陕西省安康市、商洛市、榆林市2023-2024学年高三上学期第二次质量联考试题 英语 含解析

2023-2024学年度安康市高三年级第二次质量联考英语试卷考生注意:1.本试卷共150分。考试时间120分钟。2.请将各题答案填写在答题卡上。第一部分听力(共两节,满分30分)做题时,先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后,你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分,满分7.5分)听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后,你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。例:Howmuchistheshirt?A.£19.15. B.£9.18. C.£9.15. 答案是C.1.Whatdoesthewomanwanttodo?A.Havearest. B.Gotothemovie. C.VisitJeffwiththeman. 2.Atwhattimewillthespeakersmeet?A.5:20. B.5:10. C.4:40. 3.Whatdoesthewomanadvisethemantodo?A.Orderataxi.B.Takeadifferenttrain.C.Rescheduletheinterview.4.Wherearethespeakersnow?A.Inthestreet. B.lnthechemist's. C.Inthetouristoffice. 5.HowdoesthewomanpracticeherEnglish?A.Bytalkingtonatives.B.Byvisitingthewebsites.C.BystartinganEnglishcorner.第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分,满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前,你将有时间阅读各个小题,每小题5秒钟;听完后,各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料,回答第6、7题。6.Whatdoesthewomanthinkofthesmellinthefactory?A.Wonderful. B.Alittlestrange. C.Toostrong. 7.Wheredidtheworkersputtheicecream?A.Inthebowls. B.Intheboxes. C.Onthesheets. 听第7段材料,回答第8、9题。8.WhydoesthemanwanttobuyanewTV?A.TheoldTVisbroken.B.ThenewTVischeapnow.C.Hemovedtoanewhouse, 9.WhatkindofTVsetwillthemanprobablybuy?A.Acheapone. B.Asmallone. C.Abigone. 听第8段材料,回答第10至12题。 10.Whatkindoftickethasthemanbought? A.Afirst-classone.B.Asecond-classone.C.Abusiness-classone.11.Whatisfreeonthetrain?A.Meals. B.Snacks. C.Coffee. 12,Whenshouldthemanreachthetrainstation?A.Before8:30am.B.At9:00am.C.After9:00am.听第9段材料,回答第13至16题。13.Whatdoesthewomanplantodonextyear?A.Getajob. B.Gotravelling. C.Gotouniversity. 14.Whichcountryarethespeakersin?A.Ireland. B.America. C.Britain, 15,Whatdoesthemanlovedoing?A.Repairingcars.B.Studyingphilosophy.C.Learninganotherlanguage.16,Whatdothewoman'slastwordsmean?A.Shewishesthemantogotocollege.B.Shewillhelpthemangetaqualification.C.Shecanaskthemantofixhercarinthefuture.听第10段材料,回答第17至20题。17.Whatisthemainpurposeoftheweatherwarningsystem?A.Towarnpeopleoutdoorstogetinside.B.Toletpeopletestthewarningsystem.C.Toinformpeoplewithoutradiosofdanger.18.Whowillplaytheloudnoise?A.Localmedia. B.Localofficials. C.Localresidents. 19.Wheredoesthespeakeradvisepeopletogoafterhearingawarning?A,Tothepark,B.Tothepublicshelter.C.Totheinsideofabuilding.20.Whatisthespeechmainlyabout?A.Awarningsystem.B.Aweatherreport.C.Anaccident.第二部分阅读理解(共两节,满分40分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2分,满分30分)阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中,选出最佳选项。