2024秋高中英语Unit3UndertheseaSectionⅢGrammar-复习被动语态Ⅱ学案含解析新人教版选修7

PAGEUnit3UndertheseaSectionⅢGrammar——复习被动语态(Ⅱ)[思维导图][语法精讲]v．­ing形式的被动语态包括动名词的被动语态和现在分词的被动语态。它们在形式上都有一般式和完成式。一、动名词的被动语态1．概念：动名词的被动语态是指由“being/havingbeen＋过去分词”构成的一种非谓语动词形式，它兼出名词和动词的特征。它只能在句中作主语、宾语和表语。Beingexposedtothenuclearradiationforlongwilldogreatharmtoone'shealth.长时间暴露在核辐射下会对人的健康造成很大的损害。Iappreciatedhavingbeengiventhechancetostudyabroadtwoyearsago.我特别感谢两年前获得了去国外学习的机会。2．句法功能(1)作主语Beinglaughedatinpublicisaterribleexperience.在公共场合被讪笑是一次特别不开心的经验。留意：havingbeendone形式不能作主语。Notbeingallowedtogooutmadehimveryangry.不让他出去，他特别生气。(2)作宾语Hecouldn'tbearbeingmadefunoflikethat.人家那样开他的玩笑，他受不了。Heisashamedofhavingbeendefeatedformanytimes.他为多次被人击败而感到惭愧。Ilookforwardtobeinginvitedtohiswedding.我盼望能受邀参与他的婚礼。(3)作表语Seeingisbelieving.眼见为实。Whatupsetthechildwashisnotbeingallowedtovisithismotherinthehospital.让小孩懊丧的是没有被允许去医院看妈妈。3．留意事项在want；need；require；deserve等动词以及worth后面，常用动名词的主动形式表示被动意义。Yourhairismuchtoolong.Itneedscutting.你的头发太长了，该剪剪了。Theproblemofglobalwarmingdeservesreflectingon.全球变暖的问题值得细致思索。二、现在分词的被动语态1．概念：现在分词的被动语态是指由“being/havingbeen＋过去分词”构成的一种非谓语动词形式，它兼有形容词和副词的特征。它只能在句中作定语、补语和状语。2．句法功能(1)作定语Themeetingbeingheldinthemeetingroomisaboutimprovingtheworkingconditionsoftheentirestaff.在会议室里开的会是关于改善全体职工的工作条件的。(2)作补语You'llfindtheiraffairbeingdiscussedeverywhere.你会发觉到处都在谈论他们的暧昧关系。Asweapproachedthevillagewesawnewhousesbeingbuilt.快到村子时我们看到人们正在盖新居子。(3)作状语Beingaskedtogiveaperformance,shecouldn'tverywellrefuse.有人请她表演一个节目，她不好拒绝。Havingbeenbitten(＝Bitten)bythesnakesforonetime,sheisnowafraidofthem.被蛇咬过一次后，她现在特别怕蛇。[名师点津](1)“havingbeendone”既不能作定语也不能作补语。(2)“havingbeendone”作状语时，假如不强调它所造成的影响或结果，则常用过去分词(代替)。3．留意事项现在分词的被动语态作状语时，其否定式是在being或having前加not。Thoughnothavingbeendiscovered,manylawsofnatureexist.虽然还没被发觉，但是许多自然定律还是存在的。Ⅰ.用动词的适当形式填空1．Yetinsteadofbeing_discouraged(discourage)bymyslowprogress,Iwasexcited.2．“Hey,aren'tyoufromMississippi？”theelegantwriterrememberedbeing_asked(ask)bythestranger.3．Listeningtomusicathomeisonething,goingtohearitbeing_performed(perform)liveisquiteanother.4．Thelecturehaving_been_given(give),alivequestion­and­answersessionfollowed.5．Shortlyaftersufferingfromamassiveearthquakeandbeing_reduced(reduce)toruins,thecitytookonanewlook.6．Having_been_witnessed/Witnessed(witness)toenterthebuildingwhenthemurderoccurred,heisbeingquestionedbythepolicenow.7．Being_abandoned(abandon)byhisparentsmadehimdepressedforalongtime.8．Mywatchrunsfastersoitneedsrepairing/to_be_repaired(repair)9．Having_been_urged/Urged(urge)tostudyhard,theboyisanxioussometimes.10．However,aplancanbearnofruitwithoutbeing_carried(carry)out.Ⅱ.补全句子(留意运用被动语态)1．Asastudent,Icantellyouthatthereisnothingbetterthanbeing_praised_by(被……表扬)myteacherbeforemyclassmates.2．EverytimeIread“...ifIhadthepowerofsightforthreedays”，Icannothelpbeing_moved(被感动)byitsauthorHelenKeller.3．Having_been_criticized(被指责)bytheteacher,LiMinggaveupsmoking.4．Themeetingwasputoffwithouthis_having_been_consulted(询问他)．5．Shewasveryupsetfornot_having_been_invited(没被邀请)totheparty.6．Not_having_been_told(因为没被告知)whentostart,hecame