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翻译二级笔译综合能力模拟1ⅠVocabularyandGrammarThissectionconsistsof3parts.Readthedirectionsforeachpar(江南博哥)tbeforeansweringthequestions.Thetimeforthissectionis25minutes.Part1VocabularySelectionInthispart,thereare20incompletesentences.

Beloweachsentence,thereare4choicesrespectivelymarkedbylettersA,B,CandD.

Choosethewordorphrasewhichbestcompleteseachsentence.ThereisonlyONErightanswer.BlackenthecorrespondingletterasrequiredonyourMachine-scoringANSWERSHEET.1.

Intheinformalmeetingtheexporterlearnedthattheimporterwasinterestedpurchaseratherthanprepackedsetsof12.A.inbulkB.inessenceC.atrandomD.atease正确答案:A[解析]固定搭配

beinterestedin对……有兴趣;inbulk散装,大批;在此theimporterwasinterestedinbulk

purchaseratherthanprepackedsetsof12表示:进口商对购买散装的产品而不是对购买包装为12支一套的产品感兴趣;因此答案为A。

2.

Withthedevelopmentofindustry,theproblemofpollutionwas______fromtheverybeginning,butnoonecaredaboutituntilthelate1800s.A.solvedB.absentC.presentD.lacking正确答案:C[解析]结构识别

此处考生需鉴别此句是系表结构、被动语态还是过去进行时的用法;此句意为:随着工业的发展,污染的问题从一开始就显现了;但是直到19世纪末才有人开始关注它。因此答案为C。

3.

Theysaidthattheyhadmadeuptheirmindsto______thetaskinspiteoftheextremelydifficultconditions.A.carry

offB.carry

onC.carry

outD.carry

forward正确答案:B[解析]习语辨析

A.carryoff夺去……的生命,获得,成功对付;B.carryon继续开展,坚持,举止朱常;C.carryout完成,实现,贯彻,执行;D.carryforward发扬,结转;此句意为:他们说尽管处境异常艰难,但他们决定将这项任务继续开展下去。因此答案为B。

4.

Ascountries______toincreaseyieldsonexistingcroplandsthroughintensifieduseofwater,energy,andfertilizers,thecostofcommoditieswillrise.A.encounterB.enchantC.enlargeD.endeavor正确答案:D[解析]形近识别

A.encounter遭遇,遇到,相遇;B.enchant施魔法,使迷惑;C.enlarge扩大,放大;D.endeavor尽力,努力;此句意为:由于各个国家都努力在现有农田上通过强化用水、能源及化肥来增加产量,因此商品的价格将会上升。因此答案为D。

5.

I,______,donotbelievethattheeraofthepioneerisatanend;Ionlybelievethattheareaforpioneeringhaschanged.A.forone'spartB.forone'sgoodC.foroneD.foroneself正确答案:C[解析]固定搭配

A.forone'spart对某人来说;C.forone作为其中一个,举例来说;D.foroneself独自地,靠自己的力量;此句意为:拿我来说,我就不相信开拓的时代已经结束,我只认为开拓的区域有了变化。因此答案为C。

6.

______hadIopenedthecagethanoutflewthelovelybird.A.NosoonerB.HardlyC.ScarcelyD.Assoonas正确答案:A[解析]固定搭配

nosooner...than是表示时间状语从句的连接词,表“一……就……”,将之放在句首时,主谓要倒装;因此答案为A。

7.

Afterthe______exercisesofprayerandsong,thespeakerofthedaygaveanaddress.A.prejudicedB.previousC.prematureD.preliminary正确答案:D[解析]形近识别

A.prejudiced怀偏见的;B.previous在前的,早先的;C.premature未成熟的,早熟的,太早的;D.preliminary预备的,初步的;此句意为:在举行了祈祷和歌唱的开始仪式之后,当天的演讲人开始致辞。因此答案为D。

8.

Ababymightshowfearofanunfamiliaradult,______heislikelytosmileandreachouttoanotherinfant.A.ifB.sothatC.whereasD.whenever正确答案:C[解析]结构识别

这几个词都是连词。if(表条件)如果,(表假设)要是,是否,即使;sothat(表结果)所以,因此;whereas(表对比,对立)然而,却,反之(相当于while);whenever无论何时(引导让步状语从句)。此处应用一个表示对比的连词,所以C为答案。

9.

Havingbeenfoundguilty,themanwasgivenasevere______bythejudge.A.crisisB.sentenceC.crimeD.service正确答案:B[解析]名词辨析

A.crisis危机,决定性时刻;B.sentence句子,判决;C.crime犯罪(行为),罪行;D.service服务,服役,服务性工作;此句意为:因为(被发现)有罪,这个人被法官判了重刑。因此答案为B。

10.

