江苏省宿迁市泗阳县2024-2025学年高三上学期期中考试英语试题【含答案解析】

2024-2025学年(上)高三期中质量监测英语(满分150分，考试时间120分钟)注意事项：1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考试号填写在答题卡上。2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其它答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上相应位置。写在本试卷上无效。3.考试结束后，将答题卡交监考老师。第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分)做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.Whatwillthewomandotonight?A.Enjoyaconcert.B.Gotothehospital.C.Lookafterchildren.2.Wheredoesthemansuggestthewomanparkhercar?A.OnCollegeStreet.B.OnJaneRoad.C.OnPetersonRoad.3.Whatisthewomanprobablydoing?A.Growingaplant.B.Cookingdinner.C.Cleaningaroom.4.Whatisthemangoingtodo?A.Retireearly.B.Quithisjob.C.Takeabusinesstrip.5.Whydoesthemanwanttomeetthewoman?A.Toarrangealunch.B.Todiscussareport.C.Tointroduceacustomer.第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的AB、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6.Whatwillthemandonextweek?A.Teachfootball.B.Organizeacamp.C.Lookafteryoungchildren.7.Howmuchmoneywillthemanearnperhourthissummer?A.£6.B.£7.C.£8.听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。8.Wheredothespeakersprobablywork?A.Atamuseum.B.Atashoppingmall.C.Atanamusementpark.9.Whatisthemangoingtodoinhalfanhour?A.Seefireworks.B.Haveabreak.C.Setupsigns.听第8段材料，回答第10至13题。10.Whathasthemanjustbeendoing?A.Sleeping.B.Studying.C.Havinglunch.11.WhenwillthespeakersprobablyleaveforAuntieNicky’s?A.Atabout12:00.B.Atabout1:00.C.Atabout2:00.12.Whatdoesthewomanaskthemantodolast?A.Washtheclothes.B.Cleantheshelves.C.Pickupthelitter.13.Whichroomwillthemanclean?A.Hisbedroom.B.Thebathroom.C.Thelivingroom.听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。14.Whatdoesthemando?A.He’sanactor.B.He’sadesigner.C.He’saphotographer.15.Whatdidthewomandoatthestartofherbusiness?A.Shepublishedabook.B.Shepostedblogsonline.C.Sheappearedinmagazines.16.Whatwereintervieweessurprisedbyabouttheman?A.Hisage.B.Hispersonality.C.Hisexperience.17.Whoworkinproductioninthewoman’scompany?A.Herparents.B.Herbrothers.C.Heruncles.听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。18.Whatlanguagedoesthespeakerlearnafterschool?A.French.B.German.C.Chinese.19.WhatwillthespeakerdoinMay?AJoinaclub.B.Giveapresentation.C.Prepareforatest.20.Howdoesthespeakerfeelaboutcatchingup?A.Confident.B.Awkward.C.Anxious.第二部分阅读(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题：每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AGetinsights,getanswers,getahead.Connectdirectlywithtopuniversitiesatourfreein-personmaster’sevents.Fromfairstoworkshops,networkingsessionstoseminars—getthestrongeststarttoyourpostgraduatejourney.Joinus—theQSMaster’sFairinManila,PhilippinesonNov.16—foranexceptionalopportunitytoattendtwofascinatingeventscateringtoyourinterests:PersonalizedMeetingsandaGraduateFairtohelpyoumakeinformeddecisionsandachieveyouracademicgoals!12:00—14:30:QSConnectMaster’smeetingsFirstly,experiencepersonalizedmeetingswherewematchyourprofilewiththeidealuniversity,enablingexclusiveone-on-oneorsmallgroupinteractionswithuniversityrepresentatives.SubmityourEnglishresumeduringtheapplicationprocesstoreceivetailoreduniversityrecommendations.15:00—17:30:QSDiscoverMaster’sFairFollowingthis,immerseyourselfinthedynamicgraduatefair,featuringseminars,panels,andthechancetoengagewithnumerousuniversities.Getallyourquestionsansweredaboutcourses,applicationprocesses,visas,scholarships,andmore!WHYJOIN?●MeetrepresentativesfromtheUS,Canada,UK,Europe,Asiaandmanymore.●Networkwithfellowstudentsandalumni(校友)fromleadinguniversities.●Connectwithexpertcounsellorsfortestprepadmissionservices.●ApplytoQSImpACTscholarshipsworth$45Kintotal.●Attendexpert-ledseminarsandQ&Aonhighereducation.●GetafreeprofessionalCVassessmentbycareercoachHazelJoySabando.●CoffeeBeane-voucher(代金券)worth₱‌500forthe20luckycandidates.Discoverworld-leadingMaster’sprograms,personalizedmeetings,andagraduatefairthatpromisesacademicsuccess!1.WhatisthemainpurposeoftheQSMaster’sFairinManila?A.Toraisefundsforeducationalscholarships.B.Todevelopthegraduates’academicinterest.C.Tohostaculturaleventexhibitinggraduateprograms.D.Toconnectgraduateswithtopuniversitiesforfurtherstudy.2.Duringwhichtimeperiodcanattendeessubmittheirresume?A.11:00—12:00. B.13:00—14:00. C.14:30—15:30. D.16:30—17:30.3.What’sthebenefitofattendingtheFair?A.EnsuingscholarshipsthroughQSImpACT.B.Participatinginaseminarledbyexpertalumni.C.Receivingcoffeebeandiscountticketsworth₱500.D.ObtainingaprofessionalCVevaluationfromcareercoach.【答案】1.D2.B3.D【解析】【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了在菲律宾马尼拉举行的QS硕士博览会，主要包括活动目的、安排和参加理由等信息。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段中“Connectdirectlywithtopuniversitiesatourfreein-personmaster’sevents.Fromfairstoworkshops,networkingsessionstoseminars—getthestrongeststarttoyourpostgraduatejourney.(在我们的免费现场硕士活动中直接与顶尖大学联系。从展览会到研讨会，从网络会议到研讨会，为你的研究生之旅提供最强大的开端)”可知，活动的主要目的是帮助毕业生与顶尖大学建立联系，以便进一步深造。故选D项。2题详解】细节理解题。根据12:00—14:30中所给信息“SubmityourEnglishresumeduringtheapplicationprocesstoreceivetailoreduniversityrecommendations.(在申请过程中提交你的英文简历，以获得量身定制的大学推荐)”可知，在13点至14点，与会者可以提交简历。故选B项。【3题详解】细节理解题。根据WHYJOIN所列倒数第二点“GetafreeprofessionalCVassessmentbycareercoachHazelJoySabando.(获得由职业辅导教师HazelJoySabando提供的免费专业简历评估)”可知，参加活动的一个好处是获得职业辅导教师提供的专业简历评估。故选D项。BInhertinyAthensapartment,93-year-oldIoannaMatsoukahasknittedthousandsofbrightlycoloredscarvesforchildreninneedfromGreecetoUkraine,andshehasnoplanstoquitjustyet.“UntilIdie,Iwillbeknitting,”Matsoukasays.Sinceshetookupknittinginthe1990s,Matsoukahaseasilymadeover3,000scarves,herdaughterestimates.Inthehallwaybythedoor,shoppingbagsfilledwithherlatestcreationsawaittheirnewhome.Aknittedblanketisthrownoverthesofawhereshespendsherdays.Initiallydistributedtofriends,thescarveswerelatercontributedtochildren’ssheltersacrossGreeceasthestockexpanded.Then,throughacquaintances,theyreachedchildreninBosniaandUkraine.Thelatestbatchof70wenttoarefugeecampnearAthensthiswinterviatheUNrefugeeagency.Herdaughter,Angeliki,narratesdrawingsandmailshermotherhasreceivedovertheyears:“Thankyou,bewell,keepgoing.Yougavejoytochildren,yougavejoytopeople.”That’sheronlyreward:aletter,afewwords.Matsoukaknitsonescarfaday,nowwithsmallimperfections.Hervisionisimpairedandshesuffersfromseverefacialpain,aconditionknownastrigeminalneuralgia(三叉神经痛).Angelikisayshermotherisanexampleofresilienceandoptimism.Matsoukawakesupeverymorning,drinksaglassofmilk,putsonherpearlearringsandgetstowork.Shetakesabreakforlunchandanap,andthenpainstakinglyknitsintothenight.Shemayhaveevenfoundthesecrettoalonglifeinit,shesays.“It’sthehappinessIgetfromgiving,”shesays,sittingbesideabigbluebagbrimmingwithyarn(纱线).“UntilIdie,Iwillbeknitting,”Matsoukasays.Herknittingneedlesclickthroughherexpertfingers,hernailspaintedred.“Itbringsmejoytosharethem.”4.Whatdidthescarvesbeginas?A.Presentstoacquaintances. B.Initiativesforfundraising.C.Donationtoarefugeecamp. D.Stockforchildren’sshelters.5.WhatcanbeinferredaboutMatsoukafromparagraph4?A.Sheyieldstoherseverelyimpairedvision.B.Shewakesupeverymorningduetofacialpain.C.Shecontinuesknittingdespiteherhealthchallenges.D.Sheisonlyrewardedwithdrawingsfromherdaughter.6.WhichofthefollowingwordsfailtodescribeMatsouka?A.Resilientandreserved. B.Optimisticandgenerous.C.Perseveringandpassionate. D.Responsibleandsympathetic.7.Whatmessagedoesthearticlemainlyconvey?A.Theeyeisbiggerthanthebelly. B.Givingisbetterthanaccepting.C.Anearlybirdcatchestheworm. D.Arollingstonegathersnomoss.【答案】4.A5.C6.A7.B【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了93岁的希腊老奶奶伊奥安娜•马苏卡的故事，她编织了数千条色彩鲜艳的围巾，捐赠给了希腊、波斯尼亚和乌克兰等地需要帮助的儿童。【4题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Initiallydistributedtofriends,thescarveswerelatercontributedtochildren’ssheltersacrossGreeceasthestockexpanded.(这些围巾最初分发给朋友，后来随着库存的增加，它们被捐赠给了希腊各地的儿童收容所。)”可知，这些毛巾最初分发给朋友，也就是她熟悉的人。故选A项。【5题详解】推理判断题。根据第四段中的“Hervisionisimpairedandshesuffersfromseverefacialpain,aconditionknownastrigeminalneuralgia(三叉神经痛).(她的视力受损，并且患有严重的面部疼痛，这种情况被称为三叉神经痛。)”可知，Matsouka的身体出现了状况，结合下文的“Matsoukawakesupeverymorning,drinksaglassofmilk,putsonherpearlearringsandgetstowork.Shetakesabreakforlunchandanap,andthenpainstakinglyknitsintothenight.(Matsouka每天早上醒来，喝一杯牛奶，戴上珍珠耳环，然后去工作。她休息了一下，吃了午饭，打了个盹，然后辛辛苦苦地编织到深夜。)”可知，在Matsouka身体状况的情况下，她仍每天坚持编织到深夜，由此可知，她不顾健康问题继续编织。故选C项。【6题详解】推理判断题。根据第四段中的“Hervisionisimpairedandshesuffersfromseverefacialpain,aconditionknownastrigeminalneuralgia(三叉神经痛).(她的视力受损，并且患有严重的面部疼痛，这种情况被称为三叉神经痛。)”可知，Matsouka的身体出现了状况，结合下文的“Matsoukawakesupeverymorning,drinksaglassofmilk,putsonherpearlearringsandgetstowork.Shetakesabreakforlunchandanap,andthenpainstakinglyknitsintothenight.(Matsouka每天早上醒来，喝一杯牛奶，戴上珍珠耳环，然后去工作。她休息了一下，吃了午饭，打了个盹，然后辛辛苦苦地编织到深夜。)”可知，在Matsouka身体状况的情况下，她仍每天坚持编织到深夜，由此可知，她不顾病痛坚持编织送人，说明她很慷慨乐观；根据首段中的“Sinceshetookupknittinginthe1990s,Matsoukahaseasilymadeover3,000scarves,herdaughterestimates.(Matsouka的女儿估计，自上世纪90年代开始编织以来，她已经轻松制作了3000多条围巾。)”