【高一外研寒假作业】练习11 M2U1 Food for thought（解析版）

2/2练习11-外研版必修二Unit1Foodforthought一、单词拼写Themachinewillnot______________(运转)properlyifitisnotkeptwelloiled.Itisgood______________(礼貌)foranArabtostandclosetohisfriendswhentheyaretalking.Hisbusiness_______________(遭受)agreatlossduringtheWorldWar.Althoughagainstour______________(看法)，theoldprofessordidn’tcomeupwithhisown.Thateveningthey______________(聚集)inmyhouseandtalkedtillitwaslate.The______________(官方的)announcementwasmadeadayortwolater.Icouldn’t______________(抵制)tellinghimthesecretwhenIsawhisinnocenteyes.Theschoolhascomeunder______________(攻击)forfailingtoencouragebrightpupils.Mostparentssaidtheirchildrenhadanactive,healthy______________(生活方式)．Themilksmells______________(酸).You'dbetterpouritout.Policehavealready______________(确认)around10murdersuspects.Hecutdownoncoffeeandcigarettes,andateabalanced______________(日常饮食).Shelaiddownherknifeandforkandpushedher______________(盘子)away.【答案】1.function2.manners3.suffered4.opinions5.gathered6.official7.resist8.attack9.lifestyle10.sour11.identified12.diet13.plate二、根据提示写短语1.__________________以防万一2.__________________适应，适合3.__________________买，购买4.__________________由于，幸亏5.__________________对……感到震惊6.__________________喜欢上7.__________________遭受，忍受8.__________________处理；应付9.__________________偶遇，遇到10.__________________解决，算出；实现11.__________________属于12.__________________最终处于，到头来13.__________________打听，别后叙谈14.__________________教育；养育；提出15.__________________试用，试验【答案】1.incase2.adaptto3.pickup4.thanksto5.beshockedat6.taketo7.sufferfrom8.dealwith9.comeacross10.workout11.belongto12.endup13.catchup14.bringup15.tryout三、词形转换1.marriagen.婚姻→_____________v.结婚2.typicaladj.典型的，有代表性的→_____________adv.通常；典型地；具有代表性地3.sufferv.(身体或精神上)受苦→_____________n.苦难；痛苦4.poisonn.毒素，毒物，毒药→_____________adj.引起中毒的；有毒的5.addictn.对……着迷的人→_____________adj.上瘾的；成瘾的→_____________n.瘾；入迷；嗜好6.differv.不同，不一样，有区别→_____________n.差别；差异→_____________adj.有差异的；不同的7.recommendv.推荐→_____________n.推荐；介绍8.satisfyingadj.令人高兴的，令人满意的→_____________vt.(使)满足；(使)满意→_____________adj.满足的；满意的→_____________n．满意；满足9.convenientadj.方便的，便利的→_____________n.方便；便利的事物10.resistv.忍住，按捺→_____________n.反抗；抵制11.adaptv.(使)适应，(使)适合→_____________n.适应；改编，改写【答案】1.marriagen.婚姻→marryv.结婚2.typicaladj.典型的，有代表性的→typicallyadv.通常；典型地；具有代表性地3.sufferv.(身体或精神上)受苦→sufferingn.苦难；痛苦4.poisonn.毒素，毒物，毒药→poisonousadj.引起中毒的；有毒的5.addictn.对……着迷的人→addictedadj.上瘾的；成瘾的→addictionn.瘾；入迷；嗜好6.differv.不同，不一样，有区别→differencen.差别；差异→differentadj.有差异的；不同的7.recommendv.推荐→recommendationn.推荐；介绍8.satisfyingadj.令人高兴的，令人满意的→satisfyvt.(使)满足；(使)满意→satisfiedadj.满足的；满意的→satisfactionn．满意；满足9.convenientadj.方便的，便利的→conveniencen．方便；便利的事物10.resistv.忍住，按捺→resistancen.反抗；抵制11.adaptv.(使)适应，(使)适合→adaptationn.适应；改编，改写四、单句语法1.Theirsudden____________(marry)isanunexpectedincidenttoeveryone.2.Thepictureremindedhim____________hishomeandfamilyinParis.3.Whatshouldyoudoifyouarebeing____________(bite)bymosquitoes?4.Afraidofthedog，thelittlegirldoesn’tdare____________(go)nearthehouse.5.Weweregoingswimming,butendedup____________(watch)TVathome.6.WiththeSpringFestivalapproaching,wearebusy____________(get)readyforthisfinalexam.7.Thesoldiers____________(shock)bywhattheysawthere.8.Mostofuscouldn’tsayawordatthe____________(amaze)news.9.Itwas________(original)plannedtoputupabigbuildinghere.Theartistscombined____________(differ)techniquesinthesamepainting.Youneedtousesome____________(office)letterstoinvitehim.【答案】1.marriage2.of3.bitten4.togo5.watching6.getting7.wereshocked8.amazing9.originally10.differentofficial五、课文填空MyfatherisBritishandmymotherisChinese.Mymotheroftencooksspicy1.____________(dish).Thankstothis,aftermanyyearsof2.____________(marry)tomymother,hehascometolovehotpot.Buthestilldoesn’t3.____________(easy)taketo4.____________(eat)thingslikechickenfeet.Hefelt5.____________(shock)whenhesaw6.____________theChineseatealmosteverypartofananimal.Dadcancookasuper“fullEnglishbreakfast”aswellasatypicalSundayroastandmymotherandIenjoythem.Mymother7.____________(encourage)metotrydifferentkindsofChinesefoodduringmyvisittoChina.Ilovedeverythingexcept8.____________(stink)tofu.9．____________(grow)upinsuch10.____________cross­culturefamily,Ihaveenjoyedfoodfromtwocultures.Ifeelathomewithfoodfrombothmycultures.【答案】dishes2.marriage3.easily4.eating5.shocked6.how7.encouraged8.stinky9．Growing10.a六、完形填空Teachingyourchildrenhealthyeatingisimportantsotheyhaveagoodrelationshipwithfood.Childrenwho1toomuchofthewrongtypesoffoodsareat2riskofhealthconditionslikefatness,heartdiseaseandcancer.3alltheadsforjunkfood,itcanbehardtokeepyourchildeatinghealthily.4,therearewaysyoucanemployto5childrenachievethisgoal.Serveyourchildmainly6snacks,suchasfruitsandvegetablesorwholegrainbiscuitsandcheese.Keephealthysnacks7byplacingthemonlowshelvesinthefridgeorinthecabinetssoyourchildrencan8themwhenhungry.Ifyoudon’t9yourchildtoeataparticularfood,keepitoutofthe10.She/Hecan’teatfoodsthataren’t11.Makelessunhealthyfoodssomethingyoueat12.Thiswilllimitthe13ofjunkfoodyourchildcaneat.Don’t14junkfoodasatradingtool.15childrenwithjunkfoodorusingittopleasechildrentogetthemtoeathealthierfoods16makesthisfoodmoreappealingandhealthierfoodslessattractive,so17non-foodrewards(奖励).Childrenlearnby18whatyoudo.Inmyopinion,19youdon’twantyourchildtoeattoomuchjunkfood,modelhealthyeatingand20eatingalotofjunkfoodyourself.Allowchildrentohelppickoutnew,healthyfoodsforsnacks.1．A．eat B．waste C．have D．make2．A．lower B．better C．higher D．bigger3．A．Over B．With C．After D．On4．A．Therefore B．However C．Formally D．Finally5．A．order B．see C．help D．protect6．A．unhealthy B．simple C．poor D．healthy7．A．accessible B．ready C．prepared D．nearby8．A．cook B．reach C．arrive D．afford9．A．hope B．want C．advise D．