Theprisonerhasbeen______ofmanyprivilegesthataveragecitizensenjoy.A.ensuredB.informedC.convincedD.deprived正确答案:D[解析]动词辨析

A.ensured保证,确保;B.informed通知,告诉,获悉,告知(常跟of/about连用);C.convinced使确信,使信服;D.deprived剥夺,使丧失;此句意为:这个囚犯已被剥夺了一般公民所享有的许多公民权利。所以答案为D。

11.

______isnecessaryforpeopletodevelopstrongbonesandteeth.A.ThatcalciumB.CalciumC.ItiscalciumD.Althoughcalcium正确答案:B[解析]结构识别

专有名词前一般不用冠词,calcium钙;选项C是强调句的句式,但后面需跟that,选项D是让步状语从句的一部分;而划线部分需填一个主语,因此答案为B。

12.

Onlyafterfoodhasbeendried,saltedorcanned______forlaterconsumption.A.thatisshouldbestoredB.shouldbestoredC.shoulditbestoredD.itshouldbestored正确答案:C[解析]结构识别

本句是倒装句结构:“only+状语”或“only+状语从句”放在句首或主句前时,主句的主语、谓语要部分倒装,因此C为答案。

13.

Mrs.Lackeywasawakenedbytheringingofthebedsidephone12hoursafterherhusband'sboathadbeen______.A.wreckedB.collapsedC.decayedD.fired正确答案:A[解析]近义词辨析

A.wrecked(船,飞机的)失事;B.collapsed倒塌,崩溃,瓦解,失败,病倒;C.decayed腐朽,腐烂,衰减,衰退;D.fired点燃,使发光,放枪,解雇;因此答案为A。

14.

SaleswentupinthestoresduringDecember,but______againafterChristmas.A.droppedoffB.droppedoutC.droppedoverD.droppedon正确答案:A[解析]习语辨析

A.droppedoff离开,散去,逐渐减少,死去;B.droppedout不参与,离去,放弃;D.droppedon训斥,惩罚;此句意为:各商店的销售额在十二月份上升,但圣诞节后又下降了。所以答案为A。

15.

Everygoodstoryiscarefully______;theelementsofthestoryreducedtofitwithoneanotherinordertomakeaneffectonthereader.A.emphasizedB.selectedC.plannedD.examined正确答案:C[解析]动词辨析

A.emphasized强调,着重;B.selected选择,挑选;C.planned计划,设计;D.examined检查,调查,考试;此句意为:每一部好小说都是经过认真设计的;为了使之能打动读者,小说中的一些元素(情节)被缩减以使全文一致。因此答案为C。

16.

Underthecoach's______direction,theteamfinishedtheseasonwithtwelvewinsandnoloses.A.adjoiningB.adroitC.enchantingD.instructive正确答案:B[解析]形容词辨析

A.adjoining邻接的,隔壁的;B.adroit熟练的,灵巧的,精明的;C.enchanting迷人的,迷惑的,妩媚的;D.instructive有益的,教育性的;此句意为:在精明能干的教练指导下,这个球队以十二场全胜的成绩结束了这个赛季。因此答案为B。

17.

Weallknewfromthevery______thattheplanwouldfail.Nowyouseeitbecomestrue.A.outbreakB.outcomeC.outflowD.outset正确答案:D[解析]形近识别

A.oubreak(战争的)爆发,(疾病的)发作;B.outcome结果,成果;C.outflow流出,流出物;D.outset开端,开始;此句意为:在一开始,我们就都知道这个计划会失败,现在你知道这是真的了吧。因此答案为D。

18.

Accordingtotheinternationalregulation,theplayingofthenationalanthem______allsportsevents.A.precedesB.redeemsC.pretendsD.repels正确答案:A[解析]动词辨析

A.precedes领先(于),在……之前,先于;B.redeems赎回,挽回,恢复,补偿;C.pretends假装,装扮;D.repels击退,抵制,使厌恶;此句意为:按照国际比赛规则,在所有赛事之前都要奏国歌;所以A为答案。

19.

Inadditiontoculturaldifferences,overseasstudentshavetoovercomelinguistic______assoonaspossible.A.hindranceB.impedimentC.barriersD.hurdles正确答案:C[解析]近义词辨析

A.hindrance妨碍,障碍(作不可数名词时,常用来表示某种使人做某事变得困难的举动),如:Visitorsareallowedtowanderwithouthindrance此处允许游客不受阻碍地漫步;B.impediment妨碍,阻碍,障碍物,(言语)障碍,口吃(常指机体出现问题使得听、说、移动非常困难),如:aspeechimpediment言语障碍;C.barriers(阻碍通道的)障碍物,栅栏,屏障(常指一种规则/准则、问题等阻止人们做某事或限制了人们能做的事),如:Thelanguagebarrier(=theinabilitytocommunicatewithsomeonebecauseyouspeakadifferentlanguage)makesdebateimpossible.语言障碍(由于语言不同无法与某人交流)使得辩论无法进行;D.hurdles篱笆,栏,障碍(常指一种人们必须在成功做成某事之前必须先处理的问题或困难;同义词是obstacle),如:Findingenoughmoneyfortheprojectwasthefirsthurdle.为这个项目筹集到足够的资金是第一个困难;因此答案为C。

20.

