“myact”inthelastparagraphreferto?A．Preparingthearticle.B．Lookingfortheteachers.C．Failingtothankteachers.D．Copyingteachers’points.27.Whatistheauthor’spurposeofwritingthetext?A．ToshowloveforFrenchliterature.B．Toexplorethemeaningofeducation.C．Toexplainwhyteachersareimportant.D．Tosharememoriesofthetwoteachers.CIn2020,OpenAI,aresearchlabinSanFrancisco,revealedasystemcalledGPT-3.Itiswhatartificialintelligenceresearcherscallaneural(神经系统的)network,afterthewebofneuronsinthehumanbrain.Aneuralnetworkisreallyamathematicalsystemthatlearnsskillsbylocatingpatternsinvastamountsofdigitaldata.Byanalyzingthousandsofcatphotos,forinstance,itcanlearntorecognizeacat.“Wecallit‘artificialintelligence,’butabetternamemightbe‘findingstatisticalpatternsfromlargedatasets’,”saidDr.Gopnik,theBerkeleyprofessor.Morerecently,researchersatplaceslikeGoogleandOpenAIbeganbuildingneuralnetworksthatlearnedfromenormousamountsofprose,includingdigitalbooksandWikipediaarticlesbythethousands.GPT-3isanexample.Asitanalyzedallthatdigitaltext,itbuiltwhatyoumightcallamathematicalmapofhumanlanguage—morethan175billiondatapointsthatdescribehowwepiecewordstogether.Usingthismap,itcanperformmanydifferenttasks,likepenningspeeches,writingcomputerprogramsandhavingaconversation.Buttherearelimitations.IfyouaskGPT-3for10speechesinthevoiceofMarkTwain,itmightgiveyoufivethatsoundremarkablylikethefamouswriter—andfiveothersthatcomenowhereclose.Computerprogrammersusethetechnologytocreatesmallsnippets(一小段)ofcodetheycanslipintolargerprograms,butmoreoftenthannottheyhavetoeditandadjustwhateveritgivesthem.Still,Dr.Gopnikdescribedthiskindofsystemasintelligent.“Itisnotintelligentinthewayhumansare.Itislikeanunfamiliarformofintelligence,”hesaid.“Butitstillcounts.”A.I.Gopnikandmanyothersinthefieldareconfidentthattheyareonapathtobuildingamachinethatcandoanythingthehumanbraincando.Thisconfidenceshinesthroughwhentheydiscusscurrenttechnologies.HeadmitsthatsomeA.I.researchers“struggletodifferentiatebetweenrealityandsciencefiction.”Buthebelievestheseresearchersstillserveavaluablerole.“Theyhelpusdreamofthefullrangeofthepossible,”hesaid.Perhapstheydo.Butfortherestofus,thesedreamscangetinthewayoftheissuesthatdeserveourattention.28.WhichofthefollowingstatementscorrectlydescribesGPT-3?A．Itismeanttomonitorhuman’sneuronwebs.B．Itstoreslimitlessdatainitsmathematicalsystem.C．Itcanidentifyimagesandemployhumanlanguage.D．Itstudiespicturesanddigitalbookstoinventpatterns.29.Inparagraph3,theexampleofcomputerprogrammersisusedto__________.A．illustrateGPT-3isfarfromperfectB．warnprogrammersagainsttechnologyC．showtheprocessofslippingcodeintoprogramD．explainwhyGPT-3failstofindMarkTwain’sspeeches30.WhatdoesDr.GopnikthinkofthemathematicalsystemofGPT-3?A．Hefindsitvaluablebecauseitmaximizesthecurrenttechnologies.B．Hedoubtsitsworththoughitisremarkablysimilartoahumanbrain.A.I.thinkshighlyofitbecauseitplaysavaluableroleinA.I.research.D．Hebelievesitwillinterruptourthinkingthoughitdiffersfromsciencefiction.A.I.?hat’stheauthor’sattitudetowardsA.I.?A．Enthusiastic.B．Opposed.C．Supportive.D．Unconcerned.DPickupanypackagedprocessedfood,andthere’sadecentchancethatoneofitslistedingredientswillbe“naturalflavour”.Theingredientsoundsgood,particularlyincontrastto“artificialflavours”sincethereisacommonbeliefthatingredientsfromnaturearenecessarilysaferthansomethingartificiallymade.Butit’snottrue.Thenwhatexactlydoesthenaturalflavourmean?Itreferstoextracts(提取物)gotfromnaturalsourceslikeplants,meatorseafood.Whenconsumersseethe“naturalflavour”onalabel,theyareunlikelytoassumethatsomeoneissqueezingthejuicefromorangesintotheirbottles.Theyknoweventhoughnaturalflavourmustcomefromnaturalsources,itneedn’tallcomefromtheplantormeat.Forexample,orangeflavoursmightcontainnotonlyorangeextracts,butalsoextractsfrombarkandgrass.Soifflavourslikeorangeareneeded,whynotjustuseoranges?Theanswercomesdownto“availability,cost,andsustainability”,accordingtoflavourchemistGaryReinecciusoftheUniversityofMinnesota.