promise10．A．house B．place C．school D．yard11．A．here B．there C．over D．out12．A．immediately B．always C．honestly D．rarely13．A．quality B．character C．amount D．shape14．A．see B．use C．get D．give15．A．Providing B．Rewarding C．Sharing D．Filling16．A．only B．also C．even D．ever17．A．choose B．buy C．exchange D．demand18．A．remembering B．delaying C．watching D．imagining19．A．once B．if C．though D．as20．A．prevent B．keep C．avoid D．ban【答案】1-5ACBBC6-10DABBA11-15BDCBB16-20AACBC【分析】文章主要介绍了培养孩子健康饮食的原因和方法。1．考查动词词义辨析。A.eat吃；B.waste浪费；C.have有；D.make制作。根据Teachingyourchildrenhealthyeatingisimportantsotheyhaveagoodrelationshipwithfood.及下文可知，整个文章都有孩子的吃有关。故选A。2．考查形容词比较级词义辨析。A.lower更低的；B.better更好的的；C.higher更高的；D.bigger更大的。根据likefatness,heartdiseaseandcancer.可知，吃太多不健康的食物，有更高的健康风险，比如肥胖、心脏病和癌症。故选C。3．考查介词词义辨析。A.Over穿越；B.With带有；C.After之后；D.On在…..上面。介词with，表示“带着；具有”之意。故选B。4．考查副词词义辨析。A.Therefore因此；B.However然而；C.Formally正式地；D.Finally最终。分析前后句可知，这里为转折关系。故选B。5．考查动词词义辨析A.order命令；B.see看；C.help帮助；D.protect保护。由下文提出的方法可知，这些方法能够孩子们实现这个目标。故选C。6．考查形容词词义辨析。A.unhealthy不健康的；B.simple简单的；C.poor穷的；D.healthy健康的。根据suchasfruitsandvegetablesorwholegrainbiscuitsandcheese.所列举的食物，可知都是健康的零食。故选D。7．考查形容词词义辨析。A.accessible可得到的；B.ready准备的；C.prepared准备好的；D.nearby附近的。根据byplacingthemonlowshelvesinthefridgeorinthecabinets可知，放在低处的目的是为了让孩子容易拿到。故选A。8．考查动词词义辨析。A.cook做饭；B.reach（伸手）触及；C.arrive到达；D.afford付得起。孩子饿的时候就可以够到食物，动词reach表示“伸出（手）够到”之意。故选B。9．考查动词词义辨析。A.hope希望；B.want想要；C.advise建议；D.promise答应。根据keepitoutofthe___10___.可知，是不想要让孩子吃某种特定的食物。故选B。10．考查名词词义辨析。A.house房子；B.place地方；C.school学校；D.yard院子。根据She/Hecan’teatfoodsthataren’t___11___.可知，屋子里没有的食物，孩子是吃不到的。故选A。11．考查副词词义辨析。A.here这儿；B.there那儿；C.over穿过；D.out出来。这里指屋子里，所以用副词there。故选B。12．考查副词词义辨析。A.immediately立即；B.always总是；C.honestly诚实地；D.rarely很少。根据Makelessunhealthyfoods可知，父母很少吃的东西，孩子也会少吃。故选D。13．考查名词词义辨析。A.quality质量；B.character角色；C.amount数量；D.shape形状。根据前句Makelessunhealthyfoodssomethingyoueat___12___.可知，少做不健康的食物，孩子吃的垃圾食品的数量就会减少。故选C。14．考查动词词义辨析。A.see看见；B.use使用；C.get得到；D.give给予。结合句意可知，这里用短语use…as…把……当成……。故选B。15．考查动词词义辨析。A.Providing提供；B.Rewarding奖励；C.Sharing分享；D.Filling装满。根据前句Don’t___14___junkfoodasatradingtool.可知，这里指为了奖励孩子，把垃圾食品当作交易工具。故选B。16．考查副词词义辨析。A.only只有；B.also也；C.even甚至；D.ever曾经。根据___15___childrenwithjunkfoodorusingittopleasechildrentogetthemtoeathealthierfoods可知，这样做的结果，只会带来不好的后果。故选A。17．考查动词词义辨析。A.choose选择；B.buy买；C.exchange交换；D.demand要求。根据前句___15___childrenwithjunkfoodorusingittopleasechildrentogetthemtoeathealthierfoods___16___makesthisfoodmoreappealingandhealthierfoodslessattractive可知，要选择非食物来奖励孩子。故选A。18．考查动词词义辨析。A.remembering记得；B.delaying延迟；C.watching观看；D.imagining想象。根据常识可知，孩子往往会观察和模仿父母的行为。故选C。19．考查连词词义辨析。A.once一旦；B.if如果；C.though尽管；D.as因为。根据前后句意可知，本句为if引导的条件状语从句。故选B。20．考查动词词义辨析。A.prevent阻止；B.keep保持；C.avoid避免；D.ban禁止。Inmyopinion,___19___youdon’twantyourchildtoeattoomuchjunkfood,modelhealthyeating可知，父母要做好健康饮食的模范，避免自己吃太多的垃圾食品。