The______discoveryofdinosaurs'completegenesshockedtheworldandwasreceivedwithdisbelief.A.successfulB.allegedC.convincingD.malicious正确答案:B[解析]形容词辨析

A.successful成功的;B.alleged声称的,所谓的;C.convincing令人信服的,有力的;D.malicious怀恶意的,恶毒的;此句意为:所谓发现恐龙完整基因的消息令全世界为之震惊,也受到人们的怀疑。因此答案为B。

Part2VocabularyReplacementThispartconsistsof15sentence;ineachsentenceonewordorphraseisunderlined.Beloweachsentence,thereare4choicesrespectivelymarkedbylettersA,B,CandD.Choosethewordorphrasethatcanreplacetheunderlinedpartwithoutcausinganygrammaticalerrororchangingthebasicmeaningofthesentence.ThereisonlyONErightanswer.BlackenthecorrespondingletterasrequiredonyourMachine-scoringANSWERSHEET.1.

Blasts,riotsandprotestdemonstrationsrockednewlyfoundedIraq,threateningtotearthecountryapart.A.staggeredB.distressedC.promptedD.assaulted正确答案:A[解析]动词辨析

A.staggered使摇晃,蹒跚,使动摇,交错;B.distressed.使悲痛,使穷困,使忧伤;C.prompted提示,鼓动,促使;D.assaulted袭击;而rocked在此表示:摇摆,使动摇;所以答案为A。

2.

Thismonumentimagewasdesignedtostirupemotionsofaweandrespect,butcouldscarcelyevokefeelingsofwarmthandaffection.A.regulateB.agitateC.tangleD.teem正确答案:B[解析]动词辨析

A.regulate管制,控制,调节;B4agitate搅动,摇动,煽动;C.tangle处于混乱状态;D.teem大量出现;而stirup表:激起,鼓动,煽动;(此句意为:这个纪念碑的图像设计得能激起人们的敬畏和敬重之情,但几乎无法唤起温暖和热爱之情。)因此答案为B。

3.

Thestudentunion'spresidentwasappalledbythecomplacencyofhisclassmates;notoneoftheseniorsseemedtocareaboutthethemeoftheband.A.complimentB.complementC.commitmentD.contentment正确答案:D[解析]形近词辨析

A.compliment称赞,恭维,致意;B.complement补足物,补语;C.commitment许诺,承担义务,委托事项;D.contentment满意,知己;而complacency表示:安心,满足;因此答案为D。

4.

Theroomwassoclutteredwithbooksandpapersthatitwasdifficulttofindthemissingkey.A.disorganizedB.flatteredC.denouncedD.fixated正确答案:A[解析]词义辨析

A.disorganized紊乱的,无组织的;B.flattered奉承,使满意;C.denounced公开指责,公然抨击,谴责;D.fixated使固定,注视,集中(眼力);而clutter表示:把……弄得杂乱;乱糟糟地堆满;因此答案为A。

5.

JaneMorrisonalwayslostargumentsbecauseshewastootimidtoassertherself.A.stateclearlyB.declarefirmlyC.expressboldlyD.speakpublicly正确答案:C[解析]近义词辨析

A.stateclearly清楚地陈述(state常表示:正式地说/写一条信息/自己的主张;如:RembertagainstatedhisintentiontoresignfromParliament.Rembert再次重申他打算从议会辞职的打算);

B.declarefirmly坚定地宣布(declare常表示:正式且公开地陈述一种特殊的情形存在;如:Astateofemergencyhasbeendeclared.已宣布进入紧急状态);

C.expressboldly大胆地表达(expressoneself常表:说出你所想到或感觉到的;如:Youngchildrenoftenhavedifficultyexpressingthemselves.小孩子常常很难表达自己);

D.speakpublicly公开发言;

而assert表:断言,声称;assertoneself表示:清楚地说出自己的所想且以坚决的方式来表现,如:Womenbegantoassertthemselvespolitically.妇女也开始表达自己的政治主见;所以答案为C。

6.

Thetheorythatpeoplemovearoundinsidethetelevisionisinterestingbutimplausible.A.infeasibleB.unbelievableC.unjustifiableD.improbable正确答案:B[解析]形容词辨析

A.infeasible不可实行的;B.unbelievable难以置信的;C.unjustifiable不可理喻的,无法辩护的,不能分辨的;D.improbable不可能的;而implausible表示:难信的,不像真实的;所以答案为B。

7.