“Ifyou’regoingtouseallyourgrapesongrapesoda,”Reinecciussays,“youdon’thaveanygrapesforwinemaking;theproductsaregoingtobeexorbitant;besides,whatdoyoudowiththeby-productsyoucreateafteryou’vesqueezedallthejuiceoutofthegrapes?”Actually,whilechemistsmakenaturalflavoursbyextractingchemicalsfromnaturalingredients,artificialflavoursaremadebycreatingthesamechemicalsartificially.Thereasonwhycompaniesbothertousenaturalflavoursratherthanartificialflavoursissimple:marketing.“Manyoftheseproductshavehealthtitles,”saysPlatkin,professorfromHunterCollege.“Consumersmaybetalkedtobelieveproductswithnaturalflavoursarehealthier,thoughtheyarenutritionallynodifferentfromthosewithartificialflavours.Naturalflavoursmayinvolvemoreforestclear-cuttingandcarbonemissionsfromtransportthanflavourscreatedinthelab.”Platkinsuggestsgettingmoretranrent(易懂的)labelingonpackagingthatdescribesexactlywhatthenaturalorartificialflavoursare,soconsumersare-notmisledintobuyingoneproductoveranotherbecauseof“naturalflavours”.Reinecciusalsoofferssimpleguidance:“Don’tbuyanythingbecauseitsays‘naturalflavours’.Buyitbecauseyoulikeit.”32.Whichismisunderstandingaboutthe“naturalflavour”juiceaccordingtoParagraph1？A．Itcomesfrom100%originalfruit.B．Itisnothingbutadvertisingtricks.C．Itcertainlycontainsextractsmadeinthelab.D．Itisabsolutelysaferthanjuicewithartificialflavours.33.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“exorbitant”inParagraph2probablymean?A．Popular.B．Expensive.C．Favorable.D．Innovative.34.Whydocompaniesusenaturalflavoursintheproducts?A．Tocutthecosts.B．Topromotethesales.C．Toadvocateahealthydiet.D．Toavoidfoodsafetyissues.35.Whatcanweconcludefromthetext?A．GaryandPlatkinholdoppositeperspectives.B．Naturalflavoursaremoreenvironmentallyfriendly.C．Customersaremisledforignoringlabelsonpackaging.D．Naturalandartificialflavoursaremorealikethanyouthink.第二节(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Haveyouconsideredhowtochooseyourmajorinuniversity,whichisofgreatsignificanceforyourfuturecareer?Hereissomepracticaladvice.Initially,don’tchooseamajormerelybasedonmoney,otherwisemistakeswillhappen.___36___Canyouseeyourselfinvestingthenext40yearsinthiscareerwithoutgettingbored?Actuallychoosingamajorwithhigh-payingcareerwon’tguaranteeyouahigh-payingjob.Itdependsonpositionopeningsandyourcompetitorswhenyougraduate.___37___Youwanttopicksomethingthatinterestsyou,butyouneedtobesureyouwon’tgetsickofitastimeprogresses.___38___Ahobbyisapursuitoutsideone’sregularoccupationforrelaxationwhilepassioncomfortsyouanddrivesyoucrazyatthesametime.Itisn’trelaxing.Itinsertsitselfintoyourlife.Whenyouchoosetostudyyourhobbyandbuildyourlifearoundit,itcanloseitsappealandwon’tberelaxing.Thirdly,neverchooseamajorbyfeelinginsteadofresearch.Beinginterestedinamajorisn’tenough.Researchingthefieldwillensureyoutochoosearightmajor.Ifyouknowsomeoneinthefield,askthemforsomeinformation.Besides,considertheentirejourneyyou’llpursue—thecoursework,themajordemands,theschooltimeyou’llneed,andtheavailablejobprospects.___39___Lastly,don’talwaysdependonyourparents.