ATherearesomenewinventionsinthefieldofartificialintelligence(AI).Let'shavealook.Invention1:AsystemtoidentifyParkinson'sdiseaseThesystemworksbymeasuringaperson'sbreathingpatternsduringsleep.TheresearchersnotedthatearlysignsofParkinson'sdiseasearenoteasytodiscover.Buttheteamsaidtheexperimentsshowedthatwithjustonenightofsleep,theAIsystemcancorrectlyidentifyParkinson'sdiseaseupto86%ofthetime.Invention2:AtooltointerpretpigemotionsThescientistsdevelopedanAI-drivenalgorithmtoidentifyaseriesofemotionsthepigscouldbeexperiencing.Thestudycenteredonmorethan7,000audiorecordingsofpigsindifferentsituations.Theresearcherssaidthetoolcanleadtofurthersystemsfarmerscanusetoimprovetheproductivityandwell-beingoftheiranimals.Invention3:AsystemtoidentifyandpredictsmellsThescientistsbuiltonpastresearchtoproduceabrain-liketechnologymodeltocreatea“principalodormap”toidentifymoleculesrelatedtosmells.Theteamsaidsuchasystemcanbeusedacrossmanydifferentfields,includingthehealthcare,foodandfragranceindustries,Theresearchersreportedthatthesystemcanbeusedtohelpfightoneoftheworld'sbiggesthealthproblems--diseasesspreadthroughinsects.Invention4:AtooltofillinmissingwordsinancientwritingsThetool，calledIthaca,isdesignedtohelphistoriansrepairthewritingsandidentifywhenandwheretheywerewritten.Theteamsaidthatwhenhistoriansworkedontheirown,thesuccessrateforrepairingdamagedinscriptionswasabout25%.ButwhenhumansteamedupwithIthacatoassistintheirwork,thesuccessratejumpedto72%.21.Whichinventioncanhelpfarmersincreaseincome?A.Invention1. B.Invention2. C.Invention3. D.Invention4. 22.Whatdoinvention1andinvention3haveincommon?A.Theyaregoodforpeople'shealth.B.Theyshouldbeusedduringsleep.C.Theycancurepeopleofmanydiseases.D.Theyfocusontheresearchonsmells.23.Howdoesinvention4helphistorians?A.Byrecoveringtheirhealth.B.Byimprovingtheiraccuracy,C.Byidentifyingtheirwritings.D.Bystimulatingtheiremotions.BLastyear,therewere38studentmembersandafull-timeteacherintheschoolband.Butoverthesummer,thedirectortookanotherjobandtheschoolboardhadnoapplicantsforthevacantposition.“Itwassuchadowner,”remembersJadynLane.“Butweweregivenachoice--wecouldsignupforotherelectives(选修课)，orfindawaytomakethebandwork.”Moststudentssignedupforotherelectives,but10studentsdecidedtostay.“Itwasn'tanoptiontoquit,”saysHaileyFitzgerald.“I'vebeeninthebandforsevenyears.Iloveit!It'stooimportantfortoomanyreasons.”ThestudentselectedHaileyasdirector,apositionsheacceptedontheconditiontheywouldallworktogetherandshareresponsibilities.TheyrecruitedCaseyGriffithandJenniferNail-Cooktobetheirofficialfacultyadvisors.Caseydidthepaperwork,andJenniferhelpedwiththemusic.Theydirectedthemselves.Frontandcenteronthebandroomwhiteboardareasetofruleswhichtheycreatedthemselves.Inaddition,theymadeacalendar(日历)oftheirupoomingevents,likefootballgames.Itincludedadailycountdowntoeacheventsothey'dbeprepared.Perhapsmostimportantly,theydecidedwhichinstrumentswerenecessarytomakeabandofthissizework.Mostofthemweredrummers.Howcouldtheyplaythoseinstrumentswiththepeopletheyhad?“Severalmembersswitchedinstrumentsandsomeevenlearntbrandnewones,"Haileysays.Thetimecamelastmonthfortheirfirstpublicperformance.ItwasahomefootballgameagainstRichwood.Theyhadnoideawhattoexpect.Woulditwork?Wouldthecrowdcheerthemon?Wouldtheycheerupthefootballteam?Totheirsurprise,agroupofstudentsmadepostersforthebandandhungthemattheentrancetothefootballfield.