Itishopedthatthethirdpartshouldbeatrulyimpartialobserverofevents.A.impassiveB.geniusC.relatedD.unprejudiced正确答案:D[解析]形容词辨析

A.impassive冷漠的;B.genius天才(人物),天赋;C.related有关系的,讲述的;D.unprejudiced公平的,无偏见的,没有成见的;而impartial表示:公平的,不偏不倚的;因此答案为D。

8.

Deceptivelysimpleindesign,thesculpturalworksofthismonumentincorporateabroadrangeoftextures,sizes,andcontours.A.GenerallyB.ExceptionallyC.MisleadinglyD.Noticeably正确答案:C[解析]副词辨析

A.Generally一般,通常;B.Exceptionally例外地,异常地;C.Misleadingly骗人地,易误解地,令人误解地;D.Noticeably引人注目地,显著地;而deceptively表示:易使人上当地,靠不住地,迷惑地,虚伪地;所以答案为C。

9.

ThepeopleofChinaareworkingveryhardtomakeconcertedeffortstoinvigoratethecountry.A.enjoyableB.persistentC.encouragedD.joint正确答案:D[解析]形容词辨析

A.enjoyable令人愉快的,可享受的;B.persistent持久稳固的;C.encouraged被鼓励的;D.joint共同的,联合的,连带的;而concerted表示:商议定的,协定的,有关的,有牵连的;所以答案为D。

10.

Thesoldiersofpeace-keepingforcearetall,robustand,aboveall,resourceful.A.strongB.cruelC.cleverD.handsome正确答案:A[解析]形容词辨析

A.strong强壮的,坚固的,强烈的;B.cruel残酷的,悲惨的,使痛苦的;C.clever机灵的,聪明的;D.handsome英俊的,大方的;而robust表示:强健的,健全的,坚定的;所以答案为A。

11.

Thefootballerhasbeenbouncingtheballforhoursonend,andappearscapableofmorehours.A.nowandthenB.untiringlyC.withoutinterruptionD.breathlessly正确答案:C[解析]固定搭配

onend表:竖着,连续地;A.nowandthen偶尔;B.untiringly不疲倦地,不屈不挠地;C.withoutinterruption不间断地,继续不断地;D.breathlessly气喘地,屏息地,闷热地;所以答案为C。

12.

Whereveroneworks,asateacher,heorsheshouldbeerudite,patientandhelpful.A.strictB.knowledgeableC.considerateD.serious正确答案:B[解析]形容词辨析

A.strict严格的,严厉的,严谨的(常与with连用);B.knowledgeable知识博的,有见识的;C.considerate考虑周到的;D.serious严肃的,认真的,严重的;而erudite表示:博学的;所以答案为B。

13.

Afterlongtimeofhesitation,thewomangavefreeventtoherpent-upemotion.A.intenseB.writtenC.strongD.confined正确答案:D[解析]形容词辨析

A.intense强烈的,剧烈的,热切的;D.confined被限制的,狭窄的;而pent-up表示:幽闭的,被压抑的;所以答案为D。

14.

Mychiefobjectiontothebookisthatthecharactersarestereotyped.A.lackinginindividualityB.incompleteC.poorlydrawnD.overdone正确答案:A[解析]词义辨析

A.lackinginindividuality缺少个性;B.incomplete不完全的,不完善的;C.poorlydrawn刻画得差劲的;D.overdone过火的,过于夸张的;而stereotyped用铅版印刷的,套用老调的;因此A为答案。

15.

Theboyhastoldpalpableliesabouthisabsenceofclasses.A.wiseB.foolishC.obviousD.touchable正确答案:C[解析]形容词辨析

A.wise英明的,明智的,慎虑的;B.foolish愚蠢的,傻的,鲁莽的;C.obvious明显的,显而易见的;D.touchable可触的,4可食用的;而palpable表示:可触知的,明显的;所以C为答案。

Part3CorrectingGrammaticalErrorsThispartconsistsof15sentences;ineachsentencethereisanunderlinedpartthatindicatesagrammaticalerror.Beloweachsentence,thereare4choicesrespectivelymarkedbylettersA,B,CandD.Choosethewordorphrasethatcanreplacetheunderlinedpartsothattheerroriscorrected.ThereisonlyONErightanswer.BlackenthecorrespondingletterasrequiredonyourMachine-scoringANSWERSHEET.1.

WelearnedthatColumbushasdiscoveredAmericain1492.A.haddiscoveredB.discoversC.discoveredD.wasdiscovering正确答案:C[解析]时态应用

本句是个主从复合句;主句用的是一般过去时,除一些特殊情况(如:客观真理总用一般现在时)外,主从句应遵守时态一致的原则,因此排除选项B;根据句意,哥伦布发现美洲(新大陆)不是当时正在做的工作,因此排除选项D;选项A是过去完成时,选项C是一般过去时,两者均表过去的动作,但一般过去时表示的是相对于现在的过去时间,而过去完成时表示的是相对于过去某一时刻的过去,即过去的过去;从句中有一个表示过去时间的状语,所以C是答案。

2.