___40___However,thechoiceisultimatelyyours.Ifanyonewantstohelpyouinchoosingamajorandyoucompletelyagreewiththeiropinions,thengowithit.Butifyouwantyourfuturetogoinanyotherdirection,speakup.Theonlywaytogetthebestoutcomeistoshapeyourownfuture.A．Next,ahobbyisnevermeanttobeyourpriority.B．Theopinionsofyourfamilyaren’tsomethingtoignore.C．Besides,keepabalancebetweenhobbiesandrelaxation.D．Typically,peoplewillconfusetheirhobbieswiththeirpassions.E．Youshouldalsoconsideryourpassions,dislikes,andhappiness.F．Remembercollegeisaninvestmentofbothyourtimeandmoney.G．Ifyou’repassionateaboutamajorafterresearch,followyourheart.第二部分语言运用(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。OneofthepresentsinmyhousethisChristmaswasalate18th-centuryvolumeoftheEncyclopaediaBritannica(大英百科全书).Itisawindowintothediscoveriesandthinkingofthetime.Theencyclopaediaisanentertainingreminderofhow_______someofourcurrenttruthsareboundtobe.Certaintiesinareaswehaven’tyetunderstoodwilllookjustasridiculousassomeoftheseincenturiestocome.Andoneofthosewearestillremarkably_______istheeffectoffoodandexerciseonourbodies.We’resurroundedbyconfident_______onhowtoeat,howtoavoidorreverseobesity(肥胖),andyettheadviceseemspointlesswhiletheworldgetsfatter.Muchofwhatwethinkweknowisapileofassumptionsratherthan_______.OurconfusionisthethemeofSpoon-Fed,abookbyoneofBritain’sleadingnutritionresearchers,TimSpectorofKing’sCollegeLondon.Itssubtitleis:“Whyalmosteverythingwe’vebeentoldaboutfoodiswrong.”Itisacallforusto_______more.OnebyoneSpectoroffersanswerstorecentfood_______.Coffeecansaveourlives,hesays.Threetofourcupsadayreducestheriskofheartdiseaseandmaycuttheriskofdeathby8percent.Butterdoesnotdamageourhearts,Spectorargues,andsaltisvital.Eggshavegone“fromheroestovillainsandbackagain”.Don’tsaynotoallredmeaton_______grounds;occasionalsmallquantitiesofhigh-qualityunprocessedmeatprovideimportantvitaminsandironandare“probablygoodforyou“.ExerciseissogoodforlongevityandhappinessthatitshouldbeconsideredourNo1drug,buttheonethingforwhichit’s_______uselessislosingweight.Vitaminpillsareamultibillion-poundindustrywithalmostnoproven_______butwhichcancauserealharm.EvenvitaminD,whichSpectorusedtostudyandbelievein,henow_______.Spectoralsooffersmorethanasetofcurrently_______tips.Thescienceofnutritionhasnotbeensolvedbyhim,ashewouldbethefirsttoadmit.Hismost_______pointisthatthereisnoonesizethatfitsall.Ourbodiesarecomplex,andourreactionsare_______:yetnobodywantstopayfortheresearchthatmightexplainwhy.Somecombinationoffoodchoices,genes,environmentandthechemicalreactionsgeneratedbyourmicrobiome—theuniquemicrobecombinationsinourbody―yesdifferent_______foreachofus,leavingsomeleanandtwothirdsofustoofat.ThisistheterritorySpectorwantstoexplorefurtherandwhichmightjustallowusto_______theglobaltrendtoobesity,withalltheriskswe’vewitnessedthisyear.41.A．well-knownB．aim-orientedC．ill-foundedD．long-lived42.A．certainaboutB．ignorantofC．capableofD．worriedabout43.A．decisionsB．coursesC．focusesD．suggestions44.A．factsB．chancesC．reasonsD．features45.A．investigateB．demandC．concentrateD．spend46.A．suppliesB．shortagesC．standardsD．myths47.A．cultureB．historyC．economyD．health48.A．equallyB．practicallyC．sociallyD．impossibly49.A．effectivenessB．consciousnessC．nervousnessD．emptiness50.A．servesB．sharesC．recognizesD．dismisses51.A．pointlessB．topicalC．defensibleD．additional52.A．emotionalB．significantC．questionableD．forgivable53.A．individualB．unpredictableC．importantD．available54.A．changesB．outcomesC．profitsD．addicts55.A．startB．analyzeC．stopD．reflect第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。RecentmonthshaveseenareturnofbikesacrossChinawithanincreasingnumberofpeoplechoosingcyclinginsteadof___56___