可知，她从上个世纪以来就开始编制，到现在还在坚持，由此可知，她是坚持不懈充满热情；结合第一段中的“InhertinyAthensapartment,93-year-oldIoannaMatsoukahasknittedthousandsofbrightlycoloredscarvesforchildreninneedfromGreecetoUkraine,andshehasnoplanstoquitjustyet.(在她位于雅典的小公寓里，93岁的约安娜·马苏卡（IoannaMatsouka）为从希腊到乌克兰需要帮助的孩子们编织了数千条色彩鲜艳的围巾，她还没有放弃的打算。)”可知，她把编织的围巾送给血药帮助的孩子，由此可知，她富有同情心和责任心；结合第四段中的“Angelikisayshermotherisanexampleofresilienceandoptimism.(安吉利基说，她的母亲是坚韧和乐观的典范。)”可知，在她女儿眼中，她是坚韧和乐观的，综合以上信息，文中提到了IoannaMatsouka是慷慨、乐观、有毅力、富有同情心和责任感的人，但是没有提到她是“矜持的”。故选A项。【7题详解】推理判断题。根据尾段中的“Shemayhaveevenfoundthesecrettoalonglifeinit,shesays.“It’sthehappinessIgetfromgiving,”shesays,sittingbesideabigbluebagbrimmingwithyarn(纱线).(她说，她甚至可能在里面找到了长寿的秘诀。“这是我从给予中得到的快乐，”她坐在一个装满纱线的蓝色大袋子旁边说。)”可知，IoannaMatsouka认为，给予给她带来了快乐，结合下文的“Itbringsmejoytosharethem.(分享它们给我带来了快乐。)”可知，分享她的织物给她带了快乐，由此可知，本文主要传达的是“给予比接受更好”的信息。故选B项。CIfautonomouscarsaresupposedtomakelifeeasy,thenApolloGo,therobotaxiunitofBaidu,aChinesetechgiant,stillhasworktodo.WhenthejournalisttesteditsserviceinthecityofWuhan,hehadtofindhiswaytoanappointedpick-uplocationandendhisjourneyatanappointeddrop-offspot,whichismoreliketakingabusthanataxi.YetApolloGo,whichwaslaunchedinWuhanin2022andhassinceexpandedtotenotherChinesecities,hasbeenahit.ThereasonwhyApolloGohasgainedsuchfavorwithridersisthatitisastonishinglycheap.Thejournalist’s11-minuteroutecostsjust9.84yuan($1.35).SuchfaresarepossiblethankstothegenerosityofBaidu,whichiscoveringaround60%ofthecostofaride.Thatisnotsustainable.Driversamounttoabouthalfofthetotalcostforaconventionalride-hailing(叫车)service.Butavarietyofotherexpensesassociatedwithautonomousvehicles—frommaintenanceandcleaningtosensorsand,mostimportantly,thesoftwareonwhichtheyrun—havesofarpreventedthembeingacheapersubstitute.Baiduseesthatchanging.InMayituncovereditssixth-generationvehicle,whichcostslessthanhalfthepreviousmodel,andplanstoupgradetherobotaxisinWuhan.OnegroupthatisnotthrilledbyBaidu’ssuccessisWuhan’staxidrivers.Whenaskedwhethertheirjobswillbeaffected,oneinsiststhatit“isalreadyhappening”.AnotherdriversaysheadmiresBaidu’stechnologicaladvancesbutworrieshisjobwillbe“stolen”.About10millionpeopleareemployedascabbiesinChina,ofwhomabout7millionworkforride-hailingfirmsafterlosingtheirjobsinanotherindustry.Elsewhere,effortstodeveloprobotaxishavesuspended.Tesla,America’selectric-vehiclegiant,saiditwouldpostponethelaunchofitsrobotaxisfromAugusttoOctober.Chinaiseagerlyseekingtogainanedgeinemergingindustries.Inthefuture,withthecontinuousadvancementoftechnologyandtheongoingdecreaseincosts,autonomoustaxisareexpectedtobecomemorepopularinmorecities.8.WhatisthemainproblemApolloGofacesinparagraph1?A.Difficultyinbookingaride.BInflexibilityinthetravelroutes.C.Delayinthearrivalofautonomouscars.D.Lackofappointedpick-upanddrop-offpoints.9.WhatcontributesmosttoApolloGo’ssuccess?A.Lowfares. B.Cityexpansion.C.Safetymeasures. D.Advancedtechnology.10.WhatisWuhan’staxidrivers’attitudetowardsApolloGo?A.Appreciative. B.Ambiguous. C.Negative. D.Skeptical.11.Whichofthefollowingmightbethesuitabletitle?A.China’srobotaxisareracingaheadB.BaiduhasleftWesterncarmakersinthedustC.Robotaxiisgraduallystealingtaxidrivers’jobsD.Unemploymentrateisincreasingamongtaxidrivers【答案】8.B9.A10.C11.A【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了百度旗下的无人驾驶出租车ApolloGo因价格低廉在中国受到欢迎，也指出它面临行车路线不灵活、运营成本高等问题，而且其发展引发了公众对就业影响的担忧，不过中国正努力在新兴产业中获得优势，无人驾驶出租车在未来有望得到普及。