Withgoodreasonsheiscalledafool.A.Withgoodreasonsishecalledafool.B.Heiscalledfoolwithagoodreason.C.Withgoodreasonsheiscalledfool.D.Heiscalledfoolwithgoodreasons.正确答案:A[解析]结构应用

本句为了强调withgoodreasons,将之放在句首,须将系动词倒装到主语的前面,使句子平衡;因此A为答案。

3.

Inordertoearnmoneyforhisfamily,itisnecessaryforhimtogetajob.A.itisnecessarytogetajobB.itisnecessarytofindajobC.hemustgetajobD.ajobmustbefound正确答案:C[解析]结构应用

本句要注意主语与状语的逻辑主语保持一致;因状语的逻辑主语是he,所以主语也应为he;C为答案。

4.

Iwanttotalktothepersonbreakingthatcup.A.brokethatcupB.breaksthatcupC.whohadbrokenthatcupD.whobrokethatcup正确答案:D[解析]结构应用

本句需要一个可以代替先行词person且指人的关系代词在句中引导定语从句,因它在定语从句中起主语作用,因此用who,排除选项A、B;因cup已被打破,但这个动作是相对于现在的过去时间,因此要选D,排除B。

5.

Theproject,whichwillbeaccomplishedbytheendof2008,willexpandthecity'stelephonenetworktocoveronemillionusers.A.accomplishedB.beingaccomplishedC.havingbeenaccomplishedD.tobeaccomplished正确答案:D[解析]结构应用

原句中which引导的非限定性定语从句不能和bytheendof2008连用,四个选项中只有动词不定式可表将来,如果不定式动作与谓语动作同时发生,要用一般式;且不定式的逻辑主语在此是不定式所表示动作的承受者,因此要用被动式;因此D为答案。

6.

Icamelatetoclasstoday;thereasonbeingthatthebusbrokedown.A.today,andthereasonbeingthatB.today,forthereasonbeingthatC.todaybecauseD.today;dueto正确答案:C[解析]结构应用

本句意为:我今天上课迟到了,因为公共汽车坏了。应是主句十原因状语从句;但选项A、B、D都不是原因状语从句,因此只有C正确。

7.

Playbeingrecognizedasanimportantfactorimprovingmentalandphysicalhealthandtherebyreducinghumanmiseryandpoverty.A.ByrecognizingplayasB.TheirrecognizingplayasC.RecognitionofitbeingD.Playisrecognizedas正确答案:D[解析]结构应用

本句意为:人们认为游戏是改善人的身体健康和精神健康的重要因素,因此可减轻人们的痛苦和贫困。根据结构判断,原句缺少主、谓语,而四个选项中只有D可起此作用,因此D为答案。

8.

Usingitwisely,leisurepromoteshealth,efficiencyandhappiness.A.IfitisusedwiselyB.HavinguseditwiselyC.BecauseofitswiseuseD.Becauseofusefulness正确答案:A[解析]结构应用

本句意为:合理地利用闲暇,闲暇就能促进健康,提高效率和令人快乐。分词作状语时,其逻辑主语须和谓语动词的主语一致,而选项B的逻辑主语和谓语动词的主语不一致,因此错误;选项C、D均指代不清;因此只有A正确,为答案。

9.

Shewastoldtogivetheawardtowhomsheeverthoughthadcontributedmosttothewelfareofthestudentbody.A.towhomshethoughtB.towhoevershethoughtC.towhomeverD.tohimwhomshethought正确答案:B[解析]结构应用与习惯搭配

givetheawardtosb.是习惯搭配;而此处的sb.虽是介词to的宾语,却是后面从句hadcontributedmosttothewelfareofthestudentbody的主语,所以只有B为答案。

10.

Thecataloguemaybehadforasking.A.whenaskingB.withaskingC.fortheaskingD.withasked正确答案:C[解析]习惯搭配

fortheasking一经索取免费赠送;所以C为答案。

11.

Maryisasfastas,ifnotfasterthan,anyoneinherclassandshouldbeontheteam.A.asfast,ifnotfasterthan,anyoneelseB.asfastas,ifnotmorefastthan,anyoneC.asfastas,ifnotfasterthan,anyoneelseD.asfast,ifnotfasterthan,anyone正确答案:C[解析]结构应用

本题考察的是比较级的使用:同等比较用的是as+形容词/副词的原级+as+比较对象;优等比较是在少于两个音节的形容词/副词后加-er,或用more+形容词/副词的原级+than;注意more不能修饰以-er构成的比较级;因此只有C为答案。

12.