故选C。七、阅读理解阅读下面短文，从每题所给的选项中选出最佳选项回答问题。Wearewhatweeat.Thatisanoldexpression,butoneworthknowing.Arecentlookatdietsaroundtheworldshowsthatpeoplewhoeathealthyfood—andnottoomuchofit—livelonger.Butwhichareasoftheworldhavethebestdiets？Researchersfoundthatfoodsinsomeofthehealthiestdiets—Mediterranean,NewNordic,JapaneseandFrench—maybeverydifferent,buttheyareallheavyonlocal,seasonalandlimitprocessedfoods,whicharehighinvegetablesandseafoodandlowinredmeat.Mediterraneandietcontainslotsoffruits,vegetables,wholegrains,nutsandoliveoil.Thediethasproperamountsoffishandpoultry(禽肉).Redmeatandfoodshighinsugarandsaltarenotbigpartsofthisdiet.NewNordicdiethaswholegrainslikeoatsandrye,vegetablessuchascarrots,broccoliandeggs,seafood,fruits,oil,low­fatmilkandcheese.Verysugarydessertsarenotcommoninthisdiet.Japanesepeoplearesomeofthelongest­livingpeopleontheplanet,withwomenupto87yearsoldandmenupto80.TheJapanesedietisthereasonforsuchlengthsoflife.Thediethasmanyfoodsthatarelowincaloriesandhighinnutrients.Japanesepeopleeatalotofseaweed,tofu,rice,vegetablesandfish.Thetraditionthereistostopeatingwhenyourstomachfeels80percentfull.However,Frenchpeopleeatfattyfoodsbutdonotgetfat.Andtheylivealongtime.Thisphenomenoniscalledthe“FrenchParadox”.ThereasonwhytheFrencheatfattyfoodswithoutgettingfatmaybesimple.Theyeatless.ServingsizesinFrenchrestaurantsandinproductssoldinstoresaresmallerthanthoseinmostcountries.Andgenerallyspeaking,mostFrenchpeopledonotsnack.Thismeanstheydonoteatfoodbetweenmeals.Whatdoweknowaboutthehealthiestdietsaroundtheworld?Theycontainabundantcalories.Theytendtobeexpensive.C.Theysharecertainsimilarities.D.Theyreflectpopulartastes.2.WhatisconsideredasaharmfuleatinghabitinJapanesetradition?A.Goinglowincalories.B.Eatingtothefullest.C.Havingmuchseafood.D.Pickingmanyfoods.3.Howdoestheauthordevelopthecentralideainthelast4Paragraphs?A.Bybuildingconnections.B.Byexploringreasons.C.Bylistingoutexamples.D.Byanalyzingfigures.4.Whichcanbethemostsuitabletitleforthetext?A.Whatisthehealthiestdietonearth?B.Howdoestheoldexpressionserve?C.Whyisahealthydietsoimportant?D.Wherecanweplantourselveswell?【答案】C细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句中的“theyareallheavyonlocal,seasonalandlimitprocessedfoods,whicharehighinvegetablesandseafoodandlowinredmeat”可知全世界最健康的饮食都有相似之处，故选C。B推理判断题。根据第四段最后一句“Thetraditionthereistostopeatingwhenyourstomachfeels80percentfull.”可知，在日本传统中，吃得太饱被认为是一种不健康的饮食习惯。故选B。C推理判断题。根据文章列举了地中海饮食以及日本、法国等饮食习惯可知，文章是通过举例来阐述中心思想的，故选C。A标题判断题。根据文章内容可知，文章列举了一些饮食最健康的地区和国家并找到其饮食的共同之处，来说明健康饮食对寿命有直接影响。A项符合文意，最适合作标题，故选A。八、补全对话7选5TVtimecancausealosstoyourchildren’snutrition.Why?Manykidsspendagreatamountoftimeinfrontofthetelevision.1Someofthefoodsshownincommercials(商业广告)don’tdothemanygoodwhenitcomestofeedingtheirgrowingbrainsandbodies.Manyarehighinfat，sugar，sodiumand/orcaloriesand