【8题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段中“WhenthejournalisttesteditsserviceinthecityofWuhan,hehadtofindhiswaytoanappointedpick-uplocationandendhisjourneyatanappointeddrop-offspot,whichismoreliketakingabusthanataxi.(当记者在武汉测试其服务时，他必须找到指定的上车地点，并在指定的下车地点结束旅程，这更像是乘坐公共汽车而不是出租车)”可知，ApolloGo面临的主要问题是行车路线不灵活。故选B项。【9题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段中“ThereasonwhyApolloGohasgainedsuchfavorwithridersisthatitisastonishinglycheap.(ApolloGo之所以受到乘客的青睐，是因为它的价格便宜得惊人)”可知，低廉的票价是ApolloGo成功的主要原因。故选A项。【10题详解】推理判断题。根据第四段中“OnegroupthatisnotthrilledbyBaidu’ssuccessisWuhan’staxidrivers.Whenaskedwhethertheirjobswillbeaffected,oneinsiststhatit“isalreadyhappening”.AnotherdriversaysheadmiresBaidu’stechnologicaladvancesbutworrieshisjobwillbe“stolen”.(武汉的出租车司机对百度的成功并不感到兴奋。当被问及他们的工作是否会受到影响时，一个人坚持认为“已经发生了”。另一名司机表示，他钦佩百度的技术进步，但担心他的工作将被“抢走”)”可知，武汉的出租车司机有的认为自己的工作受到了ApolloGo的影响，有的担心会因此失去工作。由此推知，他们对此持否定态度。A.Appreciative感激的；B.Ambiguous模棱两可的；C.Negative否定的；D.Skeptical怀疑的。故选C项。【11题详解】主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是最后一段中“Chinaiseagerlyseekingtogainanedgeinemergingindustries.Inthefuture,withthecontinuousadvancementoftechnologyandtheongoingdecreaseincosts,autonomoustaxisareexpectedtobecomemorepopularinmorecities.(中国正急切地寻求在新兴产业中获得优势。未来，随着技术的不断进步和成本的不断降低，自动驾驶出租车有望在更多的城市得到普及)”可知，文章主要讨论了百度旗下的无人驾驶出租车ApolloGo在中国的发展情况，包括其在多个城市的扩展、受欢迎的原因、面临的挑战以及对传统出租车司机的影响。文章还提到了中国在新兴产业中的积极寻求优势，并展望了未来自动驾驶出租车在更多城市的普及。这些内容都围绕着中国无人驾驶出租车的发展和进步展开。由此可知，A项“中国的无人驾驶出租车正在飞速发展”最契合文章主旨，适合作为文章标题。故选A项。DEarthisabouttogainanew“mini-moon”,butitwon’tstayaroundforlong.Thenewlydiscoveredasteroid(行星)named2024PT5,willtemporarilybecapturedbyEarth’sgravityandorbitourworldfromSeptember29toNovember25,accordingtoastronomers.Then,thespacerockwillreturntoaheliocentricorbit,whichisanorbitaroundthesun.“Theasteroidislikelyabout37feet(11meters)indiameter(直径),butmoreobservationsanddataareneededtoconfirmitssize”,saidleadstudyauthorCarlos.Thespacerockcouldbeanywherebetween16and138feetindiameter,potentiallylargerthantheasteroidthatenteredEarth’satmosphereoverChelyabinsk,Russia,in2013.About55to65feetinsize,theChelyabinskasteroidexplodedintheair,releasing20to30timesmoreenergythanthatoftheatomicbombdroppedonHiroshima,Japan,andgeneratingbrightnessgreaterthanthesun.Butasamini-moon,Asteroid2024PT5isn’tinanydangerofcollidingwithEarthnoworoverthenextfewdecades.Thespacerockwillorbitabout2.6millionmilesaway,orabout10timesthedistancebetweenEarthandthemoon.“WhetheranasteroidgetscapturedbyEarthisindependentofitssizeormass,itonlydependsonitsspeedandtrajectory(轨迹)asitapproachestheEarth-Moonsystem,”saidRobert,aspecialistonsolarsystembodies.