Fifty-threethousandshoutingenthusiastsfilledthestadium;theyhadcometowatchthefirstgameoftheseasonandtocheerthehometeam.A.enthusiastsfilledthestadiumtocomeB.enthusiasts,fillingthestadium,hadcomeC.enthusiastsfilledthestadium;andhadcomeD.enthusiastsfillingthestadium,whohadcome正确答案:B[解析]结构应用

本句的基本结构是:…enthusiastshadcometowatchthefirstgameoftheseasonandtocheerthehometeam;而fillthestadium是表伴随的状语,fill的逻辑主语是句子的主语,且是fill这一动作的发出者,因此应用现在分词短语作状语并与主句用逗号分开,答案为B。

13.

Thisphenomenonstillhasmanyofthemwonderingtheirheads.A.fidgetingB.meditatingC.worryingD.scratching正确答案:D[解析]词语运用

scratchone'shead表:认真地思索一个难题;例:Thiscrisishaspoliticiansscratchingtheirheadsandwonderingwhattodo.(这场危机令政治家们苦思不得其解。);本句意为:这一现象仍令他们苦思不得其解。因此D为答案。

14.

Whocanprotestanddoesnotisanaccompliceintheact.A.thesameashelpingthecriminalB.seldomusefultosocietyC.onegoodwaytofightevilD.moreeffectivethanindividualprotest.正确答案:A[解析]结构应用

此句意为:那些能反对/抗议却不反对/抗议的人就是这一行动的帮凶;选项C、D与原句意思矛盾;选项D与原句意思不符,因此A(与帮助罪犯无异)为答案。

15.

Hedidn'tbuythebookbecausehewasinterestedinpoetry.A.Hedidn'tbuythebookbecausehewasnotinterestedinpoetry.B.Heboughtthebook,butitisnotbecausehewasinterestedinpoetry.C.Heboughtthebookbecausehewasinterestedinpoetry.D.Heboughtthebookbecausehewasnotinterestedinpoetry.正确答案:B[解析]结构应用

此句考察的是否定的转移:有时,汉语中对状语的否定在译成英语时应转换为对谓语的否定;因此本句应是Heboughtthebook,butitisnotbecausehewasinterestedinpoetry.所以B为答案。

ⅡReadingComprehensionInthissectionyouwillfindaftereachofthepassagesanumberofquestionsorunfinishedstatementsaboutthepassage,eachwith4(A,B,CandD)choicestocompletethestatement.Youmustchoosetheonewhichyouthinkfitsbest.BlackenthecorrespondingletterasrequiredonyourMachine-scoringANSWERSHEET.Thetimeforthissectionis75minutes.

Thesuntodayisayellowdwarfstar.Itisfueledbythermonuclearreactionsnearitscenterthatconverthydrogentohelium.Thesunhasexistedinitspresentstateforabout4billion,600millionyearsandisthousandsoftimeslargerthantheEarth.

Bystudyingotherstars,astronomerscanpredictwhattherestofthesun'slifewillbelike.About5billionyearsfromnow,thecoreofthesunwillshrinkandbecomehotter.Thesurfacetemperaturewillfail.Thehighertemperatureofthecenterwillincreasetherateofthermonuclearreactions.Theouterregionsofthesunwillexpandapproximately35millionmiles,aboutthedistancetomercury,whichistheclosestplanettothesun.Thesunwillthenbearedgiantstar.Temperaturesontheearthwillbecometoohotforlifetoexist.

Oncethesunhasusedupitsthermonuclearenergyasaredgiant,itwillbegintoshrink.Afteritshrinkstothesizeoftheearth,itwillbecomeawhitedwarfstar.Thesunmaythrowoffhugeamountsofgasesinviolenteruptionscallednovaexplosionsasitchangesfromaredgianttoawhitedwarf.

Afterbillionsofyearsasawhitedwarf,theSunwillhaveusedupallitsfuelandwillhavelostitsheat.Suchastariscalledablackdwarf.AftertheSunhasbecomeablackdwarf,theearthwillbedarkandcold.Ifanyatmosphereremainsthere,itwillhavefrozenontotheearth'ssurface.1.

Whatistheprimarypurposeofthispassage?A.Toalertpeopletothedangersposedbythesun.B.Todiscussconditionsonearthinthefarfuture.C.Topresentatheoryaboutredgiantstars.D.Todescribechangesthatthesunwillgothrough.正确答案:D[解析]主旨题型

本文主要谈论了:如今的太阳是个黄色的矮星,由靠近它中心的高热原子核反应将氢转化为氦来提供燃料。……天文学家通过研究其它星球,能够预测太阳的余生/未来会是什么样子。距今大约五十亿年后,太阳的核会缩小并且会变得更热,而太阳表面的温度会降低……然后太阳将会成为一个红色的巨星。地球上的温度会变得过热,以至没有生命能够存活。

一旦太阳耗尽了红色巨星的高热原子核反应的能量,它会开始缩小;等它缩小到地球的大小时,它将会变成个白色的矮星;当它从一个红色巨星变成一个白色矮星时,太阳会以剧烈喷发的形式释放大量的被称之为“新星爆发”的气体。在变成白色矮星的几十亿年后,太阳会耗尽它所有的燃料,热度消失;这样的一个星被称之为黑色矮星……由此得知本文的主要目的是谈论太阳所要经历的变化,因此D为答案。

2.