(drive)toschools,toworkplacesortodosightseeing.Theintroductionofbikesharingprogramshasbroughtthetrendtoanewlevel.Thebikes___57___

(equip)withGPSandcanbeleftanywhereinpublicforthenextuserandthey’repopularamongmanyChinesepeopleastheyprovide___58___

effectivesolutioninplaces___59___

it’sdifficulttochangefromonekindoftransporttoanother.Bikesharingisa___60___

(green)methodoftransportationand___61___

(provide)amorefriendlyexperience.However,theprogramshavealsoledtoproblemssuchas___62___

(legal)parking,deliberate(蓄意的)damageandtheft.Todealwiththeseproblems,thecompanycameupwiththeideaofencouragingpeople___63___

(return)thebikestostations___64___

rewardingfreetimefortheirnextrides.Now,Chineseserviceoperatorsarealsotryingtoaddresstheseproblems,too.Forexample,Mobikesetsa100pointcreditscoreforeachuser,with___65___(point)takeninthecaseofbadbehavior.Onceascoredropsbelow80,thebikerentalisincreasedto100yuanper30minutes,upfrom0.51yuan.第三部分写作(共两节，满分40分)(满分15分)假定你是李华，你校要为高二学生在每周五多设置一节必修课，现向全校学生征询建议。请你向学校提出你的课程建议，内容包括：1.课程设置；2.设置原因。注意：1．写作词数应为80左右；2．请按如下格式作答。AProposalforanAdditionalCompulsoryCourse________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________第二节(满分25分)67.阅读下面材料,根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段,使之构成一篇完整的短文。Evaspentthefirstweekofhighschooltryingtokeepherheadabovewater.Oneofthemajorheadachesforherwasfindingherwayinthehugeschoolbuilding.Itwasasix-storybuilding.Oneachfloor,hallwaysstretchedinfourdirections,leadingtoclassrooms,laboratories,andteachers’offices.Somewhereinthebuilding,therewasalsoalibrary,acafeteria,andagym.Havingapoorsenseofdirection,Evafounditimpossibletogetaroundinsuchahugebuilding.Allthedifferenthallwaysandroomsweretoomuchtothinkabout,letalonecommittomemory.Shedecidedthatshewouldmemorizewhereherclasseswereandthenpretendthattherestoftheplacedidn’texist.InherfirstPEclass,EvawasshockedwhenCoachPittannouncedthateveryonehadtorunonemilearoundthetrackoutside.Shesearchedthefacesofherclassmatesforsignsofpanic.Therewasnothingshefearedmorethanhavingtorunawholemile.ToEva,“amile”wasusedtodescribelongdistances.Itwastenmilesfromherhometohergrandfather’s,andthatalwaysseemedlikealongway,eveninacar!WhenCoachPittblewhiswhistle(哨子),Evafiguredshewouldbeleftinthedust.However,whilesomeofherclassmatesedgedahead,othersactuallyfellbehind.”It’sjustthebeginning,“shethought.”I’llcomeinlastforsure.“SoonEvabegantobreathehard,withherheartpoundingandlegsshaking.Feelingdesperate,Evastartedusingamindtrickonherself.Shestoppedthinkingabouttheword”mile.“Instead,shefocusedonreachingtheshadowcastonthetrackbyanoaktreeupahead.Thensheconcentratedonjoggingtothespotwherethetrackcurved(拐弯).Afterthat,shetriedtoseeifshecouldcompleteherfirstlap.Onelapturnedintotwo,thenthree,thenfour.注意:

1.续写词数应为150左右;

2,请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。

Paragraph1:WhenCoachPittsaid“Nicework!”toheratthefinishline,Evawassurprised.__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Paragraph2:Evadecidedtousethesametricktodealwiththeschoolbuilding._____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________