“Wethoughtsomepeopledidn'tevenknowwestillhadaband,”saysJadyn.Buttheirclassmateshadbeenpayingattentionandwantedtomaketheirfirstgamespecial.Andtheirschoolwon.24.Whatdotheunderlinedwords“adowner”inparagraph2mean?A.Somethingrewarding.B.Somethingdemanding.C.Somethingfrightening.D.Somethingdisappointing.25.Howdidthemembersovercomethechallenges?A.Theyredefinedtheirroles. B.Theysoughthelpfromparents. C.Theylearnttobeatdrums. D.Theyjoinedthefootballteam. 26.Whatcanbelearntabouttheirfirstpublicperformance?A.Itdrewlittleattention. B.Itwasahugesuccess. C.Itwonlotsofbonuses. D.Itwasatotalmess. 27.Whichwordbestdescribestheremainingmembers?A.Confident. B.Sensible. C.Devoted. D.Ambitious. CAnewstudyrevealsthattreescancommunicateandwarneachotherofdanger.“Forthefirsttime,researchershavebeenabletovisualizeplant-to-plantcommunication,”saidMasatsugu,seniorauthorofthestudy.Theideaoftalkingtreesstartedtotakerootinthe1980s.Twoscientistsfoundthatdamagedtreesbeganproducingchemicalsthatmadetheirleavesunappetizingandindigestibletodiscourageinsects.Thetreesthensentchemicalsignalstooneanotherthroughtheair.Overthepastfourdecades,scientistshaveobservedthiscell-to-cellcommunicationinmorethan30plantspecies.Pastresearchshowsplantscommunicatewiththeirsurroundingsbyreleasingchemicalsknownasvolatile(易挥发的)organiccompounds.Oneclassofthesecompoundsarereleasedwhenaplantisinjured:greenleafyvolatiles.Thesearereleasedby,asthenamesuggests,prettymucheverygreenplantwithleaves,andareproducedwhenaplantexperiencesphysicaldamage.Anexampleofthesecompoundsisthesmellreleasedfromfresh-cutgrass.Inthenewstudy,Masatsuguandhiscolleaguesmanuallydamagedleavesandplacedinsectsontomatoplantstotriggerthereleaseofvariousgreenleafyvolatiles.Aftertestingmanyofthem,theteamfounditseemedtoincreasecalciumions(钙离子)insidecells.Thecalciumsignalingislikeaswitchtoturnonthedefenseresponsesfromtheplants.Withthisnewunderstanding,researcherssayplantscouldbeimmunizedagainstthreatsandstressorsbeforetheyevenhappen.Forinstance,exposinghealthyplantstoinsect-riddenplantsortheassociatedgreenleafyvolatilescouldboosttheirgeneticdefenses,sofarmersuselesspesticides.Therevelationcouldalsohelpmakeplantsmoreresilient(有复原力的)duringadrought,signalingtheplantstoconservemorewater.28.Whatdoesthenewresearchfind?A.Treescaninformothertreesofpotentialthreats.B.Treescanmakethemselvesattractive.C.Treeswillsendsignalsfirstoncedamaged.D.Treeswillworktogethertotrickinsects.29.Whatcanbelearntaboutgreenleafyvolatiles?A.Theydefendinsects, B.Theykillinsects. C.Someofthemcanbesmelt. D.Someofthemcanbeseen. 30.HowwasthestudycarriedoutbyMasatsugu?A.Byprotectingtreesfrominsects.B.Byclassifyinggreenleafyvolatiles.C.Byincreasingcalciumionsinsidecells.D.Bycausingthereleaseofcertainchemicals.31.Whataspectofthenewstudydoesthelastparagraphfocuson?A.Itstarget. B.Itsprocess. C.Itsapplication, D.Itsbackground. DRenewableenergysourcescanhelpcombatclimatechange,butdietarychoicesalsoplayasignificantrole.Optingforplant-baseddietsorlab-grownfoodcanreducegreenhousegasemissionsfromthefoodsystem.Wehighlightthepotentialofdietarychangesandtheimportanceofprovidingchoicesinsteadofmandates(命令).Researchshowsthataglobalshifttowardsvegetarian(素食的)dietscouldcutemissionsfromfoodsystembyoverhalf.Evensmallchangestowardsplant-baseddietscanhaveameaningfulimpact.Substitutingconventionalfoodwithlab-grownalternativescouldprevent1degreeoffuturewarming.Thesefindingsdemonstratethepowerofdietarychangesinaddressingclimatechallenges.Dietarychoicesareinfluencedbyfactorslikeculture,religion,andeconomics.Itisunrealistictoexpecteveryonetobecomevegetarianimmediately.Respectingindividualchoicesiscrucialinpromotingsustainablediets.Byofferinginformationandraisingawareness,individualscanmakechoicesaccordingtotheirneedsandvalueswhilecontributingtocollectiveefforts.Transformingindustrialfoodproductionisnecessary,butindividualchoicesarestillvital.Educationandawarenesscampaignscaninformpeopleabouttheenvironmentalimpactofdifferentdietarychoicesandempowerthemtomakeinformeddecisions.Combiningindividualactionswithsystematicchangescancreateapowerfulforceforhumanhealthandtheplanet,Ratherthanexpectingimmediatevegetarianism,acknowledgingtheimpactofsmallchangesisimportant.Gradualshiftstowardsmoresustainabledietarychoices,likereducinganimalproductconsumptionandincreasingvegetableintake,canresultinsignificantenvironmentalbenefitswhenmultipliedacrosspopulations.Inconclusion,addressingclimatechangerequiresmultipleapproaches,withdietarychoicesplayingacrucialrole.Offeringchoiceswhilerecognizingthechallengesassociatedwithdietaryshiftsisessential.Bycombiningpersonaldietarychangeswithbroadereffortstoreshapethefoodsystem,wecanmakesubstantialprogresstowardsahealthierplanetwhilerespectingindividualpreferences.32.Whichisadietarychoicetoreducegreenhousegasemissions?A.Choosingplant-baseddiets,B.Choosingrenewableenergysources.C.Givingthecommandfordietarychanges.D.Increasingconsumptionofprocessedfood.33.Howdoestheauthorshowtheeffectsofdietarychangesinparagraph2?A.Byansweringquestions. B.Bylistingafigure. C.Byanalyzingthereasons. D.Byusingaquotation, 34.What'stheauthor'sattitudetowardssmalldietarychanges?A.Indifferent. B.Skeptical. C.Favorable. D.Objective. 35.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A.SmallchangesinlifechoicescanmakebigimpactsB.RenewableenergysourcescanreducegasemissionsC.Lab-grownnutritionalfoodcouldpreventfuturewarmingD.Thepowerofdietarychoicesinfightingclimatechange第二节(共5小题;每小题2分,满分10分)根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Tobringachildtolife,themothergoesthroughsleeplessnights,uncomfortablemorningsandexcruciating(极痛苦的)birthpains.Andthefathersupportsthemotherandtakescareofthechildlikeasuperhero.36Therearemanywaysinwhichyoucanconveyyourlovetoyourfriendsandspouse.Buthowdoyouexpressyourloveandgratitudetoyourparents?Herearesometips.37Parentsneverplantohaveabadrelationshipwiththeirchildren.However,thingscangowrong,especiallysinceparentingisoneofthetoughestthingstodo.Whenyoucreatepositivethoughtsaboutyourparents,youwillbemorelikelytorespectandlovethem.Makethemyourpriority.Youwereyourparents'priorityonceandstillare.Maybeyourmotherleftherjobtolookafteryouoryourfatherworkedextrahourstoensurethatyouhavebetterchancesinlifethanhehad.Sincethedayyouwereborn,mostoftheirdecisionswerebasedonyou.38Calmthemdownwhentheyareangry.39Evenifyoufeeltense,trytorestrainyourselfandavoidsayingbadwords.Withage,yourparentsmaybecomecapricious(反复无常的).Don'tpayattentiontowhattheyaresayingiftheyareonlyspeakingoutofanger.Ifyoudisagreewiththem,don'tberudetothem.Youmightnotagreewithmanyofyourparents'opinions,andyoumightberight.40Youcanstillhearthemoutandthenmakeyourowndecisions.Goodcommunicationcanbridgethegenerationgapbetweenyouandyourparents.A.Respectandbegratefultoyourparents.B.Therefore,it'stimeforyoutoreturnthefavour,C.Developapositiveattitudetowardsyourparents.D.Theydoalloftheseinthehopeofagoodlifefortheirchild.E.Butyoushouldstillasktheiropinionsbeforemakingadecision.F.However,youdon'thavetomakeapointbyloudlydisagreeingwiththem.G.Betolerantofyourparentswhentheyareinabadmoodandtrynottoupsetthem.第三部分语言知识运用(共两节,满分45分)第一节(共20小题;每小题1.5分,满分30分)阅读下面短文,从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中,选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。In1997,BenLyons,a5thgraderofOakRidgeSchoolinSandwich,Massachusetts,sentamessageinabottleoutatsea.Hedidsoaspartofa41projectaboutoceancurrents.Inhisletter,Ben42somequestionsforwhoevermight43hisbottle.QuestionsfromBen44:Wheredidyoufindthebottle?Whataretheconditionsofthebottle?“Ifyoucould,please_45thequestionsandreturntoBen,”the5thgrader46onapieceofpaper.“Thankyou.BenLyonsfromOakRidgeSchoolinSandwich,Massachusetts.’Overthecourseofdecades,Ben's47traveled3,300milesacrosstheAtlanticOcean.Nowinhis30s,Ben48hasaresponsetohismessagefroma(n)49_fisherman.Ratherthanreplyingwithanother50.，thefishermanchosethesaferandfaster51aletterinthemail.He52ittoBenaccordingtothemessage,leavingtheschoolsecretariespuzzledastheysearchedforthis535thgrader.Finally,theyhadtoopenitto54whytheyweren'tgoingtofindBenatschoolanymore.Intheresponse,theretiredfisherman55thathefoundthebottleonabeachinLesSables-d'Olonne,France.Hewaswalkingaroundcleaningthe56whenhefoundthebottleanditwassealedsotightwithwax(蜡)thathehadareally57timeopeningit.“It's58thatthekidscanstudytheoceansandcurrentsfromthis,"Bensaidafterbeinggiventheletterthroughthe59oftheschoolsecretaries.“Whata60waytoconnectwithsomeonefromtheothersideoftheworld!”！41.A.society B.history C.science D.finance 42.A.revised B.posed C.answered D.collected 43.A.comeacross B.gothrough C.comeup D.goabout 44.A.organized B.centred C.included D.reported 45.A.fillout B.takein C.makeup D.getthrough 46.A.painted B.whispered C.spoke D.wrote 47.A.possession B.will C.hope D.message 48.A.formally B.finally C.immediately D.curiously 49.A.richB.wiseC.retired D,experienced 50.A,partnerB.styleC.letterD.bottle51.A.routeB.contentC.titleD.topic52.A.recommendedB,brought C.addressed D.applied53.A.intelligentB.mysteriousC.powerfulD.unique54.A.doubtB.commentC.guideD.discover55.A.explainedB,imaginedC.pretended D.remembered 56.A.current B.wax C.beach D.fish 57.A.usual B.good C.rare D.hard 58.A.pitifulB.strangeC.greatD.natural59.A,effort B.lecture C.evidence D.principle 60.A.minor B.fun C.formal D.worthy 第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分,满分15分)阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Fosterhomesplay61crucialroleinprovidingasafeandnurturingenvironmentfor62(pet)awaiting