Theword"fueled"underlinedinParagraph1mostprobablymeans______.A.poweredB.bombardedC.createdD.pushed正确答案:A[解析]词义题型

A.powered产生动力;B.bombarded炮轰,轰击;C.created创造;D.pushed推动;参照注释51。太阳由靠近它中心的高热原子核反应将氢转化为氦来……因此A为答案。

3.

Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethatthesun______.A.isapproximatelyhalfwaythroughitslifeasayellowdwarfB.hasbeeninexistencefor10billionyearsC.israpidlychanginginsizeandbrightnessD.willcontinueasayellowdwarfforanother10billionyears正确答案:A[解析]推断题型

从文章第二段第一句得知,天文学家通过研究其它星球,能够预测太阳的余生/未来会是什么样子。文章没有谈及太阳已存在了多少年,选项B不对;尽管文章谈了太阳所要经历的变化,但这一过程是极其缓慢的,选项C也不对;文章第二段提到:距今大约五十亿年后,太阳的核会缩小并且会变得更热,而太阳表面的温度会降低,然后太阳将会成为一个红色的巨星,因此选项D也不对;所以A为答案。

4.

Whatwillprobablybethefirststageofchangeasthesunbecomesaredgiant?A.Itscorewillcooloffanduselessfuel.B.Itssurfacewillbecomehotterandshrink.C.Itwilluseupitsthermonuclearenergy.D.Itscenterwillgrowsmallerandhotter.正确答案:D[解析]细节题型

见第二段第二句并参照注释51:距今大约五十亿年后,太阳的核会缩小并且会变得更热,而太阳表面的温度会降低,然后太阳将会成为一个红色的巨星;因此D为答案。

5.

Whenthesunbecomesaredgiant,whatwillconditionsbelikeonEarth?A.Itsatmospherewillfreezeandbecomesolid.B.Itwillbeenvelopedintheexpandingsurfaceofthesun.C.Itwillbecometoohotforlifetoexist.D.Itwillbenearlydestroyedbynovaexplosions.正确答案:C[解析]细节题型

见第二段最后一句TemperaturesontheEarthwillbecometoohotforlifetoexist.(地球上的温度会变得过热,以至没有生命能够存活。)C为答案。

6.

Asawhitedwarf,thesunwillbe______.A.thesamesizeastheplanetMercuryB.thousandsoftimessmallerthanitistodayC.around35millionmilesindiameterD.coldanddark正确答案:B[解析]细节题型

见第三段第一、二句:一旦太阳用尽了它作为一个红色巨星的热核能,它就开始缩小;等它缩小到地球的大小时就会变成一个白色的矮星。所以B为答案。

7.

Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingbestdescribesthesequenceofstagesthatthesunwillprobablypassthrough?A.Yellowdwarf,whitedwarf,redgiant,blackgiant.B.Redgiant,whitedwarf,reddwarf,novaexplosion.C.Yellowdwarf,redgiant,whitedwarf,blackdwarf.D.Whitedwarf,redgiant,blackdwarf,yellowdwarf.正确答案:C[解析]是非题型

通读全文,可得出结论:太阳的演变过程是Yellowdwarf,redgiant,whitedwarf;blackdwarf,所以C为答案。

8.

Thephrase"throwoff"underlinedinParagraph3mostprobablymeans______.A.ejectB.burnupC.convertD.letin正确答案:A[解析]词义题型

见第三段最后一句:当太阳从一个红色巨星变成一个白矮星时,它会以猛烈喷发的形式______大量的气体,这被称之为新星爆发。而A.eject逐出,喷射;B.bumup烧掉,发怒;C.convert使转变;D.letin放进,允许……进入;因此A为答案。

9.

Theword"there"underlinedinParagraph4refersto______.A.ourownplanetB.theoutersurfaceofthesunC.thecoreofablackdwarfD.theplanetmercury正确答案:A[解析]词义题型

见最后一段最后两句:最后一句中的there指的是上一句的主语theEarth,因此答案为A。

10.

Whichofthefollowingbestdescribesthetoneofthepassage?A.Alarmed.B.Pessimistic.C.Comic.D.Objective.正确答案:D[解析]态度题型

作者在叙述本文时直截了当,也没掺杂个人的情感,就事论事;因此答案为D。

Scientistsstudyingtheactivityofthelivingbrainwithwidelyusednewimagingtechniqueshavebeenmissingsomeoftheearlieststepsinbrainactivitybecausethosechangesaresubtleandaremaskedbyreactionsthathappensecondslater,Israeliscientistssay.