“Atanygiventime,thereisapproximatelyonemini-moonintheEarth-Moonsystem,roughlythesizeofadishwasher,buttheyaresodifficulttodetectandmostofthemgoundiscoveredduringthetimewhentheyremainboundtoEarth.”Mini-moonscanalsobeasteroidsthatcomefromthemainasteroidbeltlocatedbetweenMarsandJupiter,ortheymaybepiecesofthelunarsurfacelaunchedbyasteroidimpactsmillionsofyearsago.Carlosandhiscolleaguesplantoobserve2024PT5tocollectmoredataanddetails.“Determiningwheretheycomefromcouldhelpusunderstandtheprocessofcrater(坑)formationandhowmaterialisforcedoutfromtheMoon’ssurface,”hesaid.12.Whatcanwelearnfrom2024PT5?A.Theasteroidwillbecapturedbygravityforlong.B.Theasteroid’saccuratesizehasyettobeconfirmed.C.2024PT5hasenteredEarth’satmosphereoverRussia.D.2024PT5willstayaroundtheEarthforabout3months.13.Whydoes2024PT5causenoharmtotheEarth?A.ItlackstheenergytodestroytheEarth.B.Itisactivelymonitoredbythespecialists.C.ItissmallerthantheChelyabinskasteroid.D.ItstrajectoryavoidscollidingwiththeEarth.14.WhichstatementdoesRobertagreewith?A.Manymini-moonsalwaysexistintheEarth-Moonsystem.B.Mini-moonsaredetectableduetotheirdishwashersize.C.Detectionofmini-moonsboundtoEarthischallenging.D.Captureofanasteroidenjoysindependenceofspeed.15.WhydoesCarlosplantoobserve2024PT5?A.Tocollectpiecesofthelunarsurface.B.Toobservemini-moonsintheasteroidbelt.C.Toperceivetheprocessofcraterformation.D.TounderstandasteroidimpactsonMoon’ssurface.【答案】12.B13.D14.C15.C【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了地球将暂时捕获一颗名为2024PT5的小行星，其直径可能约为37英尺，预计在9月29日至11月25日期间绕地球运行，之后将返回太阳轨道，没有与地球相撞的可能性。【12题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段中Carlos所说的话“Theasteroidislikelyabout37feet(11meters)indiameter(直径),butmoreobservationsanddataareneededtoconfirmitssize(这颗小行星的直径可能约为37英尺，即11米，但需要更多的观测和数据来确认它的大小)”可知，这颗小行星的确切大小还有待确认。故选B项。【13题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段“Butasamini-moon,Asteroid2024PT5isn’tinanydangerofcollidingwithEarthnoworoverthenextfewdecades.Thespacerockwillorbitabout2.6millionmilesaway,orabout10timesthedistancebetweenEarthandthemoon.(但作为一颗迷你卫星，小行星2024PT5现在或未来几十年都不会有与地球相撞的危险。这块太空岩石将在260万英里外的轨道上运行，大约是地球和月球之间距离的10倍)”可知，2024PT5之所以不会对地球造成伤害，是因为它的轨道避免了与地球相撞。故选D项。【14题详解】推理判断题。根据第四段中Robert所说的话“Atanygiventime,thereisapproximatelyonemini-moonintheEarth-Moonsystem,roughlythesizeofadishwasher,buttheyaresodifficulttodetectandmostofthemgoundiscoveredduringthetimewhentheyremainboundtoEarth.(在任何给定的时间，地月系统中大约有一个小卫星，大约有洗碗机那么大，但它们很难被探测到，而且它们中的大多数在它们与地球绑定的时候都没有被发现)”可知，Robert指出地月系统中的小卫星体积小，很难被探测到，大多数都没有被发现。由此可知，他的观点是探测与地球绑定的小卫星是具有挑战性的。故选C项。【15题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段中Carlos所说的话“Determiningwheretheycomefromcouldhelpusunderstandtheprocessofcrater(坑)formationandhowmaterialisforcedoutfromtheMoon’ssurface(确定它们的来源可以帮助我们了解陨石坑形成的过程，以及物质是如何从月球表面被强力脱离出来的)”可知，Carlos计划观察2024PT5是为了了解陨石坑形成的过程。故选C项。第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Evernoticethatyoufeelhappierwhenyou’rebaking?____16____Thescentofvanilla(香草)incookiesmayhelpyourelaxandmaycontributetoyourimprovedbehaviour.Youalsomightfindthesamemood-liftingeffectwhenhavingyourmorninggrapefruit.____17____There’sareasonwhywesuggestpeoplestopandsmelltheroses:Thesmellofrosesisuplifting,andwhenwesmellthem,ourbodyhasapositivephysiologicalandpsychologicalresponsetotheirfragrance.StudiesconductedatRutgersUniversityfoundthatwhenwesmellfloralscents,suchasrosesorlavender(薫衣草),itmakesushappy.Infact,peoplewhosmellfloralscentsreportthreetimesasmanyhappythoughtsasbeforesmellingflowers.____18____Becauseitmaybestimulatingthebraininasimilarwaytohowaprescribeddrugwould.Fragrancehasbeenusedforcenturiesasawaytotreatthebodyandmind.____19____Whenyoubreatheinthesefragrances,whetherit’syourfavoriteperfumeoil,ascentedcandleoreventheroseitself,you’retriggeringachainofeventsinthebodythatbeginswiththesmellorgansinyournose.____20____Thebody’slimbicsystem,thepartofthebrainthatmanagesouremotionsandmemories,isstimulated.Thebraintriggersaphysiologicalresponse,suchasachangeinserotoninornorepinephrinelevels,tomanageourmoods.A.It’snotjustthefragranceoffood,though.B.Ordoyouhavethesimilarexperiencewhenworkingout?C.Andthescentoflavender,forexample,maymakeyoufeelcalmer.D.Fragrancesareoftencategorizedasfloral,fresh,woodyororiental.E.Thechemicalsinthescententeryourlungsandmoveontoyourblood.F.Ithasahealingimpactoneverythingfromyourbackpaintoyourmood.G.Who,amongus,doesn’tfeelourmoodliftwhencookiesarenearournose?【答案】16.G17.A18.C19.F20.E【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了香味对情绪的积极影响，并解释了其背后的生理机制。【16题详解】前文“Evernoticethatyoufeelhappierwhenyou’rebaking?(有没有注意到你在烘焙的时候感觉更快乐)”提到在烘焙时人会感觉更快乐，因此G项“Who,amongus,doesn’tfeelourmoodliftwhencookiesarenearournose?(当饼干靠近我们鼻子的时候，我们谁不会感觉情绪变好呢)”符合语境，通过具体的饼干的香味来进一步说明香味对情绪的影响，承接前文。故选G。【17题详解】前一段结尾“Thescentofvanilla(香草)incookiesmayhelpyourelaxandmaycontributetoyourimprovedbehaviour.Youalsomightfindthesamemood-liftingeffectwhenhavingyourmorninggrapefruit.(饼干中的香草味可以帮助你放松，并有助于改善你的行为。早上吃葡萄柚也会有同样的振奋情绪的效果)”提到饼干、葡萄柚等食物的香味对情绪的影响，后文“There’sareasonwhywesuggestpeoplestopandsmelltheroses(我们建议人们停下来闻闻玫瑰花香是有原因)”提到了玫瑰的香味，因此A项“It’snotjustthefragranceoffood,though.(不过，不只是食物的香味)”符合语境，将话题从食物香味过渡到其他香味，承前启后。故选A。【18题详解】前文“StudiesconductedatRutgersUniversityfoundthatwhenwesmellfloralscents,suchasrosesorlavender(薫衣草),itmakesushappy.Infact,peoplewhosmellfloralscentsreportthreetimesasmanyhappythoughtsasbeforesmellingflowers.(罗格斯大学的研究发现，当我们闻到玫瑰或薰衣草等花香时，会让我们感到快乐。事实上，闻过花香的人报告的快乐想法是没闻花香的人的三倍)”提到闻玫瑰、薰衣草等花香会让我们快乐，后文“Becauseitmaybestimulatingthebraininasimilarwaytohowaprescribeddrugwould.(因为它可能以一种与处方药相似的方式刺激大脑)”提到某种香味对大脑有刺激作用，因此C项“Andthescentoflavender,forexample,maymakeyoufeelcalmer.(例如，薰衣草的香味可能会让你感觉更平静)”符合语境，是对花香影响情绪的具体举例，支撑前文，后文是对其解释说明，其中的thescentoflavender是后文it指代的对象。故选C。【19题详解】前文“Fragrancehasbeenusedforcenturiesasawaytotreatthebodyandmind.