Theimagingtechniques—positronemissiontomographyscanningandmagneticresonanceimaging,knownasPETandfunctionalM.R.I.scans—areusedprominentlyinstudiesofbrainactivity.Themostactivebrainareasappeartolightuponthescansasspecifictasksareperformed.Thetwotechniquesdonotmeasurenerve-cellactivitydirectly;theymeasuretheextraflowofbloodthatsurgestothemostactivebrainareas.

ResearchersattheWeizmannInstituteofScienceinRehovot,Israel,havemonitoredthesechangesinbloodflowinanesthetizedcatsbyremovingpartsoftheskullandobservinghowthenervecellsinactivatedregionsfueltheiractivitiesbyrapidlyremovingoxygenfromnearbyredbloodcells.

Thisrapiduptakeofoxygen,madeevidentbyvisiblechangesinthecoloroftheredcells,provesthatearlyoxygentransfergivestheseneuronstheenergytodotheirwork,theresearcherssaid.

TheyalsofoundthatsubtlechangesinbloodflowbegansignificantlyearlierthanwasdetectedbyPETandfunctionalM.R.I.scans,whichlacksufficientresolutionanddonotformtheirimagesquicklyenoughtofollowsuchrapidchanges.Dr.AmiramGrinvaldpublishedthefindingsintheJournalScience.

"Theinitialeventisverylocalizedandwillbemissedifyoudon'tlookforitsoonenoughandusethehighestpossibleresolution,"Dr.Grinvaldsaid."Nowpeoplearebeginningtouseourresultswithotherimagingmethods."

Workingontheexposedbrainletsresearchersfollowelectricalactivityandtheaccompanyingbloodflowingreaterdetailthanispossiblebyusingindirectimagingmethodsthattrackneuralactivitythroughtheskull.However,opportunitiesforopen-skullstudiesofhumansarelimitedtosomekindsofneurosurgery,andresearchersmustmostlyrelyonPETandfunctionalM.R.I.imagesforstudieslinkingbehaviorwithspecificbrainactivity.

Bydirectlyobservingexposedcatbrainsandinsimilarworkwithafewhumancases,Dr.Grinvaldandhisassociateshavebeenabletoobservethefirstevidenceofelectricalactivityandotherchangesinbraincellsafteralighthasbeenseenoralimbmoved.

Thenewestresearchshowedthatittookthreesecondsormoreafteraneventfortheflowofbloodtoincreasetoanareaofthebraindealingwithastimulus.Thatistheblood-flowincreaseusuallypicturedinbrain-functionstudieswithPETorfunctionalM.R.Itechniques,theIsraeliresearcherssaid.However,theinitialreactionobservedintheWeizmannresearchbydirectlyimagingtheexposedbrain—thedirecttransferofoxygenfrombloodcellstoneurons—occurredinthefirst-tenthofasecondandwaslosttoconventionalimaging,theysaid.

Thelaterincreaseinbloodflowtothearea,Dr.Grinvaldsaid,wasobviouslyanattemptbythebodytosupplymoreoxygenforbrainactivity.Buttheincreaseinbloodwassoabundantthatitcoveredanareamuchlargerthantheregiondirectlyinvolvedintheactivitybeingstudied,maskingsomeofthesubtlechanges,hesaid.

Thebody'sreaction,theresearcherssaidinthepaper,waslike"wateringtheentiregardenforthesakeofonethirstyflower."

Dr.KamilUgurbil,saidthattheIsraeliresearchprovidedcluesthatallowedtheuseoffunctionalM.R.I.scanstopictureearliereventsintheactivityofbraincells.

"Dr.Grinvald'sobservationsareveryimportant,andtheyhavesignificantimplicationsforfunctionalimagingwithhighresolution,"Dr.Ugurbilsaidinaninterview."Wehaveactuallybeenabletolookattheearlychangeswithmagneticresonanceimaging,butyouneedtousehighermagneticfieldstoseethemclearlybecausetheyaresmalleffects."

Bytimingtheirimagesmorecarefullyandbyusingstrongermagneticfieldsthannormal,hesaid,researchershaveusedDr.Grinvald'sfindingstostudyearlyneuronalresponsestostimuliatsmaller,morespecificsitesinthebrain.11.

Accordingtothepassage,scientistscan'tobservesomeoftheearlieststepsinbrainactivitybecause______.A.thosechangesaresubtleandmaskedbysomereactionsB.subtlechangesinbloodflowbeganearlierC.theimagingtechniquesareoutofplaceD.theflowofbloodtoincreasetoanareaofthebrainisslow正确答案:A[解析]细节题型

见第一段,因此答案为A。

12.

Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingstatementsistrue?A.Theimagingtechniquesnotonlymeasurenerve-cellactivitybutalsotheextraflowofbloodthatsurgestothemostactivebrainareas.B.Theimagingtechniquesdonotmeasure

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