(几个世纪以来，芳香一直是一种治疗身心的方式)”提到芳香有治疗身心的疗效，因此F项“Ithasahealingimpactoneverythingfromyourbackpaintoyourmood.(它对从背痛到情绪的所有方面都有治愈作用)”符合语境，进一步阐述了芳香在治疗身心方面的作用，是对前文的具体解释说明，其中的It指代前文的Fragrance。故选F。【20题详解】前文“Whenyoubreatheinthesefragrances,whetherit’syourfavoriteperfumeoil,ascentedcandleoreventheroseitself,you’retriggeringachainofeventsinthebodythatbeginswiththesmellorgansinyournose.(当你吸入这些香味时，无论是你最喜欢的香精油，香味蜡烛，甚至是玫瑰本身，你都在触发身体的一系列事件，从鼻子的嗅觉器官开始)”提到闻到香味会在身体里触发一系列事件，后文“Thebody’slimbicsystem,thepartofthebrainthatmanagesouremotionsandmemories,isstimulated.Thebraintriggersaphysiologicalresponse,suchasachangeinserotoninornorepinephrinelevels,tomanageourmoods.(身体的边缘系统，即大脑中管理我们情绪和记忆的部分，会受到刺激。大脑会触发一种生理反应，比如血清素或去甲肾上腺素水平的变化，来管理我们的情绪)”介绍大脑受到香味刺激后的活动，因此E项“Thechemicalsinthescententeryourlungsandmoveontoyourblood.(香味中的化学物质进入肺部然后进入血液)”符合语境，介绍香味中的化学物质在体内的传播，承接前文一系列事件的起始，引出后文的大脑活动。故选E。第三部分语言运用(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Ataround11p.m.lastJuly26,anemergencymessageontheFacebookpagecaughtClemens’eye:atinyblackpuppywas____21____hurryingacrossaroadintheneighborhoodwhereshelives.Afterwards,sobswereheardfrominsideanearbydrain(排水管),____22____itwaslikelythatapuppywas____23____downthere.Clemens____24____outofbedandrushedtothescene.Oncethere,shehearddesperatehowlsandwhimpersfromunderground____25____throughthedrain.Shegrabbedherson’stoyflashlightandpulledametalfenceoffthedrain.“Iwasn’tverywell____26____,”Clemenssaid.“Iwasnotexpectingtogointothedrain.”Butnobodyelsewasaround,andthepuppywastrappedinthere.“Somebody’sgottodoit.”ThiswasnotClemens’sfirst____27____intoadrain.Overthepastnineyears,sheestimatedshehadsavedatleast100creatures____28____danger.Afterloweringherselfroughly7feetdownthedrain,Clemens____29____throughabout10feettunnelbeforereachinganareawhereshecouldcrouch(蹲下)andsearch.Around____30____,stafffromthelocalSocietyforthePreventionofCrueltytoAnimals(SPCA)arrivedandjoinedClemens.Theyworkeduntil3a.m.tryingto____31____downthedog.“Wesearchedendtoend,sidetoside,”Clemenssays.Althoughventuringdownadrainwas____32____,Clemenssaid,“thethoughtof____33____atorturedanimalissomethingIcouldnevertolerate.”Afterseveralhoursofsearching,theyfinallyfoundthetinyblackpup.Clemens’perseverancedidn’tsurpriseFaust,whorunsanotheranimalrescuenonprofit,HoustonPetSet.“Onceshebecomes____34____onarescuesituation,sheisunstoppable,”saidFaust.“Sheisreallya____35____.”21.A.spotted B.arrested C.seized D.alerted22.A.yet B.so C.or D.but23.A.sacrificed B.sawn C.saved D.stuck24.A.leapt B.stormed C.dropped D.spun25.A.coughing B.buzzing C.echoing D.chanting26.A.received B.equipped C.informed D.educated27.A.entry B.enquiry C.probe D.insight28.A.bathedin B.concernedwith C.exposedto D.targetedat29.A.glided B.crawled C.cracked D.ferried30.A.dawn B.midday C.dusk D.midnight31.A.lay B.settle C.track D.break32.A.fascinating B.thriving C.amazing D.terrifying33.A.conquering B.boasting C.abandoning D.distracting34.A.focused B.counted C.based D.grounded35.A.mate B.bee C.success D.crystal